CN103949163B - The cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in reusing sewage - Google Patents
The cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in reusing sewage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in a kind of reusing sewage, comprise Chemical cleaning, it is characterized in that: described Chemical cleaning comprises single alkali cleaning, single pickling or pickling and alkali cleaning combines, the cleaning method that alkali cleaning, acid washing method are wash cycles, soaking and washing combines, alkali cleaning medicament comprises clorox, neopelex and sodium phosphate trimer; Pickling medicament comprises citric acid, hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid.The present invention, by adding neopelex and sodium phosphate trimer with in clorox alkaline cleaning procedure, is significantly better than conventional alkali washing method to the cleaning performance of ultrafiltration organic matter and oil pollution, and wash dirty the blocking up of rear milipore filter and slow down, running and comparing is stablized; Optionally take pickling again after alkali cleaning, add oxalic acid medicament in acid cleaning process, thoroughly, product discharge, the operation pressure reduction of milipore filter return to best effect in cleaning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in a kind of reusing sewage, belong to filter membrane cleaning and reuse technology field.
Background technology
Enter 21 century, industrialization and urbanization makes global environment go from bad to worse, and occurs serious shortage of resources and environmental pollution phenomenon.Water resource is exactly one of them.
In the water of National urban, water for industrial use on average accounts for 70%, gives off a large amount of industrial wastewaters after industrial process waters, is again the primary pollution source of water pollution.Over nearly 30 years, the development of hyperfiltration technique is very rapid, and the application in reusing sewage is also further extensive, for minimizing sewage discharge, reduces natural water load, and increases income and decreases expenditure, reduce new water consumption aspect and made very large contribution.
Ultrafiltration is a kind of membrane separation technique, and its film is porous dissymmetrical structure.Filter process take both sides differential pressure of membrane as driving force, a kind of solution separation process based on mechanical grading principle.In reusing sewage, be commonly used for the pretreatment unit of reverse osmosis membrane, in the process, milipore filter is very easily polluted, the large molecule solute such as the particulate in treatment fluid, colloidal particle, organic matter and microorganism and film produce physics chemical action or mechanism and cause in or fenestra surperficial at film and adsorb, precipitate and fenestra is diminished or blocks, and cause permeable amount or the separating power decline of film.
By backwash, maintenance clean and Chemical cleaning recover its performance, ensure the permanently effective operation of film.Biochemical system can reach about 80% to the clearance of animals and plants oils, but relatively very low to industrial oils clearance.Do not entered ultrafiltration membrane system by the oils after biochemical treatment, very easily form oil film on film surface, blocking fenestra, causes flux depression, and producing water ratio reduces, and transmembrane pressure increases.Common pickling or alkali cleaning cannot recover its performance quickly and efficiently, and this constantly improves chemical cleaning method in operative practice process with regard to needs, cleans pointedly.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in a kind of reusing sewage, recover its performance by backwash and Chemical cleaning, ensure the permanently effective operation of film.Wherein Chemical cleaning comprises pickling and alkali cleaning two kinds, takes corresponding cleaning agent and measure for different pollution sources.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
The cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in a kind of reusing sewage provided by the invention, comprise Chemical cleaning, described Chemical cleaning comprises single alkali cleaning, single pickling or pickling and alkali cleaning combines, the cleaning method that alkali cleaning, acid washing method are wash cycles, soaking and washing combines, alkali cleaning medicament comprises clorox, neopelex and sodium phosphate trimer; Pickling medicament comprises citric acid, hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid.
Milipore filter is after the certain water yield of filtration or certain hour, and milipore filter can be polluted and block, and aquifer yield can reduce, and the transmembrane pressure of milipore filter rises.This system, reaches 30min when running, and ultrafiltration enters backwash state automatically; When the transmembrane pressure of milipore filter is greater than the value of setting or reaches the design and operation time, computer program cleans automatically.
The cleaning process introduction of just single alkali cleaning and single pickling below.
