CN103941161A - On-line monitoring system for current and carrying capacity of cable sheath - Google Patents
On-line monitoring system for current and carrying capacity of cable sheath Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an on-line monitoring system for the current and carrying capacity of a cable sheath, belonging to the field of a power cable on-line monitoring technology. The technical scheme is as follows: firstly, setting a plurality of different measurement points, intersecting and interconnecting clamp current sensors sleeved on the inlet wire of an earth box under the condition that a cable electrically operates, and acquiring the sheath current signals; obtaining the cable capacity data by a clamp current sensor sleeved on a cable body; secondly, synchronously acquiring the sheath current signals and the capacity data through the clamp current sensor sleeved on the cable body; thirdly, uploading the acquired sheath current signals and the capacity data to an upper computer for theoretical calculation; and fourthly, comparing the sheath current signals acquired in real time and expected sheath current values under a non-fault condition, and simultaneously comparing the sheath current values of the different measuring points so as to position, early warn and reminder faults. According to the on-line monitoring system, the current which flows through a power cable metal sheath can be monitored on line, so that the reliable basis can be provided for the faults in the process of diagnosing the cable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cable sheath current and current-carrying capacity online monitoring system, in particular to a method for synchronously measuring the sheath current and the current-carrying capacity of a power cable and simulating and calculating the expected value of the sheath current of each measuring point in fault and non-fault states, and belongs to the technical field of power cable online monitoring.
Background
When the two ends of the medium and high voltage cable are grounded simultaneously or in a cross interconnection mode, a closed loop is formed between the cable protective layer and the ground. The sum of the induced current in this loop due to the induced voltage and the leakage current in the cable insulation is called sheath current. Currently, in the sheath current calculation method of the background art, a current induced by an induced voltage in a metal sheath of a cable is regarded as a sheath current of the cable, and a leakage current generated in insulation of the cable is ignored because its amplitude is small [1-3 ]. Neglecting the leakage current causes an increase in error between the calculation result and the actual result, and when fault diagnosis is performed under the condition of high loop impedance, misdiagnosis is easily generated on the operation condition of the cable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an on-line monitoring system for the sheath current and the current-carrying capacity of a cable, which simulates the sheath current under the condition of common cable joint faults by establishing a reasonable mathematical model, provides a reliable basis for subsequent cable fault diagnosis and positioning, and solves the problems of insufficient consideration on the influence of the sheath current and insufficient analysis on the sheath current under the condition of faults in the background technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a cable sheath current and current-carrying capacity on-line monitoring system comprises the following steps:
firstly, setting a plurality of different measuring points, sleeving a pincerlike current sensor on an incoming line of a cross interconnection grounding box under the condition of live operation of a cable, and acquiring a sheath current signal; acquiring current-carrying capacity data of the cable through a pincerlike current sensor sleeved on the cable body;
secondly, synchronously acquiring a sheath current signal and current-carrying capacity data by a data acquisition card;
thirdly, uploading the acquired sheath current signals and the current-carrying capacity data to an upper computer for theoretical calculation;
comparing the sheath current value acquired in real time with the expected sheath current value under the non-fault condition, simultaneously comparing the sheath current values of different measuring points, automatically identifying the fault type of the fault in the cable under the abnormal condition, positioning the fault and giving an early warning prompt.
When a cable line adopts a cross interconnection mode that two ends are directly grounded, a pincerlike current sensor is respectively arranged at the wire inlets of two cross interconnection grounding boxes (JX 1 and JX 2), each cross interconnection grounding box is provided with 3 wire inlets, (as shown in figure 1, three wire inlets of the cross interconnection grounding box JX1 are A1 (A2), B1 (B2) and C1 (C2)), and six measuring points are arranged in total; synchronously acquiring current waveforms of all measurement points through a data acquisition card, and obtaining six groups of current waveforms each time; meanwhile, the current-carrying capacity in the cable is synchronously acquired by three current sensors respectively sleeved on the three-phase cable body; the coaxial cable is used as a cross-connection wiring to connect the cable connector and the cross-connection grounding box, and the current value measured by the current sensor is the vector sum of the currents flowing through the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable. This is also not considered by the current sheath diagnostics of the prior art and is an important feature of the present invention.
