CN204389359U - The simulated acceleration test apparatus that a kind of acid marine aerosol affects steel atmospheric corrosion - Google Patents

The simulated acceleration test apparatus that a kind of acid marine aerosol affects steel atmospheric corrosion Download PDF

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CN204389359U
CN204389359U CN201520098237.8U CN201520098237U CN204389359U CN 204389359 U CN204389359 U CN 204389359U CN 201520098237 U CN201520098237 U CN 201520098237U CN 204389359 U CN204389359 U CN 204389359U
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corrosion
shower nozzle
gasoloid
steel
atmospheric corrosion
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吕旺燕
王振尧
曹公望
苏伟
张丹丹
刘世念
汪川
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Institute of Metal Research of CAS
Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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Institute of Metal Research of CAS
Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses the simulated acceleration test apparatus that a kind of acid marine aerosol affects steel atmospheric corrosion, belong to the atmospheric corrosion simulation accelerated test technical field of metal material.Gasoloid simulation test device is utilized to carry out indoor accelerated corrosion experiment.Preparation 3.5%NaCl solution, the concentrated hydrochloric acid with 38% regulates the pH value to 3.5 of solution, as the original solution that acid marine aerosol occurs.By the parameter of the liquid inventory control system in regulating device and gas compression system, solution mist is changed into aerosol droplets and simulate acid aerosol environment, deposit to sample surfaces in the mode of wet deposition.Experiment is a cycle with 6h, and wet deposition 10min, natural drying 350min, completed 4-32 cycle.The utility model, with simulation accelerated corrosion means Study on Steel atmospheric corrosion, conveniently can obtain the steel corrosion data in corrosion process, understand the impact of acid marine aerosol on steel atmospheric corrosion.

Description

The simulated acceleration test apparatus that a kind of acid marine aerosol affects steel atmospheric corrosion
Technical field
The utility model relates to the atmospheric corrosion simulation accelerated test technical field of metal material, is specifically related to the simulated acceleration test apparatus that a kind of acid marine aerosol affects steel atmospheric corrosion.
Background technology
Iron and steel has the excellent properties such as with low cost, physical strength is good, is widely used in every field.In most cases, iron and steel is all directly contact with atmospheric environment, and therefore, atmospheric corrosion in various degree inevitably occurs iron and steel, causes the significant wastage of resource and the energy.The extraneous factor affecting iron and steel atmospheric corrosion has the pollutant etc. in humidity, temperature, wetting time, thickness of liquid film and air, and wherein atmosphere pollution is the most outstanding to the corrosive attack of iron and steel.
Gasoloid is the main existence form of pollutant in air, and the pollutant self in gasoloid has very strong corrosivity to metal.When pollutant deposits to exposed metal surface in the form of an aerosol, along with pollutant is in the continuous accumulation of metal surface, the Initial Corrosion speed of metal is improved.Therefore, the metal erosion caused by atmospheric aerosol can not be ignored.
All the time, in sea atmosphere corrosion to metal erosion behavioral implications the most serious surely belong to sea salt particle, and under naval air environment the high corrosion rate of metal mainly owing to the deposition of marine aerosol.Marine aerosol can by SO in the process of transmission 2, HCl, H 2sO 4deng material acidifying, thus the component of marine aerosol is changed, pH value reduces.No matter be sea salt particle or other atmosphere pollutions, mainly exist with aerosol form, its particle size range is from 10 -3μm-100 μm, deposit to metal surface by gravity settling or other modes with aerosol form and then affect its corrosion behavior.The particle diameter of marine aerosol generally distributes at about one micron to some tens of pm, and after moisture absorption, particle diameter can reach original 1 ~ 2 times.Because of its particle diameter and composition characteristic, gasoloid has the characteristic being much different from tank solution or bulky grain particle.As in gasoloid particle size range, gas (as the oxygen) diffusion in drop is very fast, there will not be obvious concentration gradient; In addition, its moisture absorption or crystallization behavior are also obviously different from bulky grain or tank solution, for marine aerosol, in its moisture absorption or crystallization process, can form high ion concentration, as Cl in drop -, and then can corrosion of metal be accelerated.Moreover, because the special moisture absorption of gasoloid or crystallization behavior, obviously can extend the time that aerosol liquids state exists, then can increase the wetting time of metal surface, effective etching time of metal is lengthened.
