CN103953956A - Air multiplication-based condensation adsorption ionization purification cooking fume treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a condensation adsorption ionization purification fume treatment system based on air multiplication. The device, the flue gas ionization purification device, the suction device and the condensation adsorption recovery device are connected through an Archimedes spiral channel (6). The invention realizes the harmless discharge of the treated flue gas, protects the environment, and can be applied in the treatment of household cooking fumes.

Description

Condensation Adsorption Ionization Purification Fume Treatment System Based on Air Multiplication

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection and energy saving, and relates to an oil fume treatment system for removing and purifying oil fumes, in particular to an air multiplication-based condensation adsorption ionization purification oil fume treatment system.

Background technique

Industrial waste gas, motor vehicle exhaust and cooking fume are regarded as the three major "killers" of air pollution. In household cooking, a large number of harmful and polluting oil fumes will be produced, such as sulfides produced by fuel combustion, incompletely burned fatty acids, tar or 3,4-benzopyrene, incompletely burned carbon particles in free radical fuels, Ashes and dust formed by fuel combustion, edible oil high-temperature oil droplets, oil vapor, etc. Most of these components contained in lampblack have a strong stimulating effect on human skin, respiratory mucosa (oral cavity, nasal cavity, etc.), eyes, and even strong carcinogenic effects (such as 3, 4-benzopyrene). If people stay in an environment with high oil fume concentration for a long time, their health will be affected. The oil fume is discharged outdoors without any treatment, which not only pollutes the living environment of the surrounding residents, but also emits a large amount of hydrocarbons contained in the oil fume into the atmosphere, which is easily mixed with other dust to form inhalable particles, damaging the atmosphere. quality status.

At present, the existing household range hoods mainly install a motor and a fan inside the box, and the motor reverses and the fan blades rotate to form a suction negative pressure to realize the suction function of the lampblack, and the lampblack is directly discharged without treatment. Exhaust to the outside atmosphere. This kind of suction method, when the oil fume passes through the inside of the box, it will be adsorbed on the fan blades and accumulate for a long time, resulting in a decrease in the working capacity of the fan and an increase in noise. It needs to be cleaned regularly, and the cleaning process is time-consuming and laborious. On the other hand, due to the incomplete separation of oily fume, a large amount of oily fume will pollute the outdoor air, which is not conducive to environmental protection.

In recent years, some progress has been made in China to address the shortcomings of unclean suction and serious internal pollution: Yang Lei et al. have adopted a method to enhance the effect of oil fume, so that the formed negative pressure area is concentrated and extended downward, which is equivalent to the traditional The suspension height of the range hood is reduced, and the effect of the range hood is obvious (Yang Lei, Tang Junjie, Xia Zhaoyang, A·Ya Dengen, method, device and range hood for enhancing the effect of range hood, application number: CN201110445627.4); Wang Fasheng adopts a Oil-gas separation technology can separate and purify oil and gas at multiple levels with high efficiency during the purification of oil fume, realize the removal and discharge of oil pollution at any time, and reduce the impact of oil fume on the surrounding environment (Wang Fasheng, an oil-gas separation device and range hood, application number : CN201210146341.0). The technical solutions disclosed in these patent documents are only limited to one aspect, and cannot meet all the requirements of people for environmental protection, and it is difficult to reduce energy consumption at the same time.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an air multiplication-based condensation, adsorption, ionization, and purification oil fume treatment system. secondary recycling.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves technical problem adopts is:

The oil fume treatment system based on air multiplication by condensation adsorption ionization purification provided by the present invention includes a casing and an exhaust passage, and a suction device, a condensation adsorption recovery device and a flue gas ionization purification device are arranged in the casing sequentially from left to right. The suction device is connected with the condensation adsorption recovery device through an Archimedes spiral channel.

The suction device can be composed of a smoke collection hood located at the suction port of the flue gas ionization purification device, a filter screen located at the air inlet of the smoke collection hood, and an air-multiplier based on the principle of air multiplication installed inside the smoke collection hood and behind the filter screen. The oil fume extractor is composed of a centrifugal fan connected with the oil fume extractor through a pipeline.

The filter screen can be installed at the air inlet of the fume collecting hood through a clamp ring.

The side of the oil fume extractor can be provided with dense small gaps for air flow.

