CN103954653A - Manufacture method of four-probe conducting probe and application of conducting probe to measurement on two-phase flow parameters - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a manufacture method of a four-probe conducting probe and application of the conducting probe to measurement on two-phase flow parameters. The manufacture method comprises the following steps: processing single-probe probes and detecting conductivity; processing and winding copper wires; insulating the single-probe probes; assembling the four single-probe probes into a location hole plate; assembling the four single-probe probes into a sleeve; injecting insulation paint into the sleeve; fixedly sealing the sleeve with epoxy resin; grinding points of the probes; and connecting rear-end circuits. The application comprises the following steps: inserting the conducting probe into the center of a pipeline to serve as an electrode, connecting a direct-current power supply with the electrode and another electrode, namely the inner wall of the metal pipeline, through a resistor, acquiring data to extract and analyze phase change signals on the conducting probe, and measuring and calculating area concentration, void fraction and interface speed of a two-phase flow local interface. The method is capable of measuring the void fraction and the interface area concentration in two-phase flow, thereby measuring forward interfaces and backward interfaces and providing reference for deeply knowing local characteristics of two-phase flowing and completing a two-fluid model.

Description

Four probe conducting probe method for making and the application in measuring two-phase flow parameter thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to the measurement of biphase gas and liquid flow local parameter, in particular, relate to a kind of method for making and application in measuring two-phase flow parameter device thereof of measuring four probe conducting probes of biphase gas and liquid flow local parameter.

Background technology

Gas-liquid two-phase flow phenomenon is extensively present in the fields such as nuclear power, chemical industry, oil transportation.For two-phase flow system, void fraction and interfacial area concentration (IAC) are 2 parameters of most critical.Interfacial area in two-phase flow in IAC representation unit volume, has characterized the useful area of alternate generation quality, momentum and Energy Transfer, is also the important parameter that builds two-fluid model.

Based on four-head probe, survey the principle of IAC, angle by supposition bubble surface speed and main flow direction is not constant, but meet the probability density function of quadric form, can improve the measurement of double ended probes, follow-on double ended probes model can be measured the IAC in one dimension diphasic flow effectively.But adopting the measurement of double ended probes is based on following hypothesis: the approximate acquisition of mistiming that (1) bubble surface speed can be passed two probes by distance and the interface of two probes; (2) bubble shape is ellipsoid.When two probes are applied to multidimensional two-phase flow measurement, because making the uncertainty of measuring, these hypothesis increase.

Do not supposing that bubble is elliposoidal and one dimension mobile in the situation that, early stage four-head detecting probe method can effectively be measured the IAC of one dimension two-phase flow, but does not provide the method that multidimensional two-phase is processed receding interface (being that interface first contacts auxiliary probe) in measuring.The measurement that therefore, realize IAC in multidimensional two-phase flow must seek to solve the method for advancing interface and receding interface.

Summary of the invention

For the technical matters existing in above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind of four probe conducting probe method for making and application in measuring two-phase flow parameter thereof, cavity share in diphasic flow in vertical tedge and interfacial area concentration are measured, not only can solve to front interface (being probe before first touch at interface), and can measure receding interface, for understanding diphasic flow local characteristics in depth, improve two-fluid model reference is provided.

For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:

Four probe conducting probe method for makings, comprise that step is as follows:

1), single probe tip is processed and conductivity checks;

2), copper cash is processed and is wound around;

3), single probe tip insulation processing;

4), four single probe tip pack location orifice plate into;

5), four single probe tip pack in sleeve;

6), sleeve inner injection insullac;

7), epoxy resin sealing;

8), grind probe tip;

9), back-end circuit connects.

In described step 1), single probe tip disposal route is: get the stainless steel wire that a diameter is 0.1mm and make probe electrode, stainless steel wire one end is ground to form to wedge-like tip, then this end is immersed in corrosive liquid, measure under the microscope the diameter dimension of tip, until reach 10～30 μ m.

In described step 3), insulating treatment method is: the tip in single probe tip applies the insullac that adopts Telfon to make.

In described step 4), locating the size of orifice plate and position, hole arranges according to the size of four probe tip and arrange for how much difference and difference.

Sleeve in described step 5) is stainless steel sleeve.

