CN103937470A - Water-based drilling fluid applicable to horizontal shale and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water-based drilling fluid applicable to horizontal shale and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C09K8/04—Aqueous well-drilling compositions
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- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
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- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/04—Aqueous well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/14—Clay-containing compositions
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Abstract
The invention relates to water-based drilling fluid applicable to horizontal shale and a preparation method thereof. The drilling fluid consists of the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of water, 20-60 parts of bentonite for drilling fluid, 0.4-3 parts of sodium carbonate, 2-10 parts of tackifier, 5-20 parts of shale inhibitor, 30-80 parts of filtrate reducer, 5-20 parts of small molecular coating agent, 20-50 parts of asphalt blocking anti-collapse agent, 10-20 parts of aluminum-base polymer, 30-60 parts of rigid blocking anti-collapse agent, 30-60 parts of lubricant, 5-10 parts of emulsifying agent and 100-1200 parts of weighting agent. The drilling fluid disclosed by the invention, for characteristics of a horizontal shale stratum, is excellent in inhibiting property, blocking performance and lubricating property, and is capable of effectively blocking micro-cracks and inhibiting clay hydration and swelling; even though little filtrate enters into the shale stratum along with drilling, the drilling fluid can delay hydration and swelling of the shale due to a relatively strong inhibiting property; meanwhile, due to excellent lubricating property, the drilling fluid can meet a demand of horizontal drilling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Oil-Gas Well Engineering technical field, particularly a kind of water-base drilling fluid and preparation method who is applicable to horizontal section mud shale.
Background technology
China has abundant unconventional petroleum resources, but the unconventional oil and gas development of China is scarcely out of swaddling-clothes at present.Because unconventional oil and gas reservoir generally buries in being rich in mud shale stratum, shale formation bedding, microfissure are grown, and some areas terrestrial stress effect is strong, easily degrade, fall the serious borehole well instability such as piece in drilling process.In order effectively to increase the area of draining gas, mainly with the horizontal well construction of long horizontal sections, exploratory development difficulty is large.For horizontal section mud shale stratum feature, external each major oil companies mainly adopt oil base, synthetic base drilling fluid technology to carry out the wellbore construction of shale lateral segment at present.
Although use oil base drilling fluid can be drilled to the long well section horizontal well of well rule abroad in mud shale stratum, but China's oil base drilling fluid series matching technology is relatively backward, and be difficult to realize low cost, simultaneously, can find out from the construction well data of finishing drilling, common water-base drilling fluid almost cannot meet the demand of horizontal section mud shale probing, therefore, for reducing the environmental pollution of mud shale horizontal well development cost, minimizing oil base drilling fluid, urgently research is applicable to the high performance water-based drilling fluid technology of horizontal section mud shale horizontal well development.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly in view of the foregoing defects the prior art has, a kind of water-base drilling fluid and preparation method who is applicable to horizontal section mud shale is provided, water-base drilling fluid provided by the present invention, the difficult point of creeping in conjunction with mud shale stratum feature and horizontal section, adopt for strong treatment agent, by acting between treatment agent, effectively shutoff mud shale microfracture, micro-cracks, improve Transport of Drilling Cutting In A ability simultaneously, prevent that horizontal section cutting bed from forming, the oilness that strengthens drilling fluid, at utmost drag reduction, is applicable to drilling level section mud shale stratum.
Be applicable to a water-base drilling fluid for horizontal section mud shale, formed according to weight part by following composition: water: 1000 parts, drilling fluid wilkinite: 20-60 part, sodium carbonate: 0.4-3 part, tackifier: 2-10 part, shale control agent: 5-20 part, fluid loss agent: 30-80 part, small molecules coating agent: 5-20 part, pitch class shutoff anti-sloughing agent: 20-50 part, aluminium base polymkeric substance: 10-20 part, rigidity shutoff anti-sloughing agent: 30-60 part, lubricant: 30-60 part, emulsifying agent: 5-10 part, weighting agent: 100-1200 part.
Above-mentioned tackifier are the one in biological polymer XC, process of hydrophobic associated ethoxyl cellulose compound.
Above-mentioned shale control agent is the one in organic amine, amido polyalcohols, amido silanol.
Above-mentioned fluid loss agent is one or more in branchedization resol, sulfonated-pheno-formoldehyde resin.
Above-mentioned small molecules coating agent is small molecules acrylamide polymer emulsion, and its molecular weight is 5-10 ten thousand.
