CN103949163A - Method for cleaning immersed ultrafiltration membrane in wastewater reuse - Google Patents
Method for cleaning immersed ultrafiltration membrane in wastewater reuse Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cleaning an immersed ultrafiltration membrane in wastewater reuse. The method comprises the following step of chemical cleaning. The method is characterized in that the step of chemical cleaning comprises the following substeps of alkali cleaning, acid cleaning or combined alkali cleaning and acid cleaning, wherein each of the alkali cleaning method and the acid cleaning method is of a method combining the circulatory cleaning with the immersed cleaning, and an alkali cleaning agent comprises sodium hypochlorite, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium tripolyphosphate; an acid cleaning agent comprises citric acid, hydrochloric acid and oxalic acid. The method has the advantages that sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium tripolyphosphate are added in the process of alkali cleaning by sodium hypochlorite, so that the cleaning effect of the method on ultrafiltration organic matters and oil pollutants is obviously better than that of a normal alkali cleaning method, the polluting and plugging degree of the cleaned ultrafiltration membrane can be reduced, and stability in operation can be realized; the acid cleaning is adopted as required after alkali cleaning, and the oxalic acid agent is added in the process of acid cleaning, so that the ultrafiltration membrane can be thoroughly cleaned, and the produced water flow and the running differential pressure of the ultrafiltration membrane can be recovered to be the optimal effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in a kind of reusing sewage, belong to filter membrane and clean and reuse technology field.
Background technology
Enter 21 century, industrialization and urbanization go from bad to worse global environment, occur serious shortage of resources and environmental pollution phenomenon.Water resource is exactly one of them.
In the water of National urban, water for industrial use on average accounts for 70%, gives off a large amount of industrial wastewaters after industrial process waters, is again the primary pollution source of water pollution.Over nearly 30 years, the development of hyperfiltration technique is very rapid, and the application aspect reusing sewage is also further extensive, for reducing sewage discharge, reduces natural water load, and increases income and decreases expenditure, and reduces new water consumption aspect and has made very large contribution.
Ultrafiltration is a kind of membrane separation technique, and its film is porous dissymmetrical structure.Filter process is taking both sides differential pressure of membrane as driving force, taking mechanical grading principle as basic a kind of solution separation process.In reusing sewage, be commonly used for the pretreatment unit of reverse osmosis membrane, in this process, milipore filter is very easily polluted, large molecule solute such as particulate, colloidal particle, organic matter and microorganism etc. in treatment fluid and film produce physics chemical action or mechanism and cause absorption in film surface or fenestra, precipitation diminish fenestra or stop up, and cause permeable amount or the separating power decline of film.
By backwash, maintenance clean and Chemical cleaning are recovered its performance, ensure the permanently effective operation of film.Biochemical system can reach 80% left and right to the clearance of animals and plants oils, but relatively very low to industrial oils clearance.Do not entered ultrafiltration membrane system by the oils after biochemical treatment, very easily form oil film on film surface, stop up fenestra, cause membrane flux to decline, producing water ratio reduces, and transmembrane pressure increases.Common pickling or alkali cleaning cannot recover its performance quickly and efficiently, and this just need to constantly improve chemical cleaning method in operation practice process, cleans pointedly.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in a kind of reusing sewage, recover its performance by backwash and Chemical cleaning, ensure the permanently effective operation of film.Wherein Chemical cleaning comprises two kinds of pickling and alkali cleanings, takes corresponding cleaning agent and measure for different pollution sources.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
The cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in a kind of reusing sewage provided by the invention, comprise Chemical cleaning, described Chemical cleaning comprises that single alkali cleaning, single pickling or pickling and alkali cleaning combine, alkali cleaning, acid washing method are the cleaning method that wash cycles, soaking and washing combine, and alkali cleaning medicament comprises clorox, neopelex and sodium phosphate trimer; Pickling medicament comprises citric acid, hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid.
Milipore filter is filtering after certain water yield or certain hour, and milipore filter can be polluted and stop up, and aquifer yield can reduce, and the transmembrane pressure of milipore filter rises.This system, reaches 30min when running time, ultrafiltration enters backwash state automatically; In the time that the transmembrane pressure of milipore filter is greater than the value of setting or reaches the design and operation time, computer program cleans automatically.
