CN103949705B - Cavity feature web cycloidal helical composite milling processing method - Google Patents
Cavity feature web cycloidal helical composite milling processing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of cavity feature web cycloidal helical composite milling processing method, it is characterized in that first adopting spiral feed, secondly cycloid is adopted to carry out the cutting force of slotting when reducing the first cutter, 3rd, adopt screw processing cutter rail successively to process, adopt change spiral to carry out transition around the corner, continual curvature is changed, to avoid occurring the sudden change of cusp and machine direction and the cutting force sudden change that causes in cutter rail, ensure the stable of cutter load, reduce the vibration of cutter; The last corner circulation Milling Machining cutter rail that on the corner adopts is processed.The present invention can be used for the processing of difficult-to-machine material, and cycloid fluting reduces the cutting force of the first cutter, adopts become helical curve in Dao Gui corner, avoid the sudden change occurring cutter rail cusp and machine direction, make cutter rail smooth smooth-going, reduce cutting force, improve the crudy of surface of the work.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method of machine components, especially a processing method for cavity feature, specifically a kind of processing method adopting spiral feed, cycloid fluting, circular knife rail and corner circulation Milling Machining cutter rail cavity feature to be carried out to cycloidal helical composite milling on CNC milling machine.
Background technology
Cavity feature extensively exists in aircraft structure, and the method that the processing of cavity feature adopts at present is single/two-way broken line processing or adopts the mode of ring cutting to process.This method adds man-hour at the first cutter, belongs to the processing of full cutter.Cutting force is larger; There is the sudden change of cusp and machine direction simultaneously in cutter rail, cause the vibration of cutter.Affect crudy and the precision of piece surface; Due to the limitation of this cutter rail, be not suitable for difficult-to-machine material, as the processing of titanium alloy.
Consult prior art and document finds, Chen Xiaobing etc. are at academic journal " CAD and graphics journal " 2012, the paper that 21 (11) p1399-1404 deliver " utilizes the complex mesh curved surface circular knife rail generating algorithm of Harmonic Maps ", disclose a kind of circular knife rail generating algorithm, first the method adopts the method for Harmonic Maps to carry out parametrization to grid surface, then according to the parameter ring in residual altitude determination parametric grid, carry out " group match " between the parameter point of adjacent parameter ring, and calculate initial and accurate to angular dimensions helix successively, adopt the method for " Region dividing " to generate the grid surface circular knife rail of nothing interference fast on this basis, effectively can improve the working (machining) efficiency of plane cutting method cutter rail, and good crudy can be ensured.
Sun Quan equality is at academic journal " machine-building " 2003, the paper " the path of High Speed Milling generating algorithm research based on cycloid " that 41 (465) p12-14 deliver, disclose a kind of milling cutter rail generating algorithm, the method, for the feature of High-speed machining and actual requirement, proposes the cycloid cutter orbit making algorithm of applicable high-speed milling.It is high that machining of cycloid has stock-removing efficiency, removes material ranges large, cuts the advantages such as high hard material performance is good.
Wang Yuguo etc. are at academic journal " aviation journal " 2008, the paper " smooth Spiral Tool Path Generation for Pocket Milling " that 29 (1) p216-220 deliver, disclose a kind of generating algorithm of pocketing circular knife rail, the method generates helical form broken line by the equidistant polygon on linear interpolation die cavity border, then insert control vertex with the exponential function regularity of distribution, based on the B-spline curves that these control vertexs define, plan final cutter rail.Institute's Tool-path Generation does not need to be separated into a large amount of little straightway can be directly used in the high speed digital control system with NURBS interpolation function; Cutter rail can ensure that arbitrary order is continuous in addition, thus reduces the amplitude of variation of cutting force, avoids direction to suddenly change, improves working (machining) efficiency and machining accuracy.Above method is a kind of circular knife rail of design or cycloid cutter orbit making algorithm, can both well solve specific problem.But the overall processing of aircraft structure cavity feature can not be used for, also not be suitable for the processing of difficult-to-machine material simultaneously.
