CN104907617A - Zoning cutting-based five-axis milling method of centrifugal compressor impeller - Google Patents

Zoning cutting-based five-axis milling method of centrifugal compressor impeller Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104907617A
CN104907617A CN201510332310.8A CN201510332310A CN104907617A CN 104907617 A CN104907617 A CN 104907617A CN 201510332310 A CN201510332310 A CN 201510332310A CN 104907617 A CN104907617 A CN 104907617A
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machining area
blade
cutter
path
milling
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CN104907617B (en
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樊宏周
席光
王伟
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
    • B23C3/16—Working surfaces curved in two directions
    • B23C3/18—Working surfaces curved in two directions for shaping screw-propellers, turbine blades, or impellers

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a zoning cutting-based five-axis milling method of a centrifugal compressor impeller. The method comprises the following steps: inputting entity model data into a computer to complete the molding of an original centrifugal compressor impeller; defining a blade S(u, v) and a short blade Ss(u, v) in bi-cubic non uniform rational B-spline matrix form values; extracting the front edge line of the short blade and partitioning the blade S(u, v) into front and back parts Sl(u, v) and St(u, v), so as to obtain three sub machining zones; intelligently calculating the maximum diameter D1 of a cutter, selecting a cutter with circular angles and flat bottom as a milling cutter, and calculating the machining bandwidth of a rough milling stage; in the rough milling stage, planning the cutter position path with a triangle simulated method and calculating the cutter axis vector with a stationary cutter axis vector cutting algorithm; in the fine milling stage, smoothly linking the independently calculated cutter position paths of different machining zones, so as to realize fine milling of a runner; and finally, performing post-processing on the calculated cutter position paths and cutter axis vectors according to a used five-axis numerical control machine and performing practical machining on the five-axis numerical control machine.

Description

Based on the Centrufugal compressor impeller Five Axis method for milling that subregion is cut
Technical field:
The invention belongs to field of machining, be specifically related to a kind of Centrufugal compressor impeller Five Axis method for milling cut based on subregion.
Background technology:
Centrufugal compressor impeller, as the core component of high-performance turbo wheel etc., is widely used in Aero-Space, automobile boats and ships, field of petrochemical industry.The manufacturing technology level of these products is important symbols of a measurement national manufacturing capacity.It is a kind of prevailing technology realizing Centrufugal compressor impeller processing at present that Five Axis numerically-controlled precise cuts.
The blade of Centrufugal compressor impeller spatial warping can in whole impeller channel control flow check line tracking, there is high air dynamic behaviour.From the viewpoint of the cutting of Five Axis numerically-controlled precise, the feature of Centrufugal compressor impeller concentrates on that blade is thin, bending is large, yielding and material difficulty processing.In view of the Unpredictability that cutter shaft in himself space bending characteristic and process swings relative to workpiece, in working angles, along with the movement of point of contact, cutter-blade-chip is in contact and the dynamic changing process that departs from.And in the process of gas channel, how efficiently to excise unnecessary metal material is the key factor realizing the milling of whole Centrufugal compressor impeller high efficiency.So the problem such as point of contact calculating, interference detection, optimal tool orientation, is the research emphasis of its precision cutting aspect in working angles always.
