CN103954550A - Marine atmosphere simulated accelerated testing method for coating - Google Patents
Marine atmosphere simulated accelerated testing method for coating Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 claims 1
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- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 4
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000370738 Chlorion Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011158 quantitative evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a marine atmosphere simulated accelerated testing method for a coating. The marine atmosphere simulated accelerated testing method is characterized in that the damp heat test, the ultraviolet condensation test and the salt spray test are carried out sequentially and are determined according to the conversion principle of natural environment spectrum equivalent of the simulated practical environment, so that the combined circulation test can be carried out according to the action sequence of the practical environmental factors; the environmental element intensity, the duration time, the occurrence frequency and the time scale of the simulated practical environment, which have a leading role for coating ageing, are subjected to analytic statistics, the natural environment spectrum is developed, and the accelerated testing environment spectrum block formation, the test parameter magnitude and the action time are designed and simulated based on the conversion principle of natural environment spectrum equivalent, so that the equivalent simulation of main factors of the marine atmosphere environment and the action sequence are ensured, the practical conditions such as high sunlight radiation in day time, condensation at night, alternation of wetting and drying, salt mist erosion in morning and evening and the like of the marine atmosphere environment are really reflected, the accuracy of simulating multi-factor coupling effect in a laboratory simulation is greatly improved, and the purpose of rapidly and accurately evaluating the coating environment adaptation is achieved through a short-period laboratory acceleration test.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coating naval air environment simulated acceleration test method based on physical environment spectrum equivalent transforming principle, particularly relate to a kind of circulation combine analog accelerated test method for coating environmental suitability rapid evaluation.
Technical background
Coating technology is metal material, especially iron and steel and aluminium alloy structure effective and the most economic anticorrosion method.Coating in use all can meet with the combined action of various environmental factors, and degradation with aging occurs, so there is loss of gloss, variable color, efflorescence, the failure mode such as bubble, come off, have a strong impact on the protection effect of coating to base metal.Therefore, how accurately, the environmental suitability of Fast Evaluation coating, the coating system of screening, optimization and maintenance job carry out to(for) science are significant.
At present, mainly contain Natural Environmental Test method and laboratory simulation accelerated test method for evaluating the test method of coating protection performance.Natural Environmental Test is that coating material is directly exposed under the typical natural environmental condition that can represent its expection environment for use feature, stand the test of various environmental factor combined actions, test findings can reflect aging mode and the Damage Evolution process of coating material under practical service environment, be the basis of design simulation accelerated test, but the test period is relatively long.Although the laboratory simulation accelerated test test period is short, but due to the further investigation lacking coating material practical service environment condition and both interaction mechanisms, mostly carry out simple single factor or two factor composite tests according to GJB150, test condition and coating material practical service environment are quite different, can not truly reflect the ageing failure process of coating under expection environment for use, cause very big difficulty to accurate, reliable engineering judgement.
CN102967546A " organic coating accelerated test procedures under tropical ocean environment " discloses a kind of organic coating accelerated test procedures of simulating tropical ocean environment.But the setting of test condition lacks scientific basis, do not reflect the actual conditions such as air salinity under tropical ocean environment, thermal cycle, condensation, alternation of wetting and drying, equivalent simulation need to improve.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of laboratory simulation naval air environment accelerated test method based on physical environment spectrum equivalent transforming principle, can be used for the screening and optimizing of coating naval air environment adaptability rapid evaluation and multiple coating system, overcome the poor deficiency of traditional accelerated test and Natural Environmental Test results relevance.
The object of the invention is to realize by following measures:
A kind of coating naval air environment simulated acceleration test method, it is characterized in that: carry out successively damp heat test, ultraviolet agglutination,cold test, salt-fog test, described damp heat test, described ultraviolet agglutination,cold test, described salt-fog test are to determine according to the physical environment spectrum equivalent conversion of the actual environment of intending simulation, combine cyclic test according to actual environment factor sequence of operation.
The time that above-mentioned damp heat test, ultraviolet agglutination,cold test, salt-fog test once circulate is 35 days, is equivalent to the naval air environment effect effect of a year; Wherein, described damp heat test one-period test period is 7 days, and ultraviolet agglutination,cold test one-period test period is 21 days, and salt-fog test one-period test period is 7 days.
Above-mentioned salt-fog test adopts spraying and dry alternating action coating.Described salt fog is the NaCl solution of 0.01～0.05wt% of pH4～5.Further, spraying is 24 hours with the dry alternate cycles cycle, and wherein 19h sprays 35 DEG C of temperature, and 5h carries out aeration-drying at temperature 50 C.The present invention is by adopting alternation of wetting and drying mode, by the selection of rational salt fog formula and temperature-time parameter, true reappearance under natural conditions coating surface under saliferous moist atmosphere environment, repeatedly evaporate-condense the salinity causing and constantly increase phenomenon, ensure the consistance of coating aging mechanism under simulated conditions and natural conditions, and improved equivalence and acceleration simultaneously.
