CN105414622B - A kind of HECNCM method of large-scale flexible blade - Google Patents
A kind of HECNCM method of large-scale flexible blade Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of HECNCM method of large-scale flexible blade, the present invention relates to the HECNCM method of large-scale flexible blade.Quiver blade surface uneven caused by knife etc. during the invention aims to solve the problems, such as high existing method long processing time, production cost and blade processing.Process is：First, blade boss is processed：Blade boss is located at the centre position of blade, Milling Process is carried out by the way of profile milling of ascending a height and removes surplus, after profile of ascending a height is milled except surplus, the steam passage fillet between blade boss and steam passage is worked into the size of product requirement using face milling cutters using the angle of heel between 30 ° -45 °；2nd, steam passage is processed：Using etc. process by the way of step pitch, cutter is using straight-bar four axis processing mode or using the maize milling cutter for inlaying square shoulder blade R1.6；3rd, the HECNCM method that alloy groove machines flexible blade is carried out after steam passage machines.The present invention is applied to steam turbine field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the HECNCM method of large-scale flexible blade.
Background technology
At present, final stage big blade processing time length, a piece of 1375 blade processing time are 38 hours, a piece of 1029 blade
Process time is 24 hours, and single blade processing overlong time has had a strong impact on the manufacturing schedule of blade.In process often
Often there is phenomena such as " hole point ", " washboard ", also have a strong impact on leaf quality, as shown in Figure 1.Meanwhile the blade machined
There is certain proportion because vibration causes blade rejection, virtually add the cost that feeds intake of blade.Conventional settling mode ---
Layering processing causes blade consumption seriously, and only by taking 1375 blade finish-milling steam passages as an example, two layers of finish-milling boss periphery steam passage needs to consume
Take the non-standard square shoulder blades (custom-made) 25 of R3.1, substantially increase the production cost of blade processing.These are all mesh
Preceding large-scale flexible blade processing is badly in need of innovating improved content.
The content of the invention
Quiver knife during the invention aims to solve high existing method long processing time, production cost and blade processing
Deng caused by the problem of blade surface uneven, and propose a kind of HECNCM method of large-scale flexible blade.
Above-mentioned goal of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
Step 1: blade boss is processed：Blade boss is located at the centre position of blade, is entered by the way of profile milling of ascending a height
Row Milling Process removes surplus, and after profile of ascending a height is milled except surplus, the side between 30 ° -45 ° is used using face milling cutters
Steam passage fillet between blade boss and steam passage is worked into the size of product requirement by inclination angle；
Wherein, the surplus residue 3mm of steam passage and steam passage fillet connected component is not processed when steam passage fillet is processed；Steam passage and vapour
The surplus of road fillet connected component is processed by the ball head knife D20 for inlaying R10 willow leaf blades and removed；
When layer milling boss and layer milling boss edge are no more than in 20mm, R5 circular knifes are inlayed using dovetail imitating milling cutter D32；
Step 2: steam passage is processed：Using etc. process by the way of step pitch, cutter is using straight-bar four axis processing mode or adopts
With the maize milling cutter for inlaying square shoulder blade R1.6；
The steam passage conical surface is using inlaying the D40 imitation-shaped knifes of R6 circular knifes by steam passage cone face process to surplus 0.2mm；
Steam passage, blade shroud band profile processing：Using straight-bar four axis processing steam passage and blade shroud band molded line
To surplus 0.2mm；
Step 3: blade boss and steam passage carry out alloy groove processing after machining：Using milling alloy groove molded line back and forth, one
The knife upmilling of knife climb cutting one, cutting-in：0.2mm, rotating speed S=5000/min, amount of feeding F=1600, cutter D10R1, complete flexible leaflet
The HECNCM method of piece.
Invention effect
1st, in processing efficiency：Original processing process program takes 38 hours (1375 blade), 28 hours (1029 blade),
Time-consuming new technology scheme is only 20 hours (1375 blade), 16 hours (1029 blade), when data are that actual production is processed
Between, process time is short, reduces production cost.Meanwhile blade surface hollow caused by knife etc. is quivered when solving blade processing not
Flat phenomenon.