The cycloidal helical web milling method proposed in the present invention merges being used for processing the cycloid cutter rail of different characteristic, circular knife rail and corner circulation cutter rail, for the different phase of cavity feature processing, gives full play to the advantage of respective cutter rail.Adopt cycloid milling fluting can reduce the cutting force of the first cutter, circular knife rail adds the stationarity of cutter rail, avoid occurring the sudden change of cusp and machine direction and the cutting force sudden change that causes in cutter rail, corner circulation milling cutter rail improves the processing effect of corner, improves the crudy of surface of the work.The method is not only applicable to the processing of common material, has better processing effect for difficult-to-machine material.Wherein cycloid milling necking tool rail can be used for the processing of narrow deep trouth, and circular knife rail can be used for the processing of web.
Summary of the invention
The Tool in Cutting power that the object of the invention is for existing in existing cavity feature processing is large, the sudden change that there is cusp and machine direction in cutter rail causes cutter discontinuity, cause vibration cutting, affect the problems such as the crudy of surface of the work, invent the cycloidal helical composite milling processing method that a kind of efficiency is high, process steadily, be applicable to the cavity feature web of difficult-to-machine material processing.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of cavity feature web cycloidal helical composite milling processing method, it is characterized in that first adopting spiral feed, secondly cycloid is adopted to carry out the cutting force of slotting when reducing the first cutter, 3rd, adopt screw processing cutter rail successively to process, adopt change spiral to carry out transition around the corner, continual curvature is changed, to avoid occurring the sudden change of cusp and machine direction and the cutting force sudden change that causes in cutter rail, ensure the stable of cutter load, reduce the vibration of cutter; The last corner circulation Milling Machining cutter rail that on the corner adopts is processed.
Concrete steps comprise:
Step 1, according to cavity feature geological information, obtains the vallecular cavity degree of depth, arranges cavity feature cutting depth d, carries out axial stratification to cavity feature, obtains the driving geometrical curve of axial every layer of cavity feature;
Step 2, according to driving geometrical curve and the tool dimension information of the axial ground floor of cavity feature, obtains the initial machining of cycloid region of this layer;
Step 3, arranges machining of cycloid parameter, comprises cycloid radius of circle R
c, cycloid step pitch L
c;
Step 4, according to the initial machining of cycloid region of this layer, determines cutter spiral feed point;
Step 5, arranges the height of cutter spiral feed, cutting-in, the radius of spin and helical angle, generates cutter spiral feed cutter rail;
Step 6, according to the machining of cycloid parameter of setting, in the initial machining of cycloid region of this layer, generates machining of cycloid cutter rail;
Step 7, on the basis that axial ground floor drives geometrical curve and initial machining of cycloid region, the cutter according to setting is cut this layer of wide generation and is driven geometry bias curve, generates when driving geometry bias curve and leaves allowance at inner mold place;
Step 8, uses straight line to be connected with machining of cycloid cutter rail by driving geometry offset line;
Step 9, removes and drives the unnecessary straightway in geometry offset line junction, makes to drive geometry offset line to form helical form;
Step 10, adopts corner circulation milling cutter rail in helix corner and becomes helical curve and carry out transition, to ensure to ensure maximum and constant contact angle principle in process, avoid the sudden change occurring cutter rail cusp and machine direction;
Step 11, helix is discrete, obtain screw processing cutter location, and the generating tool axis vector of each cutter location is set, form screw processing cutter rail;
Step 12, after the processing of circular knife rail, still has residual in inner mold and corner, waits contact angle and Maximum Contact angle principle to process for these residual employings, generates corner circulation Milling Machining cutter rail;
Step 13, by spiral feed cutter rail, cycloid necking tool rail, screw processing cutter rail and corner circulation Milling Machining cutter rail combine, and form the processing cutter rail that the axial ground floor of cavity feature is complete;
Step 14, repeats step 2-13, generates the processing cutter rail of the axial every one deck of cavity feature;
Step 15, calculates withdrawing point, adds withdrawing cutter rail, forms complete cavity feature cycloidal helical web Milling Machining cutter rail together with above-mentioned axis every layer cutter rail.
