CN103928561A - 基于单根氧化锌纳米线的光电响应探测器及制备方法 - Google Patents

基于单根氧化锌纳米线的光电响应探测器及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN103928561A
CN103928561A CN201310712821.3A CN201310712821A CN103928561A CN 103928561 A CN103928561 A CN 103928561A CN 201310712821 A CN201310712821 A CN 201310712821A CN 103928561 A CN103928561 A CN 103928561A
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zinc oxide
oxide nanowire
substrate
metal electrode
photoelectric
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许剑
程抱昌
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Nanchang University
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Abstract

一种基于单根氧化锌纳米线的光电响应探测器及制备方法，包含单根氧化锌纳米线、基板、金属电极、导线、聚合物封装层；在平整的基板上放置单根氧化锌纳米线，在其两端焊接金属电极，并在金属电极上焊接导线，将其放置在可控温的加热平台上加热2小时，使其固化并冷却后，用封装材料将单根氧化锌纳米线封装在基板上，接着放入在90℃恒温箱保温中10~12小时。本发明响应波长从200nm到900nm，光电流响应行为在可见光和近红外范围内，所以本发明的宽光谱光电响应探测器可以广泛地应用到工业生产中去。

Description

基于单根氧化锌纳米线的光电响应探测器及制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于微纳米光电响应探测器技术领域。
技术背景
自从上世纪九十年代以来，氧化锌作为紫外光电探测器已经被人们广泛研究，由于纳米结构的氧化锌有独特的光电特性，尤其是单根纳米线，是制备光电器件的理想材料。氧化锌在室温下的禁带宽度为3.37eV，激子束缚能高达60meV，比宽禁带材料GaN（25meV）和ZnSe（20meV）都要高出很多，也是继氮化镓之后半导体光电领域又一研究热点，并成为第三代半导体的核心基础材料。此外，氧化锌还具有很高的热稳定性和化学稳定性，光电响应度高，响应范围宽，生产成本低，无毒，易刻蚀等众多优点，因而氧化锌应用在光电探测器领域前景非常广阔。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种基于单根氧化锌纳米线的光电响应探测器及制备方法，即具有高性能日盲紫外、可见光和近红外范围内的宽光谱光电响应探测器及制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的。
本发明所述的单根氧化锌纳米结构宽光谱光电探测器件，包含单根氧化锌纳米线（1）、基板（2）、金属电极（3）、导线（4）、聚合物封装层（5）；单根氧化锌纳米线（1）放置在基板（2）上，将其单根氧化锌纳米线（1）两端焊上金属电极（3），在金属电极（3）两端焊上导线（4），然后用聚合物封装层（5）将整个单根氧化锌纳米线（1）封装在基板上（2）。
所述的金属电极为金(Au)、银（Ag）或铝（Al）。
所述的基板为氧化铝、氮化铝等陶瓷基板。
所述的聚合物封装层为聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）或聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）。
本发明基于单根氧化锌纳米结构宽光谱光电探测器件的制备方法如下：在平整的基板上放置单根氧化锌纳米线，在单根氧化锌纳米线两端焊接金属电极，并在金属电极上焊接导线，将其放置在可控温的加热平台上加热2小时，使其固化并冷却后，用封装材料将单根氧化锌纳米线封装在氧化铝基板上，接着放入在90℃恒温箱保温中10~12小时。
本发明所述的宽光谱光电响应探测器是通过改变外加电压和光照强度来实现的，产生原因是由于纳米结构的氧化锌表面态的存在。
本发明是典型的宽光谱光电响应探测器，响应波长从200nm到900nm，目前大多报道是氧化锌紫外光电探测器，很少有报道氧化锌光电流响应行为在可见光和近红外范围内，所以本发明的宽光谱光电响应探测器可以广泛地应用到工业生产中，其前景是广阔的。也是开创性和史无前例的。