2nd, on blade expends：
1029 blades
Original processing scheme expends 1.5, D40R6 blades, 4, D40R5 blades, 7.5, D40R3.1 blades；New technology scheme
Expend 8, D32R1.6 blades.
1375 blades
Original processing scheme expends 15, D40R5 blades, 15~20, D40R3.1 blades；New technology scheme expends D32R1.6
10, blade.
3rd, in terms of surface quality：Former process program surface quality is smooth, and knife mark is fine and closely woven；The more former scheme of new departure surface quality
Difference, knife mark is thicker, but meets polishing requirement.The surface quality of blade such as Figure 12.
4th, in terms of each critical size of blade：
1), length of blade Direction distortion amount≤1.5mm, meets technological requirement.
2), vane type line curvature meets process requirement.
3), surface accuracy meets polishing and required.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that " washboard " that 1375 blade surfaces occur quivers line figure；
Fig. 2 is that boss peripheral tier mills surplus figure；
Fig. 3 is processing mode figure used by four axle finish-milling steam passages
Fig. 4 is that effect of the milling cutter to blade is tried hard to
Fig. 5 is root cap circular conical surface manuscript
Fig. 6 is root cap steam passage, fillet manuscript
Fig. 7 is comparison diagram before and after mode used by five-axle linkage finish-milling alloy groove
Fig. 8 schemes for dovetail imitating milling cutter D32R5
Fig. 9 is maize milling cutter figure
Figure 10 schemes for imitating milling cutter D40R6
Figure 11 is D20R10 lancet figures
Figure 12 is the big blade surface Quality Map of new method processing；
Figure 13 is that Ferrari Five-axis NC Machining Center (lathe model N530) blade root orientation fixture is blade root tooth holder figure；
Figure 14 is layer milling, profile Milling Machining mode figure of ascending a height；
Figure 15 is Ferrari five-axis robot lathe top view；
Figure 16 is Ferrari five-axis robot lathe side view.
Embodiment
Embodiment one：Illustrate present embodiment, a kind of large-scale flexible leaf of present embodiment with reference to Figure 15, Figure 16
The HECNCM method of piece is specially：
It is blade root tooth form that the program, which uses Ferrari Five-axis NC Machining Center (lathe model N530) blade root orientation fixture,
Fixture, as Figure 13 fixtures and blade-root molded line are completely the same, fixed with blade root locking；Integral shroud is fixed for presser type；
Processing sequence：First process boss → boss fillet → boss periphery steam passage part → to both sides root cap direction and process it
His part；
Step 1: blade boss is processed：(depicted portion is the boss (technical term of blade as shown in Figure 2：English abbreviation：
Snub) part) blade boss is located at the centre position of blade, and the blank before the processing of blade five-axis machine tool is added by four axle lathes
Obtained after work, due to the limitation of four axle lathe itself free degree, cause the processing front boss of five-axis machine tool shown in upper figure part
Compared with actual product：Normal direction surplus is uneven.Finished according to conventional profiling, the place that surplus can be caused big is made an uproar
Sound is big, the serious even snap blade of tool wear.By the way of profile milling of ascending a height, multiple stations are carried out more than Milling Process removal
Amount, it is therefore an objective to make blade projection section normal direction surplus uniform, surplus is gone for follow-up profiling finishing.One side residue surplus leaf
Curved surface after piece processing is compared with actual product：It is remaining in normal direction：0.7mm, as shown in Figure 2.Layer milling is exactly to step on during layer milling
High profile milling.The Machining of Curved Surface of blade is come out by each layer of processing；After profile of ascending a height is milled except surplus, consider
Blade root cap relative stiffness is preferable, can no longer be layered, and is adopted using face milling cutters (face milling cutters are universal cutter, and what producer has)
Steam passage fillet between blade boss and steam passage is worked into the size of product requirement with the angle of heel between 30 ° -45 °；This is
Because now blade projection section surplus is uniform, therefore there is no concern that the problems such as being vibrated caused by somewhere surplus is big.So, due to circle
Conical surface surplus is big, therefore root cap circular conical surface is directly worked into surplus 0.2mm by the processing of the conical surface using D40R6 roughing milling cutter；
Wherein, the surplus residue 3mm of steam passage and steam passage fillet connected component is not processed when steam passage fillet is processed；Reason is,
Roughing milling cutter is more processed to fillet part, and cutting output is bigger；Full knife cutting easily causes " vexed knife ".So roughing milling cutter does not have to vapour
Road and fillet part are worked into process, allowance 3mm.The surplus of steam passage and steam passage fillet connected component is by inlaying R10
The ball head knife D20 processing of willow leaf blade removes；As shown in Figure 5；Tool path pattern likeness in form milling cutter " shoving along ", as shown in fig. 6, Figure 11
For lancet figure.