Above-mentioned pitch class shutoff anti-sloughing agent is the one in emulsified bitumen, modifying asphalt, fast dispersed bitumens powder, sulfonated gilsonite.
One or more in calcium carbonate that above-mentioned rigidity shutoff anti-sloughing agent is micron particles form, marble, fiber, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, cotton seed hulls, bagasse.
Above-mentioned lubricant is one or more of plant oil modified lubricant, glass pellet, solid lubricant, polymeric alcohol lubricant.
Mentioned emulsifier adopts sorbitan monooleate.
The preparation method of a kind of water-base drilling fluid that is applicable to horizontal section mud shale that the present invention mentions, comprises following steps and makes:
A. prepare base slurry: in weight is the water of 1000 parts, adding weight is that sodium carbonate and the weight of 0.4-3 part is the drilling fluid wilkinite of 20-60 part, stirring 20-60min, prehydration 22-26h;
B. add tackifier: in the mixed solution of step a gained, adding weight is the tackifier of 2-10 part, stir;
C. add shale control agent: in the mixed solution of step b gained, adding weight is the shale control agent of 5-20 part, stir;
D. add fluid loss agent: in step c, in the drilling fluid of gained, adding weight is the fluid loss agent of 30-80 part, stir;
E. add small molecules coating agent: in steps d, in the drilling fluid of gained, adding weight is the small molecules coating agent of 5-20 part, stir;
F. add aluminium base polymkeric substance: in step e, in the drilling fluid of gained, adding weight is the aluminium base polymkeric substance of 10-20 part, stir;
G. add pitch class shutoff anti-sloughing agent: in step f, in the drilling fluid of gained, adding weight is the pitch class shutoff anti-sloughing agent of 20-50 part, stir;
H. add rigidity shutoff anti-sloughing agent: in step g, in the drilling fluid of gained, adding weight is the rigidity shutoff anti-sloughing agent of 30-60 part, stir;
I. add lubricant: in step h, in gained drilling fluid, adding weight is the lubricant of 30-60 part, stir.
J. add emulsifying agent: in step I, in gained drilling fluid, adding weight is the emulsifying agent of 5-10 part, stir;
K. add weighting agent: in step j, in gained drilling fluid, adding weight is the weighting agent of 100-1200 part, stir;
Churning time in described preparation method b, e, f, j step is 60-90 min;
Churning time in described preparation method c, d, i, g, h, k step is 20-40 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: water-base drilling fluid provided by the present invention, utilizes applicable horizontal section mud shale stratum to creep into the shutoff anti-sloughing agent of needs, effectively shutoff microfracture, micro-cracks, good ground.Adopt small molecules coating agent and shale control agent to combine, improve drilling fluid rejection, avoid conventional macromole coating agent creeping into the difficult problem of " can not adding ".Meanwhile, utilize tackifier, improve low shear rate and the yield value of drilling fluid, strengthen Transport of Drilling Cutting In A ability, reduce the formation of cutting bed.The lubricant that preferred properties is good, reduces frictional resistance to the full extent, finally makes water-base drilling fluid performance of the present invention approach oil base drilling fluid, meets horizontal section mud shale stratum probing needs.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
Preparation does not increase the weight of to be applicable to the water-base drilling fluid of horizontal section mud shale stratum: stir and in cup, add 400g fresh water at height, open stirrer, under 10000r/min, add while stirring 8g sodium bentonite, 0.16g sodium carbonate, 0.8gXC-60(Dongying city Sheng great Mierocrystalline cellulose factory), 2g organic amine (Shengli Chemical Company Ltd. Of Slof.'s production), 12g sulfonated-pheno-formoldehyde resin (SMP-I), 2g small molecules coating agent, 8g modifying asphalt (Beijing Hong Qin petroleum assistant company limited produces HQ-1), the aluminium base polymkeric substance of 4g, 12g calcium carbonate, 12g vegetable oil lubricating agent, 2g sorbitan monooleate.
embodiment 2
Preparation does not increase the weight of to be applicable to the water-base drilling fluid of horizontal section mud shale stratum: stir and in cup, add 400g fresh water at height, open stirrer, under 10000r/min, add while stirring 12g sodium bentonite, 0.16g sodium carbonate, the product that 1.2gXC-60(Dongying city Sheng great Mierocrystalline cellulose factory produces), 2g organic amine (product that Shengli Chemical Company Ltd. Of Slof. produces), 8g sulfonated-pheno-formoldehyde resin (SMP-I), branchedization of 8g resol (SPC), 6g small molecules coating agent, 12g sulfonated gilsonite (Shengli Chemical Company Ltd. Of Slof.'s production), the aluminium base polymkeric substance of 4g, 12g calcium carbonate, 18g vegetable oil lubricating agent, 2g sorbitan monooleate.
