CN103953330A - Deep well hydrocarbon reservoir temperature and pressure on-line integrated monitoring device and method - Google Patents
Deep well hydrocarbon reservoir temperature and pressure on-line integrated monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a deep well hydrocarbon reservoir temperature and pressure intelligent on-line monitoring device. A test plane and a transition plane are processed in the eccentric oil pipe, an optical fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is formed on the test plane through high-temperature bonding, one end of the optical fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is fixedly arranged on the test plane, and the other end of the optical fiber Bragg grating strain sensor passes through an optical fiber channel arranged between the test plane and the transition plane to reach the transition plane. One end, near the transition plane, of the optical fiber channel is connected with a stainless steel capillary pipe, the optical fiber penetrates into the stainless steel capillary pipe after being led out from the optical fiber channel, the stainless steel capillary pipe approaches to the transition plane and extends to a position near an optical fiber modem interface on the well, and the optical fiber is protected from being influenced by external severe environment in the whole process. The on-line monitoring device related by the invention realizes the deep well oil pipe structure integration, and has the advantages that the size is small, no additional auxiliary structure is adopted, the anti-interference capability is high, signals are stable and reliable, the response speed is high, and the like, and the on-line obtaining precision and the reliability of key information such as deep well hydrocarbon reservoir temperature and pressure can be obviously improved.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of deep-well oil-gas Layer temperature and pressure intelligent online monitoring device, specifically a kind of based on Fiber Bragg Grating FBG technology can be in the Deep Underground environment that exceedes 3-4km, to the device of the key parameters real time on-line monitorings such as oil-gas Layer temperature, pressure.
Background technology
Oil, as non-renewable strategic resources, is being related to a national economy and political security.Ensure that oil gas security provisions is the important energy strategy measures in various countries always.Well logging is requisite important step in petroleum exploration and development process.In the development process in oil field, people need to understand in production fluid or water filling steam injection process about the state of borehole fluid and the particulars of characteristic by well logging, and pressure and temperature are most important two parameters wherein.Strata pressure and temperature are the energy of development of fields, are also underlying parameters important in oilfield exploitation procedure.The height of oil-gas reservoir strata pressure and temperature, is not only determining the character of the fluids such as oil gas also determining the mode of oil-gas field development, technical characterstic and the financial cost of oil-gas mining, and final recovery ratio.Therefore,, concerning an oil gas field, in whole development process, all pay much attention to obtaining of these two underlying parameters of strata pressure and temperature in the exploration phase.The monitoring that realizes pressure and temperature in Oil/gas Well can reach following object:
(1) improve exploitation of oil-gas field efficiency.By measuring accurately and reliably Oil/gas Well internal pressure and temperature parameter, can provide information foundation for the formulation of oilfield development program and adjustment, analysis oil reservoir production and duty, prediction and analyzing oil and gas real estate energy etc., and then improve the production efficiency of oil gas field.
(2) improve oil gas field output.To the monitoring of Oil/gas Well pressure and temperature information, can reduce because exploiting caused crude oil loss under the state lower than bubble point pressure, find in time the separating phenomenon of oil reservoir, reduce and crude oil is clamp-oned to the crude oil loss that water layer causes because of superpressure in gas injection process, thereby improve the output of oil gas field.
(3) save oil-gas field development cost.Real-time oil-gas reservoir pressure and temperature monitoring can make Oil/gas Well occur must to arrive processing before major accident, reduce well workover and close well operations, greatly save oil-gas field development cost.
(4) shrinkage factor of control crude oil.Can make field management personnel control in time the decline because exploiting the reservoir pressure causing by real-time measurement Oil/gas Well internal pressure information, control the shrinkage factor of crude oil.
Along with the exploitation of oil field profound level, oneself mostly is the Complex Reservoirs such as low-permeability oil deposit, super Deep Reservoirs and inspissated pool to remain at present oil reservoir.For improving the final development efficiency of this type of oil reservoir, the stable yields volume increase of guarantee oil, at present oil field has been converted to the modes such as steam flooding, steam soak and combustion drive to the mining type of this type of oil reservoir, and this type of development scheme requires from steam injection, stewing well, send out and be sprayed onto the stages such as oil recovery and carry out overall process dynamic monitoring.Because oil well environment in these processes is very severe, monitoring system requires to have the features such as high temperature high voltage resistant, Real-time Collection, anti-electromagnetic interference, essential safety and volume are little.Traditional electronic pressure and thermometer, can not meet test needs, must adopt the optical fiber type pressure and temperature monitoring technology that is applicable to high temperature and high pressure environment.Fibre Optical Sensor logging technique is the logging technique that recent domestic oil play is paid special attention to always, and its advantage in well logging has obtained the consistent accreditation of each major oil companies of the world and oilfield service companies, has boundless application prospect.Oil/gas Well permanent fiber Bragg grating (fiber Bragg grating, FBG) sensing and monitoring system can be dynamically, in real time measured oil gas well is monitored, have high temperature resistant, be not subject to the advantages such as electromagnetic interference, corrosion-resistant, intrinsic sensing, receive gradually oil-gas field development and gerentocratic attention and concern.
