CN103938909B - A kind of building with steam line - Google Patents

Abstract

One kind building, the architectural establishment has a steam line, and above-mentioned steam line is provided with gas outlet in the correct position of floor, and the outside that the air inlet of above-mentioned steam line extends to the building is communicated with the gas on the outside of the building.

Description

A kind of building with steam line

Technical field

The application is related to a kind of building.

Background technology

The furniture of flammable decoration, chemical fibre carpet and foamed plastics filling displays more, these combustibles in modern building Substantial amounts of poison gas and heat can be produced in combustion, while to consume substantial amounts of oxygen.In building fire, smog It is to hinder people's escape, causes trapped personnel main causes of death.The reason for according to Britain to being caused casualties in fire, unites Meter shows, due to anthracemia death by suffocation or by other poison gas smoke the dead typically constitute from total death toll 40%~ 50%, and among the people being scorched to death, most first Poisoning chokes are scorched to death after falling in a swoon.When fire occurs, because burning will disappear Substantial amounts of oxygen is consumed, the oxygen concentration in air is remarkably decreased, people in the environment of this hypoxemia, will result in breathing for a long time Obstacle, lose one's marbles, spasm, blue in the face, or even death by suffocation.In building when fire burning is vigorous, it can also produce big The carbon dioxide of amount, after the carbon dioxide of the concentration of human contact 10%~20%, can cause dizzy, stupor, expiratory dyspnea, very Benumbed to central nervous system, make one to lose consciousness, cause death.In addition, can also produce some has stronger thorn to human body Swash the gas of effect, allow people can not see direction clearly, the environment being very familiar with originally can also become to be beyond recognition its evacuation route and go out Mouthful.People can correctly judge minimum 5 meters of the visibility that direction is out of danger in smoky environment, when the visual field of people drop to 3 meters with Under, flee the scene just extremely difficult.People is in smog, and psychology is extremely unstable, can produce feeling of terror, thus he it is panic, to group Knit evacuation action and cause very big difficulty.Meanwhile, flue gas has interception, and very big barrier can be caused to evacuation and pick-up operation Hinder.Therefore, smog is to the asphyxia endangered mainly caused by the toxic gas that burning is produced of human body and to human organ Stimulate and high temperature action.Control smog has " Smoke prevention " and " smoke evacuation " two ways at present, and people escape when running into dense smoke in way Also it is only capable of accomplishing semi-crouch or creeps, to breathe the still untainted fresh air on residual ground, people can also be using escape Mask or wet towel or wet cloth stop smog.But such scheme is not avoided that escape personnel is fleeing from fire process by smog Besiege, cause life danger.How to avoid infringement of the smog to people to be one when fire occurs for building and be badly in need of asking for breakthrough Topic.

The content of the invention

The purpose of the application is to provide a kind of building, can when people flee from process or hidden when fire occurs for building Prevent harm of the smog that fire is produced to human body.

To reach above-mentioned purpose, the application is adopted the following technical scheme that：

One kind building, the architectural establishment has steam line, and above-mentioned steam line is provided with out in the correct position of floor Gas port, the outside that the air inlet of above-mentioned steam line extends to the building is communicated with the gas on the outside of the building, described to supply Feed channel extends downwardly the outside built backward and extended a distance into, and the smog produced during due to fire is flowed up, because The air of the lower section of this building does not have smog usually, such as goes out to the place extended a distance into such as 10 meters on the outside of building The possibility of existing smog is just lower；

Wherein, steam line, the structure bag of above-mentioned building are provided with the outside of the inside of the structure of the building or structure The post or beam or plate or shear wall or brick wall of above-mentioned building are included, the outside of said structure includes the outside of post or outside or the plate of beam Outside or the outside of shear wall or the outside or glass curtain of the outside of brick wall or steel construction side；

Wherein, the suitable position is included by staircase or aisle or half space or toilet or window or by balcony Or in bedroom or in parlor or on building floor；

