CN111564830B - Current limiting method of transformer current limiting device based on artificial zero-crossing current limiting - Google Patents
Current limiting method of transformer current limiting device based on artificial zero-crossing current limiting Download PDFInfo
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- CN111564830B CN111564830B CN202010676853.2A CN202010676853A CN111564830B CN 111564830 B CN111564830 B CN 111564830B CN 202010676853 A CN202010676853 A CN 202010676853A CN 111564830 B CN111564830 B CN 111564830B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
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Abstract
According to the current limiting method of the transformer current limiting device based on artificial zero-crossing current limiting, when a short-circuit fault occurs, a controller immediately sends a brake opening instruction to a rapid vacuum circuit breaker after judging the short-circuit fault, when the rapid vacuum circuit breaker is opened and the contact spacing reaches a rated opening distance, the controller controls a controllable discharge gap Spark2 to be conducted, and a capacitor C is connected with a capacitor C2And an inductance L2Series resonance to generate reverse high-frequency current equivalent to the instantaneous value amplitude of the short-circuit current and to be superposed on the loop of the rapid vacuum circuit breaker to make the rapid vacuum circuit breaker complete the breaking of the short-circuit current, and then the short-circuit current is transferred to the ZnO branch of the zinc oxide arrester and flows to the capacitor C2Charging when the capacitor C is charged2When the voltage tends to be stable and reaches the ZnO residual voltage of the zinc oxide arrester, the ZnO of the zinc oxide arrester is conducted, the controllable discharge gap Spark2 is cut off, then the ZnO of the zinc oxide arrester continuously absorbs the energy of short-circuit current, and the ZnO of the zinc oxide arrester is cut off when the current crosses zero.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of transformers, in particular to a current limiting method of a transformer current limiting device based on artificial zero-crossing current limiting.
Background
The transformer is a junction of power transmission of a power grid and is a main device for running of the power grid, the transformer is a device for changing alternating current voltage by utilizing the principle of electromagnetic induction, and when a power transformer winding is in short circuit, especially when a load is in short circuit, the damage of huge electromagnetic force generated by fault current to the transformer winding is great, the normal use of the transformer can be influenced, and even the whole power transmission system can be influenced in serious cases.
In the existing transformer structure, in order to avoid the harm caused by the short circuit of the transformer, measures are taken to improve the short circuit strength of the transformer in the design and manufacturing process, such as keeping ampere-turn balance, strengthening the support between the winding and the core limb, increasing the number of supporting strips, improving the strength and hardness of the winding lead, the lead and the clamping piece, and the like. However, due to the cumulative effect of short-circuit, the short-circuit strength of the winding is reduced after multiple short-circuit current surges, so that short-circuit failure may still occur. And secondly, the short-circuit current is limited by adopting a mode of improving short-circuit impedance or externally connecting a current-limiting reactor, the operation loss of the mode is large, the bus voltage is increased along with the fluctuation of the load, the problem of electric energy quality is caused, and the operation mode of a power grid is limited. Thirdly, a fault current limiter is additionally arranged. At present, fault current limiters are mainly divided into superconducting type, power electronic type and conventional equipment type current limiters. The superconducting and power electronic fault current limiters are high in manufacturing cost and high in operating cost, and conventional equipment type current limiters can be divided into a resonant type, an arc transfer type and a fast switch type according to the principle. The resonant current limiter has the advantages that through-flow occurs in capacitance and inductance elements when the resonant current limiter normally operates, so that the loss is large, the arc transfer current limiter depends on short-circuit fault rapid identification and artificial zero-crossing technologies, the structure is complex, the reliability is low, the rapid switch current limiter limits current after the short-circuit current naturally crosses zero, the first peak value of the short-circuit current cannot be limited, the current limiting effect is poor, all fault current limiters are the same as a current limiting reactor, a large installation position is needed during actual use, and the current limiters are more and more limited under the conditions that the occupied area of a transformer substation is smaller and smaller, and. In summary, under the condition that the installation floor area is limited by the size, a current limiting device which is small in size, convenient to install and maintain, free of increasing operation loss and good in current limiting effect is urgently needed, and no economic and reliable technical measure is provided for limiting the short-circuit current of the transformer at present.
