CN103928831B - Dot matrix output solid laser based on Dammann grating - Google Patents
Dot matrix output solid laser based on Dammann grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN103928831B CN103928831B CN201410158186.3A CN201410158186A CN103928831B CN 103928831 B CN103928831 B CN 103928831B CN 201410158186 A CN201410158186 A CN 201410158186A CN 103928831 B CN103928831 B CN 103928831B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dot matrix output solid laser based on a Dammannn grating. The laser sequentially comprises a laser pumping source, a collimating lens, the dot matrix Dammann grating, a focusing lens, a laser medium and an output mirror on a laser path. The output end of the laser pumping source is placed on an object space focal point of the collimating lens, the working wavelength of the dot matrix Dammann grating is the central wavelength of the pumping light, the dot matrix Dammann grating is placed between the collimating lens and the focusing lens, and the front surface of the laser medium is plated with double-color film which fully reflects lasers and has an anti-reflection effect on the pumping light, the rear surface of the laser medium serving as a front endoscope of the laser and is plated with a laser anti-reflection film, the output mirror is plated with a laser partial-transmission film, and the output mirror and the front surface of the laser medium form a laser resonant cavity. According to the dot matrix output solid laser, only one laser pump source is used, a collimating and focusing coupling system is used for performing dot matrix pumping on the laser medium, and the dot matrix output solid laser has the advantages of being simple and compact in structure and easy to obtain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solid state laser, particularly a kind of dot matrix output solid state laser based on Darman raster.
Background technology
In recent years, the PM2.5 occurring is exceeded more and haze weather had a strong impact on urbanite quality of life and
Healthy, and the exhaust emissions being derived from the various types of vehicles with internal combustion engine as power is the important sources of urban atmospheric pollution thing.
Improve fuel availability, reduce the discharge capacity of Tail Gas, be internal combustion engine urgent problem of new generation, but in which increasing
The igniting difficulty of combustion engine, traditional electric plug cannot meet the demand of higher performance internal combustion engine.Induced with laser spark ignition skill
Art has many merits, this technology since being introduced in internal-combustion engine ignition, always one of focus of research.Induced with laser
Spark ignition technology almost can overcome all shortcomings of conventional ignition plug igniting：Without electrode, there is not electrode erosion problem,
Ignition location can leave combustor, and has the potentiality of multi-point spark.Multi-point spark can greatly shorten fuel combustion time and
And higher combustion pressure can be produced, thus obtaining higher engine efficiency, and can in the case that certain point is damaged,
Continue to work, improve the safety and reliability of internal combustion engine.Based on Laser Ignition Processes, especially multiple spot laser ignition
The spark plug of technology, had both made the problems that traditional electric plug ignition system faces be readily solved and had sent out moreover it is possible to increase substantially
Motivation efficiency.
Currently, multiple methods are had can to realize induced with laser multi-point spark.But the method adopting is all using multiple pumps
Pu source carries out, to laser crystal, the output that pumping to obtain multiple laser simultaneously, and Japan is exported with three optical fiber pigtails within such as 2011
The semiconductor laser crystal of pumping laser gain simultaneously, obtain the nanosecond pulse that three beams has high-peak power（Referring to
Nicolaie Pavel et al. delivers " Composite, all-ceramics, high-peak power Nd:YAG/Cr4+:
YAG monolithic micro-laser with multiple-beam output for engine ignition,"
《Optics Express》19(2011)9378-9384）, the method is disadvantageous in that to be made using three tunnel independence pumping systems
Laser structure is relative complex, also increases technology difficulty and the production cost that system makes.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of dot matrix output solid state laser, this laser instrument only with a pumping source,
Using a set of collimation, focusing coupled system, the pump light of described pumping source output is coupled to laser medium with latticed form,
There is simple and compact for structure and easy realization.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of dot matrix output solid state laser based on Darman raster, including pumping source, feature is that its composition is：Defeated
Go out the coupling collimating lens that pump direction is same optical axis successively, Darman raster, coupling focusing lens, increase with heat sink laser
Beneficial medium and outgoing mirror, the outfan of described pumping source is located at described coupling collimating lens object focus, described laser
Gain media is located at the rear focus of described coupling focusing lens, and the front surface of described gain medium plates the height of laser
Anti- film and the anti-reflection film of pump light, the anti-reflection film of the rear plated surface laser of this gain medium, described outgoing mirror and described
Gain medium front surface constitute laserresonator.
