CN103928533A - Application and energy collection and motion sensing method of graphene in motion liquid drop energy conversation - Google Patents
Application and energy collection and motion sensing method of graphene in motion liquid drop energy conversation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103928533A CN103928533A CN201410139749.4A CN201410139749A CN103928533A CN 103928533 A CN103928533 A CN 103928533A CN 201410139749 A CN201410139749 A CN 201410139749A CN 103928533 A CN103928533 A CN 103928533A
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- graphene
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- power conversion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
- H02N11/002—Generators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P13/00—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement
- G01P13/02—Indicating direction only, e.g. by weather vane
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/08—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring variation of an electric variable directly affected by the flow, e.g. by using dynamo-electric effect
Abstract
The invention provides an application and energy collection and motion sensing method of graphene in motion liquid drop energy conversation. When liquid drops on the surface of the graphene move, due to the charging and discharging effects of double electrode layers formed by ions inside the liquid drops on the surface of the graphene at the front end and the tail end of liquid drop motion, a voltage can be generated at the two ends of the graphene in the liquid drop motion direction. The linear relation is formed between the voltage and the speed of liquid drop motion, and polarities depend on the liquid drop motion direction. Energy collection and sensing of the liquid drop motion speed, direction and time are achieved through the voltage generated at the two ends of the graphene through the moving liquid drops.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to collection of energy and conversion field, specifically application and collection of energy and the motion sensing method of a kind of Graphene in motion drop power conversion.
Background technology
Energy conversion device and the flow-sensint unit that can collect flowing water electric energy have important effect in a lot of fields, such as harvest energy, exosyndrome material chemical property and real-time medical diagnosis.The working mechanism of these devices depends on streaming potential mostly, can produce the electrokinetic phenomenon of an electrical potential difference by narrow hole or gap time at solution two ends when electrolyte.But these application are confined to some specific situations.In the time that carbon nano-tube is placed in flowing liquid by calendar year 2001 theoretical prediction, its inner electric current that can produce starts, and this effect has all been shown in a lot of experiments.But the result of reporting and mechanism exist very large difference.
Graphene is the monoatomic layer structure being made up of regular hexagon carboatomic ring, also has high chemical stability, high mechanical strength and very excellent electronic transport performance in having the thin structure of nature.The carrier mobility of its monoatomic layer thickness and superelevation makes it responsive especially to external environment condition, even can identify monomolecular adsorption and desorption.But how to utilize this excellent performance of Graphene to realize energy conversion device and senser element and need research.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the deficiency of existing energy conversion device and senser element, disclose application and collection of energy and the motion sensing method of a kind of Graphene in motion drop power conversion, the voltage producing at Graphene two ends by motion drop is realized the sensing of collection of energy and liquid drop movement speed, direction and time.
The invention provides the application of a kind of Graphene in motion drop power conversion.
The present invention also provides the collection of energy method of a kind of Graphene in motion drop power conversion, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare dielectric base, clean, then dry;
2) in substrate, prepare one deck graphene film layer;
3) with hydrophobic material, Graphene outward flange is applied, restriction water droplet is only at Graphene apparent motion;
4) prepare electrode at Graphene two ends, and draw wire, two wires connect electric loading.
Wherein, described dielectric base is for to obtain metal or semiconductor with insulating oxide or insulation dielectric layer, or macromolecule flexible material, or nonconducting inorganic material.
Described hydrophobic material is paraffin, silica gel, grease or polytetrafluoroethylene.
The preparation method of described electrode is directly coated with conducting resinl or standard silk-screen printing technique or technique for vacuum coating.
The present invention also provides the motion sensing method of a kind of Graphene in motion drop power conversion, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) prepare dielectric base, clean, then dry;
2) in substrate, prepare one deck graphene film layer;
3) with hydrophobic material, Graphene outward flange is applied, restriction water droplet is only at Graphene apparent motion;
4) prepare electrode at Graphene two ends, and draw wire, two wires connect voltmeter;
5) drop of known movement velocity is placed in to Graphene surface, records corresponding voltage, make the calibration curve of movement velocity and voltage relationship;
6) drop of Unknown Motion speed is placed in to Graphene surface, record corresponding voltage, extrapolate the movement velocity of drop according to the calibration curve of speed and voltage relationship, according to the direction of motion of positive and negative definite drop of voltage, obtain the run duration of drop according to the duration of voltage.
Wherein, described dielectric base is for to obtain metal or semiconductor with insulating oxide or insulation dielectric layer, or macromolecule flexible material, or nonconducting inorganic material.
Described hydrophobic material is paraffin, silica gel, grease or polytetrafluoroethylene.
The preparation method of described electrode is directly coated with conducting resinl or standard silk-screen printing technique or technique for vacuum coating.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention discloses the application of a kind of Graphene in motion drop power conversion first.
