CN103949569B - A kind of preparation method of structural steel forging - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of structural steel forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN103949569B CN103949569B CN201410219676.XA CN201410219676A CN103949569B CN 103949569 B CN103949569 B CN 103949569B CN 201410219676 A CN201410219676 A CN 201410219676A CN 103949569 B CN103949569 B CN 103949569B
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Abstract
Present invention relates particularly to the improvement of the preparation method of a kind of structural steel forging, purpose is to provide and a kind of saves the energy, improves stock utilization, reduces production cost, the forging preparation method improved working conditions, employing steel scrap is raw material, high-quality molten steel is smelted at middle frequency furnace, carry out liquid forging the most on a hydraulic press, and about the 1200 DEG C demouldings；Upsetting on forcing press, base, finish forging, trimming immediately after the demoulding.The present invention utilizes molten steel heat energy, carries out liquid forging, in High temperature release, carries out forging molding, immediate quenching immediately, and centre need not reheating can complete forging production.Advantage is: stock utilization of the present invention is high, consumes energy low, and with short production cycle, production cost is low.Automated production can be realized, improve working conditions.Whole technical process is by some units, and combination completes whole production process on a flow production line.Between unit (operation), robotic arm, conveyer belt transmit blank automatically.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of structural steel forging, particularly relate to a kind of saving energy, improve material profit
By rate, reduce production cost, the forging preparation method improved working conditions.
Background technology
Produce automobile forging manufacturing technique method at present, be to be sawed into one section one section, then at stove with high quality round bar mostly
In be heated to about 1200 DEG C, on forcing press, carry out forging molding after coming out of the stove.This production technology stock utilization is low, power consumption
Height, production efficiency is low, and cost is high, and the production cycle is long, high to direct labor's technical merit relative requirement.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the forging that a kind of energy consumption is low, steel utilization ratio is high, production cost is low, labor condition is good
Preparation method.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the preparation method of a kind of structural steel forging,
Employing steel scrap is raw material, smelts into high-quality molten steel at middle frequency furnace, carries out liquid forging the most on a hydraulic press, and 1200
The demoulding about DEG C；Upsetting on forcing press, base, finish forging, trimming immediately after the demoulding, detailed step is as follows:
S1, select materials: choose the steel scrap of this technique applicable, do raw material；
S2, intermediate frequency furnace are smelted: put into by the steel scrap chosen and smelt into high-quality molten steel in intermediate frequency furnace；
S3, liquid forging: be incubated in the molten steel smelted is poured into the air pressure casting holding furnace of full argon；Again will
In holding furnace, molten steel casting carries out liquid forging in liquid forging machine mould, to carry out mould before casting being preheated to 150～
200 DEG C, the demoulding immediately when blank temperature is at about 1200 DEG C when；
S4, forcing press die forging: the high temperature blank after the demoulding is immediately fed into upsetting in forcing press, base, finish forging, cuts
Limit.
Preferred: to follow the steps below after the trimming technology of step S4: S5, immediate quenching: to utilize forging stock after trimming
Temperature, carry out Quenching Treatment.
Preferred: the forging obtained by step S1 to S5 is carried out temper.
Aforementioned arbitrary structures can be further preferred that in described S1 step, the steel scrap chosen be carbon structural steels
Or low-alloy structural steel steel scrap.
Aforementioned arbitrary structures can be further preferred that in described S2 step, after smelting molten steel, carry out Argon
Purify, improve Molten Steel Cleanliness.
Aforementioned arbitrary structures can be further preferred that the mould in described step S3 uses internal layer to be high temperature alloy
Composite die, casting cycle is cooled with circulating water mould, makes mold temperature control by regulation cooling water flow, pressure
Within 400 DEG C.
The method have the advantages that the present invention utilizes molten steel heat energy, carry out liquid forging, in high temperature (forging temperature
Degree) demoulding, carry out forging molding immediately, immediate quenching (uses when needing), above-mentioned technical process, and centre need not reheat i.e.