Wherein, the staircase or aisle are provided with gas outlet every a segment distance；

Wherein, the gas outlet of the steam line is connected with a roll of escape pipe, and the above-mentioned a roll of deployable extension of escape pipe is carried For using, above-mentioned gas outlet is arranged on one and is provided with the box body of lid, and above-mentioned a roll of escape pipe is also disposed at above-mentioned carry In the box body of lid, also technical scheme be the steam line extend into it is above-mentioned be provided with the box body of lid, above-mentioned confession The gas outlet of feed channel, which is located in above-mentioned box body and is provided with valve, above-mentioned box body, is additionally provided with a roll of escape pipe, when using User opens the lid and opens valve is directed at gas outlet air-breathing with mouth again, and user also can be taken off above-mentioned a roll of escape pipe with going out Gas port connects and opens valve, pull-out escape pipe breathes through one's mouth.

Wherein, the gas outlet is provided with switch or valve or lid set or pressure regulator, above-mentioned gas outlet and above-mentioned opens Pass or valve or pressure regulator are arranged in a box body, and above-mentioned pressure regulator is used for adjusting the gas flow rate of gas outlet, Also technical scheme is that above-mentioned gas outlet is not provided with switch or valve or pressure regulator, and above-mentioned gas outlet is arranged on one In the sealed non-flammable box body with lid, the switch of above-mentioned lid and sealed box body formation gas outlet is opened above-mentioned Gas outlet just can be used in lid, when the air inlet of the steam line is connected with malleation air supply plant, starts during fire above-mentioned Forced draft device, be just full of in above-mentioned sealed box body by building it is outer be sent into not by smog pollution gas and in seal box Malleation is formed in vivo, and user opens the lid with regard to the inhalable gas given off by gas outlet；

Wherein, the gas outlet is arranged in box body, and also technical scheme is that the gas outlet is arranged on and sealedly carried In the box body of lid, above-mentioned gas outlet is connected with the osculum of a horn-like hermetic bag, above-mentioned horn-like hermetic bag it is big Opening forms new air outlet space, and the head of user or face can enter in above-mentioned horn-like hermetic bag, above-mentioned hermetic bag It is arranged in above-mentioned sealed box body；

Wherein, the air inlet of the steam line is connected with gas-filtering device or is connected with air purifying room or and oxygen Room connects or is connected with fresh air conditioner computer room；

Wherein, the air inlet of the steam line be connected with blower fan or with malleation supply gas equipment be connected or be connected with air pump or Be connected with air compressor machine, above-mentioned blower fan or malleation supply gas equipment or air pump or air compressor machine power supply using municipal supply line or cell Public supply line or the supply line of other buildings；

Wherein, one end of the steam line is connected with a roll of flexible pipe, and the air inlet of above-mentioned flexible pipe is the air supply pipe The air inlet in road, the air inlet of above-mentioned steam line is movably arranged, and also scheme is the air inlet setting of the steam line Green plants side outside building.