2, the voltage that the present invention produces at Graphene two ends by motion drop is realized the sensing of collection of energy and liquid drop movement speed, direction and time.Preparation method is simple, is suitable for the large-scale production such as surface mount.
3, movement-less part of the present invention, reliable operation, directly perceived.
4, by motion drop driving voltage signal, graphene device part can passive work.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram that the present invention uses.
Fig. 2 is the voltage that drop that embodiment 1 measures causes at Graphene apparent motion;
Fig. 3 is the movement velocity-voltage relationship of multiple drops of measuring of embodiment 2;
Fig. 4 be embodiment 3 measure liquid drop movement time m-voltage signal;
Fig. 5 is liquid drop movement speed-voltage signal that embodiment 4 measures.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
The invention discloses application and collection of energy and the motion sensing method of a kind of Graphene in motion drop power conversion, the device of its use as shown in Figure 1, comprise dielectric base 1, in dielectric base 1, be prepared with one deck graphene film layer 2, graphene film layer 2 outward flange are coated with hydrophobic material, graphene film layer 2 two ends are prepared with electrode 3, and draw wire, and two wires connect voltmeter 4 or load.This device can horizontal positioned, tiltedly put or vertically place.
The principle of the invention is that, in the time of the liquid drop movement of Graphene surface, the effect that discharges and recharges at front end and the tail end of liquid drop movement at the surperficial electric double layer forming of Graphene due to ion in drop can produce a voltage in the two ends along liquid drop movement direction in Graphene.This voltage swing and liquid drop movement speed linear, polarity depends on the speed of liquid drop movement.
The collection of energy method of Graphene in motion drop power conversion, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare dielectric base, clean, then dry;
2) in substrate, prepare one deck graphene film layer;
3) with hydrophobic material, Graphene outward flange is applied, restriction water droplet is only at Graphene apparent motion;
4) prepare electrode at Graphene two ends, and draw wire, two wires connect electric loading, can make load running or the storage electric energy that produces.
The motion sensing method of Graphene in motion drop power conversion, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) prepare dielectric base, clean, then dry;
2) in substrate, prepare one deck graphene film layer;
3) with hydrophobic material, Graphene outward flange is applied, restriction water droplet is only at Graphene apparent motion;
4) prepare electrode at Graphene two ends, and draw wire, two wires connect voltmeter;
5) drop of known movement velocity is placed in to Graphene surface, records corresponding voltage, make the calibration curve of movement velocity and voltage relationship;
6) drop of Unknown Motion speed is placed in to Graphene surface, record corresponding voltage, extrapolate the movement velocity of drop according to the calibration curve of speed and voltage relationship, determine the direction of motion of drop according to the polarity of voltage, obtain the run duration of drop according to the duration of voltage.
The substrate of above-mentioned insulation can be with the metal of insulating oxide or insulation dielectric layer or semiconductor, as silicon or germanium; Or macromolecule flexible material, as plastics or rubber; Or nonconducting inorganic material, as glass, quartz, boron nitride, magnesium oxide or mica.
Above-mentioned metal electrode can be gold, silver, copper, chromium, titanium, aluminium or platinum, or other high conductive film, as indium tin oxide transparent conductive semiconductor film (ITO).
Above-mentioned graphene film layer preparation method, graphene layer can be to be directly grown in dielectric base (as silicon dioxide substrate) by large area deposition method, also can be to transfer to required substrate after obtaining by other large area deposition methods, the large area deposition method that may use be as chemical vapour deposition (CVD) (CVD), plasma reinforced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD), metal surface extension etc.The size of graphene layer can be several square millimeters to several square centimeters according to the difference of application demand.
The above-mentioned method of preparing electrode can be to be directly coated with conducting resinl, also can use standard silk-screen printing technique, or ion sputtering, electron beam evaporation, hot evaporation or magnetron sputtering equal vacuum coating process.
Above-mentioned hydrophobic material is paraffin, silica gel, grease, polytetrafluoroethylene etc.
Above-mentioned drop kind can be the liquid that salting liquid, acid solution, aqueous slkali etc. contain arbitrarily ion.Droplet size is not limit.
Below by specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.Method described in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is conventional method; Described reagent and material etc., if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
embodiment 1.
1, prepare at the bottom of polyvinyl, use successively acetone, ethanol, deionized water ultrasonic cleaning substrate each 10 minutes, then dry.
2, chemical vapor deposition Graphene: taking 25 micron thick Copper Foils as substrate; maintain 1000 DEG C of growth temperatures; pass into methane and hydrogen; gas flow is methane 25sccm; hydrogen 10sccm, grew after 15 minutes, closed methane; under the protection of 10sccm hydrogen gas stream, be cooled fast to room temperature, on copper, obtain the grapheme material that the number of plies is 1-2 layer.
