CN103320104A - Water-in-oil-type biodiesel-based drilling fluid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water-in-oil-type biodiesel-based drilling fluid and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103320104A CN103320104A CN201310261750XA CN201310261750A CN103320104A CN 103320104 A CN103320104 A CN 103320104A CN 201310261750X A CN201310261750X A CN 201310261750XA CN 201310261750 A CN201310261750 A CN 201310261750A CN 103320104 A CN103320104 A CN 103320104A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 title abstract description 20
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Landscapes
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a water-in-oil-type biodiesel-based drilling fluid and a preparation method thereof. The drilling fluid comprises the following components in parts by volume: 70 to 90 parts of biodiesel prepared by taking waste oils as a raw material, and 10 to 30 parts of calcium chloride aqueous solution. Based on the total volume of the biodiesel and the calcium chloride aqueous solution, the drilling fluid further comprises the following components in mass-volume ratio: 2% to 6% of calcium oxide, 1% to 6% of organic soil, 2% to 8% of emulsifier, 2% to 8% of wetting agent, 2% to 6% of filtrate reducer and 0% to 200% of weighting material. The drilling fluid disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of good operating performance, low cost, strong collapse-resisting inhibiting performance, excellent lubricating performance and excellent biological degradability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid and preparation method thereof, described water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid is mainly used in easily collapse well section, horizontal well, orientation well, extended reach well, perhaps be used for boring the drilling operation of opening reservoir, belong to oil and gas well drilling liquid technical field.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of domestic and international oil drilling technology, Exploration Domain constantly enlarges, and the drilling strata condition is day by day complicated, and water-base drilling fluid can not satisfy the performance requriements of reply down hole problem.Be in particular in and cause easily that borehole wall aquation collapses, frictional resistance more greatly, easily forms the aspects such as gas hydrate stops up, rate of penetration is lower.Therefore, when boring complex structural well, high-inclination directional well, horizontal well and various bad ground, people often use oil base drilling fluid.But oil base drilling fluid also has some very important shortcomings, comprises that cost is higher; Be difficult to biological degradation, larger to the harm of environment; Have fluorescence, affect the explanation of well-log information etc.Along with the supervision increasingly stringent of environmental regulation to the drilling well industry, the use of conventional diesel base drilling fluid has been subject to serious restriction in recent years.Under this background, drilling fluid arises at the historic moment.It had both possessed the premium properties of oil base drilling fluid, but also can be in the situation that do not affect environment and discharge.Do not have epipolic aromatic substance owing to not containing fully in the ester group liquid in addition, can thoroughly solve the difficult problem that oil base drilling fluid impact well logging and well test data are explained.
By literature search, some are arranged about research and the report of drilling fluid both at home and abroad:
A. U.S. Halliburton company has researched and developed a kind of without the clay synthetic base drilling fluid take short-chain ester as base fluid.Without clay, without brown coal class material, control the rheological of drilling fluid fully by regulating milk sap character in this drilling fluid system.The equivalent circulating density of this system is lower, and rheological is steady, and transaction capabilities is good.But this system need add a large amount of flow pattern regulators, and because without brown coal class fluid loss agent, be with larger ester water than preparation, therefore cost is higher.The detail of this technology is mentioned very few in the literature in addition.
B. U.S. Baker Hughes company has developed a kind of synthetic base drilling fluid system take the mixture of ester and mineral oil as base fluid.The transaction capabilities of this system can satisfy the drilling operation requirement, and toxicity is low, to rubber without corrosive nature.But the used ester of this system is refined by plam oil and forms, and the cost of mineral oil is also higher, therefore this system high expensive.
C. the low viscosity ester of U.S. Baroid company take a kind of aliphatic chain length as 8 carbon researched and developed a kind of drilling fluid system as base fluid.This system has good rheological at low temperatures, and antifouling property is better, and toxicity is lower, and biodegradability is good.But this class material of occurring in nature is actually rare, so aliphatic chain length is that the preparation cost of ester of 8 carbon is higher.This drilling fluid system mainly is that its transaction capabilities at high temperature has no report in the lower use of cold condition (such as the marine drilling condition) in addition.