The condensation adsorption recovery device includes a oil fume condensation adsorption recovery box, a condensation plate, a recovery oil pipe, and a recovery oil cup, wherein: the oil fume condensation adsorption recovery box is connected to an Archimedes spiral channel in front; The oil pipe is connected; its interior is fixedly connected with the condensation plate through the pipe; its back is connected with the flue gas ionization purification device through a short channel.

There may be an oil groove and an oil hole on the condensation plate, and the condensed oil can be introduced into the oil cup along the oil groove, and the uncondensed oil fume enters the adsorption material through the oil hole, and the adsorption material is installed on the oil fume condensation adsorption through the mesh plate. into the interior of the recovery box.

The flue gas ionization purification device can be composed of a fume purification box, a fume gas purification filter and an annular flue gas ionizer. A smoke exhaust pipe is connected to the rear of the fume purification box to discharge the finally treated flue gas into outdoor.

The oil fume gas purification filter is supported on the oil fume purification box, and the oil fume gas purification filter is surrounded by the outside of the ionizer.

The above-mentioned air multiplication-based condensation adsorption ionization purification cooking fume treatment system provided by the present invention is used in the treatment of household cooking cooking fumes.

The above-mentioned air multiplication-based condensation adsorption ionization purification oil fume treatment system provided by the present invention can use the air multiplication principle in aerodynamics to realize negative pressure for home cooking in the process of home cooking oil fume treatment. The collection of oily fumes, after condensation, adsorption and recovery of high-efficiency resin fiber materials and ionization, purification and decomposition of gaseous oily fumes, reduces energy consumption and harmlessly discharges oily fumes.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following main advantages:

1. The device of the present invention obviously improves the shortcomings of existing household range hoods such as dirty suction, low suction efficiency, and oil fume overflow. The comparison of suction efficiency is shown in Table 1, and it can be seen from Table 1 that the suction negative pressure increases significantly.

2. Rotate the fan blade to form low-pressure suction oil fume, and change it to suction based on air multiplication, cancel the fan blade structure, and overcome the disadvantages of vibration, noise, and increased energy consumption caused by the adhesion of oil to the fan blade.

3. The suction channel is in the shape of an Archimedes helix, which avoids the backflow of oil fume in the linear channel, and can realize the inhaled gas to change direction evenly along the channel, with little loss along the way, smooth flow transition, and continuous and uniform gas flow.

4. The residual oil fume entering the oil fume treatment device is condensed and fixed for recovery, which ensures the cleanliness of the internal structure of the entire device and improves its service life.

5. The residual flue gas is ionized and decomposed, oxidized and sterilized, and the exhaust gas is harmlessly discharged to protect the environment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a left view of the structure of the suction port of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the oil fume extractor based on air multiplication of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of the oil fume condensation adsorption recovery device of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an overall structural diagram of the flue gas ionization purification device of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a distribution diagram of the flow field generated by the oil fume extractor of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Enclosure; 2. Fume collecting hood; 3. Filter screen; 4. Oil fume extractor; 5. Centrifugal fan; 6. Archimedes spiral channel; 7. Oil fume condensation adsorption recovery box ; 8. Condensation plate; 9. Adsorbent material; 10. Recovery oil pipe; 11. Oil cup; 12. Short channel; 13. Fume purification box; 14. Fume gas purification filter; 15. Ionizer; 16. Smoke exhaust Tube.

Detailed ways

The air multiplication-based condensation adsorption ionization purification oil fume treatment device provided by the present invention uses the air multiplication-based oil fume extractor to realize the suction of oil fume, and after condensation adsorption recovery and flue gas ionization decomposition, the oil fume is harmlessly discharged to the environment.

The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings, but the present invention is not limited.

The oil fume treatment system based on air multiplication by condensation adsorption ionization purification provided by the present invention has a structure as shown in Figure 1, including a casing 1 and an exhaust passage. The casing 1 is sequentially provided with a suction device, a condensation adsorption Recovery device and flue gas ionization purification device. The suction device is connected with the condensation adsorption recovery device through an Archimedes spiral channel.