Described stainless steel sleeve is 90 ° of bent angles, and its external diameter is 2.5mm.

Four application of probe conducting probe in measuring two-phase flow parameter, described four probe conducting probes adopt above-mentioned method for making to be made, specific as follows:

1), in the metering circuit of conducting probe, by sleeve ground connection, adopt DC circuit to measure;

2), for preventing that electricity from leading the upper electrochemical reaction easily producing of probe, electricity is led to probe and inserts pipeline center as an electrode, metal pipe internal wall is as another electrode, direct supply passes through resistance R _sbe connected with two electrodes, wherein positive source is connected with the inwall of pipeline, to reduce the galvanic corrosion at probe place;

3), gather resistance R _son voltage signal, when probe Fluid Contacting phase time probe and tube wall are connected, resistance R _son there is high level; When probe contact gas phase, probe and tube wall disconnect, resistance R _son there is low level, according to probe place liquid and gas constantly alternately produce the different response signal corresponding from various flow patterns, process with signal after filtering, by data acquisition, the phase change signal on conducting probe is extracted and analysis;

4), when main probe is during in signal rising edge, in liquid phase, if auxiliary probe in liquid phase, in auxiliary probe, relevant rising signals moves forward, if auxiliary probe in gas phase, in auxiliary probe, relevant dropping signal moves backward; When main probe is during in signal negative edge, in gas phase, if auxiliary probe in liquid phase, in auxiliary probe, relevant rising signals moves backward, if auxiliary probe in gas phase, in auxiliary probe, relevant dropping signal moves forward; All probes mix bubble always one regular time scope, the output signal of three auxiliary probe rises or declines and always approaches very much main probe signal, two-phase flow part interfacial area concentration a, void fraction α and interfacial velocity by formula (1), formula (2) and formula (3), drawn respectively:

$a=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Ω}}\mathrm{\Σ}\frac{\sqrt{{\left|A_{01/}\right|}^2+{\left|A_{02/}\right|}^2+{\left|A_{03/}\right|}^2}}{\sqrt{{\left|A_0\right|}^2}}---\left(1\right)$

$a=\frac{1}{T}\underset{N=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left({\mathrm{\δt}}_{0b}\right)}_n---\left(2\right)$

${\stackrel{\→}{v}}_i=\frac{{\mathrm{\Δs}}_k}{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_{\mathrm{kl}}}---\left(3\right)$

Wherein:

$A_0=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{x01}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y01}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z01}\\ {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{x02}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y02}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z02}\\ {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{x03}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y03}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z03}\end{array}\right|,A_{01t}=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}\frac{t_{1/}-t_{0l}}{\left|S_{0-1}\right|}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y01}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z01}\\ \frac{t_{2l}-t_{0l}}{\left|S_{0-2}\right|}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y02}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z02}\\ \frac{t_{3l}-t_{0l}}{{|S}_{0-3}|}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y03}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z03}\end{array}\right|$

$A_{02l}=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{x01}& \frac{t_{1l}-t_{0l}}{\left|S_{0-1}\right|}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z01}\\ {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{x02}& \frac{t_{2l}-t_{0l}}{\left|S_{0-2}\right|}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z02}\\ \cos {\mathrm{\η}}_{x03}& \frac{t_{3l}-t_{0l}}{\left|S_{0-3}\right|}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z03}\end{array}\right|,A_{03l}=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{x01}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y01}& \frac{t_{1l}-t_{0l}}{\left|S_{0-1}\right|}\\ {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{x02}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y02}& \frac{t_{2l}-t_{0l}}{\left|S_{0-2}\right|}\\ {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{x03}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y03}& \frac{t_{3l}-t_{0l}}{\left|S_{0-3}\right|}\end{array}\right|$

Here, a represents interfacial area concentration, and T, Ω represent Measuring Time, represent interfacial velocity, represent interface normal vector, the vector of unit length of auxiliary probe k k is expressed as (cos η _x0k, cos η _y0k, cos η _z0k), η wherein _x0k, it is vector with x, y, the angle between z axle; t _0l, t _klrepresent that respectively interface l contacts the moment of main probe 0 and auxiliary probe k; Δ t _kl=t _kl-t _0lrepresent that l interface is through the time interval of primary probe 0 and k auxiliary probe; Δ s _k=s _0-kthe distance that represents main probe 0 and auxiliary probe k; N is illustrated in and chooses the number of bubbles of passing primary probe 0 in acquisition time section; δ t _0brepresent that single isolated bubbles is through the time of primary probe 0.