" intelligent structure " concept of aerospace field is applied to petroleum exploration and development by the present invention.The design that acquisition system and oil pipe are integrated, makes structure can play the effect of normal tubing transmission oil gas, again can real-time perception feedback pressure and temperature parameter.This structure have structure/function integration, easy for installation, do not need to traverse to the features such as packer is following, real-time Transmission demonstration, solved well the on-line monitoring problem of deep-well oil-gas Layer temperature and pressure.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of deep-well oil-gas Layer temperature and pressure intelligent online monitoring device, specifically a kind of based on Fiber Bragg Grating FBG technology can be in the Deep Underground environment that exceedes 3-4km, to the device of the key parameters real time on-line monitorings such as oil-gas Layer temperature, pressure.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: it comprises the ingredients such as eccentric oil pipe, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, rigidity capillary tube, oil pipe protecting jacket and fiber-optic signal modem, host computer, supporting signals collecting and process software.On eccentric oil pipe, be processed with test plane and transition plane, in test plane, adopt high-temp glue to be bonded with fiber Bragg grating sensor, fiber Bragg grating sensor one end is fixed in test plane, and the optical-fibre channel of one end through test plane and transition plane arrives transition plane in addition.Optical-fibre channel connects stainless steel capillary near one end of transition plane; optical fiber penetrates stainless steel capillary from optical-fibre channel is drawn; stainless steel capillary is pressed close to transition plane, and extends near aboveground optical fiber modulation /demodulation instrument interface, and whole process protection optical fiber is not affected by extraneous adverse circumstances.Modulation /demodulation instrument is connected to host computer, is obtained fiber-optic signal wavelength and energy variation information and is automatically identified downhole oil gas-bearing formation temperature and pressure signal by supporting acquisition software.
While gathering deep-well oil gas, be installed on downhole packer top (as far as possible near packer) using eccentric oil pipe designed the present invention as the part on oil gas collection tube road, down-hole, the oil gas of downhole oil gas-bearing formation through collection pipeline upwards in transport process oil gas by the designed eccentric oil pipe of the present invention, because eccentric oil pipe and oil-gas Layer distance is very near, the oil gas temperature and pressure of eccentric oil pipe of flowing through is very little compared to oil-gas Layer actual temperature and decline of pressure, can ignore, therefore think the oil gas temperature of eccentric oil pipe of flowing through, pressure is exactly the temperature and pressure of deep-well oil-gas Layer, HTHP gas stream can exert an influence to eccentric oil pipe in the time of eccentric pipe, cause tube wall to deform, this distortion is to causing the energy and the wavelength that are pasted on the Fiber Bragg Grating FBG output signal in eccentric oil pipe test plane to make a difference, can set up the relation curve between oil gas temperature and pressure in fiber-optic signal variation-tubing deformation-pipe by simulated experiment on ground, therefore actual deep-well oil-gas Layer gas stream can change the temperature and pressure that identifies oil gas in pipe by fiber-optic signal in the time of eccentric pipe, namely obtain the temperature and pressure information of oil-gas Layer.
In the present invention, the Fiber Bragg Grating FBG sticking in eccentric pipe test plane has plural measuring point, particularly adopt three measuring points, can identify oil pipe different directions and locational distortion by an optical fiber, the temperature and pressure situation of change of oil-gas Layer can be accurately obtained in the coupling analysis of the supporting signals collecting software inhouse of multiple distortion process and each other correction simultaneously.Therefore, as without particular/special requirement, adopt the designed device of the present invention, only need an extension of optical fiber just can realize the deformation behaviour of multiple oil pipes position to down-hole and then obtain deep-well oil gas temperature and pressure information.