D. Australian Union's science and industrial research tissue (CSIRO) in a research with crude vegetal (being the glyceryl ester of higher fatty acid) through processing after as the drilling fluid base fluid.Vegetables oil has that flash-point, point of ignition are high, Heat stability is good, environmental sound, strong inhibition capability, be easy to biological degradation, the abundant stable plurality of advantages such as (not being subjected to the price in industrial chemicals market from agricultural product market) in source, and has carried out drilling fluid and tentatively tested.But the pour point of this base fluid and viscosity are all higher, and price is more expensive, still in further studying.
E. in China, the beginning of this century, the people such as the Zhang Yan of Petroleum Univ. have researched and developed drilling fluid, and their rheological property is studied.This system is nontoxic,, environmentally safe fast without fluorescence, biodegradation rate.But the elctrical stability of this system slightly poor (emulsion-breaking voltage is lower than 1000V).
F. the people such as Xu Mingbiao of Hubei Han Ke Technew SA have researched and developed a kind of drilling fluid, and its properties is studied.The antifouling property of this system and reservoir protection performance are all good, and toxicity is low, but density and the kinetic viscosity of the used ester group liquid of this system are higher, have affected to a certain extent the rheological property of system.In addition, the elctrical stability of this drilling fluid system is good not, and the emulsion-breaking voltage of each drilling fluid composition that provides in the document does not all surpass 800V.
Present drilling fluid is used more prevalent at home and abroad, but the cost of various ester group liquid is usually higher.
The main component of biofuel is fatty acid methyl ester or ethyl ester or the mixture of the two, and current people mainly use it as fuel.In recent years, the throughput rapid growth of countries in the world biofuel is so that become increasingly abundant in the biofuel source.In order to explore the new Application Areas of biofuel, biofuel can be used for industrial gas oil as the drilling fluid base fluid.CN102504772A discloses a kind of biodiesel drilling fluid, and described biodiesel drilling fluid comprises that biofuel and every 100mL biofuel add organophilic clay 3-10g, organic brown coal 1-15g, pitch 3-10g.This system adopts biofuel (fatty acid methyl ester) to replace ordinary diesel oil as the base oil of drilling fluid, has high-temperature stability good, and shale inhibition is strong, environmental-protecting performance is good, oilness is good, the advantage such as safer when using.Do not contain water in this system fully, belong to full oil base drilling fluid system, in this class system, water is regarded as useless component.Although complete some excellent propertys of oil base drilling fluid system can run into some problems in practical application: the one, because the biofuel consumption is large in the full oil base drilling fluid system, therefore its preparation cost is higher; The 2nd, in full oil based system, the Efficient Adhesive Promotion of organophilic clay is not good, for guarantee system viscosity, must add a large amount of organophilic clays, and this has improved preparation cost; The 3rd, owing to there not being the emulsification water droplet to participate in plug-hole in the system, can affect to a certain extent the filtrate loss controllability of drilling fluid filter cake; The 4th, when creeping in the stratum with full oil base drilling fluid; local water often can be invaded drilling fluid system; thereby the transaction capabilities that makes system is undergone mutation (suddenly increasing such as obvious thickening and filter loss), must remove water this moment by specific separating device, increased the difficulty of site work.
In fact, the most frequently used oil base drilling fluid system is the oil-in-water emulsify drilling fluid in well drilling industry.Through looking into, do not find the technology report of relevant water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is that the biofuel that makes take waste grease as raw material is base fluid, provides a kind of water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid and preparation method thereof, to improve its transaction capabilities.