Adopt the four probe conducting probes that method for making provided by the present invention is made to measure two-phase flow local parameter in vertical tedge, determine interfacial area concentration, realize void fraction, the measurement of bubble frequency and bubble velocity, not only can solve to front interface (being that main probe is first touched at interface), and can measure receding interface (being that interface first contacts auxiliary probe).In measuring process, can select according to actual conditions layout quantity and the position of four-head conducting probe.

Accompanying drawing explanation

By reading the detailed description of non-limiting example being done with reference to the following drawings, it is more obvious that other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become:

Fig. 1 is four probe conducting probe method for making process flow diagrams provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the scheme of installation of single probe tip in four probe conducting probes;

Fig. 3 is orifice plate installation site, location and size;

Fig. 4 is how much distribution plans of four probe tip;

Fig. 5 is four probe tip l layer advancing interface and receding interfaces;

Fig. 6 is that interface is to signal processor schematic diagram processed;

Fig. 7 utilizes four probe conducting probes to measure the implementation schematic diagram of two-phase flow local parameter.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will contribute to those skilled in the art further to understand the present invention, but not limit in any form the present invention.It should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement.These all belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Shown in Fig. 1～Fig. 4, the making flow processs of four probe conducting probes are: single probe tip is processed and processed with conductivity checks → copper cash 6 and winding → single head probe assembling and an insulation processing → tetra-qualified probe pack into and locate orifice plate 8 → probe and pack sleeve 9 → epoxy resin seal → back-end circuit 7 into and be connected.Sleeve 9 adopts stainless steel material, and probe adopts acupuncture needle, and insulation adopts teflon insullac 5.

The making of probe front is the key that conducting probe is made, get the stainless steel wire that a diameter is 0.1mm and make probe electrode 4, stainless steel wire one end is ground to form to wedge-like tip, then this end is immersed in corrosive liquid, under high-power microscope, measure the diameter dimension of tip, until reach 10～30 μ m; Whole electrode is evenly coated with to insullac 5 and dries, and then by probe, careful to insert a camber be that in the stainless steel outer sleeve cylinder 9 of 90 °, the external diameter of stainless steel sleeve is 2.5mm.The object of doing is like this that the interior probe of assurance pipeline and sleeve are as far as possible little on the impact of diphasic flow and flow pattern.Insullac 5 is expelled to sleeve 9 inside, guarantees between electrode and shell insulated from each other.Then with high strength epoxy resin fix electrode and with being connected and being dried of shell.Finally, with waterproof abrasive paper, carefully grind probe tip, at probe tip, produce a very short conducting distance, be conducive to like this accurate of measurement result.

The making of each single probe in four-head conducting probe, still adopting diameter is that the stainless steel wire of 0.1mm is made probe electrode, most advanced and sophisticated processing adopts Telfon to do insullac.

The geometry of four-head probe is arranged and is subject to the restriction of bubble size and manufacture craft, can make location orifice plate the fixing for probe of different size for this reason, thereby produce different geometrical size conducting probe, adopt the way of modularization assembling, by different module assembleds, find geometry suitable, optimum to arrange, both facilitated adjustment and the improvement of probe, strengthened again the navigability of probe.Pilot hole board diameter embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 1 is 2.6mm, and position, the hole diameter of probe is installed 2 is 0.3mm.The hole distance of positions is 0.5mm from d.The mounting hole site of main probe 0 is positioned at orifice plate center, location, around the mounting hole site of three auxiliary probe 1,2,3 is evenly arranged in.

Shown in Fig. 5～Fig. 7, in the metering circuit of conducting probe, by stainless steel sleeve socket joint ground, adopt direct supply 11 to measure.The circuit design that adopts direct supply to measure need be considered the protection of equipment.For preventing electricity, lead the upper electrochemical reaction easily producing of probe, electricity is led to probe and insert pipeline center as an electrode, metal pipe internal wall is as another electrode, direct supply is connected with two electrodes by resistance R s, wherein positive source is connected with the inwall of pipeline, and doing is like this in order to reduce the galvanic corrosion at probe place.