Described alkali cleaning is:
(1) alkali cleaning medicament soaks
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, open and clean into medicine valve, start clorox measuring pump, adjust flexibly between pH to 11.2 ~ 12 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(2) alkali cleaning circulation
1. the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus is opened;
2. start through liquid pump, circulate;
3., in cyclic process, directly neopelex and sodium phosphate trimer are poured in ultrafiltration membrane pool;
4. observe cleaning pH value, alkali cleaning remains between 11.2 ~ 12;
5. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes.
Described pickling is:
(1) pickling medicament soaks
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, open and clean into medicine valve, start hydrochloric acid and citric acid measuring pump, adjust flexibly between pH to 2 ~ 2.2 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(2) pickling circulation
1. the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus is opened;
2. start through liquid pump, circulate;
3. circulation time, is directly poured in ultrafiltration membrane pool by oxalic acid;
4. observe cleaning pH value, pickling remains between 2 ~ 2.2;
5. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes.
The cleaning method adopting pickling and alkali cleaning to combine, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) backwash
1. ultrafiltration apparatus water intaking valve is closed, and continues liquid level to 1.1 ~ 1.2 meter be filled in membrane cisterna;
2. the admission pressure of ultrafiltration apparatus is 1.5bar < p < 2.5bar, air water enters membrane cisterna simultaneously, and it is 30 ~ 35 seconds that gas cleans the time, and water level adds to 2.2 ~ 2.3 meters, the sewage of ultrafiltration apparatus inside drains after cleaning by gas;
(2) alkali cleaning medicament soaks
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, open and clean into medicine valve, start clorox measuring pump, adjust flexibly between pH to 11.2 ~ 12 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(3) alkali cleaning circulation
1. the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus is opened;
2. start through liquid pump, circulate;
3., in cyclic process, directly neopelex and sodium phosphate trimer are poured in ultrafiltration membrane pool;
4. observe cleaning pH value, alkali cleaning remains between 11.2 ~ 12;
5. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(4) pickling medicament soaks
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, open and clean into medicine valve, start hydrochloric acid and citric acid measuring pump, adjust flexibly between pH to 2 ~ 2.2 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(5) pickling circulation
1. the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus is opened;
2. start through liquid pump, circulate;
3. circulation time, is directly poured in ultrafiltration membrane pool by oxalic acid;
4. observe cleaning pH value, pickling remains between 2 ~ 2.2;
5. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes.
Further, the concentration of described alkali cleaning medicament is respectively: the concentration of clorox is 0.18 ~ 0.22%; The concentration of neopelex is 0.045 ~ 0.05%; The concentration of sodium phosphate trimer is 0.09 ~ 0.1%.When being 10 tons of water for membrane cisterna hot water capacity, the consumption of described alkali cleaning medicament is respectively: clorox 36kg ~ 40kg; Neopelex 4.5kg ~ 5kg; Sodium phosphate trimer 9kg ~ 10kg.
Further, the concentration of described pickling medicament is respectively: the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 0.38 ~ 0.4%; The concentration of citric acid is 1.8% ~ 2%; The concentration of oxalic acid is 0.48% ~ 0.5%.When being 10 tons of water for membrane cisterna hot water capacity, the consumption of described pickling medicament is respectively: the 38kg ~ 40kg of hydrochloric acid; Citric acid 180kg ~ 200kg; Oxalic acid 48kg ~ 50kg.
Further, the number of times of described alkali cleaning circulation is 2 ~ 3 times; The number of times of described pickling circulation is 2 ~ 3 times.
Ultrafiltration unit can not be heated in cleaning process, membrane cisterna is entered after water temp. heating during cleaning, immersion ultrafiltration belongs to open type pond, water temperature in winter decrease speed is fast, after cleaning water inlet enters membrane cisterna 35 DEG C time, temperature is down to 28 DEG C, after four h cycle soak, be down to less than 20 DEG C, according to the change adjustment rinse water temperature in season, remain on 25 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C after circulation, best cleaning performance can be reached.
