CN103922514A - Method for removing trace thallium contained in water - Google Patents
Method for removing trace thallium contained in water Download PDFInfo
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- CN103922514A CN103922514A CN201410186418.6A CN201410186418A CN103922514A CN 103922514 A CN103922514 A CN 103922514A CN 201410186418 A CN201410186418 A CN 201410186418A CN 103922514 A CN103922514 A CN 103922514A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for removing trace thallium contained in water, relating to a method for removing the trace thallium contained in the water and aiming at solving the problem that the traditional method for removing the trace thallium contained in the water is complex in treatment technology and high in operating cost, can not reach the 'drinking water sanitary standard' and difficultly recovers and separates engineering nanometer materials after usage by removing heavy metals contained in the water by adopting the engineering nanometer materials. The method comprises the following steps: adding ferrate to the water which contains the trace thallium for reaction, and stirring for adsorption; then adding a coagulant; and finally coagulating, depositing and filtering sequentially to remove the trace thallium contained in the water. The method disclosed by the invention achieves the thallium removal efficiency more than 90%, is simple in technical process and low in operating cost, realizes the effective removal of the thallium and used for removing the trace thallium contained in the water. According to the method, the drinking water reaches the 'drinking water sanitary standard', namely the thallium is less than 0.1 microgram/L.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the removal method of Determination of Trace Thallium in water.
Background technology
Thallium is a kind of yttrium of high dispersing, is widely used in the industries such as chemical industry, electronics, medicine, space flight, high energy physics and superconducting material, and thallium is again the very strong element of a kind of physiology toxicity simultaneously.Due to the utilization of continually developing containing thallium resource, thallium enters the approach expanding day of water surrounding.Therefore, thallium becomes one of more concerned hypertoxic heavy metal element of water treatment research field.Thallium mainly exists with positive monovalence form at occurring in nature, can enter human body by digestive tube, skin contact, the suction of floating cloud of dust mist, causes human body thallium poisoning.Thallium poisoning meeting causes numbness of lower limbs or pain, pain in the back, alopecia, blind, headache, lassitude, myalgia, brothers' vibration, it is unstable etc. to walk, and even causes chromosome aberration, disturbs the synthetic of DNA, and serious thallium poisoning can cause becoming vegetative patient.
Based on the huge toxicity of thallium, many countries have all formulated strict environmental standard to it in the world, in China < < Drinking Water hygienic practice > >, also strictly limited the maximum concentration of these harmful heavy metals in water, i.e. 0.1 μ g/L.In recent years, the pollution of China's Heavy Metals in Water Environment thallium is day by day serious, as Bei Jiang basin, Guangdong Province thallium pollutes, directly causes the healthy of people to be endangered, and serious threat, to public health security, produces larger social influence.Therefore, for the water source that polluted by heavy metal thallium, carry out emergency processing and seem particularly important, develop urgent technique efficient, cheap, easy to use extremely urgent.
At present, for the water source that polluted by thallium, still there is no ripe treatment technology, the restriction (0.1 μ g/L) that merely can not make thallium concentration reach to stipulate in < < drinking water sanitary standard > > by increasing the method for coagulating agent; In addition, utilize not only complex operation of neutralisation that lime regulates pH value, and energy consumption and cost higher.Nano material also becomes the brand-new material that in water, heavy metal is removed gradually, has very high specific surface area, can remove the heavy metal in water, and the cost of engineering nano material in water treatment is very high, and after there is use, difficulty reclaims and difficult separated problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve the removal method of Determination of Trace Thallium in existing water to exist treatment technology complex process, running cost high, cannot reach < < drinking water sanitary standard > >, and adopt the heavy metal in engineering nano material removal water to have rear difficult recovery and the difficult separated problem used, and the removal method of Determination of Trace Thallium in a kind of water is provided.
A removal method for Determination of Trace Thallium in water, specifically according to following steps, carry out:
One, to adding ferrate containing in the water of Determination of Trace Thallium, at rotating speed, be then under 260r/min～350r/min, reaction 1min～5min, obtains mixing solutions; The dosage of described ferrate is 1mg/L～25mg/L;
Two, at rotating speed, be under 150r/min～250r/min, the mixing solutions that step 1 obtains continues whip attachment 5min～10min, the mixing solutions after being adsorbed;
Three, to absorption after mixing solutions in dosing coagulant, then pass through successively coagulation, precipitation, filtration, can remove Determination of Trace Thallium in water; The dosage of described coagulating agent is 1mg/L～45mg/L.
The present invention utilizes ferrate strong oxidizing property oxidation monovalence thallium, generates the trivalent thallium of easily removing; Utilize the nano-iron oxide of ferrate reduction generation ferric iron hydrolysis generation as sorbent material simultaneously, this sorbent material has the advantages that specific surface area is large, be easy to precipitate and separate, the thallium of can active adsorption removing lower concentration in water, in the time of guaranteeing the Tuo water factory water outlet of lower concentration in drinking water source, reach the restriction of stipulating in national < < drinking water sanitary standard > >, i.e. 0.1 μ g/L.This technique has that removal efficiency is high, technique is simple, flexible and convenient operation, do not change the original treatment process of water factory and the advantage such as running cost is low, can be used for the emergency processing of water pollution incident.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention reaches more than 90% the removal efficiency of thallium, technical matters is simple, running cost is low; Realized effective removal of thallium, tap water reaches < < drinking water sanitary standard > >, and thallium is lower than 0.1 μ g/L.