The method adopts a computer simulation mode, and calculates the expected sheath current value under the non-fault condition, namely the sheath current theoretical value according to the original data and the algorithm of the power cable; sheath current in the non-fault case includes induced current generated by induced voltage in the cable and leakage current generated by insulation resistance; the influence factors of the induced current comprise the current-carrying capacity of the cable, the length of the cable section, the cable laying mode and the design parameters of the cable body; the leakage current mainly consists of capacitance current flowing through the cable insulation and is influenced by the running voltage of the cable and the length of the cable section; considering the effect of leakage current on sheath current magnitude in both fault and non-fault conditions is another major feature of the present invention.
The invention can carry out on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis on the cables with the return wires and without the return wires, the cable circuits with the return wires are mainly distinguished by the change of the resistance value of the ground resistance, the different resistance values of the ground can influence the magnitude of the current in the metal protective layer, and the current can be changed by times according to the design mode of the return wires of the circuits.
The invention comprises a current sensor, a front-end processor, a communication system, an upper computer, a power supply unit and an alarm unit. The system is characterized in that (I) the current and the current-carrying capacity of the cable sheath at each measuring point in each large circulation section of a cable line are automatically and synchronously acquired; and (II) through a program arranged in the system, the expected values of sheath current faults and non-fault states at each measuring point can be subjected to simulation calculation and stored in a database, so that an important reference is provided for further fault diagnosis and positioning. The invention provides great support for monitoring the running state of the cable in real time and reacting to abnormal conditions in time.
The method has the advantages that the current flowing through the metal sheath of the power cable can be monitored on line, the current expected value of each sheath current measuring point under the conditions of faults and non-faults can be simulated through theoretical calculation, and reliable basis is provided for diagnosing the faults in the cable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a body wiring diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein 1 refers to a three-phase transmission line, 2 refers to a cable terminal connector, 3 refers to a direct grounding box (J1 refers to a first direct grounding box, J2 refers to a second direct grounding box), 4 refers to a pincerlike current sensor, 5 refers to a metal sheath outgoing line, 6 refers to an intermediate connector, 7 refers to a small section of a cross interconnection cable, 8 refers to a cross interconnection grounding box, JX1 refers to a first cross interconnection grounding box, JX2 refers to a second cross interconnection grounding box, and # 1- #9 respectively refer to nine small sections of cables;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a theoretical calculation method of an induced current generated by an induced voltage according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for calculating the sheath current of the cross-connect cable under non-fault conditions in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the current flowing in 6 measurement points of a cross-coupled grounded tank of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the cross-connect tank when water is admitted;
FIG. 7 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a C1-C2 joint insulating spacer breakdown at JX1 joint.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A cable sheath current and current-carrying capacity on-line monitoring system comprises the following steps:
sleeving a pincerlike current sensor on an incoming line of a cross-connection grounding box under the condition of live operation of a cable, and acquiring a sheath current signal; acquiring the current-carrying capacity data of the cable through a pincerlike current sensor sleeved on the cable body; collecting current signals synchronously through a data acquisition card; and thirdly, the acquired sheath current and current-carrying capacity data are uploaded to an upper computer for theoretical calculation, so that a reliable basis is provided for further diagnosing the cable fault.
More specific embodiments:
referring to fig. 1, the cable line adopts a cross-connection mode with two ends directly grounded, wherein the connection mode of the metal sheath is as follows: A1-B2, B1-C2, C1-A2; B3-C4, C3-A4 and A3-B4. The induced current flowing in the metal sheath is shown in figure 2,respectively representing the induced currents in the three sheath loops,respectively representing the current carrying capacity in a three-phase cable,which represents the length of the cable segment and,，…，，…，respectively representing the respective induced voltage and impedance in the corresponding nine cable segments, representing the ground resistance. The sum of the induced currents in the three loops can be found by fig. 3, as shown in equation (1):
the induced voltage in equation (1) can be calculated by equation (2):
whereinThe self-inductance of the three-phase cable is represented,mutual inductance between the a-phase B-phase, the B-phase C-phase, and the a-phase C-phase cable is expressed, and can be obtained by equation (3):
wherein,which represents the diameter of the core of the cable,the representations represent the intervals between the a-phase, B-phase, C-phase and a-phase, C-phase cables, respectively.