Pickling PH controls between 2 ~ 2.2, and alkali cleaning PH controls between 11.2 ~ 12.Require first to carry out alkali cleaning, rear pickling, or single cleaning targetedly.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) the invention provides three kinds of cleaning methods: the method that single alkali cleaning, single pickling or pickling and alkali cleaning combine, can depending on the situation cleaning method of milipore filter;
(2) in alkaline cleaning procedure, by adding neopelex and sodium phosphate trimer with in clorox alkaline cleaning procedure, significantly be better than conventional alkali washing method to the cleaning performance of ultrafiltration organic matter and oil pollution, wash dirty the blocking up of rear milipore filter and slow down, running and comparing is stablized;
(3) add oxalic acid medicament in acid cleaning process, thoroughly, product discharge, the operation pressure reduction of milipore filter return to best effect in cleaning.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the product water flowmeter before and after cleaning in embodiment 3.
Fig. 2 is the pressure reduction contrast table before and after cleaning in embodiment 3.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1: adopt single alkali washing method to clean submerged ultrafiltration
Water is filled in hot-tub during cleaning, heating temperatures to 35 DEG C, ultrafiltration unit backwashing pump starts, backwash caudacoria pool inner water drains into 1.1 ~ 1.2 meters, heat-exchanger pump starts, and is injected in ultrafiltration membrane pool, after water level adds to 2.2 ~ 2.3 meters by hot water and cleaning agent, heat-exchanger pump stops, and ultrafiltration permeate pump startup carries out self-loopa.
Specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) backwash
1. ultrafiltration apparatus water intaking valve is closed, and continues the liquid level to 1.2 meter be filled in membrane cisterna;
2. the admission pressure 1.5bar < p < 2.5bar of ultrafiltration apparatus, air water enters membrane cisterna simultaneously, and it is 30 seconds that gas cleans the time, and water level adds to 2.3 meters, and the sewage of ultrafiltration apparatus inside drains after cleaning by gas;
(2) Chemical cleaning enters medicine immersion
1. intake to membrane cisterna by heat-exchanger pump, in this process, clorox measuring pump starts, and cleans and opens into medicine valve, adjust pH to 12 flexibly according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and closes and cleans into medicine valve, closes measuring pump, carries out immersion 30 ~ 45 minutes.
(3) ultrafiltration clean cycle
1. the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus is opened;
2. start through liquid pump, circulate;
3. 4.5kg neopelex and 9kg sodium phosphate trimer are directly poured in ultrafiltration membrane pool by circulation time; ;
4. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes.
5. in cyclic process, observe cleaning pH value, remain on 11.2 ~ 12 during alkali cleaning, if pH is lower than this scope, can open clorox measuring pump and clean into medicine valve, chemicals addition control pH value is to this scope;
Circulation ~ immersion number of times is 2 times.
After implementing this technical scheme, milipore filter performance recovery is respond well, quick, ensure that the safety of follow-up counter-infiltration, stable operation, also ensure that system aquifer yield.
Conventional alkali washing method and the effect of chemical cleaning method targetedly after improving are compared, as shown in the table:
Pressure reduction and yield comparison before and after cleaning
And producing discharge and transmembrane pressure after cleaning, situation of change record hourly, record 12 hours continuously, period staggered every the halfhour backwash time period.
Through contrast, find, by adding neopelex and sodium phosphate trimer with in clorox alkaline cleaning procedure, to be significantly better than conventional alkali washing method to the cleaning performance of ultrafiltration organic matter and oil pollution.Owing to cleaning thoroughly, wash dirty the blocking up of rear milipore filter and slow down, stable.