The method of the axial every layer of driving geometrical curve of described acquisition cavity feature is: according to the vallecular cavity degree of depth and cutting-in, determine the number of plies that cavity feature is processed, by cavity feature web according to cutting-in, upwards be biased successively, obtain the web surface of the axial every layer of processing cutter rail of cavity feature, axially the concrete generation method of the driving geometrical curve of every one deck can refer to application number is 201110317973.4, and denomination of invention is the Chinese patent of " processing of aircraft structure cavity feature web drives geometry reconstruction method ".
The method in the axial every layer of initial machining of cycloid region of described acquisition cavity feature is: drive geometrical curve according to axial every layer, solve the length on each limit.When outline line is straight line, being directly straight length, when outline line is curve, is the air line distance of curve two-end-point.A shortest outer contour of length is obtained, hereinafter referred to as the shortest outline line according to the length on each limit.According to tool diameter D, determine the most long L=D+2*R of minor face of initial machining of cycloid region contour
c.Driving geometrical curve equal proportion be radially biased, the biased line length making radial innermost layer relatively short is L, if the processing of last web not to require etc. to cut wide processing, now the region of each Contour offset line composition is initial machining of cycloid region; If wide processing is cut in web requirement etc., then calculate the length of each constituent curve in radial innermost layer, find the constituent curve that radial innermost layer length is the longest, calculate this curve and this layer drives the distance a corresponding curve in geometrical curve, this layer is driven the biased a all inwards of other curves in geometrical curve, obtain new bias curve, then the region that these new bias curves form is initial machining of cycloid region.
The defining method of described cutter spiral feed point is: in initial machining of cycloid region, and be biased a tool radius inwards by the shortest Contour offset line and with the offset line that it is connected clockwise, obtain new bias curve, now doing radius is R
ccircle and two curves all tangent, the point of contact of wherein justifying bias curve corresponding to the shortest outline line is cutter spiral feed point.
The method of described generation machining of cycloid cutter rail is: be radially biased a tool radius inwards by unified for the outline line in initial machining of cycloid region, obtain new bias curve.From Tool advance point, along clockwise direction, according to cycloid step pitch, take turns doing cycloid circle tangent with new bias curve, adopt minor radius cycloid circle around the corner and become helical curve and cut transition.If machining of cycloid is after one week, initial machining of cycloid region still has surplus not cut, then continued to be biased inwards by initial machining of cycloid region contour line, proceed machining of cycloid according to the method described above, until initial machining of cycloid region processing is complete.
The method of attachment of described driving geometry offset line and machining of cycloid cutter rail is: in machining of cycloid region, after completing machining of cycloid, cutter from machining of cycloid end point according to the direction of motion before cutter by straight transitions to a certain bar curve m initial machining of cycloid region contour offset line, be rotated clockwise to the curve n in the initial machining of cycloid region contour offset line connected counterclockwise with curve m along initial machining of cycloid region contour offset line, drive geometry offset line by straight transitions to last one deck at the clockwise breakpoint place of curve n.In like manner driving the clockwise breakpoint place of driving geometry offset line corresponding with curve n in geometry offset line to adopt to use the same method at every one deck drives geometry offset line to carry out transition with lower one deck.
Described removal drives the unnecessary straightway in geometry offset line junction, make to drive geometry offset line to form spiral helicine method and be: on the curve m in initial machining of cycloid region contour offset line, the tie point of same transitional straight and the curved section counterclockwise between end points are removed.In like manner drive in curve corresponding with curve m in geometry offset line at the every one deck of radial direction, remove the tie point of same transitional straight and the curved section counterclockwise between end points, make to drive geometry offset line to form helical form.
Described helix corner adopt become method that helical curve carries out transition into: for avoiding occurring the sudden change of cutter cusp and machine direction, adopt around the corner and become helical curve the continual curvature of corner change, change helical curve maximum curvature is set to R;
Described residual in cavity feature inner mold and corner, the method adopting corner circulation Milling Machining cutter rail to carry out processing is: the method for solving of concrete cutter rail can application reference number be 201310001740.2, and denomination of invention is the Chinese patent application of " cavity feature inner mold corner integration method for fine finishing ".
