CN103928913B - A kind of high voltage DC breaker based on rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer - Google Patents
A kind of high voltage DC breaker based on rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103928913B CN103928913B CN201410125700.3A CN201410125700A CN103928913B CN 103928913 B CN103928913 B CN 103928913B CN 201410125700 A CN201410125700 A CN 201410125700A CN 103928913 B CN103928913 B CN 103928913B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high voltage DC breaker based on rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer, this breaker topology comprises change of current branch road, main circuit breaker branch road, high-speed switch supply unit, major loop reactor unit and major loop Disconnecting switch unit. Change of current branch road is a LC vibration branch road. Main circuit breaker props up route REgulatable reactor and some high-speed switch energy-absorbing pressure modules are in series. Each high-speed switch energy-absorbing pressure module all presses branch circuit parallel connection to form by a high-speed switch, an arrester and a RC. High-speed switch supply unit ensures rapidity and the concertedness of high-speed switch action. Major loop reactor unit is for reducing fault current climbing. Major loop protection switch unit for protecting inner member after breaker successfully cut-offs. The present invention is based on rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer, the speed of cut-offfing is fast, avoids fault current to rise to larger amplitude; Bear voltage levvl high, cut-off reliability high; Simple in structure, cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high voltage DC breaker field, more specifically, relate to a kind of based on rapid repulsionThe high voltage DC breaker of mechanism and insulating transformer.
Background technology
Based on the HVDC of voltage source converter (VoltageSourceConverter, VSC) structureElectrical network (HighVoltageDirectCurrentGrid, HVDCG) is considered to solve extensive limitThe grid-connected preferred plan with sending outside of wind farm group far away. Collect platform taking high-voltage direct current power grid as wind-powered electricity generation,Avoid intrinsic stability (voltage, frequency, the phase place etc.) problem of AC network, thereby be windElectricity is grid-connected provides flexible grid-connected possibility. But the new problem of bringing is the isolation of direct-current short circuit faultWith the new technology such as dc circuit breaker of excision short trouble, wherein especially the most key with dc circuit breaker.
In the time being short-circuited fault, the Low ESR of straight-flow system causes short circuit current to rise rapidly, thereforeMust ensure that dc circuit breaker excises reliably short trouble within the short as far as possible time. Meanwhile, byDuring drop-out current, need to bear higher transient recovery voltage in dc circuit breaker, must ensure mainSwitching branches meets insulating requirements.
In prior art, often adopt hydraulic pressure or pneumatic means to open main switch, actuation time is slow, causesShort circuit current rises to excessive value, and breaker is difficult to cut-off large electric current; In the time that electric pressure is higher, existingThere is the dc circuit breaker class of insulation to meet the demands, cannot bear large voltage, bang easily occurs and wear.
Summary of the invention
For above defect or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of baseIn the high voltage DC breaker of rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer, solve existing HVDC disconnectedThe problem that road device is difficult to cut-off large electric current and bears large voltage.
High voltage DC breaker based on rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer provided by the invention, bagDraw together main circuit breaker branch road, change of current branch road, high-speed switch supply unit, major loop reactor unit and masterLoop Disconnecting switch unit; Described major loop Disconnecting switch unit comprise the first isolating switch and second everyLeave pass; Described main circuit breaker branch road comprises n the equal pressing mold of high-speed switch energy-absorbing being connected in series successivelyPiece and the REgulatable reactor of connecting with described high-speed switch energy-absorbing pressure module; Described REgulatable reactorOne end be connected with described major loop reactor unit by described the first isolating switch, described adjustable electricThe other end of anti-device is connected with the 1st high-speed switch energy-absorbing pressure module, n high-speed switch energy-absorbingPressure module is connected with the second isolating switch; N is more than or equal to 1 integer; Described change of current branch road and instituteStating main circuit breaker branch circuit parallel connection connects; Described high-speed switch supply unit is inhaled with n high-speed switch respectivelyFeeder ear in energy pressure module connects, for giving the quick of each high-speed switch energy-absorbing pressure moduleSwitch operation mechanism provides power supply.
Wherein, described high-speed switch energy-absorbing pressure module comprise the high-speed switch K that is connected in parallel successively,The first arrester MOV and RC all press branch road; Described RC all presses branch road to comprise and is connected in series successivelyThe first capacitor C0With the first resistance R0。
Wherein, described high-speed switch supply unit comprises m insulating transformer unit, each insulationTransformer unit comprises the iron core T of segmentation serial connection, be wrapped in former limit winding on described iron core andThe secondary winding of multiple mutually insulateds; Described former limit winding is used for being electrically connected with city, multiple secondary windingsBe connected with the feeder ear in each high-speed switch energy-absorbing pressure module respectively, m be more than or equal to 1 wholeNumber.
