CN103934726B - A kind of closed non-ruled surface numerical control machining knife road method for planning track - Google Patents
A kind of closed non-ruled surface numerical control machining knife road method for planning track Download PDFInfo
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- CN103934726B CN103934726B CN201410200672.7A CN201410200672A CN103934726B CN 103934726 B CN103934726 B CN 103934726B CN 201410200672 A CN201410200672 A CN 201410200672A CN 103934726 B CN103934726 B CN 103934726B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
- B23Q15/007—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work while the tool acts upon the workpiece
- B23Q15/013—Control or regulation of feed movement
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Abstract
A kind of closed non-ruled surface numerical control machining knife road method for planning track, relates to a kind of closed Surface NC Machining cutter track method for planning track. The invention solves at present closed non-ruled surface numerical control machining knife road trajectory planning is not had to effective ways, all not satisfactory problems of machining accuracy and machined surface quality. Step: Intrados processing adopts the Processing Strategies of cutter shaft interpolation; Outer shroud processing cutter shaft adopts and points to straight line, and wheel hub processing cutter shaft adopts the Processing Strategies of pointing to point; The processing of back of the body arc adopts side edge to drive--add the Processing Strategies of top rake, and the processing of position, intermediate portion adopts the Processing Strategies of two 4 axles on driving body; Leading edge, trailing edge processing adopt the Processing Strategies of three axles. The present invention has realized the integrated processing in five-axle number control machine tool of closed non-ruled surface, and machining accuracy, in IT6, is particularly suitable for the closed non-ruled surface structure of large batch of production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of closed Surface NC Machining cutter track method for planning track, particularly turbogenerator enclosed leafCutter track trajectory planning in wheel digital control processing.
Background technology
Closed non-ruled surface is the typical structure of double shrouded wheel, and double shrouded wheel is the core component of turbocharged engine,Be widely used in the departments such as space flight, aviation and national defence, the energy, electric power. Adopt overall digital control processing, broken through traditionalAdopt the technique constraint of riveting again or welding together after impeller and outer shroud separate machined, the proposition entirety processing of innovation, like thisAvoid being assembled into again after parts processing together the weld cracking that exists, welded at high temperature many asking such as modification of unreal, bladeTopic. Meanwhile, adopt overall processing can greatly reduce the stream of the ease between blade tip and impeller outer shroud loss in wheel member structure, carryOperating efficiency, thrust-weight ratio and the security reliability of high-engine.
For closed non-ruled surface processing mode, document " band hat integral wheel processing status and new method are explored ", " bandThe hat application of integral wheel and the research of processing technology thereof ", " research of band hat integral wheel combined electrical processing key technique " etc.The method such as smart type casting moulding, Electrolyzed Processing, Electric Discharge Machining and electrolysis, electric spark Compound Machining is proposed, but theseThe processing mode range of work is limited, and machining accuracy is low, and machined surface quality is poor, for high-quality overall double shrouded wheel processing,Need carry out Milling Process to its passage. Closed non-ruled surface processing cutter track trajectory planning technology belongs to an international difficult problem, documentThe leaf dish having proposed based on minimum area principle in " closed type integrated leaf dish five coordinates are plugged in milling cutter position trajectory planning " is inserted milling passage limitThe best straight edge line derivation algorithm in boundary, respectively for anchor ring inside and outside spoon of blade and leaf dish, has proposed passage biasing straight burr enveloping surfaceGeneration method, provided closed type integrated leaf dish five coordinates and inserted milling Path, but the method research object is enclosed straight burr songFace processing cutter track trajectory planning. At present closed non-ruled surface numerical control machining knife road trajectory planning is not had to effective ways yet,Machining accuracy and machined surface quality are all not satisfactory.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of closed non-ruled surface numerical control machining knife rail is providedMark planing method, thus realize the raising of double shrouded wheel machining accuracy and machined surface quality.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the concrete steps of a kind of closed non-ruled surface numerical control machining knife road method for planning trackFor:
Step 1: the processing of the blade concavity of closed non-ruled surface structure adopts the Processing Strategies of cutter shaft interpolation, at inner arcOn face, define a series of vector to control cutter shaft, on intrados, the generating tool axis vector of all the other tool position points is by U-V bidirectional linearInterpolation or spline interpolation obtain;
The definition of vector, through constantly debugging and amendment, finally will reach, and cutter reasonably swings in closed space,Make cutter approach as much as possible wheel hub and the outer shroud of both sides, and don't cross the surface of cutting wheel hub and outer shroud, subtract to greatest extentThe residual district of few intrados and wheel hub and outer interannular;
Step 2: outer shroud processing cutter shaft adopts and points to straight line, and determining of straight line should make cutter shaft pendulum angle in allowed band,Make blade root machining level and smooth simultaneously; Wheel hub 5 machining angles in passage are between-5 ° to 15 °, and its cutter shaft adopts and points to point, suitableThe processing of runner direction;
Step 3: blade convexity digital control processing adopts side edge to drive--add the Processing Strategies of top rake, definition is along the side that drives curved surfaceThe cutter shaft that sword line is mobile, if cutter is not with tapering, cutter shaft will be parallel to side edge line, if cutter band tapering, cutter shaft will be withSide edge is scribed into certain angle, but the two is coplanar, drives the movement of the curved surface domination flank of tool, and parts surface domination point of a knifeMovement; Blade convexity mid portion adopts two 4 axles on driving body; Specify 4 axle anglecs of rotation, a top rakeWith an angle of heel, in two 4 axles, be respectively one-way movement and gyration and define different parameters;
Step 4: leading edge, trailing edge digital control processing, the Processing Strategies of application three axles is completed.