On the one hand, the invention provides a kind of water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid, this water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid comprises following component:
Biofuel, 70～90 parts by volume;
Calcium chloride water, 10～30 parts by volume;
And based on the cumulative volume meter of described biofuel and described calcium chloride water,
Mass volume ratio is 2%～6% calcium oxide;
Mass volume ratio is 1%～6% organophilic clay;
Mass volume ratio is 1%～6% emulsifying agent;
Mass volume ratio is 2%～8% wetting agent;
Mass volume ratio is 2%～6% fluid loss agent;
And mass volume ratio is 0%～200% high-density weighting material.
According to specific embodiments of the present invention, in the water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid of the present invention, described biofuel is fatty acid methyl ester or fatty-acid ethyl ester or the mixture of the two that makes take waste grease as raw material.This biofuel is can be directly at the raw material of buying on the market.The performance comparison of its fundamental property and diesel oil and low toxicity mineral oil sees Table 1.
Table 1 base oil performance index
As shown in Table 1, the selected liquid-tight degree of biodiesel base is similar to diesel oil among the present invention; Flash point in closed cup is higher, is difficult for catching fire; Not sulfur-bearing and aromatic hydrocarbon, stable performance, toxicity is low, without fluorescence, on well logging without impact.The indexs such as acid number, glycerols substances content, oxidation stability all meet the described requirement of China GB/T20828-2007.
According to specific embodiments of the present invention, in the water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid of the present invention, described calcium chloride water is that mass percent is 15%～35% calcium chloride water.
According to specific embodiments of the present invention, in the water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid of the present invention, described emulsifying agent is mixed by primary emulsion and the auxiliary emulsifying agent mass ratio by 1: 1～3: 1.
Particularly, described primary emulsion is the fatty amines emulsifying agent, this class emulsifying agent can be commercially available, preferably, used primary emulsion is that the grease residue as tankage is raw material in the lipid acid process by producing among the present invention, make solvent with diesel oil or kerosene, through Monoethanolamine MEA BASF or diethanolamine or trolamine be 7～9 at pH, temperature be react 0.5h～4h under 130 ℃～180 ℃ the condition after, mix with cycloalkanoimide and the Yatall MA ratio in 7:1.5～2.5:0.5～1.5 again.The primary emulsion that adopts among the present invention can be on the water-oil interface of drilling fluid system effectively forms and has viscoelastic close-packed composite membrane, can keep the emulsifying stability of drilling fluid system.
Described auxiliary emulsifying agent is to be mixed by sulfonated petro-leum and the alkylbenzene sulfonate mass ratio by 5:5～10:0.The auxiliary emulsifying agent that adopts among the present invention can reduce oil water interfacial tension, and interacts with primary emulsion, assists primary emulsion to improve the emulsifying stability of drilling fluid system.
According to specific embodiments of the present invention, in the water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid of the present invention, described organophilic clay is lipophilicity organic rectorite or organobentonite, the all commercially available acquisitions of this class organophilic clay, normally lipophilicity organic rectorite or the organobentonite through obtaining after the long alkyl chain cats product modification of C12～C30.Through after the modification, the surface wettability of these two kinds of soil is by the hydrophilic oleophylic that becomes, thereby can effectively increase the viscosity of invert mud system, the shear-stress when the raising system flows so that in drilling operation cutting carring effectively.Especially, among the present invention organic rectorite is applied in the drilling fluid, has no in the past this type of report.
According to specific embodiments of the present invention, in the water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid of the present invention, described wetting agent is to be mixed by polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether and the Yelkin TTS mass ratio by 5: 5～10: 0.Described polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether and Yelkin TTS is commercially available acquisition all, and for example, described Yelkin TTS can adopt Yelkin TTS PC50.The wetting agent that adopts among the present invention can make the wettability of the high-density weighting material particle surface in the system reverse, and by the hydrophilic oleophylic that becomes, thereby disperses in biofuel better and suspension; In addition, wetting agent can also improve the elctrical stability of system.