Below with regard to the cleaning process introduction of single alkali cleaning and single pickling.
Described alkali cleaning is:
(1) alkali cleaning medicament soaks
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, open and clean into medicine valve, start clorox measuring pump, adjust flexibly between pH to 11.2 ~ 12 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(2) alkali cleaning circulation
1. open the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus;
2. start and see through liquid pump, circulate;
3. in cyclic process, directly neopelex and sodium phosphate trimer are poured in ultrafiltration membrane cisterna;
4. observe and clean pH value, alkali cleaning remains between 11.2 ~ 12;
5. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes.
Described pickling is:
(1) pickling medicament soaks
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, open and clean into medicine valve, start hydrochloric acid and citric acid metering pump, adjust flexibly between pH to 2 ~ 2.2 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(2) pickling circulation
1. open the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus;
2. start and see through liquid pump, circulate;
3. circulation time, is directly poured into oxalic acid in ultrafiltration membrane cisterna;
4. observe and clean pH value, pickling remains between 2 ~ 2.2;
5. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes.
The cleaning method that adopts pickling and alkali cleaning to combine, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) backwash
1. ultrafiltration apparatus water intaking valve is closed, and continues to be filled into liquid level to 1.1 ~ 1.2 meter in membrane cisterna;
2. the admission pressure of ultrafiltration apparatus is 1.5bar < p < 2.5bar, air water enters membrane cisterna simultaneously, and the gas scouring time is 30 ~ 35 seconds, and water level adds to 2.2 ~ 2.3 meters, gas after cleaning drains the sewage of ultrafiltration apparatus inside;
(2) alkali cleaning medicament soaks
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, open and clean into medicine valve, start clorox measuring pump, adjust flexibly between pH to 11.2 ~ 12 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(3) alkali cleaning circulation
1. open the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus;
2. start and see through liquid pump, circulate;
3. in cyclic process, directly neopelex and sodium phosphate trimer are poured in ultrafiltration membrane cisterna;
4. observe and clean pH value, alkali cleaning remains between 11.2 ~ 12;
5. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(4) pickling medicament soaks
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, open and clean into medicine valve, start hydrochloric acid and citric acid metering pump, adjust flexibly between pH to 2 ~ 2.2 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(5) pickling circulation
1. open the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus;
2. start and see through liquid pump, circulate;
3. circulation time, is directly poured into oxalic acid in ultrafiltration membrane cisterna;
4. observe and clean pH value, pickling remains between 2 ~ 2.2;
5. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes.
Further, the concentration of described alkali cleaning medicament is respectively: the concentration of clorox is 0.18 ~ 0.22%; The concentration of neopelex is 0.045 ~ 0.05%; The concentration of sodium phosphate trimer is 0.09 ~ 0.1%.While being 10 tons of water for membrane cisterna hot water capacity, the consumption of described alkali cleaning medicament is respectively: clorox 36kg ~ 40kg; Neopelex 4.5kg ~ 5kg; Sodium phosphate trimer 9kg ~ 10kg.
Further, the concentration of described pickling medicament is respectively: the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 0.38 ~ 0.4%; The concentration of citric acid is 1.8% ~ 2%; The concentration of oxalic acid is 0.48% ~ 0.5%.While being 10 tons of water for membrane cisterna hot water capacity, the consumption of described pickling medicament is respectively: the 38kg ~ 40kg of hydrochloric acid; Citric acid 180kg ~ 200kg; Oxalic acid 48kg ~ 50kg.
Further, the number of times of described alkali cleaning circulation is 2 ~ 3 times; The number of times of described pickling circulation is 2 ~ 3 times.
Ultrafiltration unit can not be heated in cleaning process, when cleaning, after water temp. heating, enter membrane cisterna, immersion ultrafiltration belongs to open type pond, water temperature in winter decrease speed is fast, clean water inlet in the time of 35 DEG C, enter membrane cisterna after temperature be down to 28 DEG C, after circulation immersion, be down to below 20 DEG C through four hours, adjust rinse water temperature according to the variation in season, after circulation, remain on 25 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C, can reach best cleaning performance.