Preferred: in step 2, outer shroud and wheel hub and junction, blade two ends form parametric curve, true with phase cutting methodDetermine machining area, adopt positive and negative twice clamping, each clamping working (finishing) area maximum, machining area is overlapping, outer shroud working (finishing) areaBe greater than wheel hub working (finishing) area.
Outer shroud and wheel hub and junction, blade two ends form parametric curve, add man-hour cutter and interfere seriously with blade, need adoptUse clamping twice, should make each clamping working (finishing) area maximum, machining area is overlapping, eliminates the cutter that connects of twice clamping processing generationTrace.
Preferred: in step 3, determine cutter shaft angular range with boundary curve relation, determine cutter shaft point pointed andLinear position, and maximum top rake and the angle of heel of cutter shaft swing. Thereby realize better the non-ruled surface cutter track rail of sealingMark planning.
The present invention compared with prior art has following effect:
The invention has the advantages that: according to closed non-ruled surface architectural feature, for its digital control processing, different positionsAdopt different Processing Strategies, realized integrated processing in five-axle number control machine tool, processing flexibility and working (machining) efficiency are high, andProcessing is stable, produces the preparatory period short, the high conformity of each blade shape, dynamic balance is high, machining accuracy in IT6,Realize the raising of double shrouded wheel machining accuracy and machined surface quality, be particularly suitable for large batch of production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is closed non-ruled surface structural representation, comprise 1 blade concavity, 2 outer shrouds, 3 trailing edges, 4 blade convexities,5 wheel hubs and 6 leading edges;
Fig. 2 is that passage biasing surface generates schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is s4 face phase tangent line schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is phase tangent line schematic diagram on s2 face;
Fig. 5 is that machining area is determined schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is that cutter shaft angle is determined schematic diagram (α1、α2Represent processing F1O4Border angle of lead when AO region; β1、β2TableShow processing F1O4Border side inclination angle is when in AO the region).
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with instantiation and accompanying drawing.
A kind of closed non-ruled surface numerical control machining knife of the present invention road method for planning track, the method includes the steps of:
(1) Intrados processing adopts the Processing Strategies of cutter shaft interpolation, defines a series of vector to control cutter on intradosAxle, on intrados, the generating tool axis vector of all the other tool position points is obtained by U-V bilinear interpolation or spline interpolation. Determining of vectorJustice, through constantly debugging and amendment, finally will reach, and cutter reasonably swings in closed space, and cutter to the greatest extent canApproach wheel hub and the outer shroud of both sides energy, and don't cross the surface of cutting wheel hub and outer shroud, reduce to greatest extent intrados and wheelThe residual district of hub and outer interannular.
(2) outer shroud and wheel hub and junction, blade two ends form parametric curve, add man-hour cutter and interfere sternly with bladeHeavy, need to adopt twice clamping. Should make each clamping working (finishing) area maximum, machining area is overlapping, eliminates twice clamping processing and producesThe raw tool marks that connect. Outer shroud working (finishing) area is greater than wheel hub working (finishing) area, and outer shroud processing cutter shaft adopts and points to straight line, the determining of straight lineShould make cutter shaft pendulum angle in allowed band, can make again blade root machining level and smooth. Passage inner wheel hub machining angle is little, its cutterAxle adopts and points to point, and definite principle of some position is identical with straight line.