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention passes through the cycloid cutter rail being used for processing different characteristic, circular knife rail and corner circulation cutter rail to merge, and for the different phase of cavity feature web processing, has given full play to the advantage of various cutter rail.Adopt cycloid milling fluting can reduce the cutting force of the first cutter, circular knife rail adds the stationarity of cutter rail, avoid occurring the sudden change of cusp and machine direction and the cutting force sudden change that causes in cutter rail, corner circulation milling cutter rail improves the processing effect of corner, improves the crudy of surface of the work.The present invention is not only applicable to the processing of common material, has better processing effect for difficult-to-machine material.Wherein cycloid milling necking tool rail can be used for the processing of narrow deep trouth, and circular knife rail can be used for the processing of web.
Owing to adopting cycloid to slot, reduce cutting force during cutter the first cutter; Adopt circular knife rail to process, adopt change spiral to carry out transition around the corner, continual curvature is changed, avoid the sudden change occurring cusp and machine direction in cutter rail and the cutting force caused suddenlys change, ensure that the stable of cutter load, reduce the vibration of cutter, be applicable to High-speed machining; On the corner adopt corner circulation Milling Machining cutter rail to process, improve Tool in Cutting power, improve the crudy of surface of the work.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is cavity feature cycloidal helical web milling cutter rail procedure of processing of the present invention and generates method flow diagram.
Fig. 2 is Typical Aircraft structural member cavity feature schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is cutter rail further explanatory drawings of the present invention; In figure, 1 is cavity feature; Curve 2 is corner circulation Milling Machining cutter rail; Circle 3 is spiral feed cutter rail; Curve 4 is machining of cycloid cutter rail; Wire frame 5 is initial machining of cycloid region; Curve 6 is screw processing cutter rail; Point A is cutter spiral feed point, from A point, processes along initial machining of cycloid cutter rail 4, processes afterwards along helix 6, until B point, along circular arc BC, straight line CD and circular arc DE, start to carry out corner circulation Milling Machining along curve 2 after E point.
Fig. 4 is initial machining of cycloid cutter rail schematic diagram; From A point, process along cycloid circle H, after A point, linearly AI, circular arc IJ and straight line JK process, at K point, process along cycloid circle L, after K point, linearly KM processing, at M point, process along cycloid circle N, after M point, linearly MO, circular arc OP, straight line PQ, circular arc QR, straight line RS, circular arc ST, straight line TA arrive A point and complete initial machining of cycloid.
Fig. 5 is the stereogram of screw thread cycloid composite milling of the present invention processing cutter rail.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
As Figure 1-5.
A kind of cycloidal helical composite milling processing method of trench structure part, first, by cavity feature along cutter shaft to carrying out layering, the processing obtaining every layer drives geometry, initial machining of cycloid region and spiral feed point is calculated according to tool-information, adopt spiral feed, secondly, in initial machining of cycloid region, generate cycloid cutter rail; Then wide driving geometrical line to be biased according to cutting of setting, to obtain a series of driving geometry offset line; Driving geometry offset line is connected with cycloid cutter rail, and offset line is processed into helical form, form circular knife rail, adopt cycloid to carry out the cutting force of slotting when reducing the first cutter, the 3rd, screw processing cutter rail is adopted successively to process, adopt around the corner and become spiral and carry out transition, continual curvature change, to avoid occurring the sudden change of cusp and machine direction in cutter rail, the cutting force that causes suddenlys change, ensure the stable of cutter load, reduce the vibration of cutter; Finally, circulation milling cutter rail is adopted to process in inner mold and corner.The stereogram of cutter rail as shown in Figure 5.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is a Typical Aircraft structural member cavity feature and machining path schematic diagram, and details are as follows.