Forging can be completed produce.Utilize technique, as long as change ladle chemistry and mould geometry, size can produce tooth
The forging such as wheel, axle class, forked type class.Owing to the service life of liquid-state forging die is directly connected to production cost, it is preferred to use multiple
Mould, i.e. internal layer high temperature alloy, the general material in outside, quenched rear use；It is cooled with circulating water mould, cold by regulation
But discharge, pressure make mold temperature control within 400 DEG C.Above-mentioned way is greatly improved die life；Demoulding temperature
Degree, will coordinate with finish forging temperature, it is impossible to too low or too high；Final forging temperature is high, and calcining temperature should reduce, on the contrary demoulding temperature
Degree should improve；When starting to forge, all moulds are intended to be preheated to 150～200 DEG C；After the liquid forging demoulding, the calendering of blank is than answering
＞ 3.
It is an advantage of the current invention that:
1, stock utilization of the present invention is high, consume energy low (need not in the middle of in addition to tempering reheat), with short production cycle, produces
Low cost.Automated production can be realized, improve working conditions.
2, process above process is by some units, and combination completes whole production process on a flow production line.Single
Between machine (operation), robotic arm, conveyer belt transmit blank automatically.
Novel technique contrasts with existing Technology:
| Existing Technology | Novel technique | Novel technique effect | |
| Cost of raw and processed materials | High quality round bar is costly | Steel scrap → molten steel expense is low | Reduce about 15% |
| Utilization rate of raw materials | Steel utilization ratio about 85% | Molten steel Utilization rate about 95% | Improve about 10% |
| Energy consumption | Heating steel billet, blanking power consumption | Do not heat, utilize molten steel heat to deform | Forging per ton economizes on electricity more than 300 degree |
| Production efficiency | Controlled big by anthropic factor | Productive temp about 50 seconds | It is enhanced about more than once |
| Production cost | Production cost is high | Production cost is low | Reduce by more than 20% |
| Labor cost | Forger operates | About 80% robotic arm | Reduce about 80% |
| To operator's technology requirement | High | Low | Skilled worker |
| Investment | Low | High | Initial cost is higher |
Detailed description of the invention
The preparation method of a kind of structural steel forging, employing steel scrap is raw material, smelts into high-quality molten steel at middle frequency furnace, so
After carry out liquid forging on a hydraulic press, and about the 1200 DEG C demouldings；Upsetting on forcing press, base, end immediately after the demoulding
Forging molding, trimming, immediate quenching (just using when needing), detailed step is as follows:
S1, select materials: choosing the steel scrap of this technique applicable, do raw material, the steel scrap chosen is carbon structural steels or low-alloy
Structural steel steel scrap, this scrap resources enriches.Steel scrap in this step is by inspection, to determine its chemical composition kind and to contain
Amount, and then choose the applicable steel scrap raw material as this processes forging.
S2, intermediate frequency furnace are smelted: put into by the steel scrap chosen and smelt into high-quality molten steel in intermediate frequency furnace (high-quality molten steel refers to molten steel
Chemical composition kind and content all reach the requirement of forging to be prepared, meet standard GB/T/T3077-1999 requirement, useless
After steel smelting becomes molten steel, the chemical composition of molten steel is carried out real-time inspection, check and qualified be high-quality molten steel；Disqualified upon inspection
Being added by the chemical composition not enough to content, the chemical composition of content excess the mode such as is diluted and is adjusted, directly
Chemical composition to molten steel reaches requirement, becomes high-quality molten steel), the chemical composition of molten steel is with auto parts requirement material
Fixed.After smelting molten steel, carry out Argon purification, improve Molten Steel Cleanliness.
S3, liquid forging: be incubated in the molten steel smelted is poured into the air pressure casting holding furnace of full argon；Again will
In holding furnace, molten steel casting carries out liquid forging in liquid forging machine mould, to carry out mould before casting being preheated to 150～
200 DEG C, casting cycle is cooled with circulating water mould, makes mold temperature control 400 by regulation cooling water flow, pressure
Within DEG C, the demoulding immediately when blank temperature is at about 1200 DEG C when；Mould in this step uses composite die, i.e. internal layer
With high temperature alloy, high temperature alloy is preferably heated die steel 3W23Cr4 or H13, the general material in outside, and general material is preferably No. 45
Steel, quenched rear use, casting cycle is cooled with circulating water mould, makes mold temperature control by regulation cooling water flow, pressure
System is within 400 DEG C.