Due to Fiber Bragg Grating FBG in application process for to guarantee that transmission of signal needs the collimation that keeps certain accurately and reliably, the present invention has processed transition plane on designed eccentric oil pipe, after optical fiber is reliable bonding in test plane, lead to transition plane by the optical-fibre channel between test plane and transition plane, optical-fibre channel is provided with the stainless steel capillary of rigidity near transition plane one side, optical fiber is drawn the rear rigidity capillary tube that directly enters by passage, capillary tube after transition plane transition directly outside oil and gas pipes extends to well to protect its inner optical fiber not to be influenced by the adverse circumstances, guarantee precision and the reliability of the present invention for deep-well oil gas temperature and pressure data test.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of deep-well oil-gas Layer temperature and pressure Online integration monitoring device, it is characterized in that: comprise fiber-optic signal modem (1), host computer (2) and supporting signals collecting and process software, rigidity capillary tube (3) and intelligent oil pipe (6), rigidity capillary tube (3) is drawn behind ground, be connected to fiber-optic signal modulation /demodulation instrument (1), fiber-optic signal modulation /demodulation instrument (1) is sent to fiber-optic signal host computer (2) and processes the temperature and pressure information of obtaining deep-well oil-gas Layer by supporting signals collecting and process software by serial communication mode,
Described intelligent oil pipe (6) is mainly made up of eccentric oil pipe (10), oil pipe protecting jacket (12), top connection (18), lower contact (9) and optical-fibre channel (15), its lower contact (9) is connected with top connection (18) and downhole oil air pipe, and lower contact (9) is near packer (8) one sides; On eccentric oil pipe (10), there are two grooves, are used for placing Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (14) near the groove of lower contact (9), be used for drawing optical fiber near the groove of top connection (18), between two grooves, be provided with optical-fibre channel (15);
Intelligence oil pipe (6) is upper, by jointly forming an airtight test cavity between oil pipe protecting jacket (12), test plane (11) and intelligent oil pipe (6); It is upper that one end of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (14) is adhered to test plane (11) by high temperature optical fiber glue (13), and the other end of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (14) leads to transition plane (16) by optical-fibre channel (15); Optical-fibre channel (15) connects rigidity capillary tube (3) near transition plane (16) one sides.
Described rigidity capillary tube is stainless steel capillary.
Described rigidity capillary tube is fixed by fastening devices (4).
The Fiber Bragg Grating FBG sticking in eccentric pipe test plane has plural measuring point.
Between rigidity capillary tube (3) and intelligent oil pipe (6), adopt sealing-plug (5) sealing.
A kind of deep-well oil-gas Layer temperature and pressure Online integration monitoring method, it is characterized in that: the oil gas of oil-gas Layer (7) flows through eccentric oil pipe inner chamber (17) in course of conveying earthward by oil and gas pipes, HTHP oil gas will cause the test plane (11) on eccentric oil pipe (10) to deform and variations in temperature, it is upper that one end of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (14) is adhered to test plane (11) by high temperature optical fiber glue (13), and the other end of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (14) leads to transition plane (16) by optical-fibre channel (15); Optical-fibre channel (15) connects rigidity capillary tubies (3) near transition plane (16) one sides, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (14) by after drawing test plane (11) until be connected to the whole passage of ground light optical fiber signaling modulation /demodulation instrument (1) and be subject to the protection of rigidity capillary tube (3) always.
The present invention has following technical characteristics:
1, by the monitoring for repacking vitta structure strain and temperature, realize the bottom pressure and the temperature survey that in fracturing work process, act on stratum
2, bottom pressure and temperature monitoring are all realized by fiber Bragg grating sensor system, and complete whole multiposition measuring multiple parameters on an optical fiber
3,, on eccentric oil pipe architecture basics, oil pipe inspection of inner pressure structure and fiber-optic grating sensor seal protection structure have been processed in design, have ensured the survivability of optical fiber under tonometric sensitiveness and shaft bottom adverse circumstances
4, formulated epoxy jelly membrane E310A as fiber-optic grating sensor be applied to shaft bottom high temperature, the bonding adhesive of operating environment when long, ensured bonding reliability
The present invention adopts Fiber Bragg Grating FBG as temperature and pressure sensor, " intelligent structure " concept that is used for aerospace field is introduced to deep-well oil and gas gathering process, overcome in deep-well temperature and pressure signal acquisition process that transmission line is long, environmental disturbances factor is many, vibrate the multiple unfavorable factors such as frequent, realized deep-well oil-gas Layer temperature, pressure signal in real time, stablize and reliably obtain.