But up to the present, the impact of aerocolloidal special physico-chemical character on corrosion does not also cause enough concerns of corrosion circle scholar, only has minority scholar to be studied from particle diameter angle.Its main cause lacks gasoloid preparation and detection means, is subject to the restriction of gasoloid research method.Therefore, design and set up and a kind ofly study the simulated acceleration test apparatus and method that acid marine aerosol affects steel atmospheric corrosion, there is important theory value and practical significance.
Utility model content
The simulated acceleration test apparatus that the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of acid marine aerosol to affect steel atmospheric corrosion and method, by adopting specific device with simulation accelerated corrosion means Study on Steel atmospheric corrosion, conveniently can obtain the steel corrosion data in corrosion process, understand the impact of acid marine aerosol on steel atmospheric corrosion.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that adopts of the utility model is as follows:
The simulated acceleration test apparatus that a kind of acid marine aerosol affects steel atmospheric corrosion, namely this device refers to gasoloid analogue experiment installation, comprises gasoloid simulation test case, spray control system and buncher, removable shower nozzle, liquid inventory control system and gas compression system; Wherein:
Described removable shower nozzle is located at the tip position within described gasoloid simulation test case, is controlled the traveling speed of removable shower nozzle by spray control system and buncher.
Described gas compression system comprises air compressor and gas cleaning unit, air compressor connects gas cleaning unit by pipeline, gas cleaning unit connects removable shower nozzle by pipeline again, the two ends of described gas cleaning unit, for connecting the pipeline of air compressor and removable shower nozzle, arrange rain glass respectively; Described gas cleaning unit is four stainless steel filter cylinder cascaded structures.
Described liquid inventory control system comprises liquor box and centrifugal pump, described liquor box is for laying in experiment original solution, liquor box connects centrifugal pump, centrifugal pump connects removable shower nozzle by pipeline again, and the pipeline that centrifugal pump is connected with removable shower nozzle is provided with the spinner-type flowmeter for controlling flow.
Described removable shower nozzle comprises sparge pipe and air jet pipe, sparge pipe and air jet pipe are arranged respectively multiple water hole all down and pore, wherein: sparge pipe and air jet pipe are setting up and down, pore quantity is 1.5 ~ 4 times of water hole quantity, air vent aperture is 30-35 μm, and aperture, water hole is 75-80 μm.
Also being provided with specimen mounting in described gasoloid simulation test case, for placing experimental sample, being located at below described removable shower nozzle.
The simulated acceleration test method utilizing said apparatus can carry out acid marine aerosol to affect steel atmospheric corrosion, the method is the parameter by the liquid inventory control system in adjustment gasoloid simulation test device and gas compression system, corrosive medium is atomized into aerosol droplets and carrys out Simulated gas colloidal sol environment, deposit in the mode of wet deposition and treat corrosion steel sample surface; Experiment is at room temperature carried out, and is one-period with 6h, and first wet deposition 10min, then natural drying 350min in each cycle, carry out 4-32 cycle (24-192h) continuously and complete experiment.
Described corrosive medium refers to the original solution that acid marine aerosol occurs, and specifically refers to pH value to be 3.5 concentration be the NaCl solution of 3.5wt.%, by the concentrated hydrochloric acid of 38wt.%, the pH value of 3.5wt.%NaCl solution is adjusted to 3.5.By regulating described liquid inventory control system to control as 3L/h by the liquid inventory entering removable shower nozzle, by regulating described gas compression system, the air pressure entering removable shower nozzle is controlled as 0.1MPa.To export and the grain size of the aerosol droplets be atomized into is less than 100 microns through removable shower nozzle.
Advantage of the present utility model and beneficial effect are:
(1) the utility model provides the simulated acceleration test apparatus and method that a kind of acid marine aerosol affects steel atmospheric corrosion.The method utilizes gasoloid simulation test device to carry out indoor accelerated corrosion experiment, by regulating the parameter of the liquid inventory control system in gasoloid corrosion simulation test device and gas compression system, etchant solution is atomized into aerosol droplets and carrys out simulated atmosphere gasoloid environment.The method ratio accelerated corrosion tests method in the past, closer to atmosphere pollution physical presence state.Solve simultaneously the experimental period that traditional weather exposure test exists long, costly, the problem such as environmental factor is wayward.
