CN101738365A - Accelerated test method for simulating atmospheric corrosion of metal materials - Google Patents
Accelerated test method for simulating atmospheric corrosion of metal materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN101738365A CN101738365A CN200810225925A CN200810225925A CN101738365A CN 101738365 A CN101738365 A CN 101738365A CN 200810225925 A CN200810225925 A CN 200810225925A CN 200810225925 A CN200810225925 A CN 200810225925A CN 101738365 A CN101738365 A CN 101738365A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an accelerated test method for simulating the atmospheric corrosion of metal materials, comprising the following steps: (1) preparing a metal sample; (2) preparing dipping solution from 0.01-1mol/L NaCl, 0.05-0.5mol/L Na2SO4 and 0-0.05mol/L Na2S2O8; (3) dipping the metal sample at 25-50 DEG C, humidifying the metal sample at 25-50 DEG C and drying the metal sample at 40-70 DEG C in a circulating way, and determining the single or total testing time according to the need; and (4) treating the metal sample to analyze the corrosion weight loss, the corrosion products and the morphology. The accelerated test method is used for simulating the behavior and the law on the atmospheric corrosion of the aluminum, the aluminum alloy and other aluminum materials in the humid and hot environment, the marine environment and other different environment and is also used for rapidly evaluating the corrosion resistance of various aluminum materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the analogue technique of atmospheric corrosion, be specially a kind of accelerated corrosion test method of simulating atmospheric corrosion of metal materials process.
Background technology
The atmospheric corrosion situation of material under physical environment is the important evidence of engineering design and anticorrosive construction, adopts exposure test method under the physical environment to understand the atmospheric corrosion situation of material usually.But, the weather exposure test cycle is very long, often reach several years even longer time, and the test region is strong, people wish to be inferred by the laboratory accelerated corrosion test result of outdoor long term exposure test, and then the atmospheric corrosion life-span of prediction material, goods, protective layer, substitute the atmospheric corrosion exposure test with part; People often think to obtain as early as possible the corrosion difference situation of different materials in same environment on the other hand, contrast mutually with the corrosivity to material, and the lab simulation accelerated corrosion test can satisfy above-mentioned needs to a certain extent.Above-mentioned reason impels people to carry out the research of a large amount of lab simulation accelerated corrosion test, in the hope of seeking the indoor accelerated corrosion test method that can have good correlation with natural environment corrosion.
The principal element that influences atmospheric corrosion is the concentration of pollutants such as atmospheric humidity, temperature and chlorion and SO2 etc., people have successively studied the indoor accelerated corrosion method of multiple simulating natural environment corrosion, except updating on simulation test device, emphasis is inquired into the solution composition that can simulate the atmospheric pollution effect and the accelerated test process that is close with real atmosphere corrosion temperature, wet circulation mechanism on the method.In order to set up indoors artificial accelerated test and physical environment exposure test result's correlativity, good lab simulation accelerated corrosion test method must satisfy simulation, acceleration and three pacing itemss of reappearance.The main at present indoor accelerated test method that uses has following several:
(1) damp heat test method
Damp heat test method is sample to be placed on make specimen surface aggegation moisture under high temperature, the super-humid conditions, with the reinforcement corrosion environment, thereby quickens the corrosion of sample, to observe and to study the corrosion situation of sample.Damp heat test method can be divided into two kinds of steady-state damp heat test and cyclic damp heat tests.For further accelerated corrosion also can be adopted the condensation corrosion test, it is to lead to recirculated cooling water in warm and humid process of the test in the test piece frame, makes its temperature be lower than atmosphere on every side, and steam is easier like this condenses in test piece, and the quickening corrosion, the test period is shorter than damp heat test.The aggegation of damp heat test method can not form the stabilized uniform moisture film at the globule normally not of uniform size on test piece surface, and test is relatively poor for the simulation of real atmosphere corrosion.
