CN103954886A - Cable fault positioning simulation method using time domain reflectometry - Google Patents
Cable fault positioning simulation method using time domain reflectometry Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cable fault positioning simulation method using time domain reflectometry. The method includes the following steps that S100, a cable distributed parameter circuit model is established through Pspice simulation software according to the operating parameter of a cable to be detected; S200, an equivalent circuit model of a pulse generator and an equivalent circuit model of an oscilloscope are established through the Pspice simulation software, wherein different pulse widths can be set in the pulse generator; S300, the model of coaxial cable transmission lines connected among the cable to be detected, the pulse generator and the oscilloscope and the model of coaxial cable transmission line connecting points are established; S400, the simulation system is made to operate according to an established artificial circuit model, the traveling wave propagation process of any node is tested, and meanwhile the actual reflected impulse waveform of the cable to be detected can be tested. By the adoption of the cable fault positioning simulation method, the operation accuracy of simulation experiments is improved, and extremely high application value is achieved to application and study of a time domain pulse method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Simulating technique in Electric Power System, particularly relate to a kind of time domain reflectometry cable fault emulation mode.
Background technology
Power cable is widely used in the industries such as electric power, communication industry.Number of cables increases and extend working time, will cause cable fault occurrence frequency to be accelerated.Power cable fault point location is the important means that the research of electric system cable correlation technique, operational defect detected, implemented repair based on condition of component.
Cable fault is positioned with multiple, time domain reflectometry is wherein a kind of, time domain impulse method is by cable one end injected pulse signal, detects its reflected impulse, carries out Judgement of failure and localization of fault according to the mistiming of the characteristic of incident pulse and reflected impulse and two pulses.In actual test, the pulse of the actual reflection of tested cable can not directly be obtained, and is generally to be tested and obtained by oscillograph.At present, for time domain reflectometry cable fault location simulation technology, exist realistic model too to simplify with respect to reality test, and the indefinite problem of relation between pulse propagation law in cable test pulse not directly perceived, oscillographic and actual tested cable reflection pulse.
Summary of the invention
The shortcoming that the object of the invention is to overcome prior art, with not enough, provides a kind of time domain reflectometry cable fault location simulation method.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A time domain reflectometry cable fault location simulation method, comprises the steps,
S100, according to the operational factor of tested cable, utilize Pspice simulation software, set up cable distribution parametric circuit model;
S200, utilize Pspice simulation software to set up pulse producer, oscillographic equivalent-circuit model, wherein pulse producer can arrange different pulse widths;
Coaxial cable transmission line model between S300, connect tested cable and pulse producer, oscillograph and the model of coaxial cable transmission line point of contact;
S400, according to built simulation circuit model, operating simulation system, test the row ripple communication process of any node, also can test out the actual reflected impulse waveform of tested cable simultaneously, during velocity of propagation at known row ripple in cable, utilize mistiming of incident pulse and reflected impulse can obtain the position of Method of Cable Trouble Point, according to test waveform, the character of judgement cable fault.
Preferably, in step S100, the concrete grammar of setting up cable distribution parametric circuit model is:
Take tested cable as prototype, in Pspice simulation software, set up and damage cable distribution parametric circuit model, its terminator impedance represents with R; When R is set to 0, represent that tested cable is short trouble; When R is set to infinity, represent that tested cable is open fault.
Preferably, setting up the method damage cable distribution parametric circuit model is:
In the analog of Pspice simulation software storehouse, select the model of TLOSSY by name, setting damages the parameters of cable model, the resistance having comprising unit length cable, inductance, electric capacity, electric conductivity value and the length that damages cable, and the terminal impedance that damages cable model represents with R; When R is set to 0, represent that tested cable is short trouble; When R is set to infinity, represent that tested cable is open fault.