A kind of subregion milling method of Centrufugal compressor impeller attempted by document " Chen; C.H.; Huang; W.N.; and Li; Y.W.2012.An integrated framework of tool path planning in 5-axis machining of centrifugal impeller with split blades.Journal of Intelligent manufacturing, 23 (3), 687-698. ".The method divides Centrufugal compressor impeller machining area, and segmentation completes the Five Axis milling to impeller blade.But, the method only simply divides machining area, for regional class cut feature extraction, different cut the connection of Path, the efficiently shaping of gas channel etc. between the solution of feature, each region and all do not do to consider, machining locus is mixed and disorderly, stock-removing efficiency is low, just the trial of a kind of primary stage.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of Centrufugal compressor impeller Five Axis method for milling cut based on subregion.The method is based on physical model space geometry feature and numerical control processing technology characteristic, obtain subregion gas channel and impeller blade high-efficient cutting Five Axis digital control processing cutter spacing track, the efficient overall milling of the complex partses such as Centrufugal compressor impeller can be realized, significantly improve the NC super machining efficiency of complex parts needed for various industry.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Based on the Centrufugal compressor impeller Five Axis method for milling that subregion is cut, comprise the following steps:
1) by the blade of Centrufugal compressor impeller, wheel disc physical model data input computer, original Centrufugal compressor impeller moulding is completed;
2) with bicubic non-uniform rational B-spline matrix form numeric representation blade S (u, v) and short blade S s(u, v);
3) extract short blade costa and rotate around the spindle, obtaining itself and blade S (u, v) intersection, blade S (u, v) is divided into front and back two parts S l(u, v) and S t(u, v);
4) machining area is divided into three sub-machining areas by each linear leaf of segmentation, short blade, represents respectively with the 1st machining area, the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area;
5) intelligence chooses the maximum dimension D of cutter 1;
6) choose band fillet flat-bottomed cutter as cutting tool, calculate and rough mill stage process bandwidth;
7) planning of Path is carried out;
8) calculating of generating tool axis vector is carried out;
9) the finish-milling stage, the Path linear light slot calculated separately is separately connect, realize runner finish-milling without machining area;
10) for used five-coordinate numerally controlled machine tool, postpositive disposal is carried out to calculating gained Path, generating tool axis vector, complete Centrufugal compressor impeller processing at five-coordinate numerally controlled machine tool.
The present invention further improves and is, step 2) in, definition blade S (u, v) by top to root to be v to, vane inlet to blade exit be u to, so blade S (u, v) bicubic non-uniform rational B-spline matrix form is defined as:
S (u, v)=vC i, 1(u)+(1-v) C i,n(u), 0≤u≤1,0≤v≤1, i=1,2 ..., m, m are positive integer;
Wherein U=(1, u, u 2, u 3); V=(1, v, v 2, v 3); C i, 1(u) and C i,nu leaf top that () is blade and blade root space curve;
(1, m) be position, short blade import costa place, definition short blade is S to definition k ∈ s(u, v), then short blade can be defined as with bicubic non-uniform rational B-spline matrix form:
S s(u,v)＝vC s,i,1(u)+(1-v)C s,i,n(u)，0≤u≤1,0≤v≤1,i＝k,2,...,m
Wherein: U=(1, u, u 2, u 3), V=(1, v, v 2, v 3), C s, i, 1(u) and C s, i, nu leaf top that () is short blade and blade root space curve.
The present invention further improves and is, step 3) in, with k ∈ (1, m) be benchmark, blade S (u, v) be partitioned into front and back two parts, be defined as S respectively l(u, v) and S t(u, v), then have:
S l(u,v)＝vC l,i,1(u)+(1-v)C l,i,n(u)，0≤u≤1,0≤v≤1,i＝1,2,...,k
S t(u,v)＝vC l,i,1(u)+(1-v)C l,i,n(u)，0≤u≤1,0≤v≤1,i＝k,k+1,...,m。
The present invention further improves and is, step 4) in, get a gas channel of impeller as whole machining area, definition S l(u, v) is runner front left blade, SR l(u, v) for blade on the right side of runner front portion and institute constraint be the 1st machining area; Definition S tblade, S on the left of the left back portion of (u, v) runner son the right side of the left back portion of (u, v) runner, blade and institute constraint are the 2nd machining area; Definition SR s(u, v) is blade, SR on the left of the right back portion of runner t(u, v) for blade on the left of the right back portion of runner and institute constraint be the 3rd machining area.
The present invention further improves and is, step 5) in, in the 1st machining area, define p lfor left side blade S l(u, v) upper any point, p rlfor right side blade SR l(u, v) upper any point, d l1for p land p rlbetween space length, then have:
d l1＝|p l-p rl|
Definition MINd 1for p land p rlbetween minimum space distance, then have:
MINd 1＝min(d l1)
Definition machining needs maximum tool diameter to be D 1, then there is Boolean relation formula:
D 1≤MINd 1
Therefore, maximum tool diameter D in the 1st machining area 1be determined for the maximum of above-mentioned Boolean relation formula;
Maximum tool diameter D in the defining method of maximum tool diameter and the 1st machining area in 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area 1defining method identical.