Main body of the present invention adopts eccentric oil pipe structure design, in the situation that ensureing to meet the requirement of deep-well oil and gas transportation pipeline, tube wall has kept enough space and the strong rigidity of structure to meet the demand of processing test plane and transition plane, make this eccentric oil pipe structure possess the dual-use function of oil gas conveying and temperature, pressure test by paste fiber Bragg grating sensor in plane in test, formed so-called " intelligent structure ".
The present invention in test plane outer setting protective casing, by eccentric oil pipe and protective casing performance protectiveness cavity, guarantee that optical fiber measuring point is not affected by external environment condition.Simultaneously; adopt exclusive rigidity Stainless Steel Capillary tubular structure; be not affected by the external environment and destroy by down-hole to aboveground whole process protection optical fiber, empirical tests, the present invention is going deep into down-hole 3-4km; pressure≤65MPa in oil pipe; oil jacket annular pressure≤40MPa, temperature≤150 DEG C, fracture acidizing technique fracturing fluid has corrosivity; impact shock under severe deep-well environment, can be stablized frequently for a long time, reliably working.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the installation site schematic diagram of the present invention in deep-well oil and gas gathering process.
The structural representation of Fig. 2 intelligence oil pipe.
Fig. 3 eccentric oil pipe structural representation.
Fig. 4 intelligence oil pipe body schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 optical fiber transition region sectional view.
1, fiber-optic signal modulation /demodulation instrument, 2, host computer, 3, stainless steel capillary; 4, fastening devices, 5, sealing-plug, 6, intelligent oil pipe; 7, deep-well oil-gas Layer, 8, packer, 9, lower contact; 10, eccentric oil pipe, 11, test plane, 12, oil pipe protecting jacket; 13, high temperature optical fiber glue, 14, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, 15, optical-fibre channel; 16, transition plane, 17, inner chamber, 18, top connection.
Detailed description of the invention
For a more detailed description to the present invention for example below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
In deep-well oil-gas Layer 7 oil and gas gathering processes, be installed on the position of down-hole near packer 8 using intelligent oil pipe 6 designed the present invention as a part for oil gas pipeline, the rigidity stainless steel capillary 3 that intelligence oil pipe 6 is drawn is fixed on oil and gas pipes by fastening devices 4, between rigidity stainless steel capillary 3 and intelligent oil pipe 6, adopts sealing-plug 5 to seal.Rigidity stainless steel capillary 3 is drawn behind ground, be connected to fiber-optic signal modulation /demodulation instrument 1, modulation /demodulation instrument 1 by serial communication mode by fiber-optic signal be sent to host computer 2 by the present invention the special signal process software of supporting exploitation process the temperature and pressure information of obtaining deep-well oil-gas Layer.
The factors such as the drawing of the stickup that oil pipe body design need to consider FBG sensor and protection, optical cable, oil pipe withstand voltage, oil pipe and being connected of general petroleum pipeline.
Due to down-hole spatial limitation, the space that the stickup that common vitta structure can not meet FBG sensor is required with protection, therefore oil pipe indoor design eccentric structure, as shown in Figure 3.Oil pipe overall length 490mm, maximum outside diameter is 108mm, the eccentric oil pipe that internal diameter is 58mm, eccentric throw 11mm.
In order to implant temperature/pressure on-line monitoring intelligent structure under FBG sensor completed well, design structure as shown in Figure 4 at eccentric oil pipe external surface, mainly comprised seal groove, temperature and pressure induction zone (FBG sensor is implanted region), optical fiber fairlead and optical cable transition region; Design upper lower union joint simultaneously eccentric oil pipe can be directly connected with common petroleum pipeline, used as oil pipeline.
The effect of two grooves on oil pipe:
(1) 160mm × 70mm groove, FBG sensor sticks on this region, as temperature and pressure induction zone, the tube wall of induction zone groove part is the thinnest is 8mm, can tolerate oil well maximum internal pressure, bottom surface is smooth bright and clean, and FBG sensor can not be subject to groove surfaces active force while stickup and bend, and ensures test result more accurately and reliably;
(2) 100mm × 60mm groove, draws for the transition of optical cable, guarantees that optical cable and optical fiber junction large bending do not occur and destroyed.
Eccentric oil pipe 10 is agent structure parts of the present invention's intelligence oil pipe 6, and it is connected with top connection 18 and downhole oil air pipe by lower contact 9, and lower contact 9 is near packer 8 one sides.The oil gas of oil-gas Layer 7 flows through eccentric oil pipe inner chamber 17 in course of conveying earthward by oil and gas pipes, HTHP oil gas will cause the test plane 11 on eccentric oil pipe 10 to deform and variations in temperature, one end of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 14 is by high temperature optical fiber glue 13 good bonding in test plane 11, and the other end of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 14 leads to transition plane 16 by optical-fibre channel 15.Optical-fibre channel 15 connects rigidity stainless steel capillary 3 near transition plane 16 1 sides, and Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 14 will be subject to the protection of rigidity stainless steel capillary 3 until be connected to the whole passage of ground light optical fiber signaling modulation /demodulation instrument 1 after quilt is drawn test plane 11 always like this.