Preferably, in step S200, the step that the described Pspice of utilization simulation software sets up pulse producer, oscillographic equivalent-circuit model comprises:
Generator model is comprised of the equivalent resistance Rg of pulse signal source Vg and pulse producer, in Pspice simulation software, in the source.lib of power supply storehouse, select voltage source signal, according to actual conditions or emulation, need to set pulse height, pulse width, recurrence interval; In the analog storehouse of resistance R g Ke Cong Pspice simulation software, select, the characteristic impedance that the connected coaxial cable transmission line of resistance R g resistance size can be set equates or sets resistance value according to actual conditions;
Oscillograph model is represented by its equivalent resistance, from the analog storehouse of Pspice simulation software, select Resistance model for prediction, its resistance size can be set and all equate or set its resistance value according to actual conditions with the equivalent resistance Rg of pulse producer, the characteristic impedance of coaxial cable transmission line.
Preferably, the concrete grammar of step S300 is:
Coaxial cable transmission line model adopts harmless cable model in Pspice, it is the model of T by name in analog storehouse, the anti-parameter of its feature is set, coaxial transmission cable line point of contact adopts T joint connector, its realistic model can be equivalent to three eutectic point equivalent impedance R1, R2 and R3 represents, from the analog storehouse of Pspice simulation software, select Resistance model for prediction that its parameter can be set equally, last line R1, R2 and R3 make its eutectic point, complete the modeling to coaxial transmission cable line point of contact.
Preferably, in step S400, described according to set up circuit simulation model, the step of operating simulation system comprises:
According to the pulse width arranging and each parameter of artificial circuit of building, measure the row ripple communication process of any node, observe the actual reflected impulse waveform of tested cable simultaneously, the concrete grammar of measurement is:
In Analysis type, select TimeDomain (Transient), time domain (transient state) is analyzed, and the parameters such as simulation time are set; Select Pspice>Markers>Voltage Level, place voltage observation probe; And then select Pspice>Run to move Pspice, Automatically invoked Probe module, complete after analysis, can observe the voltage waveform of surveyed node, comprising the incident wave and the reflection wave that reflexes to this node that are input to this node, by adjusting, place the position of voltage observation probe, the voltage waveform of this node of Observable.
Preferably, described according to simulation waveform figure test cable trouble spot distance and judge that the step of its nature of trouble comprises:
The velocity of propagation of known pulse in cable is v, according to following formula, just can obtain Method of Cable Trouble Point apart from the distance of test point,
During cable short trouble, in the waveform of surveying at oscillograph, incident pulse is contrary with the polarity of reflected impulse; During cable open fault, in the waveform of surveying at ripple device, incident pulse is identical with the polarity of reflected impulse.
Preferably, also comprise the steps: that the length testing of regulating impulse width and tested cable is in " test blind area " situation after step S400, the process that row ripple is propagated in cable, is specially:
When superposition phenomenon appears in incident pulse and reflected impulse, there is test blind zone problem, due in Pspice simulation software, generator model can be set up by the equivalent resistance Rg of pulse signal source Vg and pulse producer, by reducing the pulse width of pulse signal source Vg or reducing the length of tested cable, operating simulation system, until there is test blind area phenomenon, observable is at pulsating wave transmits in cable in such cases waveform, pass through analogous diagram, can analyze equally cable when there is test blind area under failure condition, the propagation law of row ripple in cable.
The present invention has following advantage and effect with respect to prior art:
(1) realistic model of the present invention is closer to actual time domain reflectometry cable fault test system.
(2) the present invention has clearly set up the relation between oscillographic test pulse and actual tested cable reflection pulse.
(3) incident pulse and the reflected impulse of arbitrary node in Observable time-domain-simulation cable fault test system of the present invention.
(4) the present invention is conducive to the process that the capable ripple of observation and analysis directly perceived is propagated in cable open fault and short trouble.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is time domain reflectometry cable fault location simulation process flow diagram.
Fig. 2 is cable distribution parameter model.