(2) by the gasoloid that the method is formed, can make gasoloid particle diameter Size Distribution between several microns to tens microns, deposit to sample surfaces in the mode of wet deposition.Consistent with actual ocean particle gasoloid, and the distribution in uniformly continous, the salt particle particle that the mineralization mode in the past that avoids causes problem (being realized by fluid flow parameters, pneumatic parameter and spray head ad hoc structure (aperture etc.) co-controlling) that is comparatively large or that distribute in flakes.
(3) consider that marine aerosol may by SO in the process of transmission 2, HCl, H 2sO 4deng material acidifying, thus the component of marine aerosol is changed, pH value reduces.Described gasoloid environment takes the 3.5%NaCl solution by the concentrated hydrochloric acid adjust ph to 3.5 of 38%, is atomized into aerosol droplets simulates acid aerosol environment by regulating the parameter of subsidiary liquid inventory control system and gas compression system in gasoloid corrosion simulation test device.
(4) experiment is at room temperature carried out, and be a cycle with 6h, wet deposition 10min, natural drying 350min, completes experiment at 24h to 192h.Can conveniently obtain steel corrosion data, understand the impact of acid marine aerosol on steel atmospheric corrosion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is gasoloid simulation test device schematic diagram.
In Fig. 1: 1-gasoloid simulation test case; 2-sprays control system and buncher; 3-gas cleaning unit; 4-air compressor; 5-liquor box; 6-centrifugal pump; 7-spinner-type flowmeter; 8-rain glass; 9-waste liquid outlet; The removable shower nozzle of 10-.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram forming gasoloid environment.
Fig. 3 is the relation curve of Q345 steel corrosion weightlessness and test period under the acid marine aerosol environment of simulation.
Fig. 4 is the XRD spectrum of Q345 steel corrosion different time post-etching product under the acid marine aerosol environment of simulation.
Fig. 5 is the surface topography under the acid marine aerosol environment of simulation after Q345 steel corrosion different time; In figure: (a) 24h; (b) 48h; (c) 96h; (d) 192h.
Fig. 6 is the Cross Section Morphology under the acid marine aerosol environment of simulation after Q345 steel corrosion different time; In figure: (a) 24h; (b) 48h; (c) 96h; (d) 192h.
Embodiment
Below by way of drawings and Examples in detail the utility model is described in detail.
The utility model is the simulated acceleration test apparatus that acid marine aerosol affects steel atmospheric corrosion.Homemade gasoloid simulation test device is utilized to carry out indoor accelerated corrosion experiment.Preparation 3.5wt.%NaCl solution, regulates the pH value to 3.5 of NaCl solution, as the original solution that acid marine aerosol occurs with the concentrated hydrochloric acid of 38wt.%.By regulating the parameter of the liquid inventory control system in gasoloid corrosion simulation test device and gas compression system, corrosive medium (original solution) is atomized into aerosol droplets by the nozzle adjustable in device and carrys out Simulated gas colloidal sol environment, gasoloid particle diameter Size Distribution is between several microns to tens microns, and aerosol droplets deposits to sample surfaces in the mode of wet deposition.In experiment, original solution enters the flow set of nozzle adjustable is 3L/h, and the air pressure that air enters nozzle adjustable is 0.1MPa, and the object passing into air is to be atomized the O in original solution and complementary testing device 2supply.Experiment is at room temperature carried out, and is a cycle with 6h, and first wet deposition 10min, then natural drying 350min in each cycle, experimental period controls to complete when 24h to 192h.
The utility model experiment with homemade gasoloid simulation test device as shown in Figure 1, this device comprises gasoloid simulation test case 1, spray control system and buncher 2, removable shower nozzle 10, liquid inventory control system and gas compression system; Described removable shower nozzle 10 is located at the tip position within gasoloid simulation test case 1, and control its traveling speed by spray control system and buncher 2, the bottom of gasoloid simulation test case 1 arranges waste liquid outlet 9; Specimen holder is provided with, for placing laboratory sample below described removable shower nozzle 10.