附图说明
图1 为基于单根氧化锌纳米线即“金属-半导体-金属（MSM）”宽光谱光电探测器的结构示意图。
 图2 为单根氧化锌纳米线在扫描电子显微镜下的图像。
 图3 是在直流偏置电压分别为1V和10V时，在相同的光照强度下，光响应与波谱的变化图。图中左侧数据是电压1V时的光电流大小，右侧数据是电压10V时的光电流大小；可以看出，电压在10V时的光电流远大于1V的光电流，说明氧化锌有很好的正光电导。
图4 为波长范围200nm到900nm光谱都有明显的光电导显示图，是在直流偏置电压为10V时具有不同波长的光在检测器中依次亮起。
图5 是在1V直流偏置电压下，激发光强度所决定的氧化锌纳米线光响应分别在（1）330nm，（2）370nm，（3）650nm，（4）745nm的波长下进行的光照射的测试结果图。从本图可以看出，随着激发强度的增加，光响应更加明显，另外，当光开启时，光响应是单调增加的。停止照射，光响应的衰减也很慢，表明存在持续的光电导，并且图示显示随着光照强度的减弱，衰减变得更加缓慢慢。
图6 在1V偏置电压下，（1）是在370nm的紫外光照射下，（2）是在650nm红外光照射下，（3）是在745nm的近红外光照射下的氧化锌纳米线的I-V特性曲线图。
具体实施方法
下面通过实施例，进一步描述本发明所提出的单根氧化锌纳米线的宽光谱光电响应探测器。
实施例1。
取已清洗洁净的氧化铝基板（规格15mm×15mm×2mm），在平整的氧化铝基板上放置单根氧化锌纳米线（长度300nm），在纳米线两端焊接金属电极，并在金属电极上焊接导线（直径0.06mm），焊接完成后，将其放置在可控温的加热平台上加热2小时，使其固化并冷却后，在其上方涂一厚度为50~80微米的PDMS封装层，再次放入90℃恒温箱保温10~12小时，最后让导线的两端分别接上前置电流放大器和函数信号发生器，置于立式显微镜下，打开光源，以测其光电响应效果。测试条件：函数发生器的频率为0.05HZ，直流偏置电压分别用1V和10V测量。测试结果如图3所示。
实施例2。
取已清洗洁净的氧化铝基板（规格15mm×15mm×2mm），在平整的氧化铝基板上放置单根氧化锌纳米线，在纳米线两端焊接金属电极，并在金属电极上焊接导线，焊接完成后，将其放置在可控温的加热平台上加热2小时，使其固化并冷却后，在其上方涂一厚度为50~80微米的PDMS封装层，再次放入90℃恒温箱保温10~12小时，最后让导线的两端分别接上前置电流放大器和函数信号发生器，置于光电检测器下，以测其光电响应效果。测试条件：函数发生器的频率为0.05HZ，直流偏置电压10V下，检测器可以显示从200nm到900nm的波长范围内的光响应。 测试结果如图4所示。
实施例3。
取已清洗洁净的氧化铝基板（规格15mm×15mm×2mm），在平整的氧化铝基板上放置单根氧化锌纳米线，在纳米线两端焊接金属电极，并在金属电极上焊接铜制导线，焊接完成后，将其放置在可控温的加热平台上加热2小时，使其固化并冷却后，在其上方涂一厚度为50~80微米的PMMA封装层，再次放入90℃恒温箱保温10~12小时，最后让导线的两端分别接上前置电流放大器和函数信号发生器，用荧光光谱仪发射不同波长的光来测试光电响应效果。测试条件：函数发生器的频率为0.05HZ，直流偏置电压1V下，荧光光谱仪分别用（1）330nm，（2）370nm，（3）650nm，（4）745nm 波长的光照射。测试结果如图5所示。
本发明不局限于上述实施例，很多宽光谱光电探测器的制备都能采用上述方法，而且很多细节的变化也是可行的，但这并不因此违背本发明的范围和精神。

Claims (2)

1.基于单根氧化锌纳米线的光电响应探测器，其特征是包含单根氧化锌纳米线（1）、基板（2）、金属电极（3）、导线（4）、聚合物封装层（5）；单根氧化锌纳米线（1）放置在基板（2）上，其两端焊上金属电极（3），在金属电极（3）两端焊上导线（4），然后用聚合物封装层（5）将整个单根氧化锌纳米线（1）封装在基板上（2）；
所述的金属电极为金、银或铝；
所述的基板为氧化铝或氮化铝陶瓷基板；
所述的聚合物封装层为聚二甲基硅氧烷或聚二甲基硅氧烷。
2.权利要求1所述的光电响应探测器的制备方法，其特征是在平整的基板上放置单根氧化锌纳米线，在其两端焊接金属电极，并在金属电极上焊接导线，将其放置在可控温的加热平台上加热2小时，使其固化并冷却后，用封装材料将单根氧化锌纳米线封装在基板上，接着放入在90℃恒温箱保温中10~12小时。
CN201310712821.3A 2013-12-23 2013-12-23 基于单根氧化锌纳米线的光电响应探测器及制备方法 Pending CN103928561A (zh)

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