According to specific embodiments of the present invention, in the water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid of the present invention, the described fluid loss agent mixture that to be brown coal powder and humic acid acetamide form by 5: 5～10: 0 mass ratio; Perhaps, when to environmental-protecting performance when being strict with, described fluid loss agent also can adopt the oxidized bitumen powder.Other solid phase particles in the fluid loss agent energy assistance system that adopts among the present invention form thin and tough filter cake, avoid the water in the drilling fluid to migrate in the stratum.
According to specific embodiments of the present invention, in the water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid of the present invention, described high-density weighting material is barite or powdered iron ore.The high-density weighting material that adopts among the present invention is determined add-on according to the operation needs, can improve the density of system to satisfy the requirement of various drilling operations, and high-density weighting material can also improve the elctrical stability of system.In addition, to form the cooperating of high-density weighting material and described organophilic clay that grating is reasonable, the effective filter cake of filling under can also the positive pressure in drilling process, reduce filter loss.
In the water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid of the present invention, each component interaction, jointly be mixed with water-in-oil-type biodiesel base drilling fluid system of the present invention, sulphur in this system, aromatic substance content are few, corrosion condition is not obvious, and this system has advantages such as lubricity is fabulous, shale inhibition is strong, biodegradability is good.
" mass volume ratio " among the present invention refers to except biofuel and calcium chloride solution, the ratio of the cumulative volume of the quality of other components and described coal liquefaction and described calcium chloride water, wherein when the quality of other components with " g " during as unit, the unit of corresponding volume is " mL ".
In the water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid of the present invention, the starting materials of each component is commercially available acquisition all, and each raw material meets corresponding industry standard and requires to get final product.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides the preparation method of described water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid, and the method comprises the steps:
1. slowly add successively mass volume ratio in 70～90 parts the biofuel by volume and be 1%～6% emulsifying agent, mass volume ratio and be 2%～8% wetting agent, fully disperse;
2. under agitation condition, slowly adding in the system is that 7 parts～21 parts massfraction is 15%～35% calcium chloride solution by volume, continues to stir more than the 1h;
3. add while stirring mass volume ratio and be 1%～6% organophilic clay, mass volume ratio is that 2%～6% fluid loss agent and mass volume ratio are 2%～6% calcium oxide, all will stir 20～30min after every kind for the treatment of agent adds and add lower a kind of again;
4. slowly adding while stirring is 3 parts～9 parts calcium chloride solution by volume, continues to stir 40min～1h;
If 5. need increase the weight of, while stirring high-density weighting material is slowly added in the drilling fluid system, until system density reaches requirement, continue to stir 40min～1h;
6. with the biofuel base drilling fluid sealing for preparing, leave standstill more than the 24h.
The compound method of water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid of the present invention, follow from the biofuel to the emulsion to containing grain emulsion, Gu from pure oil phase to the water-in-oil two-phase system to oil-water-three-phase system, dissolve first soluble material, add again the material that easily disperses, the principle that adds at last the solid phase particle is fully disperseed various components in biofuel, and by leaving standstill various lipophilic ingredients and biofuel is fully acted on after preparation is finished, thereby brings into play to greatest extent the usefulness for the treatment of agent.Wherein, calcium chloride solution adds at twice, utilizes the partial oxidation calcium solution preparation water-in-oil emulsion that adds first, adds remaining partial oxidation calcium solution again after adding calcium oxide the calcium oxide solid is dissolved more fully.