Wherein, described insulating transformer unit also comprises the insulation framework G for increasing creep age distance,For full skirt shape structure, be positioned at the periphery of described iron core T.
Wherein, described major loop reactor unit comprises reactor L3, the second resistance R1, the one or two utmost pointPipe D1, the second arrester MOV2, the 3rd resistance R2, the second diode D2With the second capacitor C3；Described the first diode D1Negative electrode by described the second resistance R1With described reactor L3One end connectMeet described the first diode D1Anode and described reactor L3The other end; Described the second arresterMOV2Be connected in parallel on described reactor L3Two ends; Described the second diode D2Anode and described reactanceDevice L3One end connect, described the second diode D2Negative electrode by described the second capacitor C3Ground connection;Described the 3rd resistance R2With described the second diode D2Be connected in parallel.
Wherein, described change of current branch road comprises the first inductance L1, the second inductance L2, the 3rd capacitor C1,Four capacitor C2, transformer T1, three electrode gap SgFill energy unit with commutation capacitor; Between described three electrodesGap SgFirst end by described the first inductance L1Prop up with described the first isolating switch and described main circuit breakerThe link on road connects; Described three electrode gap SgThe second end by the second electricity being connected in series successivelySense L2With the 3rd capacitor C1Connect with the link of described main circuit breaker branch road and described the second isolating switchConnect; Described transformer T1Former limit be used for connecting civil power, described transformer T1One end of secondary coilBy described the 4th capacitor C2With described three electrode gap SgThe 3rd end connect, described transformer T1The other end ground connection of secondary coil; Commutation capacitor fill can unit for to described the 3rd capacitor C1Charging.
Wherein, described commutation capacitor fills and can comprise high-speed switch S in unit3, the 4th resistance R3With the 5th electricityResistance R4, described the 4th resistance R3With described the 5th resistance R4Be connected in series in successively described the 3rd electric capacityC1Month described the second inductance L2Link and ground between, described high-speed switch S3With described the 4th resistanceR3Be connected in parallel.
Wherein, described the first isolating switch and the second isolating switch are high-speed switch.
The present invention, by the series connection of many pack modules, can meet the requirement of different electric pressures flexibly. EachModule is born identical voltage, by one or more transformers with mutually insulated secondary to fastThe operating mechanism of K switch provides power supply. Due to the series connection of high-speed switch energy-absorbing pressure module, make eachHigh-speed switch in module is also connected in series, and the contact of high-speed switch is all in high potential, and due to absolutelyEdge transformer adopting is organized secondary structure more, and the operating mechanism being connected with insulating transformer secondary is also locatedAt high potential, thereby greatly reduce the insulating requirements between contact and the operating mechanism of high-speed switch K,Make dc circuit breaker can bear large voltage. The present invention is based on rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer,The speed of cut-offfing is fast, avoids fault current to rise to larger amplitude; Bear voltage levvl high, cut-offfing canLean on property high; Simple in structure, cost is low.
Brief description of the drawings
The high voltage direct based on rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present inventionThe theory diagram of stream breaker;
The high voltage direct based on rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present inventionThe circuit diagram of high-speed switch energy-absorbing pressure module in stream breaker;
The high voltage direct based on rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present inventionThe structure chart of insulating transformer in stream breaker;
The high voltage direct based on rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present inventionThe schematic diagram of change of current branch road in stream breaker;
The high voltage direct based on rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present inventionThe circuit diagram of major loop reactor unit in stream breaker;
The high voltage direct based on rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present inventionThe physical circuit figure of stream breaker.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawingAnd embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated. Should be appreciated that described herein concreteEmbodiment only, in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, describedIt is just passable as long as do not form each other conflict to invent technical characterictic involved in each embodimentCombination mutually.
In embodiments of the present invention, rapid repulsion mechanism is that mechanical type based on electromagnetic repulsion force action is quickSwitch. High-speed switch (Ultra-FastSwitch) mainly refers to that the switch motion time is in several milliseconds,Be different from a few tens of milliseconds of traditional switch, because its responsiveness is far above traditional switch, therefore be called fastSpeed switch.
As shown in Figure 1, high voltage DC breaker provided by the invention comprises change of current branch road 2, main circuit breakerBranch road 1, high-speed switch supply unit 3, major loop reactor unit 4 and major loop Disconnecting switch unit5. Some high-speed switch energy-absorbings that main circuit breaker branch road 1 comprises REgulatable reactor 11 and connects with itPressure module 12, this main circuit breaker branch road 1 passes through high-speed switch supply unit 3 to high-speed switch energy-absorbingHigh-speed switch operating mechanism in pressure module 12 provides power supply. This main circuit breaker branch road 1 props up with the change of currentRoad 2 parallel connections, then connect with major loop reactor unit 4 and major loop Disconnecting switch unit 5, formModular HVDC breaker body structure based on rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer.