When layer milling boss and layer milling boss edge are no more than in 20mm, blade surplus is big and uneven, using dovetail profiling
Milling cutter D32 inlays R5 circular knifes；The characteristics of circular knife is that shock resistance is preferable, and cutter hub diameter is less than cutting diameter, is advantageous to avoid
Boss easily realizes complicated tool track, so kind dovetail imitating milling cutter is adapted to this sequence to process.Such as Fig. 8, Figure 14；
Step 2: steam passage is processed：(split and initial surface the are not parallel) processing no longer by the way of step pitch was become in the past, and
Be using etc. by the way of step pitch (split is parallel with initial surface) process because becoming step pitch processing steam passage easily causes blade
Unbalance stress, so as to cause the line that quivers occur during blade processing, as shown in figure 3, every layer of knife rail of pitch of the laps processing is all mutual
The step pitch such as parallel；In order to reduce active force of the milling cutter to blade, cutter is using straight-bar four axis processing mode or using edge
Embedding square shoulder blade R1.6 maize milling cutter；Proved by testing：R0.8 blade abrasions too small R are too fast, and R3.2 knives larger R
It is excessive to the active force of blade when piece is processed, there is the line that quivers.Such as Fig. 9；
Steam passage cone face process：Because root cap peripheral part is rigidly preferable, using inlaying the D40 imitation-shaped knifes of R6 circular knifes by vapour
Road cone face process is to surplus 0.2mm；Such as Figure 10；
Steam passage, blade shroud band profile processing：Due to blade poor rigidity, easily occur allowing knife phenomenon to occur when stress is big
Quiver line, considers to abandon the mode of five-axle linkage processing vane type line, using the four-axle linked (model of straight-bar：1375 blades, 1029 leaves
Piece), big cutting-in, half step distance, settle High-speed machining steam passage and blade shroud band molded line at one go to surplus 0.2mm；
Conventional five-axle linkage processing vane type line, because the swing of cutter head is processed, milling cutter tip is caused to produce blade perpendicular
The straight downward active force changed over time, this active force is deformable blade, allow knife, quiver knife the problems such as the main reason for.For
Reduction this active force, the four-axle linked processing mode of straight-bar can be used, as shown in Figure 4.Due to horizontal feed, vane stress
Most of is horizontal force, can thus reduce vertical direction active force of the milling cutter to blade.
Step 3: blade boss and steam passage carry out alloy groove processing after machining：Former technology mode processing alloy groove is adopted
It is the mode of five linkage layer milling climb cuttings processing alloy groove molded line.The advantages of this processing mode is climb cutting processing, and processing is steady
Fixed, surface quality is guaranteed；Shortcoming is that every layer of processing is required for cutter lifting Aligning control to process, and this has resulted in long processing time.Examine
It is little to consider every layer of working depth of this sequence, it is suitable, upmilling effect is not notable.The present invention is using milling alloy groove molded line, a knife are suitable back and forth
The knife upmilling of milling one, no longer cutter lifting, as shown in Figure 7.Cutting-in：0.2mm, rotating speed S=5000/min, amount of feeding F=1600, cutter
D10R1, the HECNCM method of flexible blade is completed, complete the HECNCM method of flexible blade.
It is large-scale to refer to blade of the steam passage length more than more than 1 meter；
(alloy groove is located at blade inlet edge, the rounding position that inner arc is connected with back of the body arc.--- industry provides) (in diagram
Face is industry slang entirely, substantially once saying the implication for all understanding respective title and position.)