The suction device is mainly composed of a fume extractor based on air multiplication and a centrifugal blower, which eliminates the problems of vibration, noise, increased energy consumption, and inconvenient cleaning caused by the adhesion of oil to the traditional range hood turbine, and reduces The power of the prime mover. The concrete structure of this suction device is shown in Figure 2, by being positioned at the fume collecting hood 2 at the suction port, being positioned at the filter screen 3 of the oil fume at the air inlet of the fume collecting hood 2, being installed in the fume collecting hood inside and being positioned at the filter screen 3 is composed of a lampblack extractor 4 based on the principle of air multiplication and a centrifugal fan 5; its function is to reduce the diffusion of lampblack, complete the suction of lampblack with high efficiency, and make it enter the lampblack treatment and purification device. Centrifugal fan 5 is connected with oil fume extractor 4 based on air multiplication through pipeline.

The casing 1 is an integral frame.

The main function of the fume collecting hood 2 is to realize the buffering effect on the sucked oil fume and prevent the oil fume from spreading.

The main function of the filter screen 3 is to realize the primary filtration of the oil fume entering the processing device, which can reduce the density of the oil fume entering the device on the one hand, and recycle the filtered oil on the other hand. The filter screen is mounted on the air inlet of the fume collecting hood 2 through a clamp ring. The filter screen works together with the oil fume extractor 4 to realize the absence of a fan at the oil fume suction port, eliminate the disadvantages of vibration, noise, and increased power consumption of the fan due to the adhesion of oil stains, and the absorption efficiency is high.

The oil fume extractor 4 based on air multiplication is shown in FIG. 3 , and its main function is to realize high-efficiency suction of oil fume. It is driven by a centrifugal fan 5. There are some dense small gaps on the side of the oil fume extractor. Due to the throttling of the fine gaps, the air flow is close to the inner wall and because of the Conanda effect, it drives about 15 times the surrounding air. The flow creates a negative pressure. Therefore, the wind speed brought out by a narrow slit is significantly increased, and the area that generates negative pressure is placed at the suction port, which can achieve the purpose of sucking oil fume. The flow field distribution diagram generated by it is shown in Figure 6. It can be seen from the figure that the suction negative pressure flow field is obviously enlarged.

The condensation adsorption recovery device is shown in FIG. 4 , which is composed of oil fume condensation adsorption recovery box 7 , condensation plate 8 , adsorption material 9 for completing oil fume adsorption recovery, oil recovery pipe 10 , and oil recovery cup 11 . The oil fume condensation adsorption recovery box 7 is connected to the Archimedes helical channel 6 in front; its bottom is connected to the recovery oil pipe 10; its interior is fixedly connected to the condensation plate 8 through the pipeline, and the adsorption material 9 is installed through the mesh plate; The back side is connected with the flue gas ionization purification device through the short channel 12 .

The main function of the condensation plate 8 is to realize the condensation and fixation of oil fume. An oil groove and an oil hole are arranged on the condensation plate 8, and the condensed oil can be introduced into the oil cup 11 along the oil groove, and the uncondensed oil fume enters the adsorption material 9 through the oil hole.

The adsorption material 9 can absorb and recycle oil fume, and the adsorption material can be reused. The adsorption material uses a high-efficiency resin with nanopores. By soaking the non-woven fabric in a solution of lipophilic monomers, initiators, and cross-linking agents, the solution molecules fully penetrate into the interior of the non-woven fabric. The cross-linking reaction takes place to form the oil-absorbing polymer and load it on the non-woven fabric fibers. It has the advantages of large adsorption capacity, can absorb 15 times its own weight of organic matter, and has the advantages of fast adsorption speed and good oil retention. It can well realize the secondary adsorption of oil fume and reduce the density of oil fume entering the ionization device.

The main function of the oil recovery pipe 10 is to flow the condensed oil fumes to the oil cup 11 along the oil return pipe.

The oil cup 11 adopts a funnel-shaped design to facilitate the secondary recovery of the oil.

The flue gas ionization purification device is shown in FIG. 5 , which consists of a fume purification box 13 , a fume gas purification filter 14 and an ionizer 15 . A smoke exhaust pipe 16 is connected behind the oil fume purification box 13, and the finally treated flue gas is discharged into the outside. .

The main function of the soot gas purification filter 14 is to purify the treated flue gas and discharge the tail gas harmlessly. The soot gas purification filter 14 is supported on the soot purification box 13 , and the soot gas purification filter 13 is surrounded by the annular flue gas ionizer 15 .