Embodiment 2: adopt single acid washing method to clean submerged ultrafiltration
Specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) backwash
1. ultrafiltration apparatus water intaking valve is closed, and continues the liquid level to 1.1 meter be filled in membrane cisterna;
2. the admission pressure 1.5bar < p < 2.5bar of ultrafiltration apparatus, air water enters membrane cisterna simultaneously, and it is 35 seconds that gas cleans the time, and water level adds to 2.2 meters, and the sewage of ultrafiltration apparatus inside drains after cleaning by gas;
(2) sour Chemical cleaning enters medicine immersion
1. intake to membrane cisterna by heat-exchanger pump, in this process, hydrochloric acid, citric acid metering pump startup, adjusts pH to 2 flexibly according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and carries out immersion 30 minutes.
(3) ultrafiltration acidifying clean cycle
1. the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus is opened;
2. start through liquid pump, circulate;
3. 48kg oxalic acid is directly poured in ultrafiltration membrane pool by circulation time;
4. circulate 30 minutes.
5. in cyclic process, observe cleaning pH value, remain on 2 during pickling, if pH is lower than this scope, can open hydrochloric acid sodium measuring pump and clean into medicine valve, chemicals addition control pH value to this scope, or directly adds solid oxalic acid and regulates;
Circulation ~ immersion number of times is 3 times.
After implementing this technical scheme, milipore filter performance parameter is better recovered.
Pressure reduction and yield comparison before and after acid cleaning
Embodiment 3: adopt alkali cleaning and acid washing method cleaning submerged ultrafiltration
(1) backwash
1. ultrafiltration apparatus water intaking valve is closed, and continues the liquid level to 1.2 meter be filled in membrane cisterna;
2. the admission pressure 1.5bar < p < 2.5bar of ultrafiltration apparatus, air water enters membrane cisterna simultaneously, and it is 30 seconds that gas cleans the time, and water level adds to 2.3 meters, and the sewage of ultrafiltration apparatus inside drains after cleaning by gas;
(2) Chemical cleaning enters medicine immersion
1. intake to membrane cisterna by heat-exchanger pump, in this process, clorox measuring pump starts, and adjusts pH to 12 flexibly according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and carries out immersion 45 minutes.
(3) ultrafiltration clean cycle
1. the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus is opened;
2. start through liquid pump, circulate;
3. 5kg neopelex and 10kg sodium phosphate trimer are directly poured in ultrafiltration membrane pool by circulation time;
4. circulate 45 minutes;
5. in cyclic process, observe cleaning pH value, remain on 11.2 ~ 12 during alkali cleaning, if pH is lower than this scope, can open clorox measuring pump and clean into medicine valve, chemicals addition control pH value is to this scope;
Circulation ~ immersion number of times is 3 times.
(4) secondary backwash
1. ultrafiltration apparatus water intaking valve is closed, and continues the liquid level to 1.2 meter be filled in membrane cisterna;
2. the admission pressure 1.5bar < p < 2.5bar of ultrafiltration apparatus, air water enters membrane cisterna simultaneously, and it is 35 seconds that gas cleans the time, and water level adds to 2.3 meters, and the sewage of ultrafiltration apparatus inside drains after cleaning by gas;
(5) sour Chemical cleaning enters medicine immersion
1. intake to membrane cisterna by heat-exchanger pump, in this process, hydrochloric acid, citric acid metering pump startup, adjusts pH to 2.2 flexibly according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and carries out immersion 30 minutes.
(6) ultrafiltration acidifying clean cycle
1. the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus is opened;
2. start through liquid pump, circulate;
3. 48kg oxalic acid is directly poured in ultrafiltration membrane pool by circulation time;
4. circulate 30 minutes, circulation ~ immersion number of times is 3 times;
5. in cyclic process, observe cleaning pH value, remain on 2.2 during pickling, if pH is lower than this scope, can open hydrochloric acid sodium measuring pump and clean into medicine valve, chemicals addition control pH value to this scope, or directly adds solid oxalic acid and regulates;
Produce discharge and transmembrane pressure after cleaning, situation of change record hourly, continuously record 12 hours, period staggered every the halfhour backwash time period.See Fig. 2 and Fig. 1.
After implementing this technical scheme, milipore filter produces water, pressure reduction, water outlet Parameter reconstruction to optimum efficiency.