embodiment 3
Preparation does not increase the weight of to be applicable to the water-base drilling fluid of horizontal section mud shale stratum: stir and in cup, add 400g fresh water at height, open stirrer, under 10000r/min, add while stirring 24g sodium bentonite, 1.2g sodium carbonate, 4gXC-60(Dongying city Sheng great Mierocrystalline cellulose factory), 8g organic amine (Shengli Chemical Company Ltd. Of Slof.'s production), branchedization of 32g resol (SPC), 8g small molecules coating agent, 20g sulfonated gilsonite, the aluminium base polymkeric substance of 8g, 24g calcium carbonate, 24 glass pellets, 4g sorbitan monooleate.
embodiment 4
Preparation density is 1.5g/cm
3be applicable to the water-base drilling fluid of horizontal section mud shale stratum: stir and in cup, add 400g fresh water at height, open stirrer, under 10000r/min, add while stirring 16g sodium bentonite, 0.8g sodium carbonate, 1.2g XC-60(Dongying city Sheng great Mierocrystalline cellulose factory), 8g amido silanol, branchedization of 12g resol (SPC), 8g sulfonated-pheno-formoldehyde resin (SMP-I), 4g small molecules coating agent, 12g speed dispersed bitumens powder, 24g vegetable oil lubricating agent, 4g sorbitan monooleate, 292g barite.
Be applicable to a preparation method for horizontal section mud shale water-base drilling fluid, comprise following steps and make:
A. prepare base slurry: in weight is the water of 1000 parts, adding weight is that sodium carbonate and the weight of 0.4-3 part is the drilling fluid wilkinite of 20-60 part, stirring 20-60min, prehydration 22-26h;
B. add tackifier: in the mixed solution of step a gained, adding weight is the tackifier of 2-20 part, stir;
C. add shale control agent: in the mixed solution of step b gained, adding weight is 5-20 part shale control agent, stir;
D. add fluid loss agent: in step c, in the drilling fluid of gained, adding weight is the fluid loss agent of 20-50 part, stir;
E. add small molecules coating agent: in steps d, in the drilling fluid of gained, adding weight is the small molecules coating agent of 5-20 part, stir;
F. add aluminium base polymkeric substance: in step e, in the drilling fluid of gained, adding weight is the aluminium base polymkeric substance of 10-20 part, stir;
G. add pitch class shutoff anti-sloughing agent: in step f, in the drilling fluid of gained, adding weight is the pitch class shutoff anti-sloughing agent of 20-50 part, stir;
H. add rigidity shutoff anti-sloughing agent: in step g, in the drilling fluid of gained, adding weight is the rigidity shutoff anti-sloughing agent of 30-60 part, stir;
I. add lubricant: in step h, in gained drilling fluid, adding weight is the lubricant of 30-60 part, stir.
J. add emulsifying agent: in step I, in gained drilling fluid, adding weight is the emulsifying agent of 5-10 part, stir;
K. add weighting agent: in step j, in gained drilling fluid, adding weight is the weighting agent of 100-1200 part, stir;
Churning time in described preparation method b, e, f, j step is 60-90 min;
Churning time in described preparation method c, d, i, g, h, k step is 20-40 min;
Described weighting agent can be one or more in limestone powder, barite, ground hematite, manganese oxide, calcium carbonate, formate.
Below the effect in embodiment is described.
1. the fundamental property of system and surface tension
The rheological property of table 1 embodiment
1#: 150 DEG C of aging 16h of aging condition;
2#: adopt the viscosity of brookfield viscosity instrument test drilling fluid under 0.3 rev/min.
As can be seen from Table 1, embodiment 2,3,4 has good rheological and temperature resistance, low shear rate LSRV approaches or is greater than 40000mPas, show according to a large amount of practical experiences of horizontal well, when the LSRV (0.3r/min) of drilling fluid approaches or is greater than 40000mPas, drilling fluid can be lived landwaste by Effective Suspension, is conducive to prevent the formation of cutting bed.