Described pumping source be optical fiber coupling output semiconductor laser or other laser instrument, operating central wavelength with swash
Optical gain medium dopant ion matches.
Described Darman raster has the operation wavelength matching with gain medium dopant ion, its diffraction characteristic root
According to being actually needed selection：Using 1 × 2 dot matrix, 2 × 2 dot matrix, 3 × 3 dot matrix Darman rasters, ┄ ┅ or N × N dot matrix.
Described gain medium is rear-earth-doped laser crystal, laser glass or laser ceramics.
Described outgoing mirror is plane mirror or plano-concave mirror, and is coated with the part of signal laser and passes through film.
Described collimating lens are sphere or the non-spherical lenses of short focus, and described condenser lenses are more than for focal length etc.
Coquille or aspherical mirror in collimating lens.
The solid state laser of dot matrix output of the present invention operates as follows：Semiconductor laser as pumping source
Go out pump light, after collimating lens, be approximately shaped as a branch of directional light, impinge perpendicularly on dot matrix Darman raster, through Dammam light
Pump light after grid diffraction is divided into the multi beam collimated light beam propagated with different off-axis angle directions, and these collimated light beams are with different
Condenser lenses are incided in direction, form sharp dot matrix picture point in the focal plane of condenser lenses.Formed in condenser lenses focal plane
High-energy-density pump light as the solid state laser of dot matrix output pumping point, for pumping laser gain media,
Form dot matrix laser generation in the average chamber of gain medium input face and laser instrument outgoing mirror composition simultaneously, thus the company of generation
Discontinuous Conduction mode dot matrix laser exports.
In order to complete the second invention of the second purpose
A kind of passive Q regulation pulse solid state laser of dot matrix output, including pumping source laser instrument, feature is its composition
It is：It is the coupling collimating lens of same optical axis successively in output pump direction, Darman raster, coupling focusing lens, added with heat sink
Gain medium, saturable absorber and outgoing mirror.The outfan of described pumping source is placed in described coupling collimation thoroughly
Jing Wufangjiaodianchu, described gain medium is located at the rear focus of coupling focusing lens, and described laser gain is situated between
The front surface plating laser high-reflecting film of matter and pump light anti-reflection film are as front cavity mirror, the rear plated surface laser of the gain media of this laser
Anti-reflection film, before and after described saturable absorber, two sides is plated with the counnter attack film of laser, and described outgoing mirror and laser gain are situated between
Matter front surface constitutes laserresonator.
Described pumping source laser instrument, the semiconductor laser including optical fiber coupling output or other pumping source laser instrument,
Operating central wavelength is matched with gain medium dopant ion, for example, when using Nd ion doped laser medium, described
Pumping source laser works wavelength is 808nm, when using mixing ytterbium ion laser medium, described pumping source filters center work
Making wavelength is then 940nm.
Described Darman raster has the operation wavelength matching with gain medium dopant ion, and its diffraction characteristic can
Select according to actual needs, for example, can adopt 1 × 2 dot matrix, 2 × 2 dot matrix, 3 × 3 dot matrix Darman rasters, by that analogy, expansible
To N × N dot matrix.
Described gain medium has the energy level matching with pumping light emission spectrum, can be rear-earth-doped swashing
Luminescent crystal, laser glass or laser ceramics, including Nd ion doped, YAG crystal, glass or the pottery of mixing ytterbium ion or er-doped ion
Porcelain, or for Nd ion doped, a that mixes ytterbium ion or er-doped ion cuts or c cuts YVO4Crystal, vanadic acid gadolinium crystal etc..