The present invention further improves and is, step 6) in, choose band fillet flat-bottomed cutter as cutting tool, definition fillet flat-bottomed cutter bottom surface straightway radius be d, radius of corner is r, then have:
r+d＝D 1/2
Definition is rough milled and is cut that maximum permission residual altitude is h, machined strip width is L, then have:
L = 2 2 · r · h - h 2 + d
Definition horizontal direction machined strip width is δ, curved surface to be processed is θ at the angle of cutting point place and horizontal plane, then have:
δ = L cos θ = ( 2 2 · r · h - h 2 + d ) · cos θ .
The present invention further improves and is, step 7) in, concrete step is as follows:
1) C is defined l, i, n(u) and CR l, i, nu () is both sides spoon of blade S in the 1st machining area l(u, v) and SR lthe intersection of (u, v) and runner bottom surface;
2) be δ according to above-mentioned horizontal direction machined strip width, by C l, i, n(u) and CR l, i, nu () each free both sides are to being biased δ along normal direction in the middle of runner, and to define these two bias curves be first group of Path line;
3) distance of existing both sides Path line at runner exit place is calculated;
4) if above-mentioned steps 3) distance be less than or equal to fillet flat-bottomed cutter diameter D 1, then show that cutter has traveled through and all standing machining area, calculate and terminate; If above-mentioned steps 3) distance be greater than fillet flat-bottomed cutter diameter D 1, then show the non-all standing machining area of cutter, enter step 5);
5) calculate above-mentioned steps 3) in the intersection point of existing both sides Path line;
6) if intersection point does not exist, both sides Path line produces principle to runner third side to biased δ according to first group of Path line, obtains other one group of Path line; If intersection point exists, remove the Path from tunnel inlets to point of intersection, obtain one group of feed point not at the shorter Path of tunnel inlets;
7) step 3 is returned), carry out the calculating of next group Path line, until cutter traversal also all standing machining area, calculate and terminate;
Further, the method for carrying out Path planning in the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area is identical with the method for carrying out Path planning in the 1st machining area.
The present invention further improves and is, step 8) in, the concrete steps of carrying out the calculating of generating tool axis vector in the 1st machining area are as follows:
1) calculating and distinguish all Path lines in runner is first group and all the other Path line two classes;
2) for first group of Path line, calculate by common slotting cutter side mill axial vector algorithm and enter step 8);
3) for all the other Path lines, according to Centrufugal compressor impeller geometric properties, the space vector of short blade import costa is calculated;
4) definition step 3) in space vector be generating tool axis vector in whole runner except first group of Path line corresponding to all Path lines;
5) substitute into tool diameter, shape, calculate real cutter point of contact track;
6) if cut as cutting without interfering, step 7 is entered); If there is the interference of local tool point of contact, fine setting interference point place generating tool axis vector is to avoid interfering, and cutter point of contact generating tool axis vector adjacent before and after corresponding fine setting is to realize smooth cut;
7) whole and whole Path, completes full runner and cuts;
Further, the concrete steps of carrying out the calculating of generating tool axis vector in the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area are identical with the concrete steps of carrying out the calculating of generating tool axis vector in the 1st machining area.
The present invention further improves and is, step 9) in, concrete steps are as follows:
1) determine finish-milling residual altitude and cutter, with the exit space curve of the 1st machining area for reference space curve, calculate and determine finish-milling machined strip width;
2) from both sides spoon of blade S l(u, v) and SR l(u, v), to runner intermediate bias, calculates the Path line of whole 1st machining area;
3) the cutter shaft contact line of whole 1st machining area is calculated;
4) analyze and partiting step 3) in the cutter shaft contact line terminal of the 1st machining area be defined as the cutter shaft contact line starting point of the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area respectively;
5) the cutter shaft contact line of the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area is calculated respectively;
6) with the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area exit for benchmark, judge whether finish-milling cutter travels through and all standing the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area;
7) if the non-all standing of finish-milling cutter the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area, in each comfortable region, calculate new cutter shaft contact line from both sides to intermediate bias and return step 6); If finish-milling cutter all standing the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area, then with step 4) in each point of contact be benchmark, link each bar cutter contact space curve, from the import of whole impeller gas channel to exported whole impeller channel fairing cut.