2. shutoff test
Evaluated embodiment A PI leak-off, High Temperature High Pressure leak-off, High Temperature High Pressure casting bed invasion depth, and with density be 0.87g/cm
3oil base drilling fluid do performance comparison, result is as follows:
Table 2 embodiment filter loss test result
1: embodiment, after 160 DEG C of aging 16h, is cooled to room temperature, the filter loss recording.
2: embodiment under 150 DEG C, 3.5MPa High Temperature High Pressure, the filter loss of test 30min.
3: embodiment adopts PPA infiltration to stop up instrument under 150 DEG C, 3.5MPa High Temperature High Pressure, the filter loss of test 30min.
4: embodiment adopts high-temperature high-pressure visual casting bed instrument, selects 350cm
315 order-25 object sand grains, under 150 DEG C, 3.5MPa, test 30min filtrate invasion depth.
As can be seen from Table 2, embodiment 2,3,4 has the sealing characteristics that approaches oil base drilling fluid.
3. inhibition test
A) suppress bentonite inflated test
Select Bo Nan oil field justice 173 block horizontal section mud shale rock samples, the shale expansion height of the shale expansion experimental evaluation horizontal section mud shale drilling fluid system embodiment by SYT6335-1997 shale-control agent for drilling fluid evaluation method, and with density be 0.87g/cm
3oil base drilling fluid compare.
Experimental procedure: rock sample powder is crossed to 100 mesh sieves, after 105 ± 3 DEG C of oven dry 4h, accurately take 10.0g ± 0.01g, put into core and survey cylinder, for subsequent use after the pressure of 4.0MPa presses down 5min; Core survey cylinder and measuring staff are packed between two connecting rods of main frame and just put opening power; After zeroing, pour sample to be tested into core and survey in cylinder, time-write interval interval 1h is set, total experimental period 8h takes off result, and powered-down cleans and surveys cylinder; Calculate H-anti-swollen rate, %;
The anti-swollen rate experiment of the different embodiment of table 3
Bo Nan oil field justice 173 block horizontal section mud shale rock samples are only that 0.90mm and rock core easily come off from surveying cylinder through 8h expansion height in clear water.And horizontal section mud shale rock sample is after embodiment soaks 8h, expansion height≤0.22mm, approaches oil base drilling fluid, and the mud shale consolidation strength after embodiment soaks is still very strong simultaneously, is difficult for coming off from surveying cylinder.
B) shale rolling dispersion experiment
Select Bo Nan oil field justice 173 block horizontal section mud shale rock samples, roll and disperse the shale recovery ratio was of rate of recovery experimental evaluation embodiment by the shale of SYT6335-1997 shale-control agent for drilling fluid evaluation method, and with density be 0.87g/cm
3oil base drilling fluid compare.
Experimental procedure: take 50.0g(and be accurate to 0. 1g) be less than 6 orders, be greater than the air-dry shale sample of 10 object, pack in the digestion tank that contains 350mL embodiment solution.At 150 DEG C, heat is rolled after 16h, takes out digestion tank, is cooled to room temperature, and the sample in tank is crossed to 40 mesh sieve.40 mesh screen residues are dried to 4h at 105 DEG C, and in air the quiet 24h of putting, weigh.
Rate of recovery R
40=m/50 × 100%
R in formula
40----40 order shale recovery ratio was;
The mean value of m----40 mesh screen residue, g;
The rate of recovery of the different embodiment of table 4
Can find out from table 3 and table 4, the performance that embodiment 2,3,4 has better inhibition landwaste to expand and disperse, its inhibition ability approaches oil base drilling fluid.
4. oilness
Adopt filter cake stuck factor determinator, extreme boundary lubrication instrument, the lubricity of Evaluation operation example, and with density be 0.87g/cm
3oil base drilling fluid compare, experimental result is in table 5.
The comparison of table 5 lubricity
Horizontal well requires the coefficient of friction resistance of drilling fluid should remain on as far as possible in 0.08-0.10 or lower scope, to keep good frictional resistance control, from the test-results of table 5, horizontal section mud shale drilling fluid is adding after lubricant and emulsifying agent, its lubricity, close to the lubricated level of oil base drilling fluid, can meet horizontal well operation completely to drilling fluid lubricating sexual demand.