Described outgoing mirror can be plane mirror or plano-concave mirror, and be coated with signal laser part and pass through film.
Described collimating lens are a short focus sphere or non-spherical lens, and described condenser lenses are more than or equal to for focal length
The coquille of collimating lens or aspherical mirror.
Described gain medium is placed in the copper heat sink of water circulation refrigeration.
Described passive Q-adjusted device includes the semiconductor device with saturable absorption characteristic.
The using method of the passively Q-switch solid-state laser device of described dot matrix output, is characterised by that the method is to utilize
End pumped laser gain media, controls the length of resonator cavity by adjusting outgoing mirror position, or is increased by adjusting laser
The position of beneficial medium come to control pump light focus point in laser crystal within position, or by change saturable absorption crystal
Position and suitable control pump power size.Specifically include following three method：
First method, in the case that the position of outgoing mirror and saturable absorption crystal is all fixed, by along optical axis side
Realize pump light focal spot diverse location inside gain medium to the position adjusting laser gain crystal, suitably simultaneously
Adjust pump power, thus obtaining dot matrix pulse output；
Second method, gain medium fix and pumping optical focus be located at gain medium front surface near and
In the case that saturable absorption crystal positions are fixing, by adjusting the position of outgoing mirror along optical axis（Cavity length changes）, with
When suitably adjust pump power, thus obtain dot matrix pulse output；
The third method, gain medium fix and pumping optical focus be located at gain medium front surface near and
In the case that outgoing mirror position is fixing, by adjusting the position of saturable absorption crystal along optical axis direction（Cavity length is not
Become）, suitably adjust pump power, thus obtaining dot matrix pulse output simultaneously.
Advantages of the present invention:
1. Darman raster is applied to solid state laser field, realizes effective combination of Darman raster and laser technique,
Can be extended to N × N dot matrix pump technology, and its preparation is simple, can be utilized conventional large-scale integration technology to be processed, just
In industrialization
2. one pumping source of a need, a set of collimation, focusing coupled system can be achieved with the output of dot matrix laser, have structure letter
The advantage of single, compact and easy realization
3., in semiconductor pumped dot matrix laser instrument, shake due to defining parallel multi-path laser in a laser intracavity
Swing, all difference or they can be independently controlled such as the optical maser wavelength of therefore different branches, polarization and pulse width,
The range of application of end-face pump solid laser can effectively be expanded.
4. there are multiple oscillation area in dot matrix laser instrument, laser medium gain area utilization rate is high, be conducive to high efficiency to swash
Light output
5. semiconductor pumped dot matrix solid state laser has multiple pumping points, and the crystal heat distribution in pumping process is more equal
Even, it is to avoid the stronger thermal lensing effect that during single beam pumping, high power pump light is led to, therefore can effectively reduce laser
The demand to cooling system for the crystal
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the general frame of the light channel structure of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the general frame of the light channel structure of second embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described with embodiment, but should not limit the protection model of the present invention with this
Enclose.
First embodiment of the invention
First refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the general frame of the light channel structure of first embodiment of the invention.As seen from the figure, the present invention
Dot matrix output solid state laser, including pumping source 1, its composition is：It is same optical axis successively in the pump direction of pumping source 1 output
Coupling collimating lens 2, Darman raster 3, coupling focusing lens 4, gain medium 5 and outgoing mirror 6, described laser gain
Medium 5 is located at the rear focus of coupling focusing lens 4, and the front surface of described gain medium 5 plates laser highly reflecting films
With pump light anti-reflection film as front cavity mirror, the rear plated surface laser anti-reflection film of the gain media 5 of this laser, described outgoing mirror 6
Constitute laserresonator with gain medium 5 front surface.Described gain medium 5, outgoing mirror 6 are respectively provided with along described
The governor motion of optical axis direction movement.