Relative to prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention is based on the geometric properties of Centrifugal Compressor Blades and the processing technology requirement of digital control processing uniqueness, will a kind of Centrufugal compressor impeller Five Axis method for milling cut based on subregion be proposed innovatively.First, with bicubic non-uniform rational B-spline matrix form numeric representation blade, and in conjunction with short blade geometric properties, machining area is divided into three sub-machining areas; In each sub-machining area, calculate maximum tool diameter, in Path wire gauge is drawn, propose a kind of " plan triangle " method, in generating tool axis vector calculating, propose a kind of " dead knife axial vector " method, realize efficiently rough milling; The Path linear light slot calculated separately separately by different machining area connects, and realizes runner fairing finish-milling.Overall efficiency of numerical control (NC) machining more than 30% is improved in equal accuracy requirement situation.Simultaneously, because the present invention adopts the Five Axis numerical-control processing method that " plan triangle " Path calculates, " dead knife axial vector " connects with all subregion Path linear light slot, both the formed precision of digital control processing can have been ensured, efficiently avoid again each axle in multi-coordinate NC Machining Process and change drawback frequently, cutting quality can be increased substantially and save the cost of charp tool in a large number, there is high social benefit and promotional value.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is certain Centrifugal Compressor Blades schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is certain Centrufugal compressor impeller schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the NURBS schematic diagram of Centrufugal compressor impeller blade;
Fig. 4 is the division schematic diagram of machining area;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that machined strip width calculates;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of " plan triangle " Path planning;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of each machining area dead knife axial vector algorithm;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that zones of different Path linear chain connects.
Detailed description of the invention:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing for the overall milling of certain Centrufugal compressor impeller Five Axis, be described in detail the present invention is based on the Centrufugal compressor impeller Five Axis method for milling cut subregion:
1. set up leaf model
Shown in Figure 1, by blade data input computer, complete the moulding of target blade.
2. set up impeller pattern
Shown in Figure 2, by impeller physical model data input computer, complete the moulding of target impeller.
3. with bicubic non-uniform rational B-spline matrix form numeric representation blade
Definition blade S (u, v) by top to root to be v to, vane inlet to blade exit be u to, so blade S (u, v) bicubic non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) matrix form is defined as:
S (u, v)=vC i, 1(u)+(1-v) C i,n(u), 0≤u≤1,0≤v≤1, i=1,2 ..., m, m are positive integer;
Wherein: U=(1, u, u 2, u 3); V=(1, v, v 2, v 3); C i, 1(u) and C i,nu leaf top that () is blade and blade root space curve;
(1, m) be position, short blade import costa place, definition short blade is S to definition k ∈ s(u, v), then short blade can be defined as with NURBS matrix form:
S s(u,v)＝vC s,i,1(u)+(1-v)C s,i,n(u)，0≤u≤1,0≤v≤1,i＝k,2,...,m
Wherein: U=(1, u, u 2, u 3), V=(1, v, v 2, v 3), C s, i, 1(u) and C s, i, nu leaf top that () is short blade and blade root space curve.
More than calculate available Fig. 3 to represent.
4. the division of cutting zone
With k ∈ (1, m) be benchmark, blade S (u, v) be partitioned into front and back two parts, be defined as S respectively l(u, v) and S t(u, v), then have:
S l(u,v)＝vC l,i,1(u)+(1-v)C l,i,n(u)，0≤u≤1,0≤v≤1,i＝1,2,...,k
S t(u,v)＝vC l,i,1(u)+(1-v)C l,i,n(u)，0≤u≤1,0≤v≤1,i＝k,k+1,...,m
As theoretical foundation, get a gas channel of impeller as whole machining area (impeller is rotation body structure, and the processing of remainder can rotate around the spindle a runner angle and repeat to process), definition S l(u, v) is runner front left blade, SR l(u, v) for blade on the right side of runner front portion and institute constraint be the 1st machining area (in figure for machining area 1); S tblade, S on the left of the left back portion of (u, v) runner son the right side of the left back portion of (u, v) runner, blade and institute constraint are the 2nd machining area (being machining area 2 in figure); SR s(u, v) is blade, SR on the left of the right back portion of runner t(u, v) for blade on the left of the right back portion of runner and institute constraint be the 3rd machining area (in figure for machining area 3).As shown in Figure 4.