The whole procedure of processing of the cycloidal helical composite milling processing method of the trench structure part of the present embodiment is as shown in Figure 1:
Step 1, according to cavity feature geological information, obtains vallecular cavity degree of depth D
p=17, cavity feature cutting depth d=3 is set, according to the vallecular cavity degree of depth and cutting-in, determines cavity feature axially processing number of plies n=|D
p/ d+1|.By cavity feature web according to hierarchy number and cutting-in, be upwards biased successively, obtain the web surface of the axial every layer of processing cutter rail of cavity feature.The concrete generation method of the driving geometrical curve of axis every layer can be 201110317973.4 with reference to application number, and denomination of invention is the Chinese patent of " processing of aircraft structure cavity feature web drives geometry reconstruction method ";
Step 2, according to driving geometrical curve and the tool dimension information of the axial ground floor of cavity feature, obtains the initial machining of cycloid region of this layer.Drive geometrical curve according to this layer, solve the length of each driving geometrical line.When driving geometrical line to be straight line, solve the length of straight line; When driving geometrical line to be curve, first obtaining the two-end-point of curve, trying to achieve the air line distance of two-end-point, being composed the length of side into driving geometrical line.After trying to achieve all driving geometrical line length of sides, obtain the driving geometrical line that the length of side is the shortest, hereinafter referred to as the shortest driving geometrical line;
Setting cycloid radius of circle R
cbe 2.5, according to tool radius R=6, determine the most long L=D+2*R of minor face of initial machining of cycloid region contour
c=17.According to part Cutter coordinate system, obtain the interior normal direction driving geometrical line, first the distance will geometrical line being driven to be biased δ+R inwards, obtain radial ground floor and drive geometry offset line, this time biased object is after making screw processing, leave the surplus of δ at profile place, cut finally by corner circulation Milling Machining cutter rail, getting δ is here 3;
Driven by ground floor geometry offset line radially to carry out equal proportion to be inwards biased, the length making offset line corresponding to the shortest driving geometrical line is L, if the processing of last web not to require etc. to cut wide processing, now the region of each Contour offset line composition is initial machining of cycloid region; To the method that ground floor drives geometry offset line to carry out equal proportion biased be wherein: calculate the length that radial ground floor drives geometry offset line.Find a shortest offset line, its length is L
min=41, time biased this outline line inwards offset or dish be σ, then all the other offset lines offset or dish is inwards σ * L
min/ L
0, wherein L
0for all the other offset line length, the longest one is 56.Radial ground floor drives the method for solving of geometry offset line length with driving the method for solving of geometrical line length identical.When this layer drives geometrical line to be circular, drive geometry offset line to be biased radial ground floor, until when the diameter of a circle of offset line composition is L, now drive the region of geometry offset line composition to be initial machining of cycloid region;
If wide processing is cut in web requirement etc., then calculate the length of each constituent curve in radial innermost layer, find the constituent curve that radial innermost layer length is the longest, calculate this curve and this layer drives the distance a corresponding curve in geometrical curve, this layer is driven the biased a all inwards of other curves in geometrical curve, obtain new bias curve, then the region that these new bias curves form is initial machining of cycloid region;
Step 3, arranges machining of cycloid parameter, comprises cycloid radius of circle R
c=2.5, cycloid step pitch L
c=2;
Step 4, according to the initial machining of cycloid region of this layer, determines cutter spiral feed point; In initial machining of cycloid region, be biased a tool radius R=6 inwards by the shortest outline line in initial machining of cycloid region and with the outline line that it is connected clockwise, obtain new bias curve.Be R as radius in initial machining of cycloid region
cthe circle of=2.5 and two new bias curves all tangent, then this circle is cutter spiral feed point with the point of contact of the bias curve corresponding with the shortest outline line in initial machining of cycloid region;
Step 5, arranges the height of cutter spiral feed, cutting-in, the radius of spin and helical angle, generates cutter spiral feed cutter rail;
Step 6, according to the machining of cycloid parameter of setting, in the initial machining of cycloid region of axial ground floor, generates machining of cycloid cutter rail; According to the initial machining of cycloid region obtained, by the outline line in this region biased tool radius R=6 inwards, obtain new bias curve, i.e. initial machining of cycloid region contour offset line.From cutter spiral feed point, along clockwise direction, according to cycloid step pitch and the maximum cycloid radius of circle of setting, make cycloid circle successively tangent with new bias curve, around the corner, cycloid circle is all tangent with the bias curve of both sides, turning.