The above information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known in this country to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies or drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a current limiting device and a current limiting method for a transformer, wherein a current limiting reactor is disposed in an oil tank of the transformer, so that when a short-circuit fault occurs, a short-circuit current can be limited before the short-circuit current reaches a peak value, and the transformer is prevented from suffering a large short-circuit current impact, thereby greatly reducing an accumulative effect of a short circuit, preventing the transformer from suffering from short-circuit impact damage, prolonging a life of the transformer, reducing a load of a related breaker on/off short-circuit current, and being convenient and fast to maintain without increasing loss. Particularly, the artificial zero-crossing branch is added on the parallel branch of the current-limiting reactor and the fast switch, so that the short-circuit current is transferred from the fast switch branch to the current-limiting reactor on the first half-wave rising edge of the short-circuit current, and the limitation on the first peak value of the short-circuit current is realized.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A current limiting method of transformer current limiting device based on artificial zero crossing current limiting is characterized in that,
the current limiting device includes:
the transformer oil tank is internally provided with an iron core, a high-voltage winding and a low-voltage winding,
a current limiting reactor provided in the transformer tank and connected in series to an end of the high-voltage winding, the current limiting reactor including a hollow current limiting reactor, both ends of the current limiting reactor being led out from a wall of the transformer tank via a lead wire,
the fast switch branch road and artifical zero passage branch road, the two are all established outside the transformer tank and respectively connect in parallel the current-limiting reactor, wherein:
the fast switching branch comprises a fast vacuum circuit breaker;
the artificial zero-crossing branch comprises an artificial zero-crossing branch resistor, an inductor, a capacitor and a controllable discharge gap which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the capacitor and the controllable discharge gap are connected in series and are also connected in parallel with the zinc oxide arrester;
the current limiting method comprises the following steps:
when in normal operation, the fast vacuum circuit breaker FVCB in the fast switch branch is switched on, and the capacitor charging loop switches on the capacitor C2Charging to a rated voltage; when short-circuit fault occurs, the FVCB controller immediately sends a brake-off instruction to the FVCB after judging the short-circuit fault, when the FVCB of the rapid vacuum circuit breaker is switched off and the contact distance reaches the rated opening distance, the FVCB controller controls the controllable discharge gap Spark2 to be switched on, the capacitor C2And an inductance L2Series resonance to generate reverse high-frequency current equivalent to short-circuit current instantaneous value amplitude, and superposing the reverse high-frequency current on a rapid vacuum circuit breaker FVCB loop to make the rapid vacuum circuit breaker FVCB complete the short-circuit current breaking, and then the short-circuit current is transferred to a ZnO branch of a zinc oxide arrester and flows to a capacitor C2Charging when the capacitor C is charged2When the voltage tends to be stable and reaches the ZnO residual voltage of the zinc oxide arrester, the ZnO of the zinc oxide arrester is conducted, the controllable discharge gap Spark2 is cut off, then the ZnO of the zinc oxide arrester continuously absorbs the energy of short-circuit current, and the ZnO of the zinc oxide arrester is cut off when the current crosses zero.
In the transformer current limiting device, the current limiting reactor is a single-phase current limiting reactor.
In the transformer current limiting device, the current limiting reactor is fixed by an iron core clamping piece of the transformer, and an insulating piece is arranged between the iron core clamping piece and the current limiting reactor in a cushioning mode.
In the transformer current limiting device, the insulating part is a rubber product.
In the transformer current limiting device, lead wires connected with two ends of the current limiting reactor penetrate through the wall of the transformer oil tank through an insulating sleeve to be led out.
The scheme of the invention can limit the short-circuit current of the transformer, does not increase the operation loss and improves the economic benefit. The invention has simple structure, does not need complex control technology, has the functions of quick and automatic current limiting and high reliability, and further improves the current limiting effect through the quick switching branch and the manual zero-crossing branch. The invention has compact structure and no need of additional installation field, thereby having wider application prospect.
The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly apparent, and to make the implementation of the content of the description possible for those skilled in the art, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious, the following description is given by way of example of the specific embodiments of the present invention.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. Also, like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout the drawings.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a transformer current limiting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fast switching branch and an artificial zero crossing branch of a transformer current limiting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 2. While specific embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, various names may be used to refer to a component. This specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the invention, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be made by way of example of several specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transformer current limiting device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a transformer current limiting apparatus based on artificial zero crossing current limiting includes,
a transformer oil tank 6, wherein an iron core 7, a medium voltage winding, a high voltage winding 1 and a low voltage winding 5 are arranged in the transformer oil tank,
a current limiting reactor 2 provided in the transformer tank 6 and connected in series to an end of the high-voltage winding 1, wherein both ends of the current limiting reactor 2 are led out from a wall of the transformer tank 6 via lead wires,
the fast switch branch 4 and artifical zero passage branch 8, the two are all established outside the transformer tank and respectively connect in parallel current-limiting reactor 2, wherein:
the fast switching branch 4 comprises a fast vacuum circuit breaker;
the artificial zero-crossing branch circuit 8 comprises an artificial zero-crossing branch circuit resistor, an inductor, a capacitor and a controllable discharge gap which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the capacitor and the controllable discharge gap are connected in series and are also connected in parallel with the zinc oxide arrester.