Usually, the drilling fluid system by the method for the invention preparation has following performance index:
1. the API filtration of system (pressing API international standard program determination)≤10mL;
2. the High Temperature High Pressure of system (120 ℃, 3.5MPa) lower filter loss≤20mL;
When 3. not increasing the weight of, emulsion-breaking voltage 〉=400V;
4. when it is mobile, higher ratio of dynamic shear force/yield value to plastic viscosity (more than 0.15), moderate viscosity (apparent viscosity is in 20mPas～150mPas scope) are arranged to guarantee its smoothly cutting carring;
5. when it is static, can form fast weak gel (gel-strength is in 2Pa～15Pa scope after leaving standstill 10s) so that suspension solid phase during in termination of pumping;
6. drilling fluid system has preferably biodegradability: BOD/COD〉20%;
7. after 120 ℃ of lower heat were rolled 16h, each performance index numerical value of drilling fluid system still was in above-mentioned 6 described scopes.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of water-in-oil-type biodiesel base drilling fluid system, contain a certain amount of calcium chloride water in this system, have that transaction capabilities is good, cost is lower, anti-collapse strong inhibition capability, lubricity is good, biodegradability is good characteristics, widen again simultaneously the range of application of biofuel, also realized the comprehensive utilization of waste grease.Particularly, compared with prior art, water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid provided by the invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) require looser to the source of biofuel, can be that the biofuel that raw material production obtains is made base fluid in order to waste grease not only, also the biofuel that obtains of available various raw material such as Viscotrol C, jatropha curcas oil, rapeseed oil, the production of soybean wet goods be made base fluid.
(2) contain water (calcium chloride solution) in the drilling fluid system of the present invention, belong to water-in-oil emulsion system.On the one hand, compare with full oil base drilling fluid system under the prerequisite of transaction capabilities guaranteeing, the used biofuel base fluid of water-in-oil emulsion system is less, thereby effectively reduces preparation cost; On the other hand, the water drop in the system has tackify to carry to cut effect, and this is so that the corresponding minimizing of organophilic clay consumption has also reduced preparation cost.In addition, in actual drilling process, the water drop can effectively stop up drilling fluid filter cake, reduces filter loss.At last, according to the equilibrium of activation principle, can control easily its osmotic pressure by the calcium chloride concentration of adjusting aqueous phase, thereby stop the water in the drilling fluid in the stratum, to be migrated, guarantee in water-sensitive strata, to creep into smoothly.
(3) drilling fluid system of the present invention also can use organic rectorite except reaching tackify and carry the effect of cutting with common are the machine wilkinite in the Drilling Fluid.The rectorite leng ore deposit originally belongs to rare mineral in the world, but has found that in China's Permian System In Zhongxiang, hubei rock proven reserve reach 6,700,000 tons rectorite leng ore deposit, and its grade also is that the world is rarely seen.Because the exploitation of rectorite leng is evening, in high-technology field, use lessly, so the present invention is applied to organic rectorite to have widened in the biofuel base drilling fluid Application Areas of rectorite leng.The cost of organic rectorite is also low than organobentonite in addition, has reduced to a certain extent the preparation cost of drilling fluid.
(4) sulphur in the drilling fluid system of the present invention, aromatic substance content are few, and corrosion condition is not obvious, and lubricity is fabulous, and shale inhibition is strong, and biodegradability is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is embodiment 1 described water-in-oil-type drilling fluid system shale expansion curve and clear water shale expansion curve comparison figure.
Embodiment
Introduce in detail realization and the characteristics of technical solution of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, help understanding spirit of the present invention and beneficial effect, but but can not consist of any restriction to the present invention's practical range.Primary emulsion used among each embodiment is for being purchased the fatty amines emulsifying agent, specifically can be that the grease residue as tankage is raw material in the lipid acid process by producing, make solvent with diesel oil or kerosene, be 7～9 at pH, after temperature is 130 ℃～180 times reaction 0.5h～4h, mix with cycloalkanoimide and the Yatall MA ratio in 7:2:1 again through Monoethanolamine MEA BASF or diethanolamine or trolamine.
Embodiment 1
The concrete prescription of the water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid of the present embodiment is:
Biofuel (fatty acid methyl ester) volume: 25% calcium chloride salt volume of water=80:20, contain the auxiliary emulsifying agent of 3.5% primary emulsion+2% (alkylbenzene sulfonate)+3% calcium oxide+4% organobentonite+5% wetting agent (comprising 4% polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether and 1% Yelkin TTS PC50)+4% fluid loss agent (all being brown coal) in addition.
