CN103949471B - A method of removing heavy metal Pb, Cd in oil crops dregs of rice cake using acylate - Google Patents
A method of removing heavy metal Pb, Cd in oil crops dregs of rice cake using acylate Download PDFInfo
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- CN103949471B CN103949471B CN201410195014.3A CN201410195014A CN103949471B CN 103949471 B CN103949471 B CN 103949471B CN 201410195014 A CN201410195014 A CN 201410195014A CN 103949471 B CN103949471 B CN 103949471B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods removing heavy metal Pb, Cd in oil crops dregs of rice cake using acylate.It is handled by the present invention, can effectively reduce or reduce heavy metal Pb in dregs of rice cake, Cd contents.The step of its method is：Dregs of rice cake after carrying oil using oil crops, using acylate as extractant, is dissolved in ethyl alcohol as raw material（Or methanol）It is configured to leaching liquor, using the heavy metal in the method removal dregs of rice cake of extraction, reduces the harm of heavy metal Pb, Cd to human body and animal.The side effect very little of dregs of rice cake after final process to human body and animal.Treatment process of the present invention is simple, of low cost, causes the possibility of secondary pollution small environment, is easy to carry out industrialized production, has important social and economic implications.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods removing heavy metal Pb, Cd in oil crops dregs of rice cake using acylate.
Background technology
Oil crops are the important sources of China's edible vegetable oil, vegetable protein and protein feed, the production of oil crops
It is occupied an important position in national economy and social development.China remains great powers in the world in terms of oil seed production for a long time
Status, major oil crops annual output is only second to the U.S., occupies second place of the world.Oil crops mainly have in China：Rape, flower
Life, sesame, castor-oil plant and sunflower etc..
It is shown according to latest survey, national soil environment situation totally allows of no optimist, and some areas soil pollution is heavier, arable land
Soil environment quality causes anxiety, industry and mining discarded ground soil environment outstanding problem.The human activities such as industry and mining, agricultural and soil ring
Border background value height be cause soil pollution or it is exceeded the main reason for.And heavy metal in soil too high levels not only can be to crops
Certain harm is caused, and human health can be seriously affected by the accumulation of food chain amplification, threatens the life security of the mankind.
Currently, mainly there are physico-chemical process, phytoremediation, microorganism remediation etc. in terms of administering heavy metal pollution of soil.And it is traditional
Although physical method effect it is good, its is of high cost, it is difficult to manage, can bring secondary pollution；It is at low cost, can be widely applied
And environmental-friendly phytoremediation becomes the important means of soil sanitation；However repair the plant that speed is slow, can be used to repair
Also become phytoremediation limitation without economic value mostly, and oil crops not only have heavy metal certain tolerance and product
Tired ability, and its crop and product are indispensable a kind of valuable sources in people's daily life, in national economy and society
It is occupied an important position in developing.
Although oil crops have heavy-metal contaminated soil certain repair, had accumulated in fruit a certain amount of
Heavy metal.Oily verification is carried to the fruit of heavy metal pollution oil crops by organic solvent, the content of beary metal in oil is very few,
Meet national edible oil standard, heavy metal is largely accumulated in the dregs of rice cake after carrying oil, and in dregs of rice cake containing abundant protein and
Amino acid, is good feed and nutriment, thus the scientific and reasonable dregs of rice cake using oil crops have important society and
Economic implications.Up to now, the removal of heavy metal in dregs of rice cake is not had been reported that.Leaching liquor used in the present invention to lead, cadmium have compared with
Good removing effect, this is significant to ensureing the quality safety of the protein feed in China.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sides removing heavy metal Pb, Cd in oil crops dregs of rice cake using acylate
Method.
It is provided by the invention removal oil crops dregs of rice cake in heavy metal Pb, Cd method and step be：
1）Weigh the ethyl alcohol that a certain amount of machine hydrochlorate is dissolved in 30% ~ 80%（Or methanol）Solution fully shakes up dissolving, prepares
The ethyl alcohol of 5mmol/L ~ 50mmol/L（Or methanol）Leaching liquor；
2）It weighs dried 1 ~ 10g of dregs of rice cake powder to be placed in clean conical flask or centrifugal bottle, 10 ~ 100ml is added and matches
The ethyl alcohol set（Or methanol）Then leaching liquor places oscillation inside constant temperature oscillator（Temperature range is 25 ~ 30 DEG C）Or in rolling
Motivation turning in rolls, and the time of setting is 3 ~ 24 hours, repeats extraction 1-3 times；
3）Step（2）After the completion, the dregs of rice cake after filtering or centrifugal dehydration are extracted, is placed in constant temperature blast drying oven,
In 40 ~ 70 DEG C of dryings, analysis is then measured to it, this method processing can effectively reduce or reduce heavy metal in dregs of rice cake
The content of Pb, Cd；
4）Ethyl alcohol（Or methanol）Recycling.Extract liquor is distilled to recover ethyl alcohol（Or methanol）, the huge sum of money in remaining residue
Belong to further disposition.