Claims (8)
1. the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in reusing sewage, it is characterized in that: cleaning method comprises single alkali cleaning, first carry out backwash, then carry out alkali cleaning, described alkali cleaning is:
(1) alkali cleaning medicament soaks
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, open and clean into medicine valve, start clorox measuring pump, adjust flexibly between pH to 11.2 ~ 12 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(2) alkali cleaning circulation
1. the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus is opened;
2. start through liquid pump, circulate;
3., in cyclic process, directly neopelex and sodium phosphate trimer are poured in ultrafiltration membrane pool;
4. observe cleaning pH value, alkali cleaning remains between 11.2 ~ 12;
5. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes.
2. the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in reusing sewage, it is characterized in that: cleaning method comprises single pickling, first carry out backwash, then carry out pickling, described pickling is:
(1) pickling medicament soaks
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, open and clean into medicine valve, start hydrochloric acid and citric acid measuring pump, adjust flexibly between pH to 2 ~ 2.2 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(2) pickling circulation
1. the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus is opened;
2. start through liquid pump, circulate;
3. circulation time, is directly poured in ultrafiltration membrane pool by oxalic acid;
4. observe cleaning pH value, pickling remains between 2 ~ 2.2;
5. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes.
3. the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in reusing sewage, is characterized in that: cleaning method comprises the following steps:
(1) backwash
1. ultrafiltration apparatus water intaking valve is closed, and continues liquid level to 1.1 ~ 1.2 meter be filled in membrane cisterna;
2. the admission pressure of ultrafiltration apparatus is 1.5bar < p < 2.5bar, air water enters membrane cisterna simultaneously, and it is 30 ~ 35 seconds that gas cleans the time, and water level adds to 2.2 ~ 2.3 meters, the sewage of ultrafiltration apparatus inside drains after cleaning by gas;
(2) alkali cleaning medicament soaks
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, open and clean into medicine valve, start clorox measuring pump, adjust flexibly between pH to 11.2 ~ 12 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(3) alkali cleaning circulation
1. the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus is opened;
2. start through liquid pump, circulate;
3., in cyclic process, directly neopelex and sodium phosphate trimer are poured in ultrafiltration membrane pool;
4. observe cleaning pH value, alkali cleaning remains between 11.2 ~ 12;
5. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(4) pickling medicament soaks
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, open and clean into medicine valve, start hydrochloric acid and citric acid measuring pump, adjust flexibly between pH to 2 ~ 2.2 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(5) pickling circulation
1. the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus is opened;
2. start through liquid pump, circulate;
3. circulation time, is directly poured in ultrafiltration membrane pool by oxalic acid;
4. observe cleaning pH value, pickling remains between 2 ~ 2.2;
5. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes.
4. the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in the reusing sewage according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that: the concentration of described clorox is 0.18 ~ 0.22%; The concentration of neopelex is 0.045 ~ 0.05%; The concentration of sodium phosphate trimer is 0.09 ~ 0.1%.
5. the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in the reusing sewage according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that: when being 10 tons of water for membrane cisterna hot water capacity, described clorox 36kg ~ 40kg; Neopelex 4.5kg ~ 5kg; Sodium phosphate trimer 9kg ~ 10kg.
6. the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in the reusing sewage according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that: the concentration of described hydrochloric acid is 0.38 ~ 0.4%; The concentration of citric acid is 1.8% ~ 2%; The concentration of oxalic acid is 0.48% ~ 0.5%.
7. the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in the reusing sewage according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that: when being 10 tons of water for membrane cisterna hot water capacity, described hydrochloric acid 38kg ~ 40kg; Citric acid 180kg ~ 200kg; Oxalic acid 48kg ~ 50kg.
8. the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in the reusing sewage according to any one of claim 1 ~ 3, is characterized in that: the number of times of described alkali cleaning circulation is 2 ~ 3; The number of times of described pickling circulation is 2 ~ 3 times.
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