The invention has compact structure, is suitable for the condition that the installation land occupation is limited by size, is convenient to install and maintain, does not increase the operation loss, avoids the problem of electric energy quality caused by the increase of the bus voltage along with the fluctuation of the load, does not limit the operation mode of a power grid, further improves the current limiting effect through a fast switching branch and a manual zero-crossing branch, and is economic and reliable.
In the preferred embodiment of the current limiting device for the transformer, the current limiting reactor 2 is a single-phase current limiting reactor 2.
In a preferred embodiment of the current limiting device of the transformer, the current limiting reactor 2 is fixed by a core clamp of the transformer, and an insulating member is padded between the core clamp and the current limiting reactor 2.
In a preferred embodiment of the current limiting device for the transformer, the insulating member is made of rubber.
In the preferred embodiment of the transformer current limiting device, the lead wire is led out through the wall of the transformer oil tank 6 through an insulating sleeve.
In the preferred embodiment of the transformer current limiting device, the lead wire is led out through the wall of the transformer oil tank 6 through a basin insulator.
To further understand the invention, in one embodiment, in addition to placing transformer windings and cores in the transformer tank 6, a current limiting reactor 2 meeting current limiting requirements is placed in the tank 6, and a zinc oxide component is placed outside the tank 6. Structurally, two ends of the current-limiting reactor 2 are led out through a lead and a sleeve, and are finally connected with a zinc oxide component in the artificial zero-crossing branch. The invention utilizes the reactance of the current-limiting reactor 2 to reduce the short-circuit current under the short-circuit fault, the current-limiting reactor 2 is put into in time when the fault occurs, the loss of the transformer is not increased when the transformer works normally, the invention is suitable for the manufacture of the transformer with higher requirement on the short-circuit resistance or the limitation requirement on the short-circuit current of the installation place, and the current-limiting effect is further improved by the fast switching branch and the artificial zero-crossing branch.
In one embodiment, the transformer current limiting device comprises a transformer oil tank 6, an iron core 7, a high-voltage winding 1 and a low-voltage winding 6 are arranged in the transformer oil tank 6, and the technology also comprises a medium-voltage winding and a current limiting reactor 2 when the technology is used for a three-winding transformer. A fast switch branch 4 and an artificial zero-crossing branch 8 which are connected in parallel are arranged outside the transformer oil tank 6. The current-limiting reactor 2 is connected with the tail end of the transformer high-voltage winding 1, and both ends of the current-limiting reactor are led out from the wall of the transformer oil tank 6 through leads. The current limiting reactor 2 is a hollow current limiting reactor and is arranged in the transformer oil tank 6.
Fig. 2 further illustrates an embodiment of the fast switching branch 4 and the artificial zero crossing branch 8, where L is the current limiting reactor, and the fast switching branch 4 includes FVCB (i.e. fast vacuum circuit breaker); the virtual frame is an artificial zero-crossing branch 8, R2Is an artificial zero-crossing branch resistor and a capacitor C2And an inductance L2Constituting an LC oscillating circuit. Spark2 is a controllable discharge gap, and ZnO is a zinc oxide arrester.