In this invention, as beam splitter, selected Darman raster 3 can be one-dimensional or two-dimentional to Darman raster 3,
Number according to required light beam is selecting corresponding grating array.Select this beam splitter, not only the uniformity of light beam
Good, and structure is simple, easy to operate.
As a kind of phase grating, general phase place is 0 or π to Darman raster 3, the phase place turning point length in each cycle
Whether fix, but determined by special aperture function.The Darman raster 3 with this feature can make the monochrome of incidence
It is equally distributed hot spot dot matrix that light produces light intensity through coupling focusing lens 4 at focal argon laser gain media 5, through laser
The gain of gain media 5 is amplified, and vibrates back and forth, thus obtaining the output of dot matrix laser in resonator cavity.
First with coordinate target screen, pump light source 1 is collimated, pump light source 1 is simultaneously as collimated light source and device
Excitation source.Using the pump light source 1 collimating to the coupling collimating lens 2 in light path, Darman raster 3, coupling focusing lens 4 are entered
Row common optical axis is adjusted.Adjust level, the luffing angle of coupling collimating lens 2 and coupling focusing lens 4 so that only level in need
Secondary incide on gain medium 5.The gain medium 5 being contained on heat sink is placed on the focus of coupling focusing lens
Place, the hot spot now inciding on gain medium is minimum, and optical intensity density is maximum.Put after gain medium 5 and be in
Outgoing mirror on three-dimensional trim holder.
The design parameter of the embodiment of the present invention is presented herein below：
1st, the Nd-doped yttrium vanadate crystal that gain medium 5 therein is cut for a, neodymium ion doped concentration is 1at.%, specifically
A size of long l=3mm, wide w=5mm, high d=5mm, front end face plating 808nm is anti-reflection, 1064nm high-reflecting film（As front cavity mirror）, rear end
1064nm anti-reflection film is plated in face.Crystal is placed in the copper heat sink of water circulation refrigeration.
2nd, the laser diode that pumping source exports for optical fiber coupling tail fiber.Tail optical fiber core diameter is 200um, and numerical aperture is
0.22, launch wavelength is 808nm, for continuous pumping.
3rd, end coupling system includes coupling collimating lens 2, coupling focusing lens 4.The burnt long of lens is respectively 20mm,
35mm.Pumping source output terminal is placed at the object focus of coupling collimating lens 2, and crystal 5 front surface is in coupling focusing lens 4
Rear focus at.
4th, Darman raster 3 is 2 × 2 grating lattices.
5th, outgoing mirror 6 is plane mirror, is 10% in the absorbance of 1064 wavelength.
In the present embodiment, device is adjusted with acquisition dot matrix continuously export：
（1）Fixing in outgoing mirror and coupling focusing lens distance, both distances are 42mm, are increased by adjusting laser along optical axis
The position of beneficial crystal, when the distance of crystal front surface and coupling focusing lens is between 35mm-38mm, adjusts pumping work(simultaneously
Rate, in the range of 3W-5.5W, can obtain dot matrix and continuously export.
（2）Crystal front surface is fixed on the position apart from coupling focusing lens 36mm, by adjusting output along optical axis direction
The position of mirror, when between cavity length 6mm to 15mm, adjusts pump power in the range of 3W-5.5W, can obtain dot matrix
Continuous output.
It is the present embodiment output result below：
Obtain four essentially identical continuous light beams of power, when crystal front surface is 36mm apart from lens distance, resonator cavity
A length of 7mm, when pump power is 5.39W, can get the output of 599mw.
Second inventive embodiment
First refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the general frame of the light channel structure of second embodiment of the invention.The present embodiment is that use can
Saturated absorbing body 7 to obtain good beam quality as passive Q-adjusted element, the method for the high dot matrix pulse output of peak power.With
Solid state laser structure in first embodiment is roughly the same, and difference is to add between gain medium 5 and outgoing mirror 6
There is the saturable absorber 7 of the governor motion along described optical axis direction movement.Two sides before and after described saturable absorber 7
It is plated with the counnter attack film of laser.