The biofuel base drilling fluid of the present embodiment prepares in accordance with the following methods:
1. under high-speed stirring, in 80 parts of biofuel, slowly add successively required primary emulsion, auxiliary emulsifying agent, wetting agent.All to stir after every kind for the treatment of agent adds 30min add again lower a kind of, until these components are fully disperseed in biofuel.
2. be 25% calcium chloride solution with clear water preparation massfraction.Make the calcium chloride powder all dissolve by abundant stirring.
3. under the high-speed stirring condition, slowly adding in the system is 14 parts calcium chloride solution by volume, continues to stir 1h.
4. high-speed stirring limit in limit adds required organophilic clay, fluid loss agent and calcium oxide, all will stir 30min after every kind for the treatment of agent adds and add lower a kind of again.
5. slowly adding while stirring is 6 parts calcium chloride solution by volume, continues to stir 1h.
6. with the biofuel base drilling fluid sealing for preparing, leave standstill 24h.
With reference to " the oil base drilling fluid On-Site Test Procedure " of China national Bureau of Technical Supervision issue (GB/T16782-1997), with ZNN-D6 six fast rotational viscosimeters gained water-in-oil-type biodiesel base drilling fluid system is carried out rheology measurement; With the Fann23D electrical stability tester gained water-in-oil-type biodiesel base drilling fluid system being carried out elctrical stability measures; With the Fann140 liquidensitometer gained water-in-oil-type biodiesel base drilling fluid system is carried out density measurement; Measure with pressing filter press WTH140-40 that gained water-in-oil-type biodiesel base drilling fluid system is carried out API filtration in three normal temperature; With Fann Filter Press500mL high-temperature and high-pressure filter press gained water-in-oil-type biodiesel base drilling fluid system being carried out high temperature and high pre ssure filtration measures; With pH meter gained water-in-oil-type biodiesel base drilling fluid system is carried out the pH pH-value determination pH.Measurement result sees Table 2:
Table 2 embodiment 1 drilling fluid system fundamental property
Water-in-oil-type biodiesel base drilling fluid system density is lower as shown in Table 2, and basicity is suitable, and elctrical stability is good, modest viscosity, shear force and ratio of dynamic shear force/yield value to plastic viscosity are higher, filter loss and heat-resisting property qualified (120 ℃, 16h).Obviously, owing to containing the calcium chloride salt water in this system, preparation cost is lower than full oil based system.Also can find out simultaneously, because the calcium chloride salt water has certain tackify to propose the effect of cutting, just can make system have higher viscosity as long as add an amount of organobentonite, this is conducive to successfully landwaste is carried into ground in drilling operation course.
The comparison diagram that draws this system shale expansion curve and clear water shale expansion curve with NP-03 shale expansion instrument is seen Fig. 1.The shale inhibition of water-in-oil-type biodiesel base drilling fluid system of the present invention can be stronger as shown in Figure 1.
With 5B-3B (H) type chemical oxygen demand (COD) multiparameter Quick testing instrument and LY-1 type biochemical oxygen demand Quick testing instrument the biodegradability of this system is estimated, be the results are shown in Table 3.This system easily is biodegradable as shown in Table 3, therefore less on the impact of ecotope.
Table 3 embodiment 1 drilling fluid system biodegradability is estimated
| System | Extension rate | COD Cr(mg/L) | BOD(mg/L) | COD Cr/BOD(%) | Grading |
| The biofuel base drilling fluid | 1000 | 1895.0 | 664.9 | 35.09 | Easily |
Lubricity to the water-in-oil-type biodiesel base drilling fluid system of the present embodiment is estimated.Measure the extreme boundary lubrication coefficient with Fann212 type extreme boundary lubrication instrument, measure the viscosity factor that this system is carried out the rear gained filter cake of API leak-off experiment with WTHNZ-3A type tester for viscosity factor.The results are shown in Table 4.The lubricity of this system is fabulous as seen from table.