Fig. 3 is time domain reflectometry systematic schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is time domain reflectometry cable fault location Pspice circuit simulation figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the time domain reflectometry Method of Cable Trouble Point location simulation method flow diagram of the present embodiment, mainly comprises the steps;
Step s100 utilizes Pspice simulation software according to the operational factor of tested cable, sets up cable distribution parametric circuit model;
Step s200 utilizes Pspice simulation software to set up pulse producer, oscillographic equivalent-circuit model, and wherein pulse producer can arrange pulse width;
Step s300 connect coaxial transmission cable line model between tested cable and pulse producer, oscillograph and the model of coaxial wire point of contact;
Step s400 is according to set up circuit simulation model, and operating simulation system, observes actual tested cable reflection pulse waveform or required arbitrfary point pulse waveform; The method of the pulse width that regulating impulse generator produces and the length of tested cable observation " test blind area " problem and solution short distance localization of fault.
In step s100, according to the operational factor of tested cable, utilize Pspice simulation software, set up the process of cable distribution parametric circuit model:
Particularly, take tested cable as prototype, find and damage cable distribution parametric circuit model in Pspice simulation software, its terminator impedance represents with R.When R is set to the tested cable of 0 interval scale, it is short trouble; When R is set to infinity, represent that tested cable is open fault.As Fig. 2 arranges the distribution parameter of cable transmission circuit, wherein R
0, L
0, C
0and G
0representation unit length cables has respectively resistance, inductance, electric capacity, electric conductivity value.R
0and G
0existence cause waveform to be decayed, work as R
0=0, G
0, be called harmless line at=0 o'clock.According to this model, can obtain row ripple and in power cable, propagate velocity of wave
wherein, the velocity of propagation that c is light, 3 * 10
8m/s; μ is medium relative permeability; ε is the relative dielectric coefficient of a medium.Cable characteristic impedance
In step s200, utilize Pspice simulation software to set up the process of pulse producer and oscillograph equivalent-circuit model:
Particularly, the model of pulse producer is comprised of pulse signal Vg and pulse producer equivalent resistance; In like manner, oscillograph can be represented by its equivalent resistance.
In step s300, the process of the model of connect coaxial transmission cable line model between tested cable and pulse producer, oscillograph and coaxial transmission cable line point of contact:
Particularly, coaxial wire arranges its parameter, and coaxial transmission cable line tie point employing T joint connector is equivalent to the impedance of three equivalent eutectic points, as shown in Figure 3.
In step s400, according to set up circuit simulation model, as shown in Figure 4, and the Pspice simulation circuit model of foundation, the process of operating simulation system:
First, according to the pulse width arranging and each parameter of artificial circuit of building, measure the pulse waveform of any node, can observe the waveform of the actual reflected impulse of tested cable simultaneously;
Further, consider that row ripple is absorbed the impact of decay in Method of Cable Trouble Point position fixing process, in the constant situation of pulse width, can be observed the pulse waveform of each node while there is test blind area; Otherwise the length of tested cable is constant, change the pulse width that pulse producer produces, improve the accuracy that trouble spot is detected.
By said method, can clearly observe the pulse signal of each node, for the research of traveling wave fault detection method and the early detection and the short trouble location that are applied to generator rotor interturn short-circuit fault, have important reference and researching value.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a time domain reflectometry cable fault location simulation method, is characterized in that, comprise the steps,
S100, according to the operational factor of tested cable, utilize Pspice simulation software, set up cable distribution parametric circuit model;
S200, utilize Pspice simulation software to set up pulse producer, oscillographic equivalent-circuit model, wherein pulse producer can arrange different pulse widths;
Coaxial cable transmission line model between S300, connect tested cable and pulse producer, oscillograph and the model of coaxial cable transmission line point of contact;
S400, according to built simulation circuit model, operating simulation system, test the row ripple communication process of any node, also can test out the actual reflected impulse waveform of tested cable simultaneously, during velocity of propagation at known row ripple in cable, utilize mistiming of incident pulse and reflected impulse can obtain the position of Method of Cable Trouble Point, according to test waveform, the character of judgement cable fault.
2. time domain reflectometry cable fault location simulation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step S100, the concrete grammar of setting up cable distribution parametric circuit model is:
Take tested cable as prototype, in Pspice simulation software, set up and damage cable distribution parametric circuit model, its terminator impedance represents with R; When R is set to 0, represent that tested cable is short trouble; When R is set to infinity, represent that tested cable is open fault.