5. rough mill the calculating of Path
With the 1st machining area for research object (the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area can use same step) realizes rough milling the calculating of Path.
(1) intelligence of cutter is chosen
Definition p lfor left side blade S l(u, v) upper any point, p rlfor right side blade SR l(u, v) upper any point, d l1for p land p rlbetween space length, then have:
d l1＝|p l-p rl|
Definition MINd 1for p land p rlbetween minimum space distance, then have:
MINd 1＝min(d l1)
Definition machining needs maximum tool diameter to be D 1, then there is Boolean relation formula:
D 1≤MINd 1
Therefore, maximum tool diameter D 1be determined for the maximum of above-mentioned Boolean relation formula.
(2) calculating of machined strip width
Be D at above-mentioned band fillet flat-bottomed cutter maximum gauge 1on the basis determined, in order to solve the problem of cutting sticky cutter, considering from processing technology, choosing band fillet flat-bottomed cutter as cutting tool.Definition fillet flat-bottomed cutter bottom surface straightway radius is d, radius of corner is r, then have:
r+d＝D 1/2
As shown in Figure 5, definition is rough milled and is cut that maximum permission residual altitude is h, machined strip width is L, then have:
L = 2 2 · r · h - h 2 + d
Definition horizontal direction machined strip width is δ, curved surface to be processed is θ at the angle of cutting point place and horizontal plane, then have:
δ = L cos θ = ( 2 2 · r · h - h 2 + d ) · cos θ
(3) planning of Path
In the planning of Path, the present invention proposes one " plan triangle " Path planing method, and concrete step is as follows:
1) C is defined l, i, n(u) and CR l, i, nu () is both sides spoon of blade S in the 1st machining area l(u, v) and SR lthe intersection of (u, v) and runner bottom surface;
2) be δ according to above-mentioned horizontal direction machined strip width, by C l, i, n(u) and CR l, i, nu () each free both sides are to being biased δ along normal direction in the middle of runner, and to define these two bias curves be first group of Path line;
3) distance of existing both sides Path line at runner exit place is calculated;
4) if above-mentioned steps 3) distance be less than or equal to fillet flat-bottomed cutter diameter D 1, then show that cutter has traveled through and all standing machining area, calculate and terminate; If above-mentioned steps 3) distance be greater than fillet flat-bottomed cutter diameter D 1, then show the non-all standing machining area of cutter, enter step 5);
5) calculate above-mentioned steps 3) in the intersection point of existing both sides Path line;
6) if intersection point does not exist, both sides Path line produces principle to runner third side to biased δ according to first group of Path line, obtains other one group of Path line; If intersection point exists, remove the Path from tunnel inlets to point of intersection, obtain one group of feed point not at the shorter Path of tunnel inlets;
7) step 3 is returned), carry out the calculating of next group Path line, until cutter traversal also all standing machining area, calculate and terminate.
Above-mentioned " plan triangle " Path planing method can represent with Fig. 6.
(4) dead knife axial vector algorithm
For " plan triangle " the Path line planned in above-mentioned (3), the present invention proposes the ablation algorithms of one " dead knife axial vector " targetedly.With the 1st machining area for research object, concrete steps are as follows:
1) calculating and distinguish all Path lines in runner is first group and all the other Path line two classes;
2) for first group of Path line, calculate by common slotting cutter side mill axial vector algorithm and enter step 8);
3) for all the other Path lines, according to Centrufugal compressor impeller geometric properties, the space vector of short blade import costa is calculated;
4) definition step 3) in space vector be generating tool axis vector in whole runner except first group of Path line corresponding to all Path lines;
5) substitute into the concrete technology such as tool diameter, shape parameter, calculate real cutter point of contact track;
6) if cut as cutting without interfering, step 7 is entered); If there is the interference of local tool point of contact, fine setting interference point place generating tool axis vector is to avoid interfering, and cutter point of contact generating tool axis vector adjacent before and after corresponding fine setting is to realize smooth cut;
7) whole and whole Path, completes full runner and cuts.