In order to remove more material, change helical curve is adopted to carry out transition around the corner, as shown in Figure 4.The maximum curvature radius becoming helical curve is set to the half of minor radius cycloid radius of circle, i.e. R
c/ 2=1.25.Initial machining of cycloid region contour line, after one week, if still have surplus not cut in initial machining of cycloid region, is then continued biased R+2R inwards by machining of cycloid
c=11, obtain new bias curve, proceed machining of cycloid according to the method described above, until initial machining of cycloid region processing is complete;
Step 7, on the basis that axial ground floor drives geometrical curve and initial machining of cycloid region, the cutter according to setting is cut the axial ground floor of wide generation and is driven geometry bias curve, generates when driving geometry bias curve and leaves allowance at inner mold place; The radial ground floor obtained in step 2 drives on geometry offset line basis, and wide σ=4 cut by the cutter according to setting, are biased.If web not to require etc. to cut wide processing, the method for equal proportion is adopted to drive geometry offset line to be radially biased inwards to radial ground floor.Equal proportion biasing means is identical with step 2, and find radial ground floor to drive an offset line the shortest in geometry offset line, its length is L
min=41, when biased, the offset or dish of this offset line is σ, and the offset or dish of all the other offset lines is σ * L
min/ L
0, wherein L
0for offset line length, in this example L
0=56.Obtain the radial second layer according to above-mentioned offset or dish and drive geometry offset line.
If wide processing is cut in web requirement etc., then the distance that radial ground floor drives geometry offset line to be biased inwards is σ, obtains the radial second layer and drive geometry offset line.
In like manner drive geometrical line to be radially biased inwards radial ground floor successively, until the distance of radial last one deck offset line and initial machining of cycloid region contour offset line is less than offset or dish, obtain the driving geometry offset line of radial all layers;
Step 8, uses straight line to be connected with machining of cycloid cutter rail by driving geometry offset line; In machining of cycloid region, after completing machining of cycloid, cutter from machining of cycloid end point according to the direction of motion before cutter by straight transitions to the curve m initial machining of cycloid region contour offset line, be rotated clockwise to the curve n in the initial machining of cycloid region contour offset line connected counterclockwise with curve m along initial machining of cycloid region contour offset line, drive geometry offset line by straight transitions to radial last one deck at the clockwise breakpoint place of curve n.In like manner driving the clockwise end points place of driving geometry bias curve corresponding with curve n in geometry offset line to adopt to use the same method at the every one deck of radial direction drives geometry offset line to carry out transition with one deck under radial direction;
Step 9, removes and drives the unnecessary straightway in geometry offset line junction, makes to drive geometry offset line to form helical form; On curve m in initial machining of cycloid region contour offset line, the tie point of same transitional straight and the curved section counterclockwise between end points are removed.In like manner drive in curve corresponding with curve m in geometry offset line at the every one deck of radial direction, remove the tie point of same transitional straight and the curved section counterclockwise between end points, make to drive geometry offset line to form helical form;
Step 10, adopts corner circulation milling cutter rail in helix corner and becomes helical curve and carry out transition, to ensure to ensure maximum and constant contact angle principle in process, avoid the sudden change occurring cutter rail cusp and machine direction;
Calculate the angle theta that corner's both sides curve is tangential, setting corner circulation milling cutter rail maximum angle α, if θ > is α, then adds corner circulation milling cutter rail, otherwise does not add.In this example, θ=90 °, α=120 °, the corner circulation milling cutter rail number of plies is determined by the Maximum Contact angle set and tool radius, specific algorithm is 201310001740.2 with reference to application number, and denomination of invention is the Chinese patent application of " cavity feature inner mold corner integration method for fine finishing "; Also adopt change helical curve that the continual curvature of corner is changed around the corner, become helical curve maximum curvature and be set to R;
Step 11, helix is discrete, obtain screw processing cutter location, and the generating tool axis vector of each cutter location is set, form screw processing cutter rail;
Step 12, after the processing of circular knife rail, still has residual in inner mold and corner, waits contact angle and Maximum Contact angle principle to process for these residual employings, generates corner circulation Milling Machining cutter rail; The method for solving of corner circulation Milling Machining cutter rail can referenced patent " cavity feature inner mold corner integration method for fine finishing ";
Step 13, by spiral feed cutter rail, cycloid necking tool rail, screw processing cutter rail and corner circulation Milling Machining cutter rail combine, and form the processing cutter rail that the axial ground floor of cavity feature is complete;
Step 14, for five axial trough features, repeats step 2-13, generates cavity feature axially every layer of processing cutter rail; For three axial trough features, by axial for cavity feature ground floor processing cutter rail, be biased according to cutting-in, obtain the processing cutter rail of the axial each layer of cavity feature successively;
Step 15, calculates withdrawing point, adds withdrawing cutter rail, forms complete cavity feature cycloidal helical web Milling Machining cutter rail together with above-mentioned axis every layer cutter rail.