The line impedance in equation (1) can be derived from the following equation:
wherein,the unit resistance of the metal protection layer is shown,the unit inductive reactance of the metal protective layer is shown. They can be obtained by calculation from equations (5) (6):
in formula (6)Which represents the resistivity of the conductor,the cross-sectional area of the metal sheath is shown,which is indicative of the temperature coefficient of the conductor,representing the ambient temperature. Substituting equations (2) - (6) into equation (1) can calculate the amplitude of the sum of the induced currents in the three sheath loops.
Sheath current includes not only induced current generated by the induced voltage, but also capacitive current flowing through the insulation. As shown in figure 4 of the drawings,representing the capacitive currents generated in cable #1 flowing in both directions,、representing the capacitive current generated in cable #2 flowing in both directions, and so on,representing the two directions of capacitive current generated in the #9 cable. Total capacitive current generated in each cable segmentCan be calculated by the following formula:
wherein,representing the operating voltage of the length of cable.Representing the unit capacitance of the cable insulation, the amplitude of which can be calculated by equation (8):
the capacitance current generated in the small circulation section of each cable can be divided into two directions under the action of the resistor, and the size of the divided capacitance current is determined by the size of the impedance in the path. Taking a #1 cable as an example:
by analogy, the shunted capacitance current generated in all the small circulation sections of the cable can be calculated.
A power cable sheath current data acquisition system is shown in fig. 5. In 2 cross-connected earthed boxes respectivelyThe wire inlet is provided with a pincer-shaped current sensor, and a total of 6 measuring points are arranged, whereinRepresenting the current measured by three inlet current transformers of a JX1 cross-connected grounding box,the current measured by three inlet current transformers of the JX2 cross-interconnected grounding box is shown. Since each cross interconnection line is connected to two loops, the current signal measured by the split core current transformer is the vector sum of the currents of the two loops.
For the cross-connected grounding box JX1, the currents measured by the current transformers at the three measuring points are respectivelyThen, equation (10) can be obtained, which is as follows:
for the cross-connected grounding box JX2, the currents measured by the current transformers at the three measuring points are respectivelyThen, equation (11) can be obtained, which is as follows:
wherein the current flowing in each small circulation section of the cable is the sum of the induced current and the capacitance current. Their amplitude can be calculated by the following formula:
substituting the formula (12) into the formula (11) can calculate the theoretical calculation value of the sheath current measured at the 6 measurement points under the non-fault state.
The current change of the cable sheath caused by the three faults of the fracture of the metal sheath of the cable, the water inlet of the cross interconnection grounding box and the breakdown of the joint insulating partition plate can be diagnosed by the on-line cable monitoring system and the position of a fault point can be positioned to the sheath loop or the fault joint. When the cable has an open circuit fault caused by sheath breakage, the current in the fault loop becomes 0. The sheath current at the measurement point containing the faulty loop will drop compared to normal.
When cross-connect JX1 intake, because the inside and outside water of interconnection box links to each other, lead to the water area to be greater than the interconnection box area far away, so the resistance of water is ignored. The equivalent circuit diagram is shown in fig. 6. When the fault occurs, the original three sheath loops are changed into 6 fault loops due to fault grounding. The six fault currents are defined asThen, depending on the voltage and impedance in the loop, one can deduce:
the induced currents at the six measurement points can be represented by equation (14), with the capacitance current remaining constant:
breakdown failure of joint insulating partition at C1-C2The equivalent circuit diagram is shown in fig. 7. When the joint C1-C2 has a fault, the fault does not affectThe current in the loop is the case, so in FIG. 7, this loop is omitted. In the drawingsAnd representing the fault current flowing in the four fault branches respectively, and obtaining the values of the fault current in the four branches by using a loop current method. Three loop currents are respectively defined as Then, one can deduce:
fault currentCan be expressed by equation (18):
the values of the induced currents at the six measurement points can be expressed by equation (19) according to the sensor mounting position, and the values of the capacitance currents are kept constant:
the theoretical values of the sheath currents which can be measured by the measuring points under the three fault conditions are analyzed, and the health state of the cable line can be evaluated by comparing the sheath currents which are acquired in real time with the expected sheath current values under the non-fault conditions and comparing the sheath currents of different measuring points. The expected value of the sheath current under the non-fault condition of the sheath current of the power cable and the ratio of the sheath current of different measuring points are stored in a database in the main station after simulation calculation. When the data returned by the cable sheath current monitoring data acquisition terminal reaches the fault identification level after calculation, the system gives an alarm and gives an early warning prompt. In addition to the simulation calculation, the expected sheath current value in the non-fault sheath current state can be obtained by acquiring actual data in a period of time to obtain an average value.