Described acylate is the one kind such as potassium citrate, sodium citrate, potassium tartrate, sodium tartrate, natrium malicum.
Described dried dregs of rice cake powder is rape dregs of rice cake, peanut meal cake, sesame seed meal cake, oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dregs of rice cake, Castor seed Meal cake
It is a kind of.
Described ethyl alcohol（Or methanol）It is recovered as distillation condensing recovery.
The present invention is using dregs of rice cakes such as rape dregs of rice cake, peanut meal cake sesame seed meal cakes in oil crops as raw material, with acylate
Ethyl alcohol（Or methanol）Leaching liquor is extractant, using the heavy metal in the method removal dregs of rice cake of extraction, reduces or reduce a huge sum of money
Belong to the harm of Pb, Cd to human body and animal, side effect very little of the dregs of rice cake after final process to human body and animal.The place of the present invention
Manage it is simple for process, it is of low cost, cause the possibility of secondary pollution small environment, be easy carry out industrialized production, have it is important
Social and economic implications.
Specific implementation mode
Weigh the ethyl alcohol that a certain amount of acylate is dissolved in 50% ~ 80%（Or methanol）In solution, dissolving is mixed well, is prepared
At ethyl alcohol（Or methanol）Leaching liquor；Take the dregs of rice cake of 1 ~ 10g in the conical flask or centrifugal bottle of clean 100ml, addition configures
10 ~ 100ml of leaching liquor, be subsequently placed in constant temperature oscillator in oscillation or roller press and roll, the time is 3 ~ 24 hours, is repeated
1 ~ 3 time；After the completion of waiting for the process, filtering or centrifugal dehydration, then the dregs of rice cake of filtering or centrifugal dehydration is placed in constant temperature forced air drying
It is dry to get to the dregs of rice cake of removal heavy metal Pb, Cd in 40 ~ 70 DEG C in case.
Example one：Potassium citrate 0.9732g is weighed in 70% ethyl alcohol（Or methanol）Solution fully shakes up dissolving and is settled to
100ml is configured to the potassium citrate ethyl alcohol of 30mmol/L（Or methanol）Leaching liquor, take 3g rape dregs of rice cakes in clean conical flask or
In centrifugal bottle, the potassium citrate alcohol extract of 30ml is added, is subsequently placed in oscillation or the rolling of roller press turning in constant temperature oscillator
It 24 hours, is repeated 3 times to reach reduction or reduce the heavy metal in dregs of rice cake, then filtering or centrifugal dehydration and is dried to obtain removal
The rape dregs of rice cake of heavy metal Pb, Cd.After measured, removal rate is respectively 24.79%, 50.33% and to the Pb in rape dregs of rice cake three times
61.73%；Removal rate is respectively 60.79%, 70.69% and 84.57% to Cd three times.
Example two：Potassium tartrate 0.4700g potassium tartrates are weighed in 70% ethyl alcohol（Or methanol）Solution fully shakes up molten
Solution is settled to the potassium tartrate ethyl alcohol that 100ml is configured to 20mmol/L（Or methanol）Leaching liquor takes 3g rape dregs of rice cakes in clean
In conical flask or centrifugal bottle, the potassium tartrate ethyl alcohol of 30ml is added（Or methanol）Leaching liquor is subsequently placed in constant temperature oscillator and shakes
It swings or roller press turning in rolls 24 hours, be repeated 3 times to reach reduction or reduce the heavy metal in dregs of rice cake, then filter or centrifuge and is de-
Water and the dregs of rice cake for being dried to obtain removal heavy metal Pb, Cd.After measured, removal rate is respectively the Pb in rape dregs of rice cake three times
35.28%, 51.67% and 76.38%；Removal rate is divided into 85.49%, 90.25% and 94.67% to Cd three times.
Example three：Potassium citrate 0.6488g is weighed in 70% ethanol solution, dissolving is fully shaken up and is settled to 100ml configurations
It at the potassium citrate alcohol extract of 20mmol/L, takes 3g rape dregs of rice cakes in clean conical flask or centrifugal bottle, 30ml is added
Potassium citrate alcohol extract, be subsequently placed in constant temperature oscillator oscillation or roller press turning in roll 24 hours, be repeated 3 times to reach
To reduce or reduce dregs of rice cake in heavy metal, then filtering or centrifugal dehydration and be dried to obtain removal heavy metal Pb, Cd rape
Dregs of rice cake.After measured, removal rate is respectively 19.97%, 45.54% and 56.75% to the Pb in rape dregs of rice cake three times；Cd removal rates three times
Respectively 57.37%, 64.38% and 72.30%.