(3) digital control processing of back of the body arc adopts side edge to drive--and add the Processing Strategies of top rake, definition is drawn along the side edge that drives curved surfaceThe cutter shaft that line moves. If cutter is not with tapering, cutter shaft will be parallel to side edge line. If cutter band tapering, cutter shaft soTo be scribed into certain angle with side edge, but the two is coplanar, drives the movement of the curved surface domination flank of tool, and " parts surface "Join the movement of point of a knife.
(4) variation of back of the body arc mid portion curvature of curved surface very sharply, adopts two 4 axles on driving body. Specify oneThe 4 axle anglecs of rotation, a top rake and an angle of heel, in " two 4 axles ", be respectively one-way movement and gyration definitionDifferent parameters.
(5) leading edge, trailing edge digital control processing, the Processing Strategies of application three axles can realize.
In step (1) (2) (3) (4), machining area and cutter shaft movement angle scope are determined and can be realized as follows:
1. cutter shaft sports safety space is set, makes safe screw rotor. Screw rotor by will for inner arc, outer shroud, back of the body arc,The inside offset or dish d of wheel hub surface realizes. D value equals cutter shaft radius, semifinishing surplus and safe distance sum, and passage is inclined to one sidePut face as shown in Figure 2, s1, s2, s3, s4 are respectively the rear inner arc of biasing, outer shroud, back of the body arc, wheel hub surface, and M, N are respectivelyCutter entrance location when positive and negative twice clamping.
2. machining area is determined. Should ensure each clamping processing, working (finishing) area maximum. On s4 face, cross O1Be straight line l1APhaseCut curve O4O8In A point, make curve O1O5With O4O8Common tangent l3ACut curve O4O8In C point, as shown in Figure 3,In like manner, on s2 face, cross O2Be straight line l1BTangent curve O3O7In B point, be curve O2O6With O3O7Common tangent l3BTangent curve O3O7In D point, as shown in Figure 4. Connect AB, CD, find region O3O4AB and O7O8CD exists notIntersecting area AOC, for improving crudy, machining area should be as far as possible overlapping, therefore O simultaneously3O4AB can be used as from MMachining area when cutter. O7O8Machining area when AOD can be used as from N feed. AB and CD give an O mutually, cross O pointMake face concentric with s2, s4, for avoiding cutter interference, O7O8AOD、O3O4AB should be divided into again region, left and right and process respectively,FF1As its line of demarcation, as shown in Figure 5.
3. cutter shaft angular range is determined. With processing F1O4AO region is example, crosses A point and is curve O4O8Tangent line and normal divideWei l1And l2, connect AF1，AF1With l1Angle be α1, DE and l2Angle be β1. Cross O point and be curve FF1Tangent line and normal be respectively l3And l4, connect OO2，OO2With l3Angle be α2，OO2With l4Angle be β2。min(α1,α2)、min(β1,β2) be processing F1O4The maximum angle of lead in AO region and angle of heel, in like manner can be processedO3F1OB、O7Angle of lead and angle of heel scope when in FOD the region, as shown in Figure 6. For machining area O8FOA, cutter shaftControl method adopts points to point, crosses A point and does straight line to N end, and straight line and curved surface s1 is tangent, and point can be determined on this straight line.
Embodiment:
Be example for certain model engine double shrouded wheel part, the cutter track method for planning track that adopts the present invention to propose is tested.The outer ring diameter of this double shrouded wheel is 81.3mm, and hub diameter is 59mm, and impeller height is 25mm, and blade height is 10mm,Blade is the closed non-ruled surface of typical case, 2.61 millimeters of minimum spacings between blade. Intrados processing cutter track track top rake and inclinationAngle is 9.8 °, vector point coordinates be (8.714,39.004,0.150), (8.715,30.829,0.149), (8.716,30.829,0.149), (1.116,30.029,9.609); Back of the body arc processing cutter track track Zig cutting angle of lead for-65 °, angle of heel is26 °, Zag cutting angle of lead is that 65 °, angle of heel are-26 °; Wheel hub generating tool axis vector point coordinates be (8.284,35.155,26.798); The back of the body arc mid portion processing cutter track track anglec of rotation is 0, and top rake and angle of heel are 60 °; Outer shroud processing cutter shaftThe straight line pointing to is through point (9.930,37.371,27.928), and this vector and X plane included angle be 34.66 °, puts down with ZFace angle is 5.15 °; 135 ° of leading edge, the maximum corner angles of trailing edge processing cutter track track.