After adopting the above technical scheme, we can on the interior wall of aisle and staircase every a segment distance set one or Multiple gas outlets, when the building occurs during fire people flee from building by staircase, when aisle or staircase fill During full smog, the people of escape will be stopped by smog and can not be by aisle or staircase, after adopting the above technical scheme, escaping Raw people can open valve or switch sucks air by described gas outlet, be built because the air inlet of steam line is arranged on The outside built is not influenceed by smog, or the air inlet as steam line described in above-mentioned technical proposal and gas mistake The connection of filter device is connected with air purifying room or is connected with oxygen room or the connection of fresh air conditioner computer room, then even if smog spreads At to this, but the gas for entering steam line from above-mentioned air inlet will not be by smog pollution, therefore people can be by going out Closing switch is wanted to penetrate into steam line with protection from fumes after the air that gas port suction is not influenceed by smog, user's suction air, so After suppress breathing and advance a period of time such as 5-20 seconds, the exhalation air at another gas outlet, while opening another outlet The switch of mouth sucks closing switch after air by another above-mentioned gas outlet and moved on, and so circulation can constantly advance simultaneously And smog will not be sucked, so as to ensure the safety of life and building can be fled from.Certain preferred embodiments are in the connection of air inlet one end There are malleation air supply plant or malleation to supply gas equipment, automatic start or manually start malleation air supply plant when a fire, so The people of escape can open the valve or switch of gas outlet and suck air by described gas outlet, just therefore people as described above The air that not influenceed by smog can be sucked by gas outlet, user sucks air, it is ensured that the oxygen demand of user, makes User is sucked after air, if at this moment user forgets that closing switch also has no relations, because the gas in steam line is by malleation The effect of air supply plant constantly can give off the infiltration that gas prevents smog from gas outlet, and such escape personnel's air-breathing and suppressing is exhaled Such as 5-20 seconds a period of time of advancing, the exhalation air at another gas outlet are inhaled, then is sucked by another above-mentioned gas outlet Moved on after air, so circulating escape personnel can advance and will not suck smog, thus ensure life safety and can Fire building is fled from, we use while each position sets multiple gas outlets to meet many people in same position, when We can meet the convenience that escape personnel uses gas outlet when one section of escape pipe of movable pull-out is set in gas outlet.Above-mentioned skill Art scheme also has the following advantages that：Steam line, the knot of above-mentioned building are provided with the outside of the inside configuration or structure of the building Include the post or beam or plate or shear wall or brick wall of above-mentioned building inside structure, because steam line is arranged on the mechanism of above-mentioned building Inside, the structure for occurring to build during fire just plays a part of fire-proof and thermal-insulation, plays a part of protection to steam line, and supply Feed channel using minor diameter stainless steel tube or iron pipe be embedded in the structure of above-mentioned building, the influence to structure design less or Structure design is easy to strengthen, and is so just designed to the outward appearance of building and in building design stage using will not bring shadow Ring, such as built up or come into operation, then steam line can be arranged on by above-mentioned technical proposal the structure of building Outside, include on the outside of said structure the outside or the outside of beam of post or the outside in the outside or brick wall of the outside of plate or shear wall or The outside of steel construction or the side of glass curtain, this can bring certain influence on the surface effect of building, but according to the layout of building The optimization design that design carries out steam line still can be preferably minimized influence, be applied while the steam line of peripheral hardware need to brush fire prevention Material plays fire-proof and thermal-insulation；Also described gas outlet is arranged on by staircase or aisle or half space or toilet or window Or by balcony or in bedroom or in parlor or on floor or at corner, when gas outlet is arranged on staircase every a segment distance or walks When on road, it is possible to provide continuous not by the oxygenous gas of smog pollution in the process for fleeing from building to escape personnel, Ensure that escape personnel will not be besieged by the stop of aisle or staircase smog, besieged, escape by flame even in the process of fleeing from Personnel can also rely on the gas of suction gas outlet and continue life and wait for rescue or wait continuation after fray-out of flame to escape, and work as outlet Mouth is when being arranged in toilet, due to object flammable in toilet seldom, and escape personnel hides in toilet to be burnt by flame The possibility of wound does not almost have, and has the water source supply of abundance in toilet, and even if having, part is on fire can also to be put out with water, defended Water source in life may also provide drunk water to escape personnel the need for and can play a part of cooling, but toilet be easy to by Smog is full of, and present escape personnel is to hide into toilet unless it is absolutely necessary, after adopting the above technical scheme, we Above-mentioned gas outlet is provided with toilet, toilet can turn into good refuge when a fire, and at this moment escape people Member only needs to hide the work for shutting the door into toilet and doing the best possible and preventing that smog from entering toilet, even if toilet enters cigarette Mist simultaneously also has no relations full of toilet, and escape personnel ensures that suction is not contaminated by the gas outlet being arranged in toilet Live gas, we can set two or more gas outlet, each gas outlet and independent air supply pipe in toilet Road is connected, and the purpose is to ensure that other gas steam lines still can be with work if a steam line system goes wrong Make, which guarantee the supply of live gas in toilet, illustrate that a gas outlet can meet many people and use here, specifically Method is to suppress after people's air-breathing to breathe, and allows another person to use, is to maintain because a people sucks a bite live gas The time of many seconds, during this period of time gas outlet, which can intert, is supplied to other staff to use, when gas outlet