3, at the bottom of Graphene is transferred to polyvinyl: the copper sheet surface that is coated with Graphene is coated with to PMMA solution, after solvent evaporates, copper sheet being placed in to 0.6M ammonium persulfate solution soaks, after 2 hours, copper dissolves completely, obtain floating on the Graphene-PMMA layer on solution, transferred at the bottom of polyvinyl on, in conjunction with repeatedly cleaning with deionized water after firmly, then with a large amount of acetone solution PMMA, obtain transferring to the suprabasil graphene layer structure of polyethylene (100mm × 5mm).
4, at the long limit of Graphene two ends coating conductive silver glue, and draw wire, baking and curing.Graphene outward flange is applied with paraffin.
5, graphene device is become 70 degree tiltedly put with horizontal plane, two electrode one end are arranged in high-end, and the other end is at low side.
6, Graphene two end electrodes is connect to voltmeter gauge outfit, 0.1M sodium chloride solution is dropped onto to Graphene surface from high 10 centimeters in device stage casing.The voltage signal recording is shown in Fig. 2, can see at Graphene two ends and can produce up to more than 20 millivolts voltage.
Embodiment 2
According to the method for embodiment 1, but be with the difference of embodiment 1
1, prepare quartz substrate, use successively acetone, ethanol, deionized water ultrasonic cleaning substrate each 10 minutes, then dry.
2, chemical vapor deposition Graphene: taking 25 micron thick Copper Foils as substrate; maintain 1000 DEG C of growth temperatures; pass into methane and hydrogen; gas flow is methane 40sccm; hydrogen 10sccm, grew after 15 minutes, closed methane; under the protection of 10sccm hydrogen gas stream, be cooled fast to room temperature, on copper, obtain the grapheme material that the number of plies is 1-3 layer.
3, at the bottom of Graphene is transferred to polyvinyl: the copper sheet surface that is coated with Graphene is coated with to PMMA solution, after solvent evaporates, copper sheet being placed in to 0.6M ammonium persulfate solution soaks, after 2 hours, copper dissolves completely, obtain floating on the Graphene-PMMA layer on solution, transferred at the bottom of polyvinyl on, in conjunction with repeatedly cleaning with deionized water after firmly, then with a large amount of acetone solution PMMA, obtain transferring to the suprabasil graphene layer structure of polyethylene (100mm × 5mm).
4, at the long limit of Graphene two ends coating conductive silver glue, and draw wire, baking and curing.Graphene outward flange is applied with silica gel.
5, device horizontal positioned;
6, Graphene two end electrodes is connect to voltmeter gauge outfit, 0.3M sodium chloride solution is dropped onto to Graphene surface from high 10 centimeters in device stage casing.Test respectively 1,2, the voltage at Graphene two ends when 3 solution motion.Control liquid drop movement speed and measure Graphene both end voltage simultaneously, the movement velocity-voltage relationship obtaining is shown in Fig. 3, can see that the movement velocity of voltage signal and drop and the number of drop are all directly proportional.
Embodiment 3
1, preparing is substrate with the silicon chip of 300nm silicon dioxide insulating layer, uses successively acetone, ethanol, deionized water ultrasonic cleaning substrate each 10 minutes, then dries.
2, chemical vapor deposition Graphene: taking 25 micron thick Copper Foils as substrate; maintain 1000 DEG C of growth temperatures; pass into methane and hydrogen; gas flow is methane 40sccm; hydrogen 10sccm, grew after 15 minutes, closed methane; under the protection of 10sccm hydrogen gas stream, be cooled fast to room temperature, on copper, obtain the grapheme material that the number of plies is 1-3 layer.
3, at the bottom of Graphene is transferred to polyvinyl: the copper sheet surface that is coated with Graphene is coated with to PMMA solution, after solvent evaporates, copper sheet being placed in to 0.6M ammonium persulfate solution soaks, after 2 hours, copper dissolves completely, obtain floating on the Graphene-PMMA layer on solution, transferred at the bottom of polyvinyl on, in conjunction with repeatedly cleaning with deionized water after firmly, then with a large amount of acetone solution PMMA, obtain transferring to the suprabasil graphene layer structure of polyethylene (4mm × 50mm).
4, adopt vacuum deposition method deposited gold electrode at two ends, the long limit of Graphene, and draw wire, baking and curing.Graphene outward flange is applied with paraffin.
5, device horizontal positioned;
6, Graphene two end electrodes is connect to voltmeter gauge outfit, 0.05M ammonia spirit is dropped onto to Graphene surface from high 10 centimeters in device stage casing.Drop is uniform motion under the speed of 3cm/s, control the liquid drop movement time and measure stream simultaneously and send a telegraph pressure, can see that voltage signal is square wave form, increase along with the beginning of motion suddenly, make zero along with stopping of motion suddenly, and polarity of voltage for just, for negative, is shown in Fig. 4 during to left movement in the time that drop moves right.