Above-mentioned steps is applicable to the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area completely.
In addition, consider that the outlet of the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area is relatively open, and dead knife axial vector range of choice is adjustable, in order to realize cutting more efficiently, can be leaned forward institute's acquisition dead knife axial vector in the 1st machining area an angle [alpha], realizes dragging cutter to process more efficiently.Concrete steps can represent with Fig. 7.
6. the link of finish-milling zones of different Path line
The Path linear light slot calculated separately separately without machining area is connect, realizes runner finish-milling.Concrete steps are as follows:
1) determine finish-milling residual altitude and cutter, with the exit space curve of the 1st machining area for reference space curve, calculate and determine finish-milling machined strip width;
2) according to above-mentioned " plan triangle " method, from both sides spoon of blade S l(u, v) and SR l(u, v), to runner intermediate bias, calculates the Path line of whole 1st machining area;
3) the cutter shaft contact line of whole 1st machining area is calculated;
4) analyze and partiting step 3) in the cutter shaft contact line terminal of the 1st machining area be defined as the cutter shaft contact line starting point of the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area respectively;
5) the cutter shaft contact line of the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area is calculated respectively;
6) with the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area exit for benchmark, judge whether finish-milling cutter travels through and all standing the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area;
7) if the non-all standing of finish-milling cutter the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area, in each comfortable region, calculate new cutter shaft contact line from both sides to intermediate bias and return step 6); If finish-milling cutter all standing the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area, then with step 4) in each point of contact be benchmark, link each bar cutter contact space curve, from the import of whole impeller gas channel to exported whole impeller channel fairing cut.As shown in Figure 8.
7. for used five-coordinate numerally controlled machine tool, postpositive disposal is carried out to calculating gained Path, generating tool axis vector, complete Centrufugal compressor impeller processing at five-coordinate numerally controlled machine tool.
Through theory calculate, practice processing comparing with traditional numeric-control processing method, for same size, same to blade profile, same to material, the overall milling of Centrufugal compressor impeller with process equipment, the present invention improves overall processing efficiency more than 30%.Simultaneously, due to the Five Axis numerical-control processing method that the present invention adopts the calculating of " plan triangle " Path, dead knife axial vector and all subregion Path linear light slot to connect, both the formed precision of digital control processing can have been ensured, efficiently avoid again each axle in multi-coordinate NC Machining Process and change drawback frequently, cutting quality can be increased substantially and save the cost of charp tool in a large number.
The foregoing is only one embodiment of the present invention, it not whole or unique embodiment, the conversion of those of ordinary skill in the art by reading description of the present invention to any equivalence that technical solution of the present invention is taked, is claim of the present invention and contains.

Claims (9)

1., based on the Centrufugal compressor impeller Five Axis method for milling that subregion is cut, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) by the blade of Centrufugal compressor impeller, wheel disc physical model data input computer, original Centrufugal compressor impeller moulding is completed;
2) with bicubic non-uniform rational B-spline matrix form numeric representation blade S (u, v) and short blade S s(u, v);
3) extract short blade costa and rotate around the spindle, obtaining itself and blade S (u, v) intersection, blade S (u, v) is divided into front and back two parts S l(u, v) and S t(u, v);
4) machining area is divided into three sub-machining areas by each linear leaf of segmentation, short blade, represents respectively with the 1st machining area, the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area;
5) intelligence chooses the maximum dimension D of cutter 1;
6) choose band fillet flat-bottomed cutter as cutting tool, calculate and rough mill stage process bandwidth;
7) planning of Path is carried out;
8) calculating of generating tool axis vector is carried out;
9) the finish-milling stage, the Path linear light slot calculated separately is separately connect, realize runner finish-milling without machining area;
10) for used five-coordinate numerally controlled machine tool, postpositive disposal is carried out to calculating gained Path, generating tool axis vector, complete Centrufugal compressor impeller processing at five-coordinate numerally controlled machine tool.