Pickling PH is controlled between 2 ~ 2.2, and alkali cleaning PH is controlled between 11.2 ~ 12.Require first to carry out alkali cleaning, rear pickling, or single cleaning targetedly.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) the invention provides three kinds of cleaning methods: the method that single alkali cleaning, single pickling or pickling and alkali cleaning combine, can be depending on the situation cleaning method of milipore filter;
(2) in alkaline cleaning procedure, by with adding neopelex and sodium phosphate trimer in clorox alkaline cleaning procedure, the cleaning performance of ultrafiltration organic matter and oil pollution is significantly better than to conventional alkali washing method, washes dirty stifled the slowing down of rear milipore filter, running and comparing is stable;
(3) in acid cleaning process, added oxalic acid medicament, cleaned thoroughly, the product discharge of milipore filter, operation pressure reduction return to best effect.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the product water flowmeter before and after cleaning in embodiment 3.
Fig. 2 is the pressure reduction contrast table before and after cleaning in embodiment 3.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1: adopt single alkali washing method to clean submerged ultrafiltration
When cleaning, in hot-tub, fill water, temperature is heated to 35 DEG C, ultrafiltration unit backwashing pump starts, backwash caudacoria pool inner water drains into 1.1 ~ 1.2 meters, heat-exchanger pump starts, and hot water and cleaning agent are injected in ultrafiltration membrane cisterna, and water level adds to after 2.2 ~ 2.3 meters, heat-exchanger pump stops, and ultrafiltration sees through liquid pump startup and carries out self-loopa.
Specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) backwash
1. ultrafiltration apparatus water intaking valve is closed, and continues to be filled into the liquid level to 1.2 meter in membrane cisterna;
2. the admission pressure 1.5bar < p < 2.5bar of ultrafiltration apparatus, air water enters membrane cisterna simultaneously, and the gas scouring time is 30 seconds, and water level adds to 2.3 meters, and gas after cleaning drains the sewage of ultrafiltration apparatus inside;
(2) Chemical cleaning is entered medicine immersion
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, clorox measuring pump starts, and cleans into medicine valve and opens, and adjusts flexibly pH to 12 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and closes and cleans into medicine valve, closes measuring pump, soaks 30 ~ 45 minutes.
(3) ultrafiltration clean cycle
1. open the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus;
2. start and see through liquid pump, circulate;
3. circulation time is directly poured 4.5kg neopelex and 9kg sodium phosphate trimer in ultrafiltration membrane cisterna; ;
4. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes.
5. in cyclic process, observe and clean pH value, remain on 11.2 ~ 12 when alkali cleaning, if pH lower than this scope, can open clorox measuring pump and clean into medicine valve, chemicals addition control pH value is to this scope;
Circulation ~ immersion number of times is 2 times.
Implement after this technical scheme, milipore filter performance recovery is respond well, quick, has guaranteed safety, the stable operation of follow-up counter-infiltration, has also ensured system aquifer yield.
The effect of chemical cleaning method targetedly by conventional alkali washing method and after improving compares, as shown in the table:
Pressure reduction and yield comparison before and after cleaning
And after cleaning, produce discharge and transmembrane pressure, and situation of change record hourly, recording occurring continuously 12 hours, staggered during this time every the halfhour backwash time period.
Through contrast, find by with adding neopelex and sodium phosphate trimer in clorox alkaline cleaning procedure, the cleaning performance of ultrafiltration organic matter and oil pollution is significantly better than to conventional alkali washing method.Owing to cleaning thoroughly, wash dirty stifled the slowing down of rear milipore filter, stable.
Embodiment 2: adopt single acid washing method to clean submerged ultrafiltration
Specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) backwash
1. ultrafiltration apparatus water intaking valve is closed, and continues to be filled into the liquid level to 1.1 meter in membrane cisterna;
2. the admission pressure 1.5bar < p < 2.5bar of ultrafiltration apparatus, air water enters membrane cisterna simultaneously, and the gas scouring time is 35 seconds, and water level adds to 2.2 meters, and gas after cleaning drains the sewage of ultrafiltration apparatus inside;
(2) sour Chemical cleaning is entered medicine immersion
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, hydrochloric acid, citric acid metering pump startup, adjust pH to 2 flexibly according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 minutes.