The ionizer 15, the ionization purification device is composed of two parts: a polarization area and a collection area. In the polarized area, the high-voltage rectification power supply device generates a negative high voltage, which is applied between the corona electrode and the electrode plate, and a huge uneven high-voltage electric field is generated between the positive and negative electrodes. When the voltage rises above the corona inception voltage of the electrode, the discharge electrode generates corona discharge, and the gas in the area near the corona electrode is ionized to generate positive ions and free electrons. Under the action of a high-voltage electric field, these free electrons or ions move faster, and when they collide with neutral gas molecules, their energy is sufficient to release additional free electrons, thereby generating new positive ions and free electrons. When the aerosol of small particles with pollutants passes through the electric field, the free electrons and positive ions will constantly collide and be adsorbed on the soot particles in motion, thereby charging the soot.

The charged soot particles pass through the polarization zone and enter the collection zone. The collection area is composed of parallel plates, and the charged oil fume particles are deflected to the opposite plate by the electric field force between the plates, and finally hit the plate, are captured by the plate, and partially carbonized. At the same time, the high-voltage electric field effectively degrades harmful components and plays a role in disinfection and deodorization.

Described ionizer 15, the method for its electric field strength calculation is: add certain voltage between discharge electrode, then begin to appear corona discharge at electrode place, the voltage and electric field strength at this moment are called corona inception voltage and Corona inception electric field strength.

The initial field strength E _C of corona discharge on the electrode surface can be determined by the PEEK law:

E _C ＝3100fδ[1+k/(δr) ^1/2 ](KV/m)

In the formula: f is the surface roughness coefficient of the discharge electrode, which is 0.8; k=3.08×10 ^-2 (m ^1/2 );

r is the radius of curvature of the discharge electrode; take 0.2mm; δ is the relative density of the gas; take 0.98;

The relationship between the relative density δ of the gas and the air pressure P can be expressed as:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&delta;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&rho;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&rho;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 293</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 273</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}$

In the formula: ρ _P and ρ ₀ are the air density at air pressure P and standard reference atmospheric pressure P ₀ respectively; t is the gas temperature.

In a single corona wire-plate electrode structure, the corona inception voltage V _C can be expressed as follows:

V _C ＝rE _C ln(4s/πr)

In the formula: s is the line-plate electrode spacing, which is 30mm;

According to the power calculation formula: P=UI

In the formula: U is the arc starting voltage, I is the corona current;

There are multiple pairs of electrode plates laid in the ionization purification device, the supply voltage is 220V, and the rated power is 40W.

f takes 0.8, r takes 0.2mm, P≈P ₀ , t takes 25°C, s takes 30mm,

Calculated δ = 0.98, E _C = 7777KV/m, V _C = 8.2KV. Therefore, the lowest voltage of the high-voltage electric field will only work when it is 8.2KV.

The ionizer 15 generates a high-energy electric field that ionizes and decomposes sulfides, incompletely burned fatty acids, benzopyrene, free radicals, etc. Carbon particles and carbon monoxide (CO) are decomposed under the action of a high-voltage electric field to generate carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) and water vapor as the main products, as well as a small amount of ash and dust, which are finally discharged through the smoke exhaust pipe 16 .

The Archimedes helical oil fume channel 6 connects the air inlet of the fume collecting hood 2 with the condensation adsorption recovery device. Its helical shape avoids the backflow of oil fume in the straight channel, reduces the backflow of oil fume and resistance loss, and can realize the inhaled gas to change direction evenly along the channel, the loss along the way is small, the flow transition is smooth, and the gas flow is continuous and even.

The above-mentioned air multiplication-based condensation adsorption ionization purification cooking fume treatment system provided by the present invention is used in the treatment of household cooking cooking fumes.

The above-mentioned condensation adsorption ionization purification oil fume treatment system based on air multiplication provided by the present invention is proposed in view of the shortcomings of current household hoods such as unclean suction, serious internal pollution, and no discharge treatment device. It is used in the process of home cooking oil fume treatment In this method, the principle of air multiplication in aerodynamics can be used to realize the collection of household cooking fumes by using high-speed jets to form negative pressure. , while reducing energy consumption, the oil fume is harmlessly discharged to the outside.

The air multiplication principle refers to the use of a high-speed moving air jet. The air flow is close to the inner wall and at the same time, due to the existence of the Coanda effect, it drives the surrounding air flow by about 15 times. A negative pressure area is generated behind the nozzle. Suction the surrounding air.