Above-mentioned ultraviolet agglutination,cold test adopts ultraviolet and condensation alternating action coating.Further, ultraviolet and condensation alternate cycles cycle are 12 hours; In each alternate cycles cycle, described ultraviolet condition is: irradiation level is 1.10W/ (m under 340nm
2nm), temperature is 59～70 DEG C, and the time is 8h; The condition of described condensation is 50 ± 1 DEG C of temperature, and the time is 4h.The present invention has reflected that coating is subject to solar light irradiation daytime under damp and hot naval air environment, night condensation environmental effect; Real simulation without coating surface under the condition of covering the thermal effect under solar exposure and Photochemical effects, and the impact of condensation on reaction rate, ensure the consistance of coating aging mechanism under simulated conditions and natural conditions, and improved equivalence and acceleration simultaneously.
Above-mentioned coating naval air environment simulated acceleration test method, comprises the following steps:
(1) damp heat test: once the duration of circulation is 7 days, and test condition is: relative humidity RH=95～100%, temperature T=(37 ± 1) DEG C;
(2) ultraviolet agglutination,cold test: once the duration of circulation is 21 days, and test condition is: ultraviolet test irradiation level is 1.10W/ (m under 340nm
2nm), 8h at (60 ± 1) DEG C; 4h at agglutination,cold test (50 ± 1) DEG C;
(3) salt-fog test: once the duration of circulation is 7 days, and test condition is: 0.05%NaCl aqueous solution, with dilute sulfuric acid adjustment pH value to 4～5; 24h is a spraying cycle period, wherein 19h spraying (T=35 DEG C), 5h aeration-drying (T=50 DEG C).
Beneficial effect
1. the invention provides a kind of coating naval air environment simulated acceleration test method, intend in simulation actual environment the active environmental element intensity of coating aging by analytic statistics, duration, occurrence frequency and time scale, establishment physical environment spectrum, form and test parameters value size and action time based on physical environment spectrum equivalent transforming principle design simulation accelerated test Environmental Spectrum piece, ensure the equivalent simulation to principal element in naval air environment and sequence of operation, truly reflect naval air environment high solar radiation on daytime, night condensation, the actual conditions such as alternation of wetting and drying and sooner or later salt fog erosion, greatly improve the accuracy of the multifactor coupling of laboratory simulation, can reach quick by short-term experiment chamber accelerated test, the object of accurate evaluation coating environmental suitability.
2. the present invention transforms and sets up simulated acceleration test Environmental Spectrum according to the physical environment spectrum equivalent of practical service environment, has improved designability and the applicability of coating simulation accelerated test, can be applied to other environmental simulation accelerated test design.
3. under coating naval air environment simulated acceleration test method provided by the invention and marine atmosphere physical environment, the mechanism of coating aging is basically identical, has reproduced coating and has used the nearly all catabiosis occurring in southeastern coast, as loss of gloss, variable color, efflorescence etc.Meanwhile, the two has extraordinary correlativity, and the degree of association representing with aberration is up to 0.7, and corrosion equivalence is good; And along with the prolongation of test period, simulated acceleration test of the present invention increases gradually than the acceleration multiplying power of physical environment weather exposure test, within 113 days, accelerate multiplying power to laboratory examination and reach 6 times, acceleration is obvious.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is naval air environment simulated acceleration test spectrum of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is coating aberration-time correlation curve under two kinds of experimental enviroments; Red line (on) be physical environment, blue line (under) be simulation accelerated environment;
Fig. 3 is the infrared spectrogram before and after exposing under two kinds of experimental enviroments of coating; (a) naval air environment outdoor exposure, (b) laboratory simulation accelerated test.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail, but invention is not limited to present embodiment, any improvement on the present embodiment essence spirit or substitute, still belongs to the claims in the present invention scope required for protection.
Embodiment 1: Forests in Wanning, Hainan Islands testing station belongs to damp and hot naval air environment, has the climatic characteristic of high temperature, high humidity, high salt fog, high solar radiation.Simulated acceleration test Environmental Spectrum design focal point has embodied the combined action to the active solar radiation of coating aging, salt fog, four kinds of environmental factors of temperature and humidity, with damp heat test, ultraviolet agglutination,cold test, salt-fog test composition Environmental Spectrum piece, according to the physical environment spectrum of setting up, equivalent transforms determines test parameters value size, action time and sequence of operation, form simulated acceleration test Environmental Spectrum, referring to Fig. 1, wherein:
The sequence of operation of described damp heat test-ultraviolet agglutination,cold test-salt-fog test has reflected that coating is sooner or later subject to high humidity, salt fog effect more under naval air environment, is subject to the actual conditions of ultraviolet radiation daytime.