(3) ultrafiltration acidifying clean cycle
1. open the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus;
2. start and see through liquid pump, circulate;
3. circulation time is directly poured into 48kg oxalic acid in ultrafiltration membrane cisterna;
4. circulate 30 minutes.
5. in cyclic process, observe and clean pH value, remain on 2 when pickling, if pH lower than this scope, can open hydrochloric acid sodium measuring pump and clean into medicine valve, chemicals addition control pH value is to this scope, or directly adds solid oxalic acid to regulate;
Circulation ~ immersion number of times is 3 times.
Implement after this technical scheme, milipore filter performance parameter is better recovered.
Front and back pressure reduction and yield comparison are cleaned in acid
Embodiment 3: adopt alkali cleaning and acid washing method to clean submerged ultrafiltration
(1) backwash
1. ultrafiltration apparatus water intaking valve is closed, and continues to be filled into the liquid level to 1.2 meter in membrane cisterna;
2. the admission pressure 1.5bar < p < 2.5bar of ultrafiltration apparatus, air water enters membrane cisterna simultaneously, and the gas scouring time is 30 seconds, and water level adds to 2.3 meters, and gas after cleaning drains the sewage of ultrafiltration apparatus inside;
(2) Chemical cleaning is entered medicine immersion
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, clorox measuring pump starts, and adjusts flexibly pH to 12 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 45 minutes.
(3) ultrafiltration clean cycle
1. open the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus;
2. start and see through liquid pump, circulate;
3. circulation time is directly poured 5kg neopelex and 10kg sodium phosphate trimer in ultrafiltration membrane cisterna;
4. circulate 45 minutes;
5. in cyclic process, observe and clean pH value, remain on 11.2 ~ 12 when alkali cleaning, if pH lower than this scope, can open clorox measuring pump and clean into medicine valve, chemicals addition control pH value is to this scope;
Circulation ~ immersion number of times is 3 times.
(4) secondary backwash
1. ultrafiltration apparatus water intaking valve is closed, and continues to be filled into the liquid level to 1.2 meter in membrane cisterna;
2. the admission pressure 1.5bar < p < 2.5bar of ultrafiltration apparatus, air water enters membrane cisterna simultaneously, and the gas scouring time is 35 seconds, and water level adds to 2.3 meters, and gas after cleaning drains the sewage of ultrafiltration apparatus inside;
(5) sour Chemical cleaning is entered medicine immersion
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, hydrochloric acid, citric acid metering pump startup, adjust pH to 2.2 flexibly according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 minutes.
(6) ultrafiltration acidifying clean cycle
1. open the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus;
2. start and see through liquid pump, circulate;
3. circulation time is directly poured into 48kg oxalic acid in ultrafiltration membrane cisterna;
4. circulate 30 minutes, circulation ~ immersion number of times is 3 times;
5. in cyclic process, observe and clean pH value, remain on 2.2 when pickling, if pH lower than this scope, can open hydrochloric acid sodium measuring pump and clean into medicine valve, chemicals addition control pH value is to this scope, or directly adds solid oxalic acid to regulate;
After cleaning, produce discharge and transmembrane pressure, situation of change record hourly, recording occurring continuously 12 hours, staggered during this time every the halfhour backwash time period.See Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
Implement after this technical scheme, milipore filter product water, pressure reduction, water outlet parameter return to optimum efficiency.
Claims (9)
1. the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in reusing sewage, comprise Chemical cleaning, it is characterized in that: described Chemical cleaning comprises that single alkali cleaning, single pickling or pickling and alkali cleaning combine, alkali cleaning, acid washing method are the cleaning method that wash cycles, soaking and washing combine, and alkali cleaning medicament comprises clorox, neopelex and sodium phosphate trimer; Pickling medicament comprises citric acid, hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid.