On intelligent oil pipe 6; by jointly having formed an airtight test cavity between oil pipe protecting jacket 12, test plane 11 and eccentric oil pipe 10; can effectively completely cut off the impact that deep-well underground environment is tested for Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 14; rigidity stainless steel capillary 3, by down-hole to the aboveground impact of protecting Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 14 to be subject to environmental factor always, has been guaranteed the reliability and stability of apparatus of the present invention for deep-well oil gas temperature, pressure information test and transmission simultaneously.
By the designed deep-well oil-gas Layer temperature and pressure intelligent online monitoring device of the present invention, down-hole 3-4km can goed deep into through checking, pressure≤65MPa in oil pipe, oil jacket annular pressure≤40MPa, temperature≤150 DEG C, fracture acidizing technique fracturing fluid has corrosivity, and impact shock is frequently under severe deep-well environment, long-time stable, reliably working.
Claims (6)
1. a deep-well oil-gas Layer temperature and pressure Online integration monitoring device, it is characterized in that: comprise fiber-optic signal modem (1), host computer (2) and supporting signals collecting and process software, rigidity capillary tube (3) and intelligent oil pipe (6), rigidity capillary tube (3) is drawn behind ground, be connected to fiber-optic signal modulation /demodulation instrument (1), fiber-optic signal modulation /demodulation instrument (1) is sent to fiber-optic signal host computer (2) and processes the temperature and pressure information of obtaining deep-well oil-gas Layer by supporting signals collecting and process software by serial communication mode,
Described intelligent oil pipe (6) is mainly made up of eccentric oil pipe (10), oil pipe protecting jacket (12), top connection (18), lower contact (9) and optical-fibre channel (15), its lower contact (9) is connected with top connection (18) and downhole oil air pipe, and lower contact (9) is near packer (8) one sides; On eccentric oil pipe (10), there are two grooves, are used for placing Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (14) near the groove of lower contact (9), be used for drawing optical fiber near the groove of top connection (18), between two grooves, be provided with optical-fibre channel (15);
Intelligence oil pipe (6) is upper, by jointly forming an airtight test cavity between oil pipe protecting jacket (12), test plane (11) and intelligent oil pipe (6); It is upper that one end of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (14) is adhered to test plane (11) by high temperature optical fiber glue (13), and the other end of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (14) leads to transition plane (16) by optical-fibre channel (15); Optical-fibre channel (15) connects rigidity capillary tube (3) near transition plane (16) one sides.
2. deep-well oil-gas Layer temperature as claimed in claim 1 and a pressure Online integration monitoring device, is characterized in that: described rigidity capillary tube is stainless steel capillary.
3. deep-well oil-gas Layer temperature as claimed in claim 1 and a pressure Online integration monitoring device, is characterized in that: described rigidity capillary tube is fixed by fastening devices (4).
4. deep-well oil-gas Layer temperature as claimed in claim 1 and a pressure Online integration monitoring device, is characterized in that: the Fiber Bragg Grating FBG sticking in eccentric pipe test plane has plural measuring point.
5. deep-well oil-gas Layer temperature as claimed in claim 1 and a pressure Online integration monitoring device, is characterized in that: between rigidity capillary tube (3) and intelligent oil pipe (6), adopt sealing-plug (5) sealing.
6. a deep-well oil-gas Layer temperature and pressure Online integration monitoring method, it is characterized in that: the oil gas of oil-gas Layer (7) flows through eccentric oil pipe inner chamber (17) in course of conveying earthward by oil and gas pipes, HTHP oil gas will cause the test plane (11) on eccentric oil pipe (10) to deform and variations in temperature, it is upper that one end of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (14) is adhered to test plane (11) by high temperature optical fiber glue (13), and the other end of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (14) leads to transition plane (16) by optical-fibre channel (15); Optical-fibre channel (15) connects rigidity capillary tubies (3) near transition plane (16) one sides, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (14) by after drawing test plane (11) until be connected to the whole passage of ground light optical fiber signaling modulation /demodulation instrument (1) and be subject to the protection of rigidity capillary tube (3) always.
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