Darman raster 3 makes the monochromatic light of incidence produce light intensity at focal argon laser gain media 5 through coupling focusing lens 4
For equally distributed hot spot dot matrix, it is exaggerated through the gain of gain medium 5 and incides on saturable absorber 7.Can satisfy
There is very high absorbance with absorber 7 to optical maser wavelength, it stops the generation of laser generation when starting most.Exist with gain
The increase of pumping pulse device, when energy density reaches a certain very high value, saturable absorber 7 by " bleaching ", and produce
Very high absorbance, changes the loss of intracavity light, and Q-switch is opened, and laserresonator is in the state of output laser, and obtains
The output of dot matrix pulse.
First with coordinate target screen, pump light source 1 is collimated, pump light source 1 is simultaneously as collimated light source and device
Excitation source.Using the pump light source 1 collimating to the coupling collimating lens 2 in light path, Darman raster 3, coupling focusing lens 4 are entered
Row common optical axis is adjusted.Adjust level, the luffing angle of coupling collimating lens 2 and coupling focusing lens 4 so that only level in need
Secondary incide 5 on gain medium.The gain medium 5 being contained on heat sink is placed on the focus of coupling focusing lens
Place, the hot spot now inciding on gain medium is minimum, and optical intensity density is maximum.Put successively after gain medium 5
It is in saturable absorption crystal and the outgoing mirror on three-dimensional trim holder.
The design parameter of the embodiment of the present invention is presented herein below：
1st, the Nd-doped yttrium vanadate crystal that gain medium 5 therein is cut for a, neodymium ion doped concentration is 1at.%, specifically
A size of long l=3mm, wide w=5mm, high d=5mm, front end face plating 808nm is anti-reflection, 1064nm high-reflecting film（As front cavity mirror）, rear end
1064nm anti-reflection film is plated in face.Crystal is placed in the copper heat sink of water circulation refrigeration.
2nd, the laser diode that pumping source exports for optical fiber coupling tail fiber.Tail optical fiber core diameter is 200um, and numerical aperture is
0.22, launch wavelength is 808nm, for continuous pumping.
3rd, end coupling system includes coupling collimating lens 2, coupling focusing lens 4.The burnt long of lens is respectively 20mm,
35mm.Pumping source output terminal is placed at the object focus of coupling collimating lens 2, and crystal 5 front surface is in coupling focusing lens 4
Rear focus at.
4th, Darman raster 3 is 2 × 2 grating lattices.
5th, saturable absorption crystal 7 is Cr4+：YAG, initial transmission is 95%.
6th, outgoing mirror 6 is plane mirror, is 10% in the absorbance of 1064 wavelength.
In the present embodiment, device is adjusted obtaining dot matrix pulse output：
（1）Fixing in outgoing mirror and coupling focusing lens distance, both distances are 48mm, saturable absorption crystal and output
The distance of mirror is fixed, and both distances are 8mm, by adjusting the position of laser gain crystal along optical axis, when crystal front surface and coupling
When the distance closing condenser lenses is between 35mm-38mm, adjusts pump power simultaneously in the range of 5W-7.5W, can obtain a little
Battle array pulse output.
（2）Crystal front surface is fixed on the position apart from coupling focusing lens 36mm, before saturable absorption crystal and crystal
The position on surface is fixed, and is 5mm, by along optical axis direction adjust outgoing mirror position, when cavity length 12mm to 14mm it
Between when, adjust pump power in the range of 5W-7.5W, can obtain dot matrix pulse output.
（3）Crystal front surface is fixed on the position apart from coupling focusing lens 36mm, and cavity length is 13mm, by edge
Optical axis adjusts saturable absorption crystal apart from the position of outgoing mirror, when both distances are between 9mm to 6mm, adjusts pumping work(
Rate, in the range of 5W-7.5W, can obtain dot matrix pulse output.