2. the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in reusing sewage according to claim 1, is characterized in that: cleaning method comprises single alkali cleaning, first carries out backwash, then carries out alkali cleaning, and described alkali cleaning is:
(1) alkali cleaning medicament soaks
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, open and clean into medicine valve, start clorox measuring pump, adjust flexibly between pH to 11.2 ~ 12 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(2) alkali cleaning circulation
1. open the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus;
2. start and see through liquid pump, circulate;
3. in cyclic process, directly neopelex and sodium phosphate trimer are poured in ultrafiltration membrane cisterna;
4. observe and clean pH value, alkali cleaning remains between 11.2 ~ 12;
5. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes.
3. the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in reusing sewage according to claim 1, is characterized in that: cleaning method comprises single pickling, first carries out backwash, then carries out pickling, and described pickling is:
(1) pickling medicament soaks
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, open and clean into medicine valve, start hydrochloric acid and citric acid metering pump, adjust flexibly between pH to 2 ~ 2.2 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(2) pickling circulation
1. open the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus;
2. start and see through liquid pump, circulate;
3. circulation time, is directly poured into oxalic acid in ultrafiltration membrane cisterna;
4. observe and clean pH value, pickling remains between 2 ~ 2.2;
5. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes.
4. the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in reusing sewage according to claim 1, is characterized in that: cleaning method comprises the following steps:
(1) backwash
1. ultrafiltration apparatus water intaking valve is closed, and continues to be filled into liquid level to 1.1 ~ 1.2 meter in membrane cisterna;
2. the admission pressure of ultrafiltration apparatus is 1.5bar < p < 2.5bar, air water enters membrane cisterna simultaneously, and the gas scouring time is 30 ~ 35 seconds, and water level adds to 2.2 ~ 2.3 meters, gas after cleaning drains the sewage of ultrafiltration apparatus inside;
(2) alkali cleaning medicament soaks
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, open and clean into medicine valve, start clorox measuring pump, adjust flexibly between pH to 11.2 ~ 12 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(3) alkali cleaning circulation
1. open the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus;
2. start and see through liquid pump, circulate;
3. in cyclic process, directly neopelex and sodium phosphate trimer are poured in ultrafiltration membrane cisterna;
4. observe and clean pH value, alkali cleaning remains between 11.2 ~ 12;
5. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(4) pickling medicament soaks
1. by heat-exchanger pump, membrane cisterna is intake, in this process, open and clean into medicine valve, start hydrochloric acid and citric acid metering pump, adjust flexibly between pH to 2 ~ 2.2 according to online pH meter;
2. dosing completes, and soaks 30 ~ 45 minutes;
(5) pickling circulation
1. open the clean cycle valve of ultrafiltration apparatus;
2. start and see through liquid pump, circulate;
3. circulation time, is directly poured into oxalic acid in ultrafiltration membrane cisterna;
4. observe and clean pH value, pickling remains between 2 ~ 2.2;
5. circulate 30 ~ 45 minutes.
5. according to the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in the reusing sewage described in claim 2 or 4, it is characterized in that: the concentration of described alkali cleaning medicament is respectively: the concentration of clorox is 0.18 ~ 0.22%; The concentration of neopelex is 0.045 ~ 0.05%; The concentration of sodium phosphate trimer is 0.09 ~ 0.1%.
6. according to the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in the reusing sewage described in claim 2 or 4, it is characterized in that: while being 10 tons of water for membrane cisterna hot water capacity, the consumption of described alkali cleaning medicament is respectively: clorox 36kg ~ 40kg; Neopelex 4.5kg ~ 5kg; Sodium phosphate trimer 9kg ~ 10kg.
7. according to the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in the reusing sewage described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: the concentration of described pickling medicament is respectively: the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 0.38 ~ 0.4%; The concentration of citric acid is 1.8% ~ 2%; The concentration of oxalic acid is 0.48% ~ 0.5%.
8. according to the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in the reusing sewage described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: while being 10 tons of water for membrane cisterna hot water capacity, the consumption of described pickling medicament is respectively: the 38kg ~ 40kg of hydrochloric acid; Citric acid 180kg ~ 200kg; Oxalic acid 48kg ~ 50kg.
9. according to the cleaning method of submerged ultrafiltration in the reusing sewage described in claim 2 ~ 4 any one, it is characterized in that: the number of times of described alkali cleaning circulation is 2 ~ 3; The number of times of described pickling circulation is 2 ~ 3 times.
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