Described damp heat test, according to the Forests in Wanning, Hainan Islands testing station statistics maximum temperature of nearly ten years (37 DEG C) and maximum relative humidity (100%), and consider existing moisture-heat test-box parameter control accuracy factor, the test condition of determining damp and hot son test is: temperature T=(37 ± 1) DEG C, relative humidity RH=95%, one-period test 7 days.
The sub-test condition of described ultraviolet condensation is: irradiation level is 1.10W/ (m under 340nm
2nm); Every 12h circulation comprises the ultraviolet irradiation test of 8h at (60+1) DEG C, and the agglutination,cold test of 4h (504-1) DEG C; One-period test period is 21 days.
Described acid salt-fog test, by chlorion maximum concentration (35800mg/m in Forests in Wanning, Hainan Islands testing station air
3), through being scaled the massfraction concentration of NaCl, adopt 0.05% NaCl solution, adjust pH value to 4～5 and come the effect of salt fog and acid rain in simulated marine atmosphere environment with dilute sulfuric acid; Secondly, adopt the annual wetting time in Forests in Wanning, Hainan Islands testing station with drying time maximum ratio 4:1 as spraying/dry ratio cycling time, it is 19h spraying (T=35 DEG C) in every 24h circulation, 5h aeration-drying (T=50 DEG C), to give prominence to the impact of alternation of wetting and drying on coating; One-period test period is 7 days.
In the present embodiment, adopt the protective coating system of acrylic polyurethane primer+fluorochemical urethane finish paint to carry out laboratory simulation accelerated test, test plate (panel) size 150mm × 75mm, dry film gross thickness 55 μ m～80 μ m.Adopt with batch coating test plate (panel), carry out physical environment weather exposure test simultaneously.
According to the simulated acceleration test spectrum shown in Fig. 1, adopt ESL-04AGP high low temperature cycles test case to carry out damp and hot son test, adopt QUV/spray accelerated weathering accelerator to carry out the test of ultraviolet/condensation, adopt FY-10E salt-mist corrosion tester to carry out the test of salt fog, complete altogether the laboratory simulation accelerated test of five cycle periods.After each cycle period, carry out gloss, aberration, Fourier infrared spectrum and adhesion and detect.
Physical environment weather exposure test exposes in the coastal waters of the bank 95m off sea of Forests in Wanning, Hainan Islands testing station to be carried out, and test plate (panel) master is tested faces south, expose with surface level angle at 45 °.Every three months detects primary coating gloss, aberration, each year detection primary coating Fourier infrared spectrum and adhesion.
Aging rule according to coating test plate (panel) in simulation accelerated environmental test and physical environment weather exposure test and the matching degree of mechanism, the corrosion equivalence of two kinds of experimental enviroments of evaluation; Based on extent of corrosion equal principle, the equivalent of evaluating two kinds of experimental enviroments accelerates relation.
Experimental result:
1. taking coating aberration index as example, adopt chart pairing comparision, analyze judge coating chamber test under the simulated acceleration test condition of chamber with marine atmosphere natural environmental condition under the consistance of aging rule.Referring to Fig. 2, the coating chromatic aberration trend of laboratory simulation accelerated test and marine atmosphere Natural Environmental Test is basically identical, all shows as the trend that vibration is risen, and illustrates that, with regard to aberration index, both have good correlativity.
Change (Δ E) as evaluation index taking coating color, adopt grey correlation analysis to carry out Calculation of correlation factor to the coating value of chromatism under two kinds of experimental enviroments, with the correlativity of quantitative evaluation laboratory simulation accelerated test and marine atmosphere Natural Environmental Test.
(1) determine maternal row and subfamily
Natural atmosphere environmental test (maternal row):
x
0(k)＝{0.1,0.5,0.7,1.3,1.8,1.9,2.1,3.2，3.9}，k＝1,2，…，9
Chamber simulated acceleration test (subfamily) is tested in chamber:
x
1(k)＝{0.09,0.53,0.7,1.59,1.65,1.61,2.04,3.51，3.25}.k＝1,2，…，9
By nondimensionalization processing, the chamber calculating is tested chamber simulated acceleration test and to the degree of association of marine atmosphere Natural Environmental Test aberration result is: R
10=0.70.From the numerical value of the degree of association, two kinds of test methods have good correlativity.