(2) salt-fog test
The salt-fog test method proposed and was used for corrosion test early than 1914, and purpose is in order to simulate the atmospheric corrosion condition in ocean, coastal waters.ASTM has formally proposed the salt-fog test standard method in 1962: use the NaCl solution of 50 ± 5g/l to spray continuously as neutral salt spray test, 24h is an one-period.Add the salt-fog test (AASS) of acetic acid in addition and add salt-fog test (CASS) method of acetic acid cupric chloride etc.But there are some researches show, salt-fog test and weather exposure test do not have comparability substantially, both correlativitys are relatively poor.Therefore this method is difficult to the life-span of material under a certain actual environment for use predicted mainly as a kind of method of metal material being carried out Performance Detection under artificial accelerated corrosion situation.
(3) dried wetted perimeter soaks cyclic test
Dried wetted perimeter soaks cyclic test and uses runner or elevating mechanism, and sample is periodically immersed in the different maceration extracts, and sample leaves solution after dipping a period of time, toasts dry sample with hot blast or lamp, and constantly circulation is to simulate the corrosion process of different atmospheric environments.As using distilled water, NaHSO respectively
3Or NaCl solution simulates the atmospheric corrosion situation under rural atmosphere, industrial atmosphere and the marine atmosphere, and commonly used have a 5%NaCl+0.2%Na
2S
2O
8Dipping solution, the baking temperature interval is at 40～60 ℃.Studies show that the experiment in several weeks can be complementary with 1 year or expose testing naturally of longer time.The method meets that atmospheric corrosion is done, the wet alternate cycle specificity, has reappeared three kinds of atmospheric corrosion states of metal surface experience: dipping-moistening-drying.Be to be considered to a kind of accelerated test method that can simulate the atmospheric corrosion process better at present.But the moistening process of this method is difficult to effective control, and the simulation of indivedual environment is remained in problem.
(4) cycle spraying composite corrosion test
Cycle spraying composite corrosion test is meant and periodically carries out brine spray that each cycle has pilot process such as dry or damp and hot.Under the natural atmosphere environment, specimen surface is because rainwater, the liquid film that coagulates formations such as mist have one by thick attenuation, by the periodic cycle process of wet exsiccation, and this is the basic characteristics of atmospheric corrosion.The simulation of various single salt-fog tests and weather exposure test is bad, and its main cause is that salt-fog test does not have " wet ← → do " cyclic process.Cycle spraying composite corrosion test meets that atmospheric corrosion is done, the wet alternate cycle specificity, compare with single salt-fog test, atmospheric corrosion can be simulated and quicken to this method better, relatively near the corrosion situation of material in the natural atmosphere environment, but there is the equipment complexity in this method, problems such as maintenance cost height.
(5) test of gas attack combined-circulation and multiple-factor circulation composite testing
For the atmospheric corrosion of simulation material under the industrial environment under the various severe contaminations, developed gas attack composite testing method.CCT-OG type gas attack combined testing machine as Japan can carry out SO
2, H
2S, NO
2, O
3Deng gas attack and salt fog, drying and damp and hot etc. separately and composite testing.In order to simulate more atmospheric corrosion factor, people have also carried out multifactor composite corrosion test research, and the combined testing machine as Japan utilizes the repacking of CASS testing machine can carry out humidity, spraying, logical SO
2, processes such as drying, rainfall the combined-circulation test.The weak point of these class methods is that the factor that need control is many, operation easier is bigger.As the accelerated corrosion test method of simulation atmospheric corrosion process, above-mentioned these test methods all have advantage and deficiency separately, belong to principle or guiding method.Because the complicacy of atmospheric corrosion, the relative varying environment sensitivity of corrosion of different materials there are differences, therefore, the foundation of any simulated acceleration test method, all will be at concrete material and environment, select the testing liquid composition according to environmental characteristic, set the circulation combination of different temperature humidity, and go out to have good simulation, acceleration and reproducible test condition by a series of experiment sievings.Present many researchers are studying, are designing, explore the test method of demand separately.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of accelerated corrosion test method of simulation, acceleration and reproducible simulating atmospheric corrosion of metal materials process preferably that has.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention reaches by the following technical programs:
A kind of accelerated corrosion test method of simulating the atmospheric corrosion process, its step is as follows:
(1) metal material is prepared as the test sample of sheet material or other shape;
(2) with the Na of NaCl+0.05～0.5mol/L of 0.01～1mol/L
2SO
4The Na of+0～0.05mol/L
2S
2O
8Be dipping solution;
(3) by " dipping → moistening → dry → " sequential loop, determine single and total experimental period according to concrete needs;
(4) to after handling through the sample of step (3) gained, can carry out researchs such as corrosion weight loss, corrosion product and morphology analysis.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: test button is an aluminum or aluminum alloy described in the described step (1).