Described gas compression system comprises air compressor 4 and gas cleaning unit 3, air compressor 4 connects gas cleaning unit 3 by pipeline, gas cleaning unit 3 connects removable shower nozzle 10 by pipeline again, and the two ends of described gas cleaning unit 3 arrange rain glass 8 respectively on the pipeline connecting air compressor 4 and removable shower nozzle 10; Gas cleaning unit 3 is four stainless steel filter cylinder cascaded structures.
Described liquid inventory control system comprises liquor box 5 and centrifugal pump 6, described liquor box 5 is for laying in experiment original solution, liquor box 5 connects centrifugal pump 6, centrifugal pump 6 connects removable shower nozzle 10 by pipeline again, and the pipeline that centrifugal pump 6 is connected with removable shower nozzle 10 is provided with the spinner-type flowmeter 7 for controlling flow.
Described removable shower nozzle 10 comprises sparge pipe and air jet pipe, sparge pipe and air jet pipe are arranged respectively multiple water hole all down and pore, wherein: sparge pipe and air jet pipe are (sparge pipe is on air jet pipe top) setting up and down, pore quantity is 1.5 ~ 4 times of water hole quantity, air vent aperture is 30 ~ 35 μm, and aperture, water hole is 75 ~ 80 μm.
During said apparatus operation, air and original solution enter removable shower nozzle 10 respectively by gas circuit and water route, by regulating the parameter of liquid inventory control system and gas compression system, etchant solution are atomized into aerosol droplets and carry out simulated atmosphere gasoloid environment.The flow process (see Fig. 2) of concrete formation simulated atmosphere gasoloid environment is as follows:
In this device, gas circuit is: air through air compressor 4, by rain glass 8 (in Fig. 1 A) control inputs air pressure, remove corrosion contaminant in gas and moisture through gas cleaning unit 3 after, control output pressure by rain glass 8 (in Fig. 1 B), gas input removable shower nozzle 10 with required flow.In this device, water route is: in testing liquid case 5, configure original solution to be tested, solution controls fluid flow through centrifugal pump 6 supercharging, via spinner-type flowmeter 7, liquid inputs removable shower nozzle 10 with required flow.Spray control system in device and buncher 2 comprise and being made up of spray control system and buncher, and spray control system is for controlling spray time, and buncher is for controlling the traveling speed of removable shower nozzle.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is for utilizing this atmosphere aerosol simulated experimental machine, and the corrosion regularity in acid marine atmosphere gasoloid environment simulated by research Q345 steel.Process is as follows:
(1) sample preparation
The Q345 steel that experiment material provides for certain factory, its chemical composition is in table 1.Specimen size is 100mm × 50mm × 2.4mm, and specimen surface is machined to ▽ 7.Dry up after utilizing acetone and alcohol to be cleaned up by sample, weigh leave standstill 24h in exsiccator after, degree of accuracy is 0.1mg.Sample after utilizing the inventive method to test, according to GB GB/T 16545-1996, adopt the mixed solution of 500mL hydrochloric acid (38% concentrated hydrochloric acid)+500mL distilled water+20g hexamethylenetetramine as rust removing solution, descaling process at room temperature carries out, through the immersion of more than ten minutes, after rusty scale is loose, remove the corrosive deposit of steel remained on surface with hairbrush, the Ex-all until will become rusty, corrects rust removing solution to the corrosion impact of steel matrix with uncorroded sample simultaneously.By the sample after rust cleaning first with distilled water cleaning, then use alcohol washes, after drying up, put into exsiccator, weigh after 24h, be accurate to 0.1mg.
The chemical composition (massfraction, %) of table 1 Q345 steel
(2) test
According to this method preparation 3.5%NaCl solution, the concentrated hydrochloric acid with 38% regulates the pH value to 3.5 of solution.Utilize the homemade gasoloid corrosion simulation test device of Fig. 1, corrosive medium is made to be atomized Simulated gas colloidal sol environment by the parameter of liquid inventory control system subsidiary in regulating device and gas compression, in experiment, liquid inventory is set to 3L/h, air pressure is 0.1MPa, experimentation is ventilated always, and the effect of ventilation is in order to O sufficient in atomized soln and complementary testing device 2supply.Gasoloid particle diameter size Control is below 50 μm.Experiment is at room temperature carried out, and is a cycle with 6h, wet deposition 10min, dry 350min.Experiment carries out 24 respectively, 48,96,192h, each testing site takes out 4 samples respectively.