Table 4 embodiment 1 drilling fluid system Evaluation of Lubrication
Embodiment 2
The water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid of the present embodiment is on embodiment 1 prescription basis it to be increased the weight of.Concrete prescription is:
Biofuel (fatty-acid ethyl ester) volume: 25% calcium chloride salt volume of water=80:20, contain the auxiliary emulsifying agent of 3.5% primary emulsion+2% (alkylbenzene sulfonate: calcium oxide+4% organobentonite+5% wetting agent (formulated by 4% polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether and 1% Yelkin TTS PC50)+4% fluid loss agent (all being brown coal)+80% ground barium sulfate of sulfonated petro-leum=8:2)+3% in addition.Preparation steps is substantially with embodiment 1.Increasing the weight of step is after other components of drilling fluid are fully mixed, and while stirring high-density weighting material is slowly added in the drilling fluid system, until system density reaches requirement, and then with the biofuel base drilling fluid sealing for preparing, leaves standstill more than the 24h.
The fundamental property of gained water-in-oil-type biodiesel drilling fluid system sees Table 5:
Table 5 embodiment 2 drilling fluid system fundamental propertys
Drilling fluid system thickening amplitude behind the increasing the weight of of the present embodiment is little as shown in Table 5, and transaction capabilities is qualified.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment has changed the calcium chloride massfraction (rest part of prescription is constant) in the calcium chloride salt water on the basis of previous embodiment 1, can regulate and control to a certain extent the shale inhibition of drilling fluid by changing this parameter with explanation.Concrete prescription is: the biofuel volume: 35% calcium chloride salt volume of water=80:20, contain the auxiliary emulsifying agent of 3.5% primary emulsion+2%+3% calcium oxide+4% organobentonite+5% wetting agent (comprising 4% polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether and 1% Yelkin TTS PC50)+4% fluid loss agent (all being brown coal) in addition.Preparation steps is substantially with embodiment 1.The fundamental property of system sees Table 6:
Table 6 embodiment 3 drilling fluid system fundamental propertys
As shown in Table 6, little on the fundamental property impact of drilling fluid system after the concentration that increases salt aqueous phase calcium chloride, Efficient Adhesive Promotion slightly.
This system is carried out the Shale Dispersion experiment.The 16h heat of measuring under the same conditions different drilling fluids is rolled the shale landwaste rate of recovery and is come a little less than the strong inhibition capability of appraisal drilling liquid system.
Will be by collection in worksite (Zao Yuan oil field, huge port well, sampling depth is 1100m approximately) shale rock sample break into pieces, cross and add to respectively that (clear water or drilling fluid consumption are 350mL in clear water, embodiment 1 described prescription and the embodiment 2 described prescriptions behind 6～10 mesh sieves, the landwaste dosage is 20g), after rolling 16h, 120 ℃ of lower heat record the rate of recovery of 40 mesh sieve landwaste.Experimental result sees Table 7.
The shale rolling rate of recovery of the different systems of table 7
| Drilling fluid system | The landwaste rolling rate of recovery (%) |
| Clear water | <5 |
| Embodiment 1 | 70.8 |
| Embodiment 2 | 80.1 |
By improving the calcium chloride massfraction of salt aqueous phase, can effectively reduce the water activity in the drilling fluid system as shown in Table 7, stop the migration of water in the shale of stratum, thereby avoid the hydration phenomena of shale, guarantee creeping into smoothly in water-sensitive strata.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is a lower-cost prescription.The concrete measure that reduces cost is: the consumption and the corresponding increase watr-proportion that reduce biofuel; Organophilic clay is used lower-cost organic rectorite instead; Wetting agent is all used lower-cost polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether; Slightly reduce the consumption of organophilic clay and wetting agent.Concrete prescription is:
Biofuel (fatty acid methyl ester) volume: 25% calcium chloride salt volume of water=75:25, contain the auxiliary emulsifying agent of 4% primary emulsion+2% (alkylbenzene sulfonate)+4% calcium oxide+3.5% organic rectorite+4% wetting agent (all being polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether)+4% fluid loss agent (all being brown coal) in addition.Preparation steps is substantially with embodiment 1.