Wherein, multiple high-speed switch energy-absorbing pressure modules 12 are connected. As shown in Figure 2, each module byHigh-speed switch K, an arrester MOV and a RC all press branch circuit parallel connection composition. Fast openClosing K is the mechanical switch based on rapid repulsion mechanism, and arrester MOV be for dissipation energy alsoThe Zinc-oxide piezoresistor of whole drop-out current, the RC in each module all presses branch road to be used for realizing that each is fastAll pressures between speed switch energy-absorbing pressure module, thus ensure that single high-speed switch can be because not bearing overvoltageAnd generation arc reignition causes failure of interruption. When normal operation, high-speed switch K is all in closing positionPut the line current high-speed switch K that only flows through. In the time detecting that short trouble occurs, high-speed switch KOpen rapidly, arcing occurs, due to the effect of change of current branch road oscillating current, high-speed switch K produces electricityFlow through zero point, arc extinction; Now high-speed switch K two ends can produce larger transient recovery voltage,In module, RC all presses branch road to play all pressure effects, prevents that the bang of single rapid repulsion K switch from wearing; WhenWhen voltage rises to arrester MOV clamp voltage, electric current is transferred to rapidly the equal pressing mold of high-speed switch energy-absorbingArrester MOV branch road in piece, the energy in circuit is absorbed by arrester MOV, until electric current fallsBe zero, complete and cut-off. Because the magnitude of voltage that individual module bears is limited, therefore, by many pack modulesSeries connection, can meet flexibly the requirement of different electric pressures. Each module is born identical voltage, logicalCross one or more transformers with mutually insulated secondary and provide electricity to the operating mechanism of high-speed switch KSource. Due to the series connection of high-speed switch energy-absorbing pressure module, the high-speed switch in modules is also connectedConnect, the contact of high-speed switch is all in high potential, and how group secondary are tied because insulating transformer adoptsStructure, makes the operating mechanism being connected with insulating transformer secondary also be in high potential, thereby greatly reducesInsulating requirements between contact and the operating mechanism of high-speed switch K, dc circuit breaker can be bornLarge voltage.
Wherein, the REgulatable reactor 11 with multiple high-speed switch energy-absorbing pressure modules 12 are connected, both participated inProduce LC reversing oscillating current, play again and suppress the effect that fault current rises, also reduced electricity simultaneouslyFall off rate while flowing through zero point, avoids arc reignition.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 3, high-speed switch supply unit 3 adopts one or morely to be had mutually absolutelyThe insulating transformer of edge secondary provides power supply to each tandem tap operating mechanism. Insulating transformer is by insulatingIron core T segmentation composes in series, and iron core outside puts insulation framework G again to increase creep age distance. InsulationSkeleton can adopt the shapes such as insulator umbrella. Transformer secondary is wrapped in the middle of two strand insulation skeletons.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 4, change of current branch road 2 is a LC vibration branch road, for generation of reverse electricityFlow through blocked zero-sound indication electric arc also for automatic reclosing is realized quick-speed turning on-off. Commutation capacitor C1From system power taking,Be precharged to system voltage. Commutation capacitor C1Can adopt capable of charging in many ways to be precharged to system voltage,Such as resistance grounded or the charging of employing transformer.
Wherein, change of current branch road 2 adopts three electrode gap SgConducting, passes through capacitor C2Protection charge circuit;Change of current branch road is the LC oscillation circuit that adopts three electrode gaps to trigger. When detect after short trouble throughCertain time-delay, the automatic control transformer T of dc circuit breaker control system1Former square tube electricity, triggers three electrodesGap SgConducting, commutation capacitor C1With inductance L1And L2Produce series resonance, for high-speed switch K'sBlow-out provides reversing the current. In addition inductance L,1And L2Be distributed in three electrode gap SgBoth sides, isolationThree electrode gap SgTrigger voltage, avoids trigger voltage string to capacitor C1Or high-speed switch K.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 5, major loop reactor unit 4 is by reactor L3, resistance R1, two utmost pointsPipe D1, arrester MOV2, resistance R2, diode D2And capacitor C3Composition. This major loop reactanceDevice unit is by reactor L3Play the effect of the climbing that reduces fault current; When cut-offfing fault currentTime, diode D1And resistance R1For reactor L3The induced voltage producing provides discharge paths, anti-Only reactor L3It is excessive that voltage is born at two ends; In the time that fault current rises rapidly, arrester MOV2LogicalOvervoltage clamper protection reactor L3, capacitor C3, diode D2And resistance R2The loop forming is used forClamp down on reactor L3Left end current potential.