It is the present embodiment output result below：
Obtain four essentially identical pulsed light beams of power, when crystal front surface is 36mm apart from lens distance, resonator cavity
A length of 13mm, saturable absorption crystal is 8mm apart from outgoing mirror, when pump power is 7.4W, can get the output work of 366mw
Rate, repeating power is about 280MHZ, and pulse width is about four pulse lasers of 250ns.
In sum, the present invention has that design is simple, and controllability is strong, and only introducing Darman raster, to can be obtained by dot matrix defeated
Go out.Small volume, low cost, using very simple.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of dot matrix output solid state laser based on Darman raster, including pumping source (1), is characterised by that its composition is：?
Export the coupling collimating lens (2) that pump direction is same optical axis successively, Darman raster (3), coupling focusing lens (4), have
Heat sink gain medium (5) and outgoing mirror (6), described Darman raster has and gain medium dopant ion phase
The operation wavelength joined, when using Nd ion doped laser medium, described pumping source laser works wavelength is 808nm, when adopting
During with mixing ytterbium ion laser medium, described pumping source filters center operation wavelength is then 940nm, described pumping source defeated
Go out end and be located at described coupling collimating lens object focus, the semiconductor laser as pumping source goes out pump light, pass through
Approximately it is shaped as a branch of directional light, described gain medium is located at the image space of described coupling focusing lens after collimating lens
Focus, the described front surface plating high-reflecting film of laser of gain medium and the anti-reflection film of pump light, this gain medium
Rear plated surface laser anti-reflection film, described outgoing mirror and described gain medium front surface constitute laserresonator.
2. the dot matrix output solid state laser based on Darman raster according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described pump
Pu source is semiconductor laser or other laser instrument of optical fiber coupling output, operating central wavelength and gain medium adulterate from
Son matches.
3. the dot matrix output solid state laser based on Darman raster according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described reaches
Graceful grating has the operation wavelength matching with gain medium dopant ion, and its diffraction characteristic selects according to actual needs：
Using 1 × 2 dot matrix, 2 × 2 dot matrix, 3 × 3 dot matrix Darman rasters, ┄ ┅ or N × N dot matrix.
4. the dot matrix output solid state laser based on Darman raster according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described swashs
Optical gain medium is rear-earth-doped laser crystal, laser glass or laser ceramics.
5. dot matrix output all solid state laser according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described outgoing mirror is plane mirror
Or plano-concave mirror, and it is coated with the part of signal laser and passes through film.
6. the dot matrix output solid state laser based on Darman raster according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described standard
Straight lens are sphere or the non-spherical lenses of short focus, and described condenser lenses are more than or equal to the sphere of collimating lens for focal length
Mirror or aspherical mirror.
7. the dot matrix output solid state laser based on Darman raster according to any one of claim 1 to 6, is characterized in that
Also has saturable absorber between described gain medium and outgoing mirror.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104538824A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-04-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Device and method for utilizing microlens array for outputting multi-beam pulse laser |
| CN104734002A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-06-24 | 无锡亮源激光技术有限公司 | Matrix dot light spot laser system |
| CN105428989A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-23 | 山东神戎电子股份有限公司 | Method and device for improving passive Q-switched pulse time stability |
| CN106093911A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-09 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of dot matrix emitting-receiving system for Non-scanning mode laser imaging |
| CN107123924B (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2019-04-19 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | The laser of multiple beam output |
| CN109507688B (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2021-03-02 | 清华大学 | Laser emitting device, laser radar detection device and method |
| CN107876968A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-04-06 | 英诺激光科技股份有限公司 | A kind of laser process equipment for parallel processing |
| CN110112654B (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-11-20 | 长春中科长光时空光电技术有限公司 | Vertical cavity semiconductor optical amplifier and optical amplification system |
| CN111313221A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-19 | 长春理工大学 | Laser for directly generating double-path coherent light |
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| US5854802A (en) * | 1996-06-05 | 1998-12-29 | Jin; Tianfeng | Single longitudinal mode frequency converted laser |
| CN1276525A (en) * | 2000-07-07 | 2000-12-13 | 清华大学 | Parallel confocal detector based on Darman raster |
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