Claims (10)
1. be applicable to a water-base drilling fluid for horizontal section mud shale, it is characterized in that being formed according to weight part by following composition: water: 1000 parts, drilling fluid wilkinite: 20-60 part, sodium carbonate: 0.4-3 part, tackifier: 2-10 part, shale control agent: 5-20 part, fluid loss agent: 30-80 part, small molecules coating agent: 5-20 part, pitch class shutoff anti-sloughing agent: 20-50 part, aluminium base polymkeric substance: 10-20 part, rigidity shutoff anti-sloughing agent: 30-60 part, lubricant: 30-60 part, emulsifying agent: 5-10 part, weighting agent: 100-1200 part.
2. the water-base drilling fluid that is applicable to horizontal section mud shale according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described tackifier are the one in biological polymer XC, process of hydrophobic associated ethoxyl cellulose compound.
3. the water-base drilling fluid that is applicable to horizontal section mud shale according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described shale control agent is the one in organic amine, amido polyalcohols, amido silanol.
4. the water-base drilling fluid that is applicable to horizontal section mud shale according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fluid loss agent is one or more in branchedization resol, sulfonated-pheno-formoldehyde resin.
5. the water-base drilling fluid that is applicable to horizontal section mud shale according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described small molecules coating agent is small molecules acrylamide polymer emulsion, and its molecular weight is 5-10 ten thousand.
6. the water-base drilling fluid that is applicable to horizontal section mud shale according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pitch class shutoff anti-sloughing agent is the one in emulsified bitumen, modifying asphalt, fast dispersed bitumens powder, sulfonated gilsonite.
7. the water-base drilling fluid that is applicable to horizontal section mud shale according to claim 1, is characterized in that: one or more in calcium carbonate that described rigidity shutoff anti-sloughing agent is micron particles form, marble, fiber, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, cotton seed hulls, bagasse.
8. the water-base drilling fluid that is applicable to horizontal section mud shale according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described lubricant is one or more of plant oil modified lubricant, glass pellet, solid lubricant, polymeric alcohol lubricant.
9. the water-base drilling fluid that is applicable to horizontal section mud shale according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described emulsifying agent adopts sorbitan monooleate.
10. be applicable to a preparation method for the water-base drilling fluid of horizontal section mud shale, it is characterized in that comprising following steps and make:
A. prepare base slurry: in weight is the water of 1000 parts, adding weight is that sodium carbonate and the weight of 0.4-3 part is the drilling fluid wilkinite of 20-60 part, stirring 20-60min, prehydration 22-26h;
B. add tackifier: in the mixed solution of step a gained, adding weight is the tackifier of 2-10 part, stir;
C. add shale control agent: in the mixed solution of step b gained, adding weight is the shale control agent of 5-20 part, stir;
D. add fluid loss agent: in step c, in the drilling fluid of gained, adding weight is the fluid loss agent of 30-80 part, stir;
E. add small molecules coating agent: in steps d, in the drilling fluid of gained, adding weight is the small molecules coating agent of 5-20 part, stir;
F. add aluminium base polymkeric substance: in step e, in the drilling fluid of gained, adding weight is the aluminium base polymkeric substance of 10-20 part, stir;
G. add pitch class shutoff anti-sloughing agent: in step f, in the drilling fluid of gained, adding weight is the pitch class shutoff anti-sloughing agent of 20-50 part, stir;
H. add rigidity shutoff anti-sloughing agent: in step g, in the drilling fluid of gained, adding weight is the rigidity shutoff anti-sloughing agent of 30-60 part, stir;
I. add lubricant: in step h, in gained drilling fluid, adding weight is the lubricant of 30-60 part, stir;
J. add emulsifying agent: in step I, in gained drilling fluid, adding weight is the emulsifying agent of 5-10 part, stir;
K. add weighting agent: in step j, in gained drilling fluid, adding weight is the weighting agent of 100-1200 part, stir;
Churning time in described preparation method b, e, f, j step is 60-90 min;
Churning time in described preparation method c, d, i, g, h, k step is 20-40 min.
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| CN104513652A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-15 | 西南石油大学 | High-density water-based drilling fluid for drilling shale |
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| CN104893690A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-09 | 山东得顺源石油科技有限公司 | Low-soil-phase high-density calcium-resistant saturated salt water drilling fluid system |
| CN104927805A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-23 | 山东得顺源石油科技有限公司 | High-density water-based drilling fluid applicable to continental deposit sensitive shale formation |
| CN105255460A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-20 | 中石化江汉石油工程有限公司 | Water-based drilling fluid suitable for shale gas development |
| CN105670578A (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2016-06-15 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Silicon amino drilling fluid and preparation method thereof |
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