2. the Centrufugal compressor impeller Five Axis method for milling cut based on subregion according to claims 1, it is characterized in that, step 2) in, definition blade S (u, v) by top to root to be v to, vane inlet to blade exit be u to, so blade S (u, v) bicubic non-uniform rational B-spline matrix form is defined as:
S (u, v)=vC i, 1(u)+(1-v) C i,n(u), 0≤u≤1,0≤v≤1, i=1,2 ..., m, m are positive integer;
Wherein U=(1, u, u 2, u 3); V=(1, v, v 2, v 3); C i, 1(u) and C i,nu leaf top that () is blade and blade root space curve;
(1, m) be position, short blade import costa place, definition short blade is S to definition k ∈ s(u, v), then short blade can be defined as with bicubic non-uniform rational B-spline matrix form:
S s(u,v)＝vC s,i,1(u)+(1-v)C s,i,n(u)，0≤u≤1,0≤v≤1,i＝k,2,...,m
Wherein: U=(1, u, u 2, u 3), V=(1, v, v 2, v 3), C s, i, 1(u) and C s, i, nu leaf top that () is short blade and blade root space curve.
3. the Centrufugal compressor impeller Five Axis method for milling cut based on subregion according to claims 2, is characterized in that, step 3) in, with k ∈ (1, m) be benchmark, by blade S (u, v) be partitioned into front and back two parts, be defined as S respectively l(u, v) and S t(u, v), then have:
S l(u,v)＝vC l,i,1(u)+(1-v)C l,i,n(u)，0≤u≤1,0≤v≤1,i＝1,2,...,k
S t(u,v)＝vC l,i,1(u)+(1-v)C l,i,n(u)，0≤u≤1,0≤v≤1,i＝k,k+1,...,m。
4. the Centrufugal compressor impeller Five Axis method for milling cut based on subregion according to claims 3, is characterized in that, step 4) in, get a gas channel of impeller as whole machining area, definition S l(u, v) is runner front left blade, SR l(u, v) for blade on the right side of runner front portion and institute constraint be the 1st machining area; Definition S tblade, S on the left of the left back portion of (u, v) runner son the right side of the left back portion of (u, v) runner, blade and institute constraint are the 2nd machining area; Definition SR s(u, v) is blade, SR on the left of the right back portion of runner t(u, v) for blade on the left of the right back portion of runner and institute constraint be the 3rd machining area.
5. the Centrufugal compressor impeller Five Axis method for milling cut based on subregion according to claims 4, is characterized in that, step 5) in, in the 1st machining area, define p lfor left side blade S l(u, v) upper any point, p rlfor right side blade SR l(u, v) upper any point, d l1for p land p rlbetween space length, then have:
d l1＝|p l-p rl|
Definition MINd 1for p land p rlbetween minimum space distance, then have:
MINd 1＝min(d l1)
Definition machining needs maximum tool diameter to be D 1, then there is Boolean relation formula:
D 1≤MINd 1
Therefore, maximum tool diameter D in the 1st machining area 1be determined for the maximum of above-mentioned Boolean relation formula;
Maximum tool diameter D in the defining method of maximum tool diameter and the 1st machining area in 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area 1defining method identical.
6. the Centrufugal compressor impeller Five Axis method for milling cut based on subregion according to claims 5, it is characterized in that, step 6) in, choose band fillet flat-bottomed cutter as cutting tool, definition fillet flat-bottomed cutter bottom surface straightway radius is d, radius of corner is r, then have:
r+d＝D 1/2
Definition is rough milled and is cut that maximum permission residual altitude is h, machined strip width is L, then have:
L = 2 2 · r · h - h 2 + d
Definition horizontal direction machined strip width is δ, curved surface to be processed is θ at the angle of cutting point place and horizontal plane, then have:
δ = L cos θ = ( 2 2 · r · h - h 2 + d ) · cos θ .