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: by " dipping → moistening → dry → " sequential loop, dipping temperature is 25～50 ℃, and moistening temperature is 25～50 ℃, and baking temperature is 40～70 ℃.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
(1) adopt test method of the present invention by the selection of dipping solution composition and content and for " dipping → moistening → dry → " process, especially effective control of " moistening " process can be simulated the corrosion processes of metal material in different atmospheric environments such as aluminium and aluminium alloy.The atmospheric corrosion resistance of the atmospheric corrosion rule of development test material or quick evaluating material is from the approximate result who infers outdoor long term exposure test of laboratory simulation accelerated corrosion test result.This method has significant accelerated corrosion when guaranteeing simulation: reach tens of times to hundred times.
(2) adopt main corrosion product of the present invention consistent: all to be aluminium oxide or aluminium hydroxide with the main corrosion product of outdoor atmospheric exposure.
(3) revision test shows that this method has good repeatability.
(4) test findings that adopts the present invention to obtain meets power exponent rule Δ W=kt preferably
n, consistent with the outdoor test rule, and the indoor external enwergy of the corrosion weight of aluminium and aluminium alloy order is consistent.
(5) applied range of the present invention goes for the atmospheric corrosion research and the corrosion proof quick evaluation thereof of materials such as aluminium and aluminium alloy.
The inventive method is used for simulating the atmospheric corrosion process of metal material under the varying environments such as damp and hot and ocean, have simulation, acceleration and reappearance, atmospheric corrosion behavior and the rule of materials such as aluminium and aluminium alloy can be used for studying, the corrosion proof quick evaluation of various aluminiums can also be applied in varying environment.
The present invention will be further described below by the drawings and specific embodiments, but and do not mean that limiting the scope of the invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the graph of relation of corrosion depth and exposure duration;
Fig. 2 is the graph of relation of the embodiment of the invention 1 corrosion weight loss and test period;
Fig. 3 is the graph of relation of the embodiment of the invention 2 corrosion weight losses and test period;
Fig. 4 is the graph of relation of the embodiment of the invention 3 corrosion weight losses and test period.
Embodiment
Reference examples 1
The present invention has set up a kind of simulation accelerated corrosion test method, simulation aluminium and the corrosion process of aluminium alloy in atmospheric environment.Technical matters to be solved is that the lab simulation accelerated corrosion test must satisfy simulation, acceleration and three pacing itemss of reappearance, and wherein most critical is to satisfy the simulation condition on the basis of satisfying acceleration and reappearance condition.