, when probe Fluid Contacting phase time probe and tube wall connection, on resistance R s, there is high level in the voltage signal gathering on resistance R s by data acquisition system (DAS) 10; When probe contact gas phase, probe and tube wall disconnect, and occur low level on resistance R s.Like this probe place liquid and gas constantly alternately just can produce the different response signal corresponding from various flow patterns, after filtering and signal processing circuit, by data acquisition, just can extract the phase change signal on conducting probe and analysis.

Measuring error is by probe location, and the width of sleeve and runner determines, also should consider the problems such as flow field disturbance that caused by sleeve, and according to reality, required measurement requires to set the position of probe, the width of sleeve and runner.

In measuring process, can select according to actual conditions layout quantity and the position of four probe conducting probes.As utilized a four-head probe to determine interfacial area concentration in Fig. 5, realize void fraction, the measurement of bubble frequency and bubble velocity.When main probe is during in signal rising edge (mixing liquid phase), if auxiliary probe in liquid phase, in auxiliary probe, relevant rising signals filtrator moves forward, if auxiliary probe in liquid phase, in auxiliary probe, relevant rising signals filtrator moves backward.When main probe is during in signal negative edge (in gas phase), just in time contrary, as (a) in Fig. 5 is depicted as advancing interface, (b) be depicted as receding interface.All probes mix bubble always one regular time scope, the output signal of three auxiliary probe rises or declines, and always approaches very much (fall behind or leading) main probe signal.The local interfacial area concentration of two-phase flow a, void fraction α and interfacial velocity can by formula (1), formula (2) and formula (3), be drawn respectively:

$a=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Ω}}\mathrm{\Σ}\frac{\sqrt{{\left|A_{01/}\right|}^2+{\left|A_{02/}\right|}^2+{\left|A_{03/}\right|}^2}}{\sqrt{{\left|A_0\right|}^2}}---\left(1\right)$

$a=\frac{1}{T}\underset{N=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left({\mathrm{\δt}}_{0b}\right)}_n---\left(2\right)$

${\stackrel{\→}{v}}_i=\frac{{\mathrm{\Δs}}_k}{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_{\mathrm{kl}}}---\left(3\right)$

Wherein:

$A_0=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{x01}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y01}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z01}\\ {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{x02}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y02}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z02}\\ {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{x03}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y03}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z03}\end{array}\right|,A_{01t}=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}\frac{t_{1/}-t_{0l}}{\left|S_{0-1}\right|}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y01}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z01}\\ \frac{t_{2l}-t_{0l}}{\left|S_{0-2}\right|}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y02}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z02}\\ \frac{t_{3l}-t_{0l}}{{|S}_{0-3}|}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y03}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z03}\end{array}\right|$

$A_{02l}=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{x01}& \frac{t_{1l}-t_{0l}}{\left|S_{0-1}\right|}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z01}\\ {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{x02}& \frac{t_{2l}-t_{0l}}{\left|S_{0-2}\right|}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z02}\\ \cos {\mathrm{\η}}_{x03}& \frac{t_{3l}-t_{0l}}{\left|S_{0-3}\right|}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{z03}\end{array}\right|,A_{03l}=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}{\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{x01}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y01}& \frac{t_{1l}-t_{0l}}{\left|S_{0-1}\right|}\\ {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{x02}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y02}& \frac{t_{2l}-t_{0l}}{\left|S_{0-2}\right|}\\ {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{x03}& {\cos \mathrm{\η}}_{y03}& \frac{t_{3l}-t_{0l}}{\left|S_{0-3}\right|}\end{array}\right|$

Here, a represents interfacial area concentration, and T, Ω represent Measuring Time, represent interfacial velocity, represent interface normal vector, the vector of unit length of auxiliary probe k be expressed as (cos η _x0k, cos η _y0k, cos η _z0k), η wherein _x0k, it is vector with x, y, the angle between z axle; t _0l, t _klrepresent that respectively interface l contacts the moment of main probe 0 and auxiliary probe k; Δ t _kl=t _kl-t _0lrepresent that l interface is through the time interval of k auxiliary probe; Δ s _k=s _0-kthe distance that represents main probe and auxiliary probe k; N is illustrated in and chooses the number of bubbles of passing main probe in acquisition time section; δ t _0brepresent that single isolated bubbles is through the time of main probe.