Tool path planning program for this double shrouded wheel is carried out to cutting simulation on VERICUT software, and adopt Ф 2.4mmBall head knife, cutter material is YL10.2, handle of a knife is long for 50mm, at MIKRONUCP1350 five-axis NC machine centerOn lathe, carry out test specimen processing, closed non-ruled surface blade is in process, and lathe operates steadily, cutter and bladeSurface is without interfering, and cutter axis orientation is without jumping phenomenon, and cutter is stressed comparatively even, and blade root and blade place be without over-cutting, curved surfaceJoining place is smooth continuously. Through detecting, surface roughness Ra is less than 0.8 μ m, and blade profile deviation, lower than 0.04mm, meets and addsWork technological requirement.
Present embodiment is the exemplary illustration to this patent just, does not limit its protection domain, and those skilled in the art alsoCan change its part, as long as no the Spirit Essence that exceeds this patent, all in the protection domain of this patent.
Claims (3)
1. a closed non-ruled surface numerical control machining knife road method for planning track, is characterized in that: closed non-straight burr songThe concrete steps of face numerical control machining knife road method for planning track are:
Step 1: the processing of the blade concavity (1) of closed non-ruled surface structure adopts the Processing Strategies of cutter shaft interpolation,On intrados, define a series of vector to control cutter shaft, on intrados, the generating tool axis vector of all the other tool position points is two-way by U-VLinear interpolation or spline interpolation obtain;
The definition of vector, through constantly debugging and amendment, finally will reach, and cutter reasonably swings in closed space,Make cutter approach as much as possible wheel hub and the outer shroud of both sides, and don't cross the surface of cutting wheel hub and outer shroud, subtract to greatest extentThe residual district of few intrados and wheel hub and outer interannular;
Step 2: outer shroud (2) processing cutter shaft adopts and points to straight line, and determining of straight line should make cutter shaft pendulum angle in allowed bandIn, make blade root machining level and smooth simultaneously; Wheel hub (5) machining angle in passage is between-5 ° to 15 °, and its cutter shaft adopts and points toPoint, processes along runner direction;
Step 3: blade convexity (4) digital control processing adopts side edge to drive--add the Processing Strategies of top rake, definition is bent along drivingThe mobile cutter shaft of side edge line of face, if cutter is not with tapering, cutter shaft will be parallel to side edge line, if cutter band tapering, cutterAxle will be scribed into certain angle with side edge, but the two is coplanar, drive the movement of the curved surface domination flank of tool, and parts surface prop upJoin the movement of point of a knife; Blade convexity mid portion adopts two 4 axles on driving body; Specify 4 axle anglecs of rotation, oneTop rake and an angle of heel, in two 4 axles, be respectively one-way movement and gyration and define different parameters;
Step 4: leading edge (6), trailing edge (3) digital control processing, the Processing Strategies of application three axles is completed.
2. the closed non-ruled surface numerical control machining knife of one according to claim 1 road method for planning track, its featureBe: in step 2, outer shroud and wheel hub and junction, blade two ends form parametric curve, determine processing with phase cutting methodRegion, adopts positive and negative twice clamping, each clamping working (finishing) area maximum, and machining area is overlapping, and outer shroud working (finishing) area is greater than wheelHub working (finishing) area.
3. the closed non-ruled surface numerical control machining knife of one according to claim 1 and 2 road method for planning track, itsBe characterised in that: in step 3, determine cutter shaft angular range with boundary curve relation, determine cutter shaft point pointed and straightLine position, and maximum top rake and the angle of heel of cutter shaft swing.
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| CN108229019B (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2021-09-03 | 苏州千机智能技术有限公司 | Closed blisk blade finish machining method |
| CN111889765B (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2022-04-08 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Numerical control machining method for corner structure of paper honeycomb part |
| CN112462688B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-03-04 | 上海维宏电子科技股份有限公司 | Method, system, device, processor and storage medium for achieving cutter path planning single drill package for numerical control six-face drilling cutting machine |
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| JP2561908B2 (en) * | 1985-03-29 | 1996-12-11 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Numerical control device and numerical control method |
| CN101745672B (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2013-01-23 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Method for processing slots on turbine rotor for mushroom-shaped blade roots |
| CN102085576B (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-11-14 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Five-axis linkage variable-axis plunge milling numerically controlled processing method for blade part of integral impeller |
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