Wherein, major loop Disconnecting switch unit 5 comprises the first isolating switch 51 and the second isolating switch 52.Can adopt high-speed switch. In normal operation and failure on-off process, the first isolating switch 51 and secondIsolating switch 52 is all in closure state. After breaker cut-offs successfully, isolating switch is opened, protectionDc circuit breaker inner member.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) is by multiple high-speed switch energy-absorbingsThe series connection of pressure module, can meet the dc circuit breaker requirement of different electric pressures neatly. (2) logicalCross and adopt insulating transformer to provide power supply to the operating mechanism of high-speed switch, because operating mechanism is in heightCurrent potential, greatly reduces the insulating requirements between contact and operating mechanism, has ensured that rapid repulsion switch canBy also action simultaneously.
The Modular HVDC based on rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer that the present invention proposes opens circuitDevice adopts the direct current of active type transfer current to cut-off method, produces impressed current zero crossing drop-out current.
Modular HVDC breaker in the present embodiment adopts multiple high-speed switches shown in accompanying drawing 6The high voltage DC breaker that series connection forms.
Each high-speed switch energy-absorbing pressure module in the present embodiment is kept away by a high-speed switch K, oneThunder device MOV and a RC all press branch circuit parallel connection composition. High-speed switch K for adopt insulating transformer everyFrom the high-speed switch based on rapid repulsion mechanism, arrester MOV is for for dissipation energy finally openingThe Zinc-oxide piezoresistor of power-off stream, the RC in each module all presses route resistance R and a capacitor CBe composed in series, for realizing all pressures between modules. When normal operation, high-speed switch K all inClosing position, the line current high-speed switch K that only flows through. In the time detecting that short trouble occurs, fastK switch is opened rapidly, and arcing occurs, due to the effect of change of current branch road oscillating current, and high-speed switch KGeneration current zero crossing, arc extinction; Now high-speed switch K two ends can produce larger transient recoveryVoltage, in module, RC branch road plays all pressure effects, prevents that the bang of single rapid repulsion switch from wearing; Work as electricityPress while rising to arrester MOV clamp voltage, electric current is transferred to rapidly arrester MOV branch road, lineEnergy in road is absorbed by arrester MOV, until electric current reduces to zero, completes and cut-offs. Due to single mouldThe magnitude of voltage that piece bears is limited, therefore, by the series connection of many pack modules, can meet flexibly different voltageThe requirement of grade.
High-speed switch supply unit in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, mainly by thering are multiple phasesThe transformer of insulation secondary provides power supply to each tandem tap operating mechanism mutually. Transformer is by the iron core that insulateSegmentation composes in series, and insulation framework is added in iron core outside, to increase creep age distance. Insulation framework canAdopt the shapes such as insulator umbrella. Transformer secondary is wrapped in the middle of two strand insulation skeletons.
The detailed process of this dc circuit breaker disjunction direct current is as follows:
(1) when circuit normally moves, high-speed switch K is all positioned at closing position, and electric current only props up from main switchRoad circulation; Switch S3Open capacitor C1Charge to system voltage;
(2) in the time being short-circuited fault, line current rises rapidly, and dc circuit breaker detects faultAfter electric current, open immediately eight high-speed switch K simultaneously, arcing occurs;
(3) elapsed time t1After time delay, by triggering three electrode gap SgConducting, capacitor C1With electricitySense L, L1And L2Series resonance produces oscillating current, and current transfer is to change of current branch road;
(4) capacitor C1Because fault current flows into constantly charging, when reaching arrester MOV clamper electricityWhen pressure, arrester MOV conducting, current transfer is to arrester MOV;
(5) arrester MOV constantly consumes line inductance and capacitor C1The energy storing, until circuitElectric current reduces to zero, completes and cut-offs, and now commutation capacitor fills and can move unit, switch S3Closure, the change of currentCapacitor C1Charge to rapidly system voltage; Elapsed time t2After, eight high-speed switch K of conducting again.If fault type is temporary fault, reclosing success; If fault type is nonvolatile fault,Repeating step (3) (4), completes electric current and cut-offs.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand, the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention,Not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, etc.With replacement and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the high voltage DC breaker based on rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer, its feature existsIn, comprise main circuit breaker branch road (1), change of current branch road (2), high-speed switch supply unit (3), mainLoop reactor unit (4) and major loop Disconnecting switch unit (5);
Described major loop Disconnecting switch unit (5) comprises that the first isolating switch (51) and second keeps apartClose (52);