The chemical constitution of table 1 test material (wt%)
The three kinds of aluminium that weather exposure test is used and the main chemical compositions of aluminium alloy see Table 1.Sample is processed as 100mm * 50mm * 1～2mm by sheet material, and the degreaser oil removing is cleaned, and 3h in the baking oven is placed in ethanol dehydration, weighs for the 0.1mg analytical balance with sensibility reciprocal in the cooling back.Carry out on-the-spot weather exposure test with reference to the GB11112-89 standard, test site was Jiangjin, and test period is June nineteen eighty-three～2004 year June, by the periodic sampling in 1,3,6,10,20 year, sample is handled the removal corrosion product, and it is 20g/L chromic anhydride (CrO that corrosion product is removed solution
3)+50ml/L phosphoric acid (H
3PO
4, 1.7g/cm
3), 80 ℃ of temperature, time 5～10min should be at nitric acid HNO if any residual film
3The middle 1min that soaks.Calculate corrosion weight loss and corrosion depth, carry out corrosion product analysis simultaneously.3 kinds of aluminium and corrosion of aluminium alloy are weightless lists in table 2 with test period, and the result shows, in 3 kinds of aluminium and the aluminium alloy, secondly the corrosion weight loss maximum of 7A04 is 3A21, and minimum is 1050A.3 kinds of aluminium base corrosion of aluminium alloy weightlessness are carried out regretional analysis with time relationship, i.e. Δ W=kt
n, wherein Δ W is corrosion weight loss (g/m
2), t exposure duration (year), regretional analysis sees Table 3.The relation curve of corrosion weight loss and test period is seen Fig. 1, and three kinds of materials all meet Δ W=kt preferably
nCorrosion regularity; Test main corrosion product and be Al (OH)
3XH
2O and Al
2O
3
Table 2
Table 3
| Material | Regression equation | Related coefficient |
| ?1050A | ??W＝1.385t 0.857 | ??0.994 |
| ?3A21 | ??W＝1.436t 1.036 | ??0.998 |
| Material | Regression equation | Related coefficient |
| ?7A04 | ??W＝1.665t 1.077 | ??0.998 |
With reference to above-mentioned test findings, consider the main environment factor of metal erosion such as atmosphere environment impact aluminium alloy, adopt dipping-moistening-dry composite circulation experiment device, design a series of test conditions by orthogonal experiment method, several aluminium and aluminium alloy are tested, test findings is carried out variance analysis, according to target filter out suitable test condition, obtained test method of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Test material is above-mentioned 1050A, 3A21,7A04.With 1mol/L NaCl+0.05mol/L Na
2SO
4+ 0mol/L Na
2S
2O
8Be dipping solution,, wherein flood 50 ℃ by " dipping → moistening → dry → " sequential loop, moistening 50 ℃, dry 70 ℃; The following condition of reference cycling time: 90 minutes circulation primary, wherein flooded 5 minutes; Moistening 65 minutes; Dry 20 minutes; Total experimental period is 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 96 hours or 120 hours.Simulate three kinds of material atmospheric corrosion processes with this, corrosion weight loss and test period are listed in table 4, and the relation curve of corrosion weight loss and test period is seen Fig. 2, and corrosion weight loss and the regretional analysis of accelerated test time see Table 5.In 3 kinds of aluminium and the aluminium alloy, secondly the corrosion weight loss maximum of 7A04 is 3A21, and minimum is 1050A; Corrosion regularity equally all meets Δ W=kt preferably
nRule; Main corrosion product is consistent with the main corrosion product of outdoor atmospheric exposure.
Table 4
Table 5
| Material | Regression equation | Related coefficient |
| ?1050A | ??W＝0.00522t 1.47238 | ??0.98879 |
| ?3A21 | ??W＝0.00593t 1.72018 | ??0.99287 |
| ?7A04 | ??W＝0.00313t 1.97416 | ??0.99849 |
Test material is 1050A, 3A21,7A04.With 0.01mol/L NaCl+0.5mol/L Na
2SO
4+ 0.05Na
2S
2O
8Be dipping solution,, wherein flood 25 ℃ by " dipping → moistening → dry → " sequential loop, moistening 25 ℃, dry 40 ℃; The following condition of reference cycling time: 150 minutes circulation primary, wherein flooded 10 minutes; Moistening 110 minutes; Dry 30 minutes; Total experimental period is 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 96 hours or 120 hours.Simulate three kinds of material atmospheric corrosion processes with this, corrosion weight loss and test period are listed in table 6, and the relation curve of corrosion weight loss and test period is seen Fig. 3, and corrosion weight loss and the regretional analysis of accelerated test time see Table 7.In 3 kinds of aluminium base aluminium alloys, secondly the corrosion weight loss maximum of 7A04 is 3A21, and minimum is 1050A; Corrosion regularity all meets Δ W=kt preferably
nRule; Main corrosion product is consistent with the main corrosion product of outdoor atmospheric exposure.Has accelerated corrosion: quicken multiplying power and be tens times to hundred times, time to time change.