The concrete cutter path of this enforcement as shown in Figure 3.
The part that the present invention does not relate to prior art that maybe can adopt all same as the prior art is realized.
Claims (9)
1. a cavity feature web cycloidal helical composite milling processing method, it is characterized in that first adopting spiral feed, secondly cycloid is adopted to carry out the cutting force of slotting when reducing the first cutter, 3rd, adopt screw processing cutter rail successively to process, adopt change spiral to carry out transition around the corner, continual curvature is changed, to avoid occurring the sudden change of cusp and machine direction and the cutting force sudden change that causes in cutter rail, ensure the stable of cutter load, reduce the vibration of cutter; The last corner circulation Milling Machining cutter rail that on the corner adopts is processed; Specifically comprise the following steps:
Step 1, according to cavity feature geological information, obtains the vallecular cavity degree of depth, arranges cavity feature cutting depth d, carries out axial stratification to cavity feature, obtains the driving geometrical curve of axial every layer of cavity feature;
Step 2, according to driving geometrical curve and the tool dimension information of the axial ground floor of cavity feature, obtains the initial machining of cycloid region of this layer;
Step 3, arranges machining of cycloid parameter, comprises cycloid radius of circle
, cycloid step pitch
;
Step 4, according to the initial machining of cycloid region of this layer, determines cutter spiral feed point;
Step 5, arranges the height of cutter spiral feed, cutting-in, the radius of spin and helical angle, generates cutter spiral feed cutter rail;
Step 6, according to the machining of cycloid parameter of setting, in the initial machining of cycloid region of this layer, generates machining of cycloid cutter rail;
Step 7, on the basis that axial ground floor drives geometrical curve and initial machining of cycloid region, the cutter according to setting is cut this layer of wide generation and is driven geometry bias curve, generates when driving geometry bias curve and leaves allowance at inner mold place;
Step 8, uses straight line to be connected with machining of cycloid cutter rail by driving geometry offset line;
Step 9, removes and drives the unnecessary straightway in geometry offset line junction, makes to drive geometry offset line to form helical form;
Step 10, adopts corner circulation milling cutter rail in helix corner and becomes helical curve and carry out transition, to ensure to ensure maximum and constant contact angle principle in process, avoid the sudden change occurring cutter rail cusp and machine direction;
Step 11, helix is discrete, obtain screw processing cutter location, and the generating tool axis vector of each cutter location is set, form screw processing cutter rail;
Step 12, after the processing of circular knife rail, still has residual in inner mold and corner, waits contact angle and Maximum Contact angle principle to process for these residual employings, generates corner circulation Milling Machining cutter rail;
Step 13, by spiral feed cutter rail, cycloid necking tool rail, screw processing cutter rail and corner circulation Milling Machining cutter rail combine, and form the processing cutter rail that the axial ground floor of cavity feature is complete;
Step 14, repeats step 2-13, generates the processing cutter rail of the axial every one deck of cavity feature;
Step 15, calculates withdrawing point, adds withdrawing cutter rail, forms complete cavity feature cycloidal helical web Milling Machining cutter rail together with above-mentioned axis every layer cutter rail.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the method for the axial every layer of driving geometrical curve of described acquisition cavity feature is: according to the vallecular cavity degree of depth and cutting-in, determine the number of plies that cavity feature is processed, by cavity feature web according to cutting-in, upwards be biased successively, obtain the web surface of the axial every layer of processing cutter rail of cavity feature.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the method in the axial every layer of initial machining of cycloid region of described acquisition cavity feature is: drive geometrical curve according to axial every layer, solve the length on each limit; When outline line is straight line, being directly straight length, when outline line is curve, is the air line distance of curve two-end-point; A shortest outer contour of length is obtained, hereinafter referred to as the shortest outline line according to the length on each limit; According to tool diameter D, determine the most long L=D+2* of minor face of initial machining of cycloid region contour