Example four：Potassium citrate 1.622g is weighed in 60% ethanol solution, dissolving is fully shaken up and is settled to 100ml configurations
It at the potassium citrate alcohol extract of 50mmol/L, takes 3g rape dregs of rice cakes in clean conical flask or centrifugal bottle, 30ml is added
Potassium citrate alcohol extract, be subsequently placed in constant temperature oscillator oscillation or roller press turning in roll 24 hours, extraction is primary right
Afterwards filtering or centrifugal dehydration and be dried to obtain removal heavy metal Pb, Cd rape dregs of rice cake.After measured, the Pb and Cd in rape dregs of rice cake
Removal rate be respectively 44.21% and 69.48%.
Example five：Potassium citrate 0.9732g is weighed in 70% ethanol solution, dissolving is fully shaken up and is settled to 100ml configurations
It at the potassium citrate alcohol extract of 30mmol/L, takes 3g peanut meals cake in clean conical flask or centrifugal bottle, 30ml is added
Potassium citrate alcohol extract, be subsequently placed in constant temperature oscillator oscillation or roller press turning in roll 24 hours, be repeated 3 times to reach
To reduce or reduce dregs of rice cake in heavy metal, then filtering or centrifugal dehydration and be dried to obtain removal heavy metal Pb, Cd dregs of rice cake.
After measured, removal rate is respectively 63.32%, 71.96% and 84.40% to the Pb in peanut meal cake three times；Removal rate is divided into Cd three times
60.98%, 64.87% and 69.92%.
The present invention is using the dregs of rice cake such as rape dregs of rice cake, peanut meal cake is raw material in oil crops, with the ethyl alcohol of acylate（Or first
Alcohol）Leaching liquor is extractant, using oscillation or roll method removal dregs of rice cake in heavy metal, reduce or reduce heavy metal Pb,
Harm of the Cd to human body and animal, the side effect very little of dregs of rice cake after final process to human body and animal.The original that the present invention uses
Material derives from a wealth of sources, and treatment process is simple, of low cost, causes the possibility of secondary pollution small environment, is easy to carry out industrial metaplasia
Production has important social and economic implications.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method using acylate removal oil crops dregs of rice cake heavy metal Pb, Cd, it is characterised in that including walking as follows
Suddenly：
1) weigh a certain amount of potassium citrate or potassium tartrate be dissolved in a concentration of 30%~80% ethyl alcohol or methanol solution, fully shake
Even dissolving is configured to the acylate ethyl alcohol or methanol extract of a concentration of 5mmol/L~50mmol/L；
2) dried dregs of rice cake powder is placed in clean sealed volume, the ethyl alcohol or methanol extract configured is added, so
After place oscillation extraction, temperature range is 25~30 DEG C, and the time is 3~24 hours, repeats extraction 1~3 time；
3) after the completion of step 2), the dregs of rice cake after filtering or centrifugal dehydration extracts obtains eliminating again in 40~70 DEG C of dryings
The drying dregs of rice cake of metal；
4) ethyl alcohol or methanol in extract liquor are recycled.
2. a kind of method using acylate removal oil crops dregs of rice cake heavy metal Pb, Cd according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the dregs of rice cake powder is that rape dregs of rice cake, peanut meal cake, sesame seed meal cake, oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dregs of rice cake or the crushing of Castor seed Meal cake are made.
3. a kind of method using acylate removal oil crops dregs of rice cake heavy metal Pb, Cd according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the method for ethyl alcohol or methanol in the recycling extract liquor is distillation condensing recovery.
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| CN104591902B (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2017-10-03 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | A kind of method of heavy metal in Rapid deactivation organic fertilizer/agricultural soil |
| CN109788780A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2019-05-21 | 艾斯姆食品公司 | For reducing the chelating agent and its correlation technique of tenor in food product |
| CN106387619A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-02-15 | 南昌大学 | Method for synchronously reducing contents of lead and cadmium in pea protein through adsorption and substitution |
| CN106387302A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-02-15 | 南昌大学 | Method for reducing contents of lead and cadimium in corn protein through adsorption and substitution |
| CN106387624A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-02-15 | 南昌大学 | Method for removing lead and cadmium in bitter apricot kernel protein through adsorption and chelating |
| CN106387617A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-02-15 | 南昌大学 | Method for removing lead and cadmium in buckwheat protein |
| CN108910971A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-11-30 | 奚永乐 | A kind of purifying domestic sewage agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN100417630C (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2008-09-10 | 天津师范大学 | Spray washing method for removing heavy metal from domestic garbage compost |
| CN102356892A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2012-02-22 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for removing heavy metal lead and cadmium in gracilaria seaweed |
| CN103357655B (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2016-01-20 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of composite chemical ELUTION METHOD for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal |
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