S4, forcing press die forging: the high temperature blank after the demoulding is immediately fed into upsetting in forcing press, base, finish forging, cuts
Limit；
S5, immediate quenching: after trimming technology, choose whether to quench part according to the requirement of forging to be prepared
Fire, quenching Step utilizes the temperature of forging stock after trimming, carries out Quenching Treatment, the temperature of forging stock after trimming, the most all ＞ 850 DEG C,
Utilize this temperature can carry out Quenching Treatment.
Parameter needs according to part, carry out temper to the forging obtained by above-mentioned steps S1 to S5.At tempering
Reason processing technique uses prior art means, and the temperature of tempering selects according to the requirement of forging to be prepared.
It is described further with steering knuckle forging below: knuckle material: 40C (GB3077-1999)
Part weight: 20Kg.
One, technical process: steel scrap → intermediate frequency furnace smelting → air pressure holding furnace → liquid forging → upsetting → base → finish-forging
Just use when in → trimming → (immediate quenching) → (tempering) bracket, operation is to need.
Detailed process process is shown in S1～S5.
Two, a production line main production equipments: 1 ton of intermediate frequency converter 3 (3 refining 2), 3 tons of air pressure quantitative casting insulations
One, stove, 400 t hydraulic press 3, electric screw press (630 tons, 1000 tons, 1600 tons) each one, 200 tons of trimming pressure
One, machine, heat treatment tank (cooling medium temperature control circulation).
Test of many times testing result be presented herein below:
Chemical component table (%)
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Cu | |
| Required value | 0.37-0.44 | 0.17-0.37 | 0.50-0.80 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | 0.80-1.10 | ≤0.3 |
| Measured value | 0.38-0.44 | 0.19-0.35 | 0.56-0.75 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | 0.85-1.05 | ≤0.2 |
Mechanics properties testing table (condition of heat treatment: quenched)
The knuckle forging produced according to above-mentioned technical process, through Dissection test the most repeatedly, chemical composition and mechanics
The requirement that performance all can be up to state standards.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention described in detail above.Should be appreciated that the present invention is to utilize the one-tenth of this area
Cooking technique: intermediate frequency furnace smelting, liquid forging, forcing press die forging, immediate quenching combination complete forging life on a production line
Produce；Decrease round rolling, saw material, heating process.Reach to save energy and reduce the cost, reduce cost, raising stock utilization, realization automatically
The purpose that metaplasia is produced, improved working conditions.Those of ordinary skill just can be made according to the design of the present invention without creative work
Go out many modifications and variations.Therefore, all technical staff in the art are the most on the basis of existing technology
By the available technical scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment, all should be defined in the patent claims
In protection domain.
Claims (3)
1. the preparation method of a structural steel forging, it is characterised in that: employing steel scrap is raw material, smelts into excellent at middle frequency furnace
Matter molten steel, carries out liquid forging the most on a hydraulic press, and about the 1200 DEG C demouldings；Upsetting on forcing press immediately after the demoulding
Forging, base, finish forging, trimming, detailed step is as follows:
S1, select materials: choose carbon structural steels or low-alloy structural steel steel scrap, do raw material；
S2, intermediate frequency furnace are smelted: put into by the steel scrap chosen in intermediate frequency furnace and smelt, the chemistry after scrap smelting becomes molten steel, to molten steel
Composition carries out real-time inspection, checks and qualified is high-quality molten steel；Being entered by the chemical composition not enough to content of disqualified upon inspection
Row adds, and the mode that the chemical composition of content excess is diluted is adjusted, until the chemical composition of molten steel reaches requirement, i.e.