is arranged on balcony When, escape personnel just gas outlet continuity life can be used to wait for rescue in balcony, and conventional many escape personnel ran away to balcony wait During rescue, outwards flowed full of balcony because smog rushes from the room, balcony combustible is seldom, but the smog for spreading out can allow and escape Stranger person suffocates, so many escape personnel usually climb and are hung in from balcony outside balcony, is finally short of physical strength and also drops into ground, more There is escape personnel directly to jump out of the building, the escape personnel jumped out of the building according to statistics in fire incident accounts for 1/3rd of death toll, when building Also normal someone is trapped in by window when building generation fire, if at this moment besieged by smog, and escape personnel is equally frequently with climbing out of window Outer dangerous play, because the speed of smoke flow is more than the speed of flame propagation, so the person of jumping out of the building was more in accident case in the past It is due to room by smog full of being forced to climb out of window or jumping out of the building, when after adopting the above technical scheme, above-mentioned gas outlet is arranged on When by the window in bedroom or parlor, escape personnel's upper just many methods of escape together at heart, stranded escape personnel can be rapid The combustible on window side is cleared up, prevents that naked light occurs by window, has cleared up after the combustible by window, escape personnel can pass through Gas outlet suction live gas by window, which sustains life, to be waited for rescue, and is even more that increase is obtained if flameproof fabric is had by window The possibility rescued, because flameproof fabric can stop the injury of flame and high temperature to human body；Also described steam line is extended into State and be provided with the box body of lid, the gas outlet of above-mentioned steam line is located in above-mentioned box body and is provided with valve, above-mentioned box body A roll of escape pipe is inside additionally provided with, user opens the lid and opens valve when using is directed at gas outlet air-breathing with mouth again, uses Person also can be taken off above-mentioned a roll of escape pipe be connected with gas outlet and open valve, pull out escape pipe breathe through one's mouth, this is both increased The convenience used；Further, the gas outlet is provided with switch or valve or lid set or pressure regulator, above-mentioned gas outlet and upper State switch or valve or pressure regulator is arranged in a box body, above-mentioned switch or valve are to close when usual, it is ensured that worm Thing will not enter steam line, and above-mentioned pressure regulator is used for adjusting the gas flow rate of gas outlet, it is ensured that build going out for lowrise layer The air pressure of gas port and the air pressure of the gas outlet of high-storey are essentially identical, while ensureing the comfortableness that user is used air-flow, also Have technical scheme be above-mentioned gas outlet be not provided with switch or valve or pressure regulator, above-mentioned gas outlet be arranged on one it is close In the non-flammable box body with lid of envelope, the switch of above-mentioned lid and sealed box body formation gas outlet opens above-mentioned box Lid just can be used gas outlet, when the air inlet of the steam line is connected with malleation air supply plant, start during fire it is above-mentioned just Force feed wind apparatus, be just full of in above-mentioned sealed box body by building it is outer be sent into not by smog pollution gas and sealing box body Interior formation malleation, user opens the lid the just inhalable gas given off by gas outlet, this be all it is effective easily Technical scheme；The gas outlet of also described steam line is arranged in the sealedly box body with lid, the air inlet of steam line Mouthful it is connected with malleation equipment of supplying gas, above-mentioned gas outlet is connected with the osculum of a horn-like hermetic bag, it is above-mentioned horn-like close The big opening of envelope forms new air outlet space, and the head of user or face can enter in above-mentioned horn-like hermetic bag, on State hermetic bag to be arranged in above-mentioned sealed box body, usually hermetic bag is foldable is put into above-mentioned box body, and user beats when using Lid and the valve of gas outlet are opened, barotropic gas will be flowed into above-mentioned hermetic bag, at this moment user can put in head sealing Bag internal respiration encases face or respiratory nasal with the opening of hermetic bag greatly, if smog infilters hermetic bag when using, uses Smog easily crush seal bag can be expelled from hermetic bag and reused by person, and this has good convenience, also has most succinct Scheme is that gas outlet is set directly in box body, and user opens the valve of gas outlet when using, and just there is barotropic gas gas outlet Outflow, user is only needed with mouth alignment gas outlet suction live gas；The air inlet and gas of also described steam line Filter connects or is connected with air purifying room or is connected or is connected with fresh air conditioner computer room with oxygen room, and this can ensure from entering The gas of gas port into steam line is fresh to be contaminated；The air inlet of also described steam line be connected with blower fan or with Malleation supply gas equipment connection or be connected or be connected with air compressor machine with air pump, this ensure be arranged on build in gas outlet have positive pressure gas Stream flow out simultaneously ensure that the smog produced during fire will not infilter steam line, while this be also convenient for user's air-breathing convenience and Efficiency, above-mentioned blower fan or malleation supply gas equipment or air pump or air compressor machine power supply using municipal supply line or the public power supply of cell The supply lines of circuit or other buildings, it ensure that blower fan or malleation are supplied gas needed for equipment or air pump or compressor operation Power supply is powered off when will not be occurred fire by the building to be influenceed；One end of also described steam line is connected with a roll of soft Pipe, the air inlet of above-mentioned flexible pipe is the air inlet of the steam line, and the air inlet of above-mentioned steam line is movably arranged, this If the smog that fire is produced when ensureing to occur fire spreads to air inlet, then we can be moved to air inlet no smog Place because above-mentioned a roll of flexible pipe is deployable and extends movement.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is arranged on the diagrammatic cross-section by window for the gas outlet of the application first embodiment steam line；

Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the application first embodiment partial enlargement；

Fig. 3 is arranged on the diagrammatic cross-section of staircase for the gas outlet of the application second embodiment steam line.

Embodiment

As described in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is that the gas outlet of steam line is arranged on the diagrammatic cross-section by window, and building 1 is provided with confession Feed channel 3, above-mentioned steam line 3 is provided with gas outlet 5, above-mentioned air supply pipe by the side of window 6 of floor and other windows The outside that the air inlet 7 in road 3 extends to the building 1 is communicated with the air on the outside of the building 1, and above-mentioned steam line 3 enters Gas port 7 is connected with air compressor machine 2, when fire occurs for above-mentioned building 1, when people are forced to by window by fire, because smog can be rapid Full of room and to flowing outside window, at this moment flame does not usually spread to window or never spread to by window, but due to cigarette Mist can make one asphyxia, so because that can not breathe causing life danger with usual someone or causing the result jumped out of the building, using above-mentioned After technical scheme, escape personnel can by gas outlet 5 breathing to fresh air avoid danger and be unlikely to be eager to jump out of the building or by Life danger is caused in suction smog, so can at least play a part of extension and wait for rescue the time.

As shown in Fig. 2 Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the application first embodiment partial enlargement, building 1 is provided with air supply pipe Road 3, above-mentioned steam line 3 is provided with gas outlet 5 by window 6, and the air inlet of above-mentioned steam line 3 extends to the building 1 Outside with it is described building 1 outside air communicate, above-mentioned gas outlet 5 is arranged in the box body 9 with lid 8, above-mentioned lid 8 Made with box body 9 of stainless steel to prevent high temperature of fire, when using user can open the lid 8 with mouths against the air-breathing of gas outlet 5, when So we can also be provided with a roll of escape pipe in box body 9 and are connected with gas outlet 5, and open the lid 8, taking-up above-mentioned a roll when using Escape pipe simultaneously deploys extension and used, and this can increase the convenience used, and roofing 11 is extended in the termination 10 of steam line 3, above-mentioned Termination 10 is provided with valve, and valve can be opened during maintenance and injects disinfecting cleaning liquid rinse steam line from the top down.