2. the essence that coating aging lost efficacy is under action of ultraviolet light, and a series of photochemical reactions that start from strand weak bond, cause film-forming resin degradation with aging, and then produces the catabiosis such as loss of gloss, variable color, efflorescence.Adopt Fourier infrared spectrum to carry out coating molecule structural characterization and functional group's identification, referring to Fig. 3, the coating corrosion micromechanism of damage consistance under physical environment and simulation accelerated environment is evaluated.Can find out, original spectrogram has the characteristic peak of obvious polyurethane film-forming resin, as 1760cm
-1left and right-NH-COO-absorption peak, 1690cm
-1in the aromatic compounds of left and right-C=O absorption peak, and 1515cm
-1, 1370cm
-1, 1215cm
-1near be the characteristic absorption peak of carbamic acid ester structure.Along with the prolongation of open-assembly time, the coating under two kinds of experimental enviroments all shows as 1760cm
-1carbonyl absorption peak and the 1215cm of left and right
-1the N-C absorption peak strength of left and right weakens, 1019cm
-1the pigment peak intensity of left and right strengthens relatively.Under two kinds of experimental enviroments of this explanation, the mechanism of coating aging is basically identical, all show as the carbamate fracture in molecular resin chain, the film-forming resin of coating surface degradation with aging gradually, bonding package action to pigment declines to a great extent, cause coating surface to separate out a lot of tiny particulate material, i.e. efflorescence.
3. adopt acceleration conversion factor (ASF) method to evaluate the equivalent acceleration relation in the whole process of the test of coating.The test period of identical value of chromatism listed two kinds of experimental enviroment floating coats and reached by table 1.
Two kinds of experimental enviroment floating coats of table 1 reach the test period of identical value of chromatism
With laboratory simulation acceleration environment test period t
afor horizontal ordinate, to reach the ratio t of naval air environment test period and laboratory simulation acceleration environment test period of identical value of chromatism
b/ t
afor ordinate mapping, the line retrace analysis of going forward side by side, obtains accelerating conversion factor (ASF) with simulated acceleration test time t
achanging Pattern as follows:
Show by above-mentioned analysis, two kinds of test methods have extraordinary corrosion equivalence, and along with the prolongation of test period, laboratory simulation accelerated test increases gradually than the acceleration multiplying power of physical environment weather exposure test, laboratory examination is accelerated multiplying power for 113 days and is reached 6 times, and acceleration is obvious.
Claims (8)
1. a coating naval air environment simulated acceleration test method, it is characterized in that: carry out successively damp heat test, ultraviolet agglutination,cold test, salt-fog test, described damp heat test, described ultraviolet agglutination,cold test, described salt-fog test are to determine according to the physical environment spectrum equivalent conversion of the actual environment of intending simulation, combine cyclic test according to actual environment factor sequence of operation.
2. coating naval air environment simulated acceleration test method as claimed in claim 1, once the time of circulation is 35 days, and wherein, described damp heat test one-period test period is 7 days, ultraviolet agglutination,cold test one-period test period is 21 days, and salt-fog test one-period test period is 7 days.
3. coating naval air environment simulated acceleration test method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, described salt-fog test adopts spraying and dry alternating action coating.
4. coating naval air environment simulated acceleration test method as claimed in claim 3, the NaCl solution of 0.01～0.05wt% that described salt fog is pH4～5.
5. the coating naval air environment simulated acceleration test method as described in claim 3 or 4, described spraying and dry alternate cycles cycle are 24 hours, and wherein 19h sprays 35 DEG C of temperature, and 5h carries out aeration-drying at temperature 50 C.
6. the coating naval air environment simulated acceleration test method as described in claim 1,2 or 3, described ultraviolet agglutination,cold test adopts ultraviolet and condensation alternating action coating.
7. coating naval air environment simulated acceleration test method as claimed in claim 6, ultraviolet and condensation alternate cycles cycle are 12 hours; In each alternate cycles cycle, described ultraviolet condition is: irradiation level is 1.10W/ (m under 340 nm
2nm), temperature is 59～70 DEG C, and the time is 8h; The condition of described condensation is 50 ± 1 DEG C of temperature, and the time is 4h.
8. coating naval air environment simulated acceleration test method as claimed in claim 1, comprises the following steps:
(1) damp heat test: once the duration of circulation is 7 days, and test condition is: relative humidity RH=95～100%, temperature is 37 ± 1 DEG C;
(2) ultraviolet agglutination,cold test: once the duration of circulation is 21 days, and test condition is: ultraviolet test irradiation level is 1.10W/ (m under 340 nm conditions
2nm), temperature is 60 ± 1 DEG C, and the time is 8h; Agglutination,cold test temperature is 50 ± 1 DEG C, and the time is 4h;
(3) salt-fog test: once the duration of circulation is 7 days, and test condition is: 0.05%NaCl aqueous solution, with dilute sulfuric acid adjustment pH value to 4～5; 24h is a spraying cycle period, and wherein 19h is 35 DEG C of sprayings in temperature, and 5h is 50 DEG C of aeration-dryings in temperature.
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| CN104568721A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-04-29 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Acceleration test and equivalence estimation method of simulation coating under marine atmospheric environment |
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