The present invention is for a kind of removal method of water Determination of Trace Thallium.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the removal effect figure of Determination of Trace Thallium in the water of embodiment mono-.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises the arbitrary combination between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: the removal method of Determination of Trace Thallium in a kind of water described in present embodiment, specifically according to following steps, carry out:
One, to adding ferrate containing in the water of Determination of Trace Thallium, at rotating speed, be then under 260r/min～350r/min, reaction 1min～5min, obtains mixing solutions; The dosage of described ferrate is 1mg/L～25mg/L;
Two, at rotating speed, be under 150r/min～250r/min, the mixing solutions that step 1 obtains continues whip attachment 5min～10min, the mixing solutions after being adsorbed;
Three, to absorption after mixing solutions in dosing coagulant, then pass through successively coagulation, precipitation, filtration, can remove Determination of Trace Thallium in water; The dosage of described coagulating agent is 1mg/L～45mg/L.
The ferrate adding in present embodiment step 1 is potassium ferrate or Na2Fe04.Present embodiment in the selection of ferrate, with not to introduce in source water in other tap water, limit, harmful assorted element is as the criterion.
In present embodiment step 3, utilize coagulation, precipitation, the filtration of conventional water treatment process.
Present embodiment is utilized ferrate strong oxidizing property oxidation monovalence thallium, generates the trivalent thallium of easily removing; Utilize the nano-iron oxide of ferrate reduction generation ferric iron hydrolysis generation as sorbent material simultaneously, this sorbent material has the advantages that specific surface area is large, be easy to precipitate and separate, the thallium of can active adsorption removing lower concentration in water, in the time of guaranteeing the Tuo water factory water outlet of lower concentration in drinking water source, reach the restriction of stipulating in national < < drinking water sanitary standard > >, i.e. 0.1 μ g/L.This technique has that removal efficiency is high, technique is simple, flexible and convenient operation, do not change the original treatment process of water factory and the advantage such as running cost is low, can be used for the emergency processing of water pollution incident.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention reaches more than 90% the removal efficiency of thallium, technical matters is simple, running cost is low; Realized effective removal of thallium, tap water reaches < < drinking water sanitary standard > >, and thallium is lower than 0.1 μ g/L.
The present invention is for a kind of removal method of water Determination of Trace Thallium.
Embodiment two: present embodiment is different from embodiment one: the dosage of the ferrate described in step 1 is 1mg/L～20mg/L.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one or two: the dosage of the ferrate described in step 1 is 15mg/L.Other is identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one to three: the ferrate described in step 1 is potassium ferrate or Na2Fe04.Other is identical with embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one to four: described in step 1 containing thallium in the water of Determination of Trace Thallium be the monovalence thallium of dissociated ion state, the trivalent thallium of dissociated ion state, by the monovalence thallium of organism complexing, by the trivalent thallium of organism complexing, by the monovalence thallium of inorganics complexing or by a kind of in the trivalent thallium of inorganics complexing or several mixture wherein.Other is identical with embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one to five:, to adding ferrate containing in the water of Determination of Trace Thallium, be then under 300r/min at rotating speed in step 1, reaction 3min, obtains mixing solutions.Other is identical with embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one to six: be under 200r/min at rotating speed in step 2, the mixing solutions that step 1 obtains continues whip attachment 10min, the mixing solutions after being adsorbed.Other is identical with embodiment one to six.
Embodiment eight: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one to seven: the dosage of the coagulating agent described in step 3 is 5mg/L～40mg/L.Other is identical with embodiment one to seven.
Adopt following examples to verify beneficial effect of the present invention:
Embodiment mono-:
The removal method of Determination of Trace Thallium in a kind of water described in the present embodiment, specifically according to following steps, carry out:
One, to containing 1 μ g/L Tl
+water in add ferrate, at rotating speed, be then under 300r/min, reaction 3min, obtain mixing solutions; The dosage of described ferrate is 10mg/L; Described ferrate is potassium ferrate;
Two, at rotating speed, be under 200r/min, the mixing solutions that step 1 obtains continues whip attachment 10min, the mixing solutions after being adsorbed;
Three, to absorption after mixing solutions in dosing coagulant, then pass through successively coagulation, precipitation, filtration, can remove Determination of Trace Thallium in water; The dosage of described coagulating agent is 10mg/L; Described coagulating agent is Tai-Ace S 150.
The present embodiment is tested and is removed the content that remains thallium in rear water by plasma mass spectrograph, and by calculating the clearance of Determination of Trace Thallium in water outlet, in the water of the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, as seen from the figure, the present embodiment reaches more than 95% the removal efficiency of thallium the removal effect figure of Determination of Trace Thallium.
Embodiment bis-:
The removal method of Determination of Trace Thallium in a kind of water described in the present embodiment, specifically according