; Driving geometrical curve equal proportion be radially biased, the biased line length making radial innermost layer relatively short is L, if the processing of last web not to require etc. to cut wide processing, now the region of each Contour offset line composition is initial machining of cycloid region; If wide processing is cut in web requirement etc., then calculate the length of each constituent curve in radial innermost layer, find the constituent curve that radial innermost layer length is the longest, calculate this curve and this layer drives the distance a corresponding curve in geometrical curve, this layer is driven the biased a all inwards of other curves in geometrical curve, obtain new bias curve, then the region that these new bias curves form is initial machining of cycloid region.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the defining method of described cutter spiral feed point is: in initial machining of cycloid region, a tool radius is biased inwards by the shortest Contour offset line and with the offset line that it is connected clockwise, obtain new bias curve, now doing radius is
circle and two curves all tangent, the point of contact of wherein justifying bias curve corresponding to the shortest outline line is cutter spiral feed point.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the method for described generation machining of cycloid cutter rail is: be radially biased a tool radius inwards by unified for the outline line in initial machining of cycloid region, obtain new bias curve; From Tool advance point, along clockwise direction, according to cycloid step pitch, take turns doing cycloid circle tangent with new bias curve, adopt minor radius cycloid circle around the corner and become helical curve and cut transition; If machining of cycloid is after one week, initial machining of cycloid region still has surplus not cut, then continued to be biased inwards by initial machining of cycloid region contour line, proceed machining of cycloid according to the method described above, until initial machining of cycloid region processing is complete.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the method for attachment of described driving geometry offset line and machining of cycloid cutter rail is: in machining of cycloid region, after completing machining of cycloid, cutter from machining of cycloid end point according to the direction of motion before cutter by straight transitions to a certain bar curve m initial machining of cycloid region contour offset line, the curve n in the initial machining of cycloid region contour offset line connected counterclockwise with curve m is rotated clockwise to along initial machining of cycloid region contour offset line, geometry offset line is driven by straight transitions to last one deck at the clockwise breakpoint place of curve n, in like manner driving the clockwise breakpoint place of driving geometry offset line corresponding with curve n in geometry offset line to adopt to use the same method at every one deck drives geometry offset line to carry out transition with lower one deck.
7. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described removal drives the unnecessary straightway in geometry offset line junction, make to drive geometry offset line to form spiral helicine method and be: on the curve m in initial machining of cycloid region contour offset line, the tie point of same transitional straight and the curved section counterclockwise between end points are removed; In like manner drive in curve corresponding with curve m in geometry offset line at the every one deck of radial direction, remove the tie point of same transitional straight and the curved section counterclockwise between end points, make to drive geometry offset line to form helical form.
8. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described helix corner adopt become method that helical curve carries out transition into: for avoiding occurring the sudden change of cutter cusp and machine direction, adopt change helical curve that the continual curvature of corner is changed around the corner, become helical curve maximum curvature and be set to R.
9. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described residual in cavity feature inner mold and corner, adopts corner circulation Milling Machining cutter rail to process.
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