7. the Centrufugal compressor impeller Five Axis method for milling cut based on subregion according to claims 6, is characterized in that, step 7) in, concrete step is as follows:
1) C is defined l, i, n(u) and CR l, i, nu () is both sides spoon of blade S in the 1st machining area l(u, v) and SR lthe intersection of (u, v) and runner bottom surface;
2) be δ according to above-mentioned horizontal direction machined strip width, by C l, i, n(u) and CR l, i, nu () each free both sides are to being biased δ along normal direction in the middle of runner, and to define these two bias curves be first group of Path line;
3) distance of existing both sides Path line at runner exit place is calculated;
4) if above-mentioned steps 3) distance be less than or equal to fillet flat-bottomed cutter diameter D 1, then show that cutter has traveled through and all standing machining area, calculate and terminate; If above-mentioned steps 3) distance be greater than fillet flat-bottomed cutter diameter D 1, then show the non-all standing machining area of cutter, enter step 5);
5) calculate above-mentioned steps 3) in the intersection point of existing both sides Path line;
6) if intersection point does not exist, both sides Path line produces principle to runner third side to biased δ according to first group of Path line, obtains other one group of Path line; If intersection point exists, remove the Path from tunnel inlets to point of intersection, obtain one group of feed point not at the shorter Path of tunnel inlets;
7) step 3 is returned), carry out the calculating of next group Path line, until cutter traversal also all standing machining area, calculate and terminate;
Further, the method for carrying out Path planning in the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area is identical with the method for carrying out Path planning in the 1st machining area.
8. the Centrufugal compressor impeller Five Axis method for milling cut based on subregion according to claims 7, is characterized in that, step 8) in, the concrete steps of carrying out the calculating of generating tool axis vector in the 1st machining area are as follows:
1) calculating and distinguish all Path lines in runner is first group and all the other Path line two classes;
2) for first group of Path line, calculate by common slotting cutter side mill axial vector algorithm and enter step 8);
3) for all the other Path lines, according to Centrufugal compressor impeller geometric properties, the space vector of short blade import costa is calculated;
4) definition step 3) in space vector be generating tool axis vector in whole runner except first group of Path line corresponding to all Path lines;
5) substitute into tool diameter, shape, calculate real cutter point of contact track;
6) if cut as cutting without interfering, step 7 is entered); If there is the interference of local tool point of contact, fine setting interference point place generating tool axis vector is to avoid interfering, and cutter point of contact generating tool axis vector adjacent before and after corresponding fine setting is to realize smooth cut;
7) whole and whole Path, completes full runner and cuts;
Further, the concrete steps of carrying out the calculating of generating tool axis vector in the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area are identical with the concrete steps of carrying out the calculating of generating tool axis vector in the 1st machining area.
9. the Centrufugal compressor impeller Five Axis method for milling cut based on subregion according to claims 8, is characterized in that, step 9) in, concrete steps are as follows:
1) determine finish-milling residual altitude and cutter, with the exit space curve of the 1st machining area for reference space curve, calculate and determine finish-milling machined strip width;
2) from both sides spoon of blade S l(u, v) and SR l(u, v), to runner intermediate bias, calculates the Path line of whole 1st machining area;
3) the cutter shaft contact line of whole 1st machining area is calculated;
4) analyze and partiting step 3) in the cutter shaft contact line terminal of the 1st machining area be defined as the cutter shaft contact line starting point of the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area respectively;
5) the cutter shaft contact line of the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area is calculated respectively;
6) with the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area exit for benchmark, judge whether finish-milling cutter travels through and all standing the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area;
7) if the non-all standing of finish-milling cutter the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area, in each comfortable region, calculate new cutter shaft contact line from both sides to intermediate bias and return step 6); If finish-milling cutter all standing the 2nd machining area and the 3rd machining area, then with step 4) in each point of contact be benchmark, link each bar cutter contact space curve, from the import of whole impeller gas channel to exported whole impeller channel fairing cut.
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