The working process of the oil fume treatment system based on air multiplication by condensation adsorption ionization purification provided by the present invention is as follows:

Cooking fumes first pass through the filter (located at the suction port), so that the inhaled fumes are partially condensed into liquid droplets, and flow into the recovery oil cup under the action of gravity, which plays the role of the first layer of condensation recovery; the remaining fume enters the condensation adsorption device, after the oil fume is condensed, the liquid oil droplets are fully adsorbed and recovered by the high-efficiency resin adsorption material laid on the metal plate. Particles are deflected to the opposite polar plate by the action of the electric field force between the plates, and finally captured by the plate, and partially carbonized and discharged. At the same time, the high-voltage electrostatic field will effectively degrade harmful components, play a role in disinfection and deodorization, and finally discharge non-polluting gases.

Table 1 Comparison of suction effects of two oil fume treatment devices

Suction method composition Power W Suction negative pressure Pa Air rotates at high speed to form negative pressure range hood turbo suction 210 320 Air high-speed jets form negative pressure Combination of blower and oil fume extractor 171 531

Claims (10)

1. the condensation adsorption based on air multiplication ionizes purifying oil fume treatment system, it is characterized in that comprising casing (1) and exhaust passage, in casing (1), be provided with successively from left to right aspirator, condensation adsorption recovery apparatus and flue gas ionizing purifier, between aspirator and condensation adsorption recovery apparatus, by spiral of Archimedes shape passage (6), be connected.

2. condensation adsorption according to claim 1 ionizes purifying oil fume treatment system, it is characterized in that: aspirator is by the exhaust fume collecting hood (2) that is positioned at flue gas ionizing purifier suction inlet place, be positioned at the screen pack (3) at exhaust fume collecting hood (2) air inlet place, be arranged on exhaust fume collecting hood inside and be positioned at screen pack (3) the oil smoke aspirator (4) based on air multiplication principle below, and the centrifugal fan (5) being connected with oil smoke aspirator (4) by pipeline forms.

3. condensation adsorption ionization purifying oil fume treatment system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: screen pack (3) is contained in exhaust fume collecting hood (2) air inlet place by clamp ring.

4. condensation adsorption ionization purifying oil fume treatment system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the side of oil smoke aspirator (4) is provided with the intensive small gap for Air Flow.

5. condensation adsorption according to claim 1 ionizes purifying oil fume treatment system, it is characterized in that described condensation adsorption recovery apparatus comprises oil smoke condensation absorption recovery casing (7), cold plate (8), reclaims oil pipe (10), reclaims lubricating cup (11), wherein: casing (7) is reclaimed in described oil smoke condensation absorption, before it, connect spiral of Archimedes shape passage (6); Below it, communicate with recovery oil pipe (10); Its inside is fixedly linked by pipeline and cold plate (8); Its back side is connected with flue gas ionizing purifier through jitty (12).

6. condensation adsorption according to claim 5 ionizes purifying oil fume treatment system, it is characterized in that having oil groove and oilhole on described cold plate (8), fluid under condensation can import in lubricating cup (11) along oil groove, uncooled oil smoke enters in sorbing material (9) by oilhole, and sorbing material (9) is arranged on oil smoke condensation absorption by mesh plate and reclaims in the inside of casing (7).

7. condensation adsorption according to claim 1 ionizes purifying oil fume treatment system, it is characterized in that the electro-dissociator (15) that described flue gas ionizing purifier purifies filter screen (14) and annular flue gas by oil fume-purifying box body (13), soot gas forms, oil fume-purifying box body (13) rear portion is connected to smoke exhaust pipe (16), and last treated flue gas is entered outdoor.

8. condensation adsorption according to claim 7 ionizes purifying oil fume treatment system, it is characterized in that described soot gas purifies filter screen (14) and is supported on oil fume-purifying box body (13) above, this soot gas purifies filter screen (13) and is enclosed in electro-dissociator (15) outside.

9. the application of condensation adsorption ionization purifying oil fume treatment system described in arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that the application in family's cooking fume is processed.

10. application according to claim 9, it is characterized in that utilizing the air multiplication principle in aerodynamics, the mode that adopts high-speed jet to form negative pressure realizes the collection to family cooking oil smoke, through high efficiency resin fibrous material condensation adsorption, reclaim and after the ionization of gas oil smoke purifies and decompose, reduce consume energy in by oil smoke harmless discharge.