(3) experimental result
Fig. 3 is the variation relation trend of Q345 steel corrosion weightlessness and test period.As seen from the figure, the corrosion weight loss of Q345 steel increases gradually along with the prolongation of test period.Result shows, the corrosion weight loss of sample and the relation of time meet classical power function equation: M=At n.In formula, M representation unit area quality loses, g/m 2; T represents etching time, h; A with n is the constant relevant to material and corrosion environment.N value can reflect the protectiveness of steel Surface Rust, and as n<1, rusty scale has certain protectiveness; As n>1, rusty scale does not only have protectiveness, can promote steel corrosion on the contrary.Utilize power function equation to carry out matching to the Weight loss data of this test, n=1.141, illustrate that the rusty scale on Q345 steel surface does not have protectiveness, this and the composition of corrosion product and the evolution of Rust Layer Structure are closely-related.R 2be related coefficient, its value is similar to 1, illustrates that fitting result is rational.
X-ray diffraction analysis instrument (XRD) is utilized to analyze corrosion product.Fig. 4 is the XRD spectra of Q345 steel corrosion product.As can be seen from Figure, the corrosion product of Q345 steel is by Fe 3o 4, alpha-feooh, γ-FeOOH, β-FeOOH form.In the experiment starting stage, rusty scale principal ingredient is Fe 3o 4with γ-FeOOH, β-FeOOH, the wherein Fe of reductibility 3o 4higher with the relative content of γ-FeOOH, the relative content of β-FeOOH is less, and β-FeOOH is usually comparatively large and be rich in Cl in humidity -environment under just easily formed, this is because the formation of β-FeOOH needs Cl -for it provides support structure, and the Cl containing higher concentration in the corrosive medium that this test adopts -, and relative humidity during wet deposition is more than 90%, and this is all that the formation of β-FeOOH provides advantage, and the existence of β-FeOOH will promote the carrying out of corroding.And just detecting a small amount of alpha-feooh in the corrosion later stage, alpha-feooh is the most stable FeOOH, and the rusty scale composition as protectiveness can suppress the carrying out of corroding.
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) is utilized to carry out observation and analysis to the surface of corrosion sample and cross section.Fig. 5 is the surface characteristics pattern of Q345 steel corrosion different time.The corrosion initial stage; there is a lot of gap (Fig. 5 a) between rusty scale; corrosive medium can not be effectively suppressed to enter contact matrix; there is layering in corrosion to rusty scale during 48h; outer rusty scale is very loose, and outer rusty scale has the corrosion product of schistose texture occur, judges that sheet output should be γ-FeOOH according to pattern; γ-FeOOH has reductibility, to the effect of matrix unprotect.Along with the prolongation gradually of etching time, sheet output increases gradually, simultaneously, rusty scale is still a mass of many crackles, does not form continuous print structure, cannot stop the further corrosion of matrix.Corrosion changes to some extent to the surface topography of 192h corrosion product, the existing flaky substance in corrosion product surface has again spherical material, judge that spherical material should be alpha-feooh according to pattern, to be γ-FeOOH form amorphous state FeOOH again through solid state transformed and formed through dissolving to alpha-feooh.Only have according to rusty scale surface topography map and in conjunction with the XRD spectra analysis known corrosion later stage and seldom measure alpha-feooh generation, and in rusty scale, still have gap to exist, make Cl -matrix can be penetrated into by gap, promote the further corrosion of matrix.
Fig. 6 is the Cross Section Morphology figure of Q345 steel corrosion different time.As seen from the figure; corrosion initial stage rusty scale is thin and loose; inside is flooded with many crackles; electrolytical invasion cannot be stoped; along with the prolongation of etching time; there is layering in rusty scale; outer rusty scale is more loose, and outer rusty scale surface has flaky substance to occur, this material is unfavorable for the protectiveness of rusty scale; interior rusty scale is relatively fine and close; rusty scale thickness increases gradually simultaneously, and during 192h, rusty scale thickness reaches maximum, but owing to still there being gap to exist; electrolyte cannot be hindered to enter contact matrix, so matrix corrosion continues to carry out.