In addition to diagnostics of cross-connect cable systems with return wires installed, the present invention allows for on-line monitoring of cross-connect cable systems without return wires installed. The most important difference between the two is the magnitude of the resistance value of the ground resistor. Since the return line is usually a metal wire, the sheath loop is routed through the return line, and the impedance in the entire loop is small. If no return line is installed, the sheath loop is looped through the ground, and the total impedance in the loop is affected by the ground resistance. According to different geographic conditions, the ground resistance in each cable system is different, and under normal conditions, the resistance value range floats between 4 omega and 10 omega. This requires that the simulation result be made close to the actual result by measuring the ground resistance before the simulation calculation. By setting the size of the ground resistor, the three-phase cable system in two states of whether a return line is installed or not can be monitored on line.
The power cable sheath current on-line monitoring system has the advantage that the current and the current-carrying capacity of the cable sheath can be measured on line in real time through the current transformers which are arranged at the cross interconnection box and sleeved on the cable body. When the cable grounding system has a fault, the power cable sheath current online monitoring system can be comprehensively used with a cable fault diagnosis system, the fault can be timely found at the early stage of the fault and can be positioned to a fault point, important information support is provided for the maintenance and overhaul work of cable management personnel, and an important role is played in the aspect of ensuring the stable operation of a power system.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a cable sheath electric current and current-carrying capacity on-line monitoring system which characterized in that includes the following step:
firstly, setting a plurality of different measuring points, sleeving a pincerlike current sensor on an incoming line of a cross interconnection grounding box under the condition of live operation of a cable, and acquiring a sheath current signal; acquiring current-carrying capacity data of the cable through a pincerlike current sensor sleeved on the cable body;
secondly, synchronously acquiring a sheath current signal and current-carrying capacity data by a data acquisition card;
thirdly, uploading the acquired sheath current signals and the current-carrying capacity data to an upper computer for theoretical calculation;
comparing the sheath current value acquired in real time with the expected sheath current value under the non-fault condition, simultaneously comparing the sheath current values of different measuring points, automatically identifying the fault type of the fault in the cable under the abnormal condition, positioning the fault and giving an early warning prompt.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein when the cable is connected in a cross-connection manner with two ends directly connected to ground, the current sensors are installed at the inlets of two cross-connection grounding boxes (JX 1 and JX 2) respectively, each of the cross-connection grounding boxes has three inlets, and six measurement points are provided; synchronously acquiring current waveforms of all measurement points through a data acquisition card, and obtaining six groups of current waveforms each time; meanwhile, the current-carrying capacity in the cable is synchronously acquired by three current sensors respectively sleeved on the three-phase cable body; the coaxial cable is used as a cross-connection wiring to connect the cable connector and the cross-connection grounding box, and the current value measured by the current sensor is the vector sum of the currents flowing through the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable.
3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the expected sheath current value under non-fault condition, i.e. sheath current theoretical value, is calculated by computer simulation based on the original data and algorithm of the power cable; sheath current in the non-fault case includes induced current generated by induced voltage in the cable and leakage current generated by insulation resistance; the influence factors of the induced current comprise the current-carrying capacity of the cable, the length of the cable section, the cable laying mode and the design parameters of the cable body; the leakage current mainly consists of capacitance current flowing through the cable insulation and is influenced by the running voltage of the cable and the length of the cable section; the effect of leakage current on the sheath current amplitude is considered in both fault and non-fault conditions.
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