Embodiment two：Present embodiment is unlike embodiment one：Blade is convex in the step 1
Platform is processed：Blade boss is located at the centre position of blade, and Milling Process is carried out by the way of profile milling of ascending a height and removes surplus, tool
Body process is：
Layer is away from 1mm, speed of mainshaft S=2500r/min, the amount of feeding F=1200mm/min of lathe feed, surplus 0.7mm；
Due to large-scale flexible blade length of cantilever, the reason such as blade poor rigidity itself, consider overall big blade first from rigidity
Worst place --- boss and its boss periphery steam passage start to process；Then from boss to leaf with, integral shroud direction processing steam passage
Fillet, the conical surface.
Other steps and parameter are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three：Present embodiment is unlike embodiment one or two：Vapour in the step 2
Road processes：Using etc. process by the way of step pitch；Detailed process is：
Step pitch 0.7mm, 35 degree of angle of heel, 43 degree of top rake, steam passage surplus 0.2mm.
Other steps and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to two.
Embodiment four：Unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three：The step
Steam passage, blade shroud band profile processing in rapid two：Arrived using straight-bar four axis processing steam passage and blade shroud band molded line
Surplus 0.2mm；Detailed process is：
Step pitch 1mm, rotating speed S=2500r/min, amount of feeding F=1800mm/min, surplus 0.2mm；The direction of steam passage processing
First processing rigidity preferably place is reprocessed in the poor place of processing rigidity for upper consideration, i.e., scheme is：By the centre position of blade
Processed to the both sides of blade, first process integral shroud direction, reprocessing leaf finally processes blade shroud band molded line with direction.
Other steps and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five：Unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to four：The step
The surplus residue 3mm of steam passage and steam passage fillet connected component is not processed when steam passage fillet is processed in rapid one；Steam passage and steam passage fillet
The surplus of connected component is processed by the ball head knife D20 for inlaying R10 willow leaf blades and removed；Detailed process is：
Step pitch 0.3mm, rotating speed S=1600/min, amount of feeding F=1200,20 degree of top rake, 20 degree of angle of heel, steam passage type
Line surplus 0.2mm, steam passage circular conical surface surplus 3mm.
Other steps and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six：Unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to five：The step 1
The surplus of middle steam passage and steam passage fillet connected component is processed by the ball head knife D20 for inlaying R10 willow leaf blades to be removed；Detailed process
For：
Parameter：Step pitch 0.6mm, rotating speed S=3000/min, amount of feeding F=1200,20 degree of top rake, 20 degree of angle of heel.It is whole
Body scheme abandons R3.1 square shoulders blade, the R5 circular knifes that former process program uses.
Other steps and parameter are identical with one of embodiment one to five.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. HECNCM method of large-scale flexible blade, it is characterised in that a kind of large-scale flexible blade it is efficient numerically controlled Processing method is specially：Step 1: blade boss is processed：Blade boss is located at the centre position of blade, and milling is carried out by the way of profile milling of ascending a height Cut processing and remove surplus, after profile of ascending a height is milled except surplus, the angle of heel between 30 ° -45 ° is used using face milling cutters Steam passage fillet between blade boss and steam passage is worked into the size of product requirement；Wherein, the surplus residue 3mm of steam passage and steam passage fillet connected component is not processed when steam passage fillet is processed；Steam passage is justified with steam passage The surplus of angle connected component is processed by the ball head knife D20 for inlaying R10 willow leaf blades and removed；When layer milling boss and layer milling boss edge are no more than 20mm, R5 circular knifes are inlayed using dovetail imitating milling cutter D32；Step 2: steam passage is processed：Using etc. process by the way of step pitch, cutter is using straight-bar four axis processing mode or using edge Embedding square shoulder blade R1.6 maize milling cutter；The steam passage conical surface is using inlaying the D40 imitation-shaped knifes of R6 circular knifes by steam passage cone face process to surplus 0.2mm；Steam passage, blade shroud band profile processing：Using straight-bar four axis processing steam passage and blade shroud band molded line more than Measure 0.2mm；Step 3: blade boss and steam passage carry out alloy groove processing after machining：It is suitable using milling alloy groove molded line back and forth, a knife The knife upmilling of milling one, cutting-in：0.2mm, rotating speed S=5000r/min, amount of feeding F=1600mm/min, cutter D10R1, complete flexible The HECNCM method of blade.