Table 6
Table 7
| Material | Regression equation | Related coefficient |
| ?1050A | ??W＝0.01522t 1.22992 | ??0.98879 |
| ?3A21 | ??W＝0.0476t 1.30488 | ??0.97680 |
| ?7A04 | ??W＝0.10618t 1.17879 | ??0.99776 |
Embodiment 3
Test material is 1050A, 3A21,7A04.With 0.01mol/L NaCl+0.05mol/L Na
2SO
4+ 0.01Na
2S
2O
8Be dipping solution,, wherein flood 25 ℃ by " dipping → moistening → dry → " sequential loop, moistening 25 ℃, dry 50 ℃; The following condition of reference cycling time: 60 minutes circulation primary, wherein flooded 5 minutes; Moistening 35 minutes; Dry 20 minutes; Total experimental period is 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 96 hours or 120 hours.Simulate three kinds of material atmospheric corrosion processes with this, corrosion weight loss and test period are listed in table 8, and the relation curve of corrosion weight loss and test period is seen Fig. 4, and corrosion weight loss and the regretional analysis of accelerated test time see Table 9.In 3 kinds of aluminium base aluminium alloys, secondly the corrosion weight loss maximum of 7A04 is 3A21, and minimum is 1050A; Corrosion regularity equally all meets Δ W=kt preferably
nRule.
Table 8
Table 9
| Material | Regression equation | Related coefficient |
| ?1050A | ??W＝0.00603t 1.47251 | ??0.99370 |
| ?3A21 | ??W＝0.03995t 1.17606 | ??0.97855 |
| ?7A04 | ??W＝0.04917t 1.19625 | ??0.99813 |
Embodiment is carried out revision test, and carry out corrosion product analysis, with test findings and above-mentioned on-the-spot weather exposure test result contrast, analysis mode, acceleration and reappearance, the result shows: the result of simulation accelerated atmospheric corrosion test satisfies with respect to the weather exposure test result in area, Jiangjin:
(1) have significant accelerated corrosion: tens times to hundred times, quickens the multiplying power time to time change;
(2) main corrosion product is consistent with the main corrosion product of outdoor atmospheric exposure: main corrosion product is Al (OH)
3XH
2O, Al
2O
3
(3) test findings of indoor and outdoor all meets power exponent rule Δ W=kt preferably
n, and the indoor external enwergy of the corrosion weight of aluminium and aluminium alloy order is consistent; Meet simulation.
(4) the revision test proof has good repeatability.
(5) applied range of the present invention goes for the atmospheric corrosion research and the corrosion proof quick evaluation thereof of materials such as aluminium and aluminium alloy.
Therefore, adopt this test method can simulate the corrosion of aluminium alloy in Jiangjin atmospheric environment and like environment, from the approximate result who infers outdoor long term exposure test of laboratory accelerated corrosion test result, this has actual application value.
Claims (3)
1. accelerated corrosion test method of simulating the atmospheric corrosion process, its step is as follows:
(1) metal material is prepared as the test sample of sheet material or other shape;
(2) with the Na of NaCl+0.05～0.5mol/L of 0.01～1mol/L
2SO
4The Na of+0～0.05mol/L
2S
2O
8Be dipping solution;
(3) by " dipping → moistening → dry → " sequential loop, determine single and total experimental period according to concrete needs;
(4) to after handling through the sample of step (3) gained, can carry out researchs such as corrosion weight loss, corrosion product and morphology analysis.
2. a kind of accelerated corrosion test method of simulating the atmospheric corrosion process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: test button is an aluminum or aluminum alloy described in the described step (1).
3. a kind of accelerated corrosion test method of simulating the atmospheric corrosion process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: by " dipping → moistening → dry → " sequential loop, dipping temperature is 25～50 ℃, and moistening temperature is 25～50 ℃, and baking temperature is 40～70 ℃.
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