CN103936747B - 一种烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings
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- A61K41/0057—Photodynamic therapy with a photosensitizer, i.e. agent able to produce reactive oxygen species upon exposure to light or radiation, e.g. UV or visible light; photocleavage of nucleic acids with an agent
- A61K41/0071—PDT with porphyrins having exactly 20 ring atoms, i.e. based on the non-expanded tetrapyrrolic ring system, e.g. bacteriochlorin, chlorin-e6, or phthalocyanines
Abstract
本发明公开了一种烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉及制备方法和应用。特征是:以5,10,15,20-对羟基苯基锌卟啉为原料在催化剂的作用下与3,5-双十二烷氧基苄溴进行反应得到目标产物。获得的化合物具有较高的细胞摄取性能和光细胞毒性,可以应用于光动力治疗。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉及其制备方法和应用,属于光动力治疗技术领域。
背景技术
光动力治疗(PhotodynamicTherapy,PDT),又称光化学疗法,是近年来建立和发展起来的一种治疗癌症的新方法。光敏剂是光动力治疗的关键。为了得到高的量子产率和实现有效的能量吸收,光敏剂一般需要具有较大的π共轭体系,卟啉就是一种很好的光敏剂。血卟啉衍生物(HpD)是第一代光动力治疗药物,1993年加拿大首先批准此药物的临床应用(商品名称为光敏素,Photofrin)。目前血卟啉衍生物在癌症治疗,尤其在脑瘤治疗中得到了广泛的应用,但它在理想的光疗窗口(600-800nm)吸收较弱,成分复杂,目标组织富集性差。因此,第二代光动力治疗药物的问世成为必然。目前正在开发的第二代光动力治疗药物包括苯并卟啉类、酞菁类、萘菁类、内源卟啉类、卟啉异构体、初红紫素锡络合物、绿素类、菌绿素类化合物等。其中Meso-四(间-二羟基苯基)二氢卟吩(m-THPC)2001年被欧洲药物协会批准用于头颈部鳞状细胞癌的治疗;A环上苯并卟啉衍生物单酸(BPD-MA)在欧洲、美国和加拿大被批准用于老年性眼黄斑变性和脉络膜黑素瘤的治疗;δ-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)被批准用于治疗皮肤光化学性角化病。但是研究发现大多数卟啉光敏剂由于其π-π相互作用以及分子憎水特性,在水溶液中光敏剂分子易于形成庞大的聚集体,这种聚集体往往会引起自淬灭现象,影响光动力治疗的效果。
烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉具有规整、精致的树枝状结构,其周边修饰的长链烷基可以有效避免光敏剂分子在水溶液中的聚集,减少了自淬灭。同时,由于大分子对癌细胞具有高渗透性,且癌组织对其代谢能力很差,易于在癌组织上选择性富集,实现靶向给药。因此,烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉是非常有前途的光动力治疗药物。
发明内容
为了解决现有卟啉光敏剂存在的上述问题,本发明由5,10,15,20-对羟基苯基锌卟啉出发,经过取代反应,首次制备出烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉。
一种烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉,简称[C12H25O]8G1-DPZn,其结构式为:。
本发明还提供了上述烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉的制备方法。
上述烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉的制备方法,包括下述步骤:
用[C12H25O]8G1–Br上的[C12H25O]8G1取代5,10,15,20-对羟基苯基锌卟啉中的羟基;得烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉;所述[C12H25O]8G1–Br为3,5-双十二烷氧基苄溴;所述[C12H25O]8G1为3,5-双十二烷氧基苄基。其合成路线如下:
上述烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉的制备方法,包括下述步骤:
(1)按照1.0:4.4-4.8:4.0-5.2:2.0-2.2:0.1-0.2的摩尔比取5,10,15,20-对羟基苯基锌卟啉、[C12H25O]8G1–Br、无水碳酸钾、18-冠-6醚、碘化钾;
(2)在70℃-80℃温度条件下,5,10,15,20-对羟基苯基锌卟啉和[C12H25O]8G1-Br,以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为介质、以氮气作为保护气体、无水碳酸钾为碱、在催化剂作用下,搅拌反应24-48小时;所述催化剂为18-冠-6醚和碘化钾;
(3)用蒸馏水洗涤反应液,取有机相用二氯甲烷进行萃取,然后将萃取液旋蒸干、以二氯甲烷作为洗脱液用硅胶柱进行提纯,既得产品。
上述的烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉的制备方法,所制备的烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉中含有反应原料,为了提高烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉的纯度,优选的,步骤(3)中将所得产品加二氯甲烷溶解,用甲醇进行重结晶;氯仿和甲醇的摩尔比为1:10。其中,二氯甲烷作为易溶溶剂和甲醇作为不良溶剂。
本发明的目的之三是提供烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉的应用。