Embodiment 4
1, preparing alumina substrate is substrate, uses successively acetone, ethanol, deionized water ultrasonic cleaning substrate each 10 minutes, then dries.
2, chemical vapor deposition Graphene: taking 25 micron thick Copper Foils as substrate; maintain 1000 DEG C of growth temperatures; pass into methane and hydrogen; gas flow is methane 40sccm; hydrogen 10sccm, grew after 15 minutes, closed methane; under the protection of 10sccm hydrogen gas stream, be cooled fast to room temperature, on copper, obtain the grapheme material that the number of plies is 1-3 layer.
3, at the bottom of Graphene is transferred to polyvinyl: the copper sheet surface that is coated with Graphene is coated with to PMMA solution, after solvent evaporates, copper sheet being placed in to 0.6M ammonium persulfate solution soaks, after 2 hours, copper dissolves completely, obtain floating on the Graphene-PMMA layer on solution, transferred at the bottom of polyvinyl on, in conjunction with repeatedly cleaning with deionized water after firmly, then with a large amount of acetone solution PMMA, obtain transferring to the suprabasil graphene layer structure of polyethylene (4mm × 50mm).
4, adopt method for printing screen to prepare silver electrode at two ends, the long limit of Graphene, and draw wire, baking and curing.Graphene outward flange is applied with polytetrafluoroethylene.
5, device horizontal positioned;
6, Graphene two end electrodes is connect to voltmeter gauge outfit, 1M copper chloride solution is dropped onto to Graphene surface from high 10 centimeters in device stage casing.Drop is 1M copper chloride solution.Control the motion of drop main track and measure stream simultaneously and send a telegraph pressure, the movement velocity-voltage signal obtaining as shown in Figure 5, the variation of the movement velocity that voltage signal can fine reaction drop.
The concrete application approach of the present invention is a lot, and the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvement, these improve and also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the Graphene application in motion drop power conversion.
2. the collection of energy method of Graphene in motion drop power conversion, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) prepare dielectric base, clean, then dry;
2) in substrate, prepare one deck graphene film layer;
3) with hydrophobic material, Graphene outward flange is applied, restriction water droplet is only at Graphene apparent motion;
4) prepare electrode at Graphene two ends, and draw wire, two wires connect electric loading.
3. the collection of energy method of Graphene according to claim 2 in motion drop power conversion, it is characterized in that: described dielectric base is for to obtain metal or semiconductor with insulating oxide or insulation dielectric layer, or macromolecule flexible material, or nonconducting inorganic material.
4. the collection of energy method of Graphene according to claim 2 in motion drop power conversion, is characterized in that: described hydrophobic material is paraffin, silica gel, grease or polytetrafluoroethylene.
5. the collection of energy method of Graphene according to claim 2 in motion drop power conversion, is characterized in that: the preparation method of described electrode is for being directly coated with conducting resinl or standard silk-screen printing technique or technique for vacuum coating.
6. the motion sensing method of Graphene coating in motion drop power conversion, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) prepare dielectric base, clean, then dry;
2) in substrate, prepare one deck graphene film layer;
3) with hydrophobic material, Graphene outward flange is applied, restriction water droplet is only at Graphene apparent motion;
4) prepare electrode at Graphene two ends, and draw wire, two wires connect voltmeter;
5) drop of known movement velocity is placed in to Graphene surface, records corresponding voltage, make the calibration curve of movement velocity and voltage relationship;
6) drop of Unknown Motion speed is placed in to Graphene surface, record corresponding voltage, extrapolate the movement velocity of drop according to the calibration curve of speed and voltage relationship, determine the direction of motion of drop according to the polarity of voltage, obtain the run duration of drop according to the duration of voltage.
7. the motion sensing method of Graphene coating according to claim 6 in motion drop power conversion, it is characterized in that: described dielectric base is for to obtain metal or semiconductor with insulating oxide or insulation dielectric layer, or macromolecule flexible material, or nonconducting inorganic material.
8. the motion sensing method of Graphene according to claim 6 in motion drop power conversion, is characterized in that: described hydrophobic material is paraffin, silica gel, grease or polytetrafluoroethylene.
9. the motion sensing method of Graphene according to claim 6 in motion drop power conversion, is characterized in that: the preparation method of described electrode is for being directly coated with conducting resinl or standard silk-screen printing technique or technique for vacuum coating.
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CN107167206A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-15 | 深圳龙电电气股份有限公司 | A kind of water meter and its metering circuit |
CN108521237A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-11 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of Moving Bubble power generator and manufacturing method based on graphene |
CN114323319A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-12 | 电子科技大学 | Preparation method of conductive material layer, self-powered hydrological sensor prepared from conductive material layer and manufacturing method of self-powered hydrological sensor |
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