- A kind of 2. HECNCM method of large-scale flexible blade according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Blade boss is processed in the step 1：Blade boss is located at the centre position of blade, by the way of profile milling of ascending a height Carry out Milling Process and remove surplus, detailed process is：Layer is away from 1mm, speed of mainshaft S=2500r/min, the amount of feeding F=1200mm/min of lathe feed, surplus 0.7mm；First from Boss and its boss periphery steam passage start to process.
- A kind of 3. HECNCM method of large-scale flexible blade according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step Steam passage is processed in two：Using etc. process by the way of step pitch；Detailed process is：Step pitch 0.7mm, 35 degree of angle of heel, 43 degree of top rake, steam passage surplus 0.2mm.
- A kind of 4. HECNCM method of large-scale flexible blade according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The step Steam passage, blade shroud band profile processing in two：Using straight-bar four axis processing steam passage and blade shroud band molded line more than Measure 0.2mm；Detailed process is：Step pitch 1mm, rotating speed S=2500r/min, amount of feeding F=1800mm/min, surplus 0.2mm；From the centre position of blade to The both sides processing of blade, first processes integral shroud direction, and reprocessing leaf finally processes blade shroud band molded line with direction.
- A kind of 5. HECNCM method of large-scale flexible blade according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The step The surplus residue 3mm of steam passage and steam passage fillet connected component is not processed when steam passage fillet is processed in one；Steam passage and steam passage fillet phase Even the surplus of part is processed by the ball head knife D20 for inlaying R10 willow leaf blades and removed；Detailed process is：Step pitch 0.3mm, rotating speed S=1600r/min, amount of feeding F=1200mm/min, 20 degree of top rake, 20 degree of angle of heel.
- A kind of 6. HECNCM method of large-scale flexible blade according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The step The surplus of steam passage and steam passage fillet connected component is processed by the ball head knife D20 for inlaying R10 willow leaf blades in one removes；Detailed process For：Parameter：Step pitch 0.6mm, rotating speed S=3000r/min, amount of feeding F=1200mm/min, 20 degree of top rake, angle of heel 20 Degree.
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| CN108188458A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-06-22 | 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 | A kind of method for milling for being used to process blade root groove of blade |
| CN108568532B (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2019-09-27 | 山东大学 | A method of removing thin-wall complicated piece surface chatter mark |
| CN110497036B (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2020-10-16 | 西安陕鼓动力股份有限公司 | Molding method and processing method of movable blade tooth-shaped special-shaped chamfer |
| CN111922400A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-13 | 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 | Method for machining steam passage fillet and conical surface of marine steam turbine blade by adopting lancet |
| CN112317823B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-06-14 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Milling method for independent boss |
| CN114406621A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-04-29 | 成都航天精诚科技有限公司 | Manufacturing and detecting method of combined large-size high-precision strip-shaped workpiece |
| CN114309817B (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-10-28 | 成都航天精诚科技有限公司 | Manufacturing and detecting method of high-precision large-specification strip-shaped workpiece |
| CN115091151B (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2024-03-22 | 四川成飞集成科技股份有限公司 | Method for machining contour guide sliding mounting surface of wedge die |
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| SU1620220A1 (en) * | 1989-01-09 | 1991-01-15 | Предприятие П/Я Ю-9473 | Method of milling inclined slots on half-round key stem |
| US7044694B2 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2006-05-16 | Black & Decker Inc. | Router bit with position stop |
| RU2476296C2 (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2013-02-27 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Научно-производственный центр газотурбостроения "Салют" (ФГУП "НПЦ газотурбостроения "Салют") | Method of machining part blank with grooves |
| RU2482940C1 (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-05-27 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Министерство промышленности и торговли Российской Федерации (Минпромторг России) | Method of machining gas turbine engine blisk |
| CN103008741B (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 四川绵竹鑫坤机械制造有限责任公司 | Machining process of middle-long thin-wall blades |
| CN104475841B (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2017-05-24 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Long-cantilever large-scale integral blade-disc blade one-step milling method |
| CN104827113A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-08-12 | 王晓冬 | Method of processing impeller on five-axis machining center |
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