Become high-quality molten steel；After smelting molten steel, carry out Argon purification, improve Molten Steel Cleanliness；
S3, liquid forging: be incubated in the molten steel smelted is poured into the air pressure casting holding furnace of full argon；Again will insulation
In stove, molten steel casting carries out liquid forging in liquid forging machine mould, to carry out being preheated to 150～200 by mould before casting
DEG C, the demoulding immediately when blank temperature is at about 1200 DEG C when；Mould uses internal layer to be the composite die of high temperature alloy, casting
During be cooled with circulating water mould, make mold temperature control within 400 DEG C by regulation cooling water flow, pressure；
S4, forcing press die forging: the high temperature blank after the demoulding is immediately fed into upsetting in forcing press, base, finish forging, trimming.
The preparation method of a kind of structural steel forging the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the featherer of step S4
Follow the steps below after skill: S5, immediate quenching: utilize the temperature of forging stock after trimming, carry out Quenching Treatment.
The preparation method of a kind of structural steel forging the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: to by step S1 to S5
The forging obtained carries out temper.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410219676.XA CN103949569B (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2014-05-23 | A kind of preparation method of structural steel forging |
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| CN201410219676.XA CN103949569B (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2014-05-23 | A kind of preparation method of structural steel forging |
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| CN103949569A CN103949569A (en) | 2014-07-30 |
| CN103949569B true CN103949569B (en) | 2016-09-14 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104894462A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-09 | 永仁县金风冶铸机械制造有限公司 | Preparation method of efficient multi-planar cylindrical steel forging |
| CN105671280B (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-12-08 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of manufacture method of deep-sea production tree critical component steel forgings |
| CN106011395A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-10-12 | 山东鲁联机械制造有限公司 | Heat treatment technology of alloy structure steel through remnant forging thermal quenching |
| CN106270357A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-04 | 芜湖市和蓄机械股份有限公司 | A kind of automotive hub and casting technique thereof |
| CN108774672A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-11-09 | 庆铃汽车（集团）有限公司 | A method of utilizing forging part waste heat rapid heating and quenching |
| CN113828756A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-24 | 石家庄腾鹄锻造有限责任公司 | Novel production process of steel casting |
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| JPS60247453A (en) * | 1984-05-21 | 1985-12-07 | Yasubumi Kosegi | Forming mold for liquid metal forging |
| CN1647871A (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2005-08-03 | 李远发 | Double controll one step forming method for metal liquid pressure casting and forging |
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| CN102416557A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2012-04-18 | 马鞍山市威龙科工贸有限公司 | Integrated production technology for ring cast forging |
| CN102699635A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 西南大学 | Liquid die-forging and rolling composite forming method for bearing ring piece |
| CN102861903A (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2013-01-09 | 吴玉荣 | Connecting rod liquid-state die forging process |
| CN103203602A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-07-17 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 | Production method of magnesium alloy hub |
| CN103230997A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-08-07 | 安徽安簧机械股份有限公司 | Production device and production technology for non-quenched and tempered steel forge piece automatic forging |
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2014
- 2014-05-23 CN CN201410219676.XA patent/CN103949569B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60247453A (en) * | 1984-05-21 | 1985-12-07 | Yasubumi Kosegi | Forming mold for liquid metal forging |
| CN1647871A (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2005-08-03 | 李远发 | Double controll one step forming method for metal liquid pressure casting and forging |
| CN101011792A (en) * | 2007-02-08 | 2007-08-08 | 范承祥 | Manufacturing method for annular forging piece |
| CN102861903A (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2013-01-09 | 吴玉荣 | Connecting rod liquid-state die forging process |
| CN102416557A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2012-04-18 | 马鞍山市威龙科工贸有限公司 | Integrated production technology for ring cast forging |
| CN102699635A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 西南大学 | Liquid die-forging and rolling composite forming method for bearing ring piece |
| CN103230997A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-08-07 | 安徽安簧机械股份有限公司 | Production device and production technology for non-quenched and tempered steel forge piece automatic forging |
| CN103203602A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-07-17 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 | Production method of magnesium alloy hub |
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