3. time domain reflectometry cable fault location simulation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the method that foundation damages cable distribution parametric circuit model is:
In the analog of Pspice simulation software storehouse, select the model of TLOSSY by name, setting damages the parameters of cable model, the resistance having comprising unit length cable, inductance, electric capacity, electric conductivity value and the length that damages cable, and the terminal impedance that damages cable model represents with R; When R is set to 0, represent that tested cable is short trouble; When R is set to infinity, represent that tested cable is open fault.
4. time domain reflectometry cable fault location simulation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step S200, the step that the described Pspice of utilization simulation software sets up pulse producer, oscillographic equivalent-circuit model comprises:
Generator model is comprised of the equivalent resistance Rg of pulse signal source Vg and pulse producer, in Pspice simulation software, in the source.lib of power supply storehouse, select voltage source signal, according to actual conditions or emulation, need to set pulse height, pulse width, recurrence interval; In the analog storehouse of resistance R g Ke Cong Pspice simulation software, select, the characteristic impedance that the connected coaxial cable transmission line of resistance R g resistance size can be set equates or sets resistance value according to actual conditions;
Oscillograph model is represented by its equivalent resistance, from the analog storehouse of Pspice simulation software, select Resistance model for prediction, its resistance size can be set and all equate or set its resistance value according to actual conditions with the equivalent resistance Rg of pulse producer, the characteristic impedance of coaxial cable transmission line.
5. time domain reflectometry cable fault location simulation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the concrete grammar of step S300 is:
Coaxial cable transmission line model adopts harmless cable model in Pspice, it is the model of T by name in analog storehouse, the anti-parameter of its feature is set, coaxial transmission cable line point of contact adopts T joint connector, its realistic model can be equivalent to three eutectic point equivalent impedance R1, R2 and R3 represents, from the analog storehouse of Pspice simulation software, select Resistance model for prediction that its parameter can be set equally, last line R1, R2 and R3 make its eutectic point, complete the modeling to coaxial transmission cable line point of contact.
6. time domain reflectometry cable fault location simulation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step S400, described according to set up circuit simulation model, the step of operating simulation system comprises:
According to the pulse width arranging and each parameter of artificial circuit of building, measure the row ripple communication process of any node, observe the actual reflected impulse waveform of tested cable simultaneously, the concrete grammar of measurement is:
In Analysis type, select TimeDomain (Transient), time domain (transient state) is analyzed, and the parameters such as simulation time are set; Select Pspice>Markers>Voltage Level, place voltage observation probe; And then select Pspice>Run to move Pspice, Automatically invoked Probe module, complete after analysis, can observe the voltage waveform of surveyed node, comprising the incident wave and the reflection wave that reflexes to this node that are input to this node, by adjusting, place the position of voltage observation probe, the voltage waveform of this node of Observable.
7. time domain reflectometry cable fault location simulation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described according to simulation waveform figure test cable trouble spot distance and judge that the step of its nature of trouble comprises:
The velocity of propagation of known pulse in cable is v, according to following formula, just can obtain Method of Cable Trouble Point apart from the distance of test point,
During cable short trouble, in the waveform of surveying at oscillograph, incident pulse is contrary with the polarity of reflected impulse; During cable open fault, in the waveform of surveying at oscillograph, incident pulse is identical with the polarity of reflected impulse.
8. time domain reflectometry cable fault location simulation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, after step S400, also comprise the steps: that the length testing of regulating impulse width and tested cable is in " test blind area " situation, the process that row ripple is propagated in cable, is specially:
When superposition phenomenon appears in incident pulse and reflected impulse, there is test blind zone problem, due in Pspice simulation software, generator model can be set up by the equivalent resistance Rg of pulse signal source Vg and pulse producer, by reducing the pulse width of pulse signal source Vg or reducing the length of tested cable, operating simulation system, until there is test blind area phenomenon, observable is at pulsating wave transmits in cable in such cases waveform, pass through analogous diagram, can analyze equally cable when there is test blind area under failure condition, the propagation law of row ripple in cable.
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Application publication date: 20140730 |