Further, the FVCB of the fast vacuum circuit breaker is further connected to a FVCB controller, and said FVCB controller is further connected to the Spark2 controllable discharge gap and to one end of the capacitor charging circuit. The other end of the capacitor charging loop is connected with the capacitor C2。
For this embodiment, the working principle of the artificial zero-crossing branch 8 is as follows: when the rapid vacuum circuit breaker is switched on in normal operation, the capacitor charging loop switches on the capacitor C2Charging to a rated voltage; when short-circuit fault occurs, the FVCB controller immediately sends a brake-off instruction to the FVCB after judging the short-circuit fault, when the FVCB of the rapid vacuum circuit breaker is switched off and the contact distance reaches the rated opening distance, the FVCB controller controls the controllable discharge gap Spark2 to be switched on, the capacitor C2And an inductance L2Series resonance to generate reverse high-frequency current equivalent to short-circuit current instantaneous value amplitude, and superposing the reverse high-frequency current on a rapid vacuum circuit breaker FVCB loop to make the rapid vacuum circuit breaker FVCB complete the short-circuit current breaking, and then the short-circuit current is transferred to a ZnO branch of a zinc oxide arrester and flows to a capacitor C2Charging when the capacitor C is charged2When the voltage tends to be stable and reaches the ZnO residual voltage of the zinc oxide arrester, the ZnO of the zinc oxide arrester is conducted, the controllable discharge gap Spark2 is cut off, then the ZnO of the zinc oxide arrester continuously absorbs the short-circuit current energy, the ZnO of the zinc oxide arrester is cut off when the current crosses zero, and the current-limiting reactor L is completely connected into the high-voltage winding in series.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and application fields, and the above-described embodiments are illustrative, instructive, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may effect numerous modifications thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A current limiting method of transformer current limiting device based on artificial zero crossing current limiting is characterized in that,
the current limiting device includes:
the transformer oil tank is internally provided with an iron core, a high-voltage winding and a low-voltage winding,
a current limiting reactor provided in the transformer tank and connected in series to an end of the high-voltage winding, the current limiting reactor including a hollow current limiting reactor, both ends of the current limiting reactor being led out from a wall of the transformer tank via a lead wire,
the fast switch branch road and artifical zero passage branch road, the two are all established outside the transformer tank and respectively connect in parallel the current-limiting reactor, wherein:
the fast switching branch comprises a fast vacuum circuit breaker;
the artificial zero-crossing branch comprises an artificial zero-crossing branch resistor, an inductor, a capacitor and a controllable discharge gap which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the capacitor and the controllable discharge gap are connected in series and are also connected in parallel with the zinc oxide arrester;
the current limiting method comprises the following steps:
when in normal operation, the fast vacuum circuit breaker FVCB in the fast switch branch is switched on, and the capacitor charging loop switches on the capacitor C2Charging to a rated voltage; when short-circuit fault occurs, the FVCB controller immediately sends a brake-off instruction to the FVCB after judging the short-circuit fault, when the FVCB of the rapid vacuum circuit breaker is switched off and the contact distance reaches the rated opening distance, the FVCB controller controls the controllable discharge gap Spark2 to be switched on, the capacitor C2And an inductance L2Series resonance to generate reverse high-frequency current equivalent to short-circuit current instantaneous value amplitude, and superposing the reverse high-frequency current on a rapid vacuum circuit breaker FVCB loop to make the rapid vacuum circuit breaker FVCB complete the short-circuit current breaking, and then the short-circuit current is transferred to a ZnO branch of a zinc oxide arrester and flows to a capacitor C2Charging when the capacitor C is charged2When the voltage tends to be stable and reaches the ZnO residual voltage of the zinc oxide arrester, the ZnO of the zinc oxide arrester is conducted, the controllable discharge gap Spark2 is cut off, then the ZnO of the zinc oxide arrester continuously absorbs the energy of short-circuit current, and the ZnO of the zinc oxide arrester is cut off when the current crosses zero.
2. The method of limiting current of claim 1, wherein: preferably, the current-limiting reactor is a single-phase current-limiting reactor.
3. The method of limiting current of claim 1, wherein: the current-limiting reactor is fixed by an iron core clamping piece of the transformer, and an insulating piece is arranged between the iron core clamping piece and the current-limiting reactor in a cushioning mode.
4. A method of limiting current according to claim 3, wherein: the insulating part is a rubber product.
5. The method of limiting current of claim 1, wherein: and lead wires connected with two ends of the current limiting reactor are led out through the wall of the transformer oil tank through an insulating sleeve.
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| CN113285433B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-01-04 | 安徽一天电气技术股份有限公司 | Short circuit current peak-limiting current-limiting system |
| CN113176470B (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2023-03-14 | 国网宁夏电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Fast switching device for limiting short-circuit current direct-current component of power system and current limiting method |
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| JPS5957524A (en) * | 1982-09-25 | 1984-04-03 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Ac current limiting type semiconductor circuit breaker |
| CN202550512U (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-11-21 | 上海市电力公司 | Fault current limiting device for supergrid |
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