As shown in figure 3, Fig. 3 is arranged on the section signal of staircase for the gas outlet of the application second embodiment steam line Steam line is provided with figure, the wall of the staircase of building 15, above-mentioned steam line extends downwardly into the bottom of building 15 simultaneously To building 15 outside extend a distance into, therefore above-mentioned steam line air inlet be located at building 15 outside, above-mentioned supply The air inlet of pipeline is connected with forced draft equipment and air cleaner, is provided with staircase every on the metope of a segment distance The gas outlet of above-mentioned steam line, as shown in figure 3, building 15 staircase layer 5 metope on be provided with gas outlet 12, Gas outlet 13, gas outlet 16, gas outlet 17, gas outlet 18, are spaced a distance between them, as shown in figure 3, the of staircase One layer of metope, second layer metope, third layer metope, the 4th layer of metope are all disposed with the gas outlet of above-mentioned steam line, so, when When fire occurs for building 15, automatic start or manually start malleation and supply gas equipment, the escape personnel of such layer 5 can pass through institute The gas outlet 12 stated, which sucks to suppress to breathe after the air not influenceed by smog, user's suction air, continues to advance downwards, at this moment If user forgets that the valve for closing gas outlet 12 also has no relations, because the gas in steam line is supplied gas equipment by malleation Act on constantly can give off the infiltration that gas prevents smog from gas outlet 12, and such escape personnel's air-breathing simultaneously suppresses breathing advance one The section time such as 3-10 seconds, the local exhalation air in another gas outlet 13 or gas outlet 16, then pass through above-mentioned gas outlet 13 Or moved on after the suction of gas outlet 16 air, survivor, which can advance downwards safely, after so circulating can't suck smog, So as to ensure the safety of life and building 15 can be fled from downwards.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of building with steam line, it is characterised in that：The architectural establishment has steam line, and steam line uses energy The stainless steel tube or iron pipe for the minor diameter being enough embedded in building structure, above-mentioned steam line are provided with the correct position of floor Gas outlet, it is that a segment distance is provided with gas outlet in staircase or aisle that above-mentioned correct position, which is provided with gas outlet, above-mentioned The outside that the air inlet of steam line extends to the building is communicated with the gas on the outside of the building, and people inhale by gas outlet Enter the air not influenceed by smog.

2. a kind of building with steam line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The inside configuration of the building or Steam line is provided with the outside of structure.

3. a kind of building with steam line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute gas outlet is additionally arranged at health Between or window by or balcony by or bedroom in or parlor in or building floor on.

4. a kind of building with steam line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The gas outlet of the steam line It is connected with a roll of escape pipe, the above-mentioned a roll of deployable extension offer of escape pipe is used.

5. a kind of building with steam line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The gas outlet is provided with switch Or valve or lid set or pressure regulator.

6. a kind of building with steam line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The gas outlet is arranged on box body It is interior.

7. a kind of building with steam line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The air inlet of the steam line It is connected with gas-filtering device or is connected with air purifying room or is connected or is connected with fresh air conditioner computer room with oxygen room.

8. a kind of building with steam line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The air inlet of the steam line It is connected with blower fan or is connected with malleation equipment of supplying gas or is connected or is connected with air compressor machine with air pump.

9. a kind of building with steam line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：One end of the steam line connects A roll of flexible pipe is connected to, the air inlet of above-mentioned flexible pipe is the air inlet of the steam line, the air inlet of above-mentioned steam line is moved It is dynamic to set.