上述烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉作为光动力治疗药物。
有益效果:
(1)本发明的烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉分子具有很强的光细胞毒性,是非常有前途的光动力治疗药物。
(2)本发明由5,10,15,20-对羟基苯基锌卟啉出发,经过取代反应首次制备一种烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉分子。
(3)本发明在合成步骤中加入的无水碳酸钾、18-冠-6醚、碘化钾有效提高了取代反应的产率。
(4)本发明的制备方法工艺简单,条件温和,易操作。
附图说明
图1本发明[C12H25O]8G1-DPZn的核磁共振谱图;
图2本发明[C12H25O]8G1-DPZn的紫外-可见光吸收光谱图;
图3本发明[C12H25O]8G1-DPZn的HeLa细胞生存浓度曲线。
具体实施方式
现结合实施例进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
实施例1
G2-ZnPor的制备:
将37mg(即0.050mol)5,10,15,20-对羟基苯基锌卟啉溶于10ml干燥的DMF中,然后加入35mg(即0.25mol)碳酸钠,在氮气气氛中,搅拌5min;加入130mg(即0.24mol)[C12H25O]8G1-Br,26mg(即0.10mol)18-冠-6醚和1mg(即0.006mol)碘化钾,在氮气气氛中,80℃温度条件下,搅拌反应24h。然后,对反应液进行后处理。先向反应液中加入20ml蒸馏水,搅拌、静置分层;然后取下层有机相用20ml二氯甲烷萃取,重复萃取3次,将萃取液合并后旋蒸干,减压除去溶剂;再以二氯甲烷作为洗脱液,用硅胶柱进行提纯,得[C12H25O]8G1-DPZn粗品。将[C12H25O]8G1-DPZn粗品用5ml二氯甲烷溶解,小心注入50ml甲醇、静置,析出的晶体为[C12H25O]8G1-DPZn,产率65%。核磁共振谱(CDCl3,300MHz,图1):δ8.977(s,8H,βH),8.114-8.142(d,8H,ArH),7.345-7.373(d,8H,ArH),6.767-6.773(d,8H,ArH),6.497(s,4H,ArH),5.280(s,8H,ArCH2O),4.054-4.011(m,16H,-CH2O-),1.783-1.854(m,16H,-CH2-),1.261-1.535(m,144H,-CH2-),0.832-0.867(t,24H,-CH3)。紫外可见吸收光谱(λmax/nm,图2):424,552,596。
实施例2
敏化剂的光细胞毒性评测:
为量化地评测敏化剂的细光细胞毒性,将HeLa细胞与6.25μM的[C12H25O]8G1-DPZn一起孵化培育,通过细胞存活率的测定来完成,同时以非烷基修饰的树枝状金属卟啉G2-DPZn作为参照。
Claims (5)
1.一种烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉,其特征在于,简称[C12H25O]8G1-DPZn,其结构式为:
2.权利要求1所述的一种烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉的制备方法,其特征在于,包括下述步骤:
用[C12H25O]8G1–Br上的[C12H25O]8G1取代5,10,15,20-对羟基苯基锌卟啉中羟基上的氢,得烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉,所述[C12H25O]8G1–Br为3,5-双十二烷氧基苄溴;所述[C12H25O]8G1为3,5-双十二烷氧基苄基。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,包括下述步骤:
(1)按照1.0:4.4-4.8:4.0-5.0:2.0-2.2:0.1-0.2的摩尔比取5,10,15,20-对羟基苯基锌卟啉、[C12H25O]8G1–Br、无水碳酸钾、18-冠-6醚和碘化钾;
(2)在70℃-80℃温度条件下,5,10,15,20-对羟基苯基锌卟啉和[C12H25O]8G1–Br,以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为介质、以氮气作为保护气体、在催化剂作用下,搅拌反应24-48小时;所述催化剂为18-冠-6醚和碘化钾;
(3)用蒸馏水洗涤反应液,取有机相用二氯甲烷进行萃取,然后将萃取液旋蒸干、以二氯甲烷作为洗脱液用硅胶柱进行提纯,既得产品。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中将所得产品加氯仿溶解,用甲醇进行重结晶;氯仿和甲醇的摩尔比为1:10。
5.权利要求1所述的烷基取代树枝状金属卟啉用于制备光动力治疗药物的用途。
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CN101605459A (zh) * | 2006-12-04 | 2009-12-16 | 布鲁克哈文科学协会有限责任公司 | 碳硼烷基卟啉及其应用 |
CN102977110A (zh) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-03-20 | 济南大学 | 不对称的树枝状金属卟啉及其制备方法和应用 |
CN103003282A (zh) * | 2010-01-22 | 2013-03-27 | 科学与工业研究会 | 一种制备新的卟啉衍生物的方法及其作为pdt试剂和荧光探针的用途 |
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CN103003282A (zh) * | 2010-01-22 | 2013-03-27 | 科学与工业研究会 | 一种制备新的卟啉衍生物的方法及其作为pdt试剂和荧光探针的用途 |
CN102977110A (zh) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-03-20 | 济南大学 | 不对称的树枝状金属卟啉及其制备方法和应用 |
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