Above specific embodiments of the invention are described.It will be appreciated that, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific implementations, and those skilled in the art can make various distortion or modification within the scope of the claims, and this does not affect flesh and blood of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. four probe conducting probe method for makings, is characterized in that, comprise that step is as follows:

1), single probe tip is processed and conductivity checks;

2), copper cash is processed and is wound around;

3), single probe tip insulation processing;

4), four single probe tip pack location orifice plate into;

5), four single probe tip pack in sleeve;

6), sleeve inner injection insullac;

7), epoxy resin sealing;

8), grind probe tip;

9), back-end circuit connects.

2. four probe conducting probe method for makings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 1), single probe tip disposal route is: get the stainless steel wire that a diameter is 0.1mm and make probe electrode, stainless steel wire one end is ground to form to wedge-like tip, then this end is immersed in corrosive liquid, measure under the microscope the diameter dimension of tip, until reach 10～30 μ m.

3. four probe conducting probe method for makings according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 3), insulating treatment method is: the tip in single probe tip applies the insullac that adopts Telfon to make.

4. four probe conducting probe method for makings according to claim 1, is characterized in that, locate the size of orifice plate and position, hole and arrange according to the size of four probe tip and arrange for how much difference and difference in described step 4).

5. four probe conducting probe method for makings according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the sleeve in described step 5) is stainless steel sleeve.

6. four probe conducting probe method for makings according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described stainless steel sleeve is 90 ° of bent angles, and its external diameter is 2.5mm.

7. four application of probe conducting probe in measuring two-phase flow parameter, is characterized in that, described four probe conducting probes adopt and are made as the method for making as described in arbitrary in claim 1 to 6, specific as follows:

1), in the metering circuit of conducting probe, will overlap socket joint anodal, adopt DC circuit to measure;

2), for preventing that electricity from leading the upper electrochemical reaction easily producing of probe, electricity is led to probe and inserts pipeline center as an electrode, metal pipe internal wall is as another electrode, direct supply passes through resistance R _sbe connected with two electrodes, wherein positive source is connected with the inwall of pipeline, to reduce the galvanic corrosion at probe place;

3), gather resistance R _son voltage signal, when probe Fluid Contacting phase time probe and tube wall are connected, resistance R _son there is high level; When probe contact gas phase, probe and tube wall disconnect, resistance R _son there is low level, according to probe place liquid and gas constantly alternately produce the different response signal corresponding from various flow patterns, process with signal after filtering, by data acquisition, the phase change signal on conducting probe is extracted and analysis;

4), when main probe is during in signal rising edge, in liquid phase, if auxiliary probe in liquid phase, in auxiliary probe, relevant rising signals moves forward, if auxiliary probe in gas phase, in auxiliary probe, relevant dropping signal moves backward; When main probe is during in signal negative edge, in gas phase, if auxiliary probe in liquid phase, in auxiliary probe, relevant rising signals moves backward, if auxiliary probe in gas phase, in auxiliary probe, relevant dropping signal moves forward; All probes mix bubble always one regular time scope, the output signal of three auxiliary probe rises or declines and always approaches very much main probe signal, two-phase flow part interfacial area concentration a, void fraction α and interfacial velocity by formula (1), formula (2) and formula (3), drawn respectively:

Wherein:

Here, a represents interfacial area concentration, and T, Ω represent Measuring Time, represent interfacial velocity, represent interface normal vector, the vector of unit length of auxiliary probe k be expressed as (cos η _x0k, cos η _y0k, cos η _z0k), wherein it is vector with x, y, the angle between z axle; Δ t _kl=t _kl-t _0lrepresent that l interface is through the time interval of primary probe 0 and k auxiliary probe; Δ s _k=s _0-kthe distance that represents main probe 0 and auxiliary probe k; N is illustrated in and chooses the number of bubbles of passing primary probe 0 in acquisition time section; δ t _0brepresent that single isolated bubbles is through the time of primary probe 0, k=1,2,3.