Described main circuit breaker branch road (1) comprises n the equal pressing mold of high-speed switch energy-absorbing being connected in series successivelyPiece (12) and the REgulatable reactor (11) of connecting with described high-speed switch energy-absorbing pressure module (12);One end of described REgulatable reactor (11) is by described the first isolating switch (51) and described major loopReactor unit (4) connects, the other end of described REgulatable reactor (11) and the 1st high-speed switchEnergy-absorbing pressure module (12) connect, n high-speed switch energy-absorbing pressure module (12) and second everyLeaving pass (52) connects; N is more than or equal to 1 integer;
Described change of current branch road (2) is connected in parallel with described main circuit breaker branch road (1);
Described high-speed switch supply unit (3) respectively with n high-speed switch energy-absorbing pressure module (12)In feeder ear connect, for giving the high-speed switch of each high-speed switch energy-absorbing pressure module (12)Operating mechanism provides power supply;
Described major loop reactor unit (4) comprises reactor L3, the second resistance R1, the one or two utmost pointPipe D1, the second arrester MOV2, the 3rd resistance R2, the second diode D2With the second capacitor C3；
Described the first diode D1Negative electrode by described the second resistance R1With described reactor L3OneEnd connects, described the first diode D1Anode and described reactor L3The other end connect;
Described the second arrester MOV2Be connected in parallel on described reactor L3Two ends;
Described the second diode D2Anode and described reactor L3One end connect, described the two or two utmost pointPipe D2Negative electrode by described the second capacitor C3Ground connection;
Described the 3rd resistance R2With described the second diode D2Be connected in parallel.
2. high voltage DC breaker as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described high-speed switchEnergy-absorbing pressure module (12) comprise the high-speed switch K, the first arrester MOV that are connected in parallel successively andRC all presses branch road; The first capacitor C that described RC all presses branch road to comprise to be connected in series successively0With the first electricityResistance R0。
3. high voltage DC breaker as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described high-speed switchSupply unit (3) comprises m insulating transformer unit, and each insulating transformer unit comprises segmentationThe iron core T of serial connection, is wrapped in a former limit winding on described iron core T and multiple mutually insulatedsSecondary winding;
Described former limit winding is for being electrically connected with city, and multiple secondary windings are inhaled with each high-speed switch respectivelyFeeder ear in energy pressure module (12) connects, and m is more than or equal to 1 integer.
4. high voltage DC breaker as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described insulation transformationDevice unit also comprises the insulation framework G for increasing creep age distance, and described insulation framework G is full skirt shapeStructure, is positioned at the periphery of described iron core T.
5. high voltage DC breaker as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described change of current branch road(2) comprise the first inductance L1, the second inductance L2, the 3rd capacitor C1, the 4th capacitor C2, transformerT1, three electrode gap SgFill energy unit with commutation capacitor;
Described three electrode gap SgFirst end by described the first inductance L1With described the first isolating switch(51) be connected with the link of described main circuit breaker branch road (1);
Described three electrode gap SgThe second end by the second inductance L being connected in series successively2With the 3rd electricityHold C1, be connected with the link of described main circuit breaker branch road (1) and described the second isolating switch (52);
Described transformer T1Former limit be used for connecting civil power, described transformer T1One end of secondary coilBy described the 4th capacitor C2With described three electrode gap SgThe 3rd end connect, described transformer T1The other end ground connection of secondary coil;
Commutation capacitor fill can unit for to described the 3rd capacitor C1Charging.
6. high voltage DC breaker as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described commutation capacitorFill and can comprise high-speed switch S in unit3, the 4th resistance R3With the 5th resistance R4，
Described the 4th resistance R3With described the 5th resistance R4Be connected in series in successively described the 3rd capacitor C1With described the second inductance L2Link and ground between,
Described high-speed switch S3With described the 4th resistance R3Be connected in parallel.
7. the high voltage DC breaker as described in claim 1-6 any one, is characterized in that, described inThe first isolating switch (51) and the second isolating switch (52) are high-speed switch.
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| CN201410125700.3A CN103928913B (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2014-03-31 | A kind of high voltage DC breaker based on rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer |
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| CN201410125700.3A CN103928913B (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2014-03-31 | A kind of high voltage DC breaker based on rapid repulsion mechanism and insulating transformer |
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| CN110690078A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-14 | 国源容开国际科技（北京）股份有限公司 | Diode equal zero phase switch with fault protection |
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| CN103928913A (en) | 2014-07-16 |
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