The fundamental property of gained water-in-oil-type biodiesel drilling fluid system sees Table 8.
Table 8 embodiment 4 drilling fluid system fundamental propertys
The low-cost drilling fluid system transaction capabilities of this embodiment is qualified as shown in Table 8.
Claims (9)
1. water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid, this biofuel base drilling fluid comprises following component:
Biofuel, 70～90 parts by volume;
Calcium chloride water, 10～30 parts by volume;
And based on the cumulative volume meter of described biofuel and described calcium chloride water,
Mass volume ratio is 2%～6% calcium oxide;
Mass volume ratio is 1%～6% organophilic clay;
Mass volume ratio is 1%～6% emulsifying agent;
Mass volume ratio is 2%～8% wetting agent;
Mass volume ratio is 2%～6% fluid loss agent;
And mass volume ratio is 0%～200% high-density weighting material.
2. water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein, described biofuel is fatty acid methyl ester or fatty-acid ethyl ester or the mixture of the two that makes take waste grease as raw material.
3. water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein, described calcium chloride water is that mass percent is 15%～35% calcium chloride water.
4. water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein, described emulsifying agent is mixed by primary emulsion and the auxiliary emulsifying agent mass ratio by 1: 1～3: 1;
Described primary emulsion is the fatty amines emulsifying agent, the grease residue as tankage is raw material in the lipid acid process by producing, make solvent with diesel oil or kerosene, through Monoethanolamine MEA BASF or diethanolamine or trolamine be 7～9 at pH, temperature be react 0.5h～4h under 130 ℃～180 ℃ the condition after, mix with cycloalkanoimide and the Yatall MA ratio in 7:1.5～2.5:0.5～1.5 again;
Described auxiliary emulsifying agent is to be mixed by alkylbenzene sulfonate and the sulfonated petro-leum ratio in 5:5～10:0.
5. water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein, described organophilic clay is lipophilicity organic rectorite or the organobentonite that obtains after the long alkyl chain cats product modification through C12～C30.
6. water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein, described wetting agent is to be mixed by polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether and Yelkin TTS (PC50) mass ratio by 5: 5～10: 0.
7. water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein, the described fluid loss agent mixture that to be brown coal powder and humic acid acetamide form by 5: 5～10: 0 mass ratio; Perhaps, described fluid loss agent is the oxidized bitumen powder.
8. water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein, described high-density weighting material is barite or powdered iron ore.
9. the preparation method of each described water-in-oil-type biofuel base drilling fluid of claim 1～8, the method comprises the steps:
1. under high-speed stirring, slowly add successively mass volume ratio in 70～90 parts the biofuel by volume and be 1%～6% emulsifying agent, mass volume ratio and be 2%～8% wetting agent, fully disperse;
2. under agitation condition, slowly adding in the system is that 7 parts～21 parts massfraction is 15%～35% calcium chloride solution by volume, continues to stir more than the 1h;
3. add while stirring mass volume ratio and be 1%～6% organophilic clay, mass volume ratio is that 2%～6% fluid loss agent and mass volume ratio are 2%～6% calcium oxide, all will stir 20～30min after every kind for the treatment of agent adds and add lower a kind of again;
4. slowly adding while stirring is 3 parts～9 parts calcium chloride solution by volume, continues to stir 40min～1h;
If 5. need increase the weight of, while stirring high-density weighting material is slowly added in the drilling fluid system, until system density reaches requirement, continue to stir 40min～1h;
6. with the biofuel base drilling fluid sealing for preparing, leave standstill more than the 24h.
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| CN106833566A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-06-13 | 成都西油华巍科技有限公司 | A kind of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN106833566B (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2019-04-16 | 成都西油华巍科技有限公司 | A kind of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN113136181A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-20 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Biosynthesis-based drilling fluid and preparation method thereof |
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