From embodiment 1, the utility model device achieves " dry/wet " alternate cycles feature of atmospheric corrosion, reappeared steel surface experience dry/wet condition, and the experimental result obtaining Q235 steel in the erosion profile obtained, corrosion product component and corrosion regularity and reality acidity naval air environment has very strong similarity.The utility model device is utilized to carry out simulative and accelerated corrosion test method, there are acceleration, simulation and reappearance, conveniently can obtain the steel corrosion data in corrosion process, understanding the impact of acid marine aerosol on steel atmospheric corrosion, is reasonable material and select suitable means of defence to provide foundation.

Claims (5)

1. acid marine aerosol simulated acceleration test apparatus that steel atmospheric corrosion is affected, it is characterized in that: namely this device refers to gasoloid analogue experiment installation, comprise gasoloid simulation test case, removable shower nozzle, liquid inventory control system and gas compression system; Wherein: described removable shower nozzle is located at the tip position within described gasoloid simulation test case; Described gas compression system comprises air compressor and gas cleaning unit, air compressor connects gas cleaning unit by pipeline, gas cleaning unit connects removable shower nozzle by pipeline again, and the two ends of described gas cleaning unit arrange rain glass respectively on the pipeline connecting air compressor and removable shower nozzle; Described liquid inventory control system comprises liquor box and centrifugal pump, described liquor box is for laying in experiment solution, liquor box connects centrifugal pump, and centrifugal pump connects removable shower nozzle by pipeline again, and the pipeline that centrifugal pump is connected with removable shower nozzle is provided with the spinner-type flowmeter for controlling flow.
2. acid marine aerosol according to claim 1 simulated acceleration test apparatus that steel atmospheric corrosion is affected, it is characterized in that: described gasoloid analogue experiment installation also comprises spray control system and buncher, for controlling the traveling speed of described removable shower nozzle.
3. acid marine aerosol according to claim 1 simulated acceleration test apparatus that steel atmospheric corrosion is affected, it is characterized in that: described removable shower nozzle comprises sparge pipe and air jet pipe, sparge pipe and air jet pipe are arranged respectively multiple water hole all down and pore, wherein: sparge pipe and air jet pipe are setting up and down, pore quantity is 1.5-4 times of water hole quantity, air vent aperture is 30-35 μm, and aperture, water hole is 75-80 μm.
4. the simulated acceleration test apparatus that affects steel atmospheric corrosion of acid marine aerosol according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be also provided with specimen holder in described gasoloid simulation test case, for placing laboratory sample, being located at below described removable shower nozzle.
5. the simulated acceleration test apparatus that affects steel atmospheric corrosion of acid marine aerosol according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described gas cleaning unit is four stainless steel filter cylinder cascaded structures.
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CN105891663A (en) * 2016-04-13 2016-08-24 北京邮电大学 Connector accelerated testing method based on particle stress
CN105987872A (en) * 2015-02-10 2016-10-05 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 Simulated accelerated test device and method of acidic marine aerosol-caused influence on steel atmospheric corrosion
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CN105987872A (en) * 2015-02-10 2016-10-05 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 Simulated accelerated test device and method of acidic marine aerosol-caused influence on steel atmospheric corrosion
CN105891663A (en) * 2016-04-13 2016-08-24 北京邮电大学 Connector accelerated testing method based on particle stress
CN105675479A (en) * 2016-04-15 2016-06-15 深圳大学 Salt fog carbonization test device and test method thereof
CN105675479B (en) * 2016-04-15 2018-08-10 深圳大学 A kind of salt fog carbonization test device and its test method
CN106268545A (en) * 2016-07-29 2017-01-04 中国科学院金属研究所 A kind of produce polydispersion small particle aerosol and the method for grain diameter measurement thereof
CN106268545B (en) * 2016-07-29 2019-02-12 中国科学院金属研究所 A method of generating polydispersion small particle aerosol and its grain diameter measurement
CN111542746A (en) * 2018-01-05 2020-08-14 杰富意钢铁株式会社 Method for predicting corrosion amount of metal material, method for selecting metal material, and device for predicting corrosion amount of metal material
CN110631987A (en) * 2019-10-18 2019-12-31 西安石油大学 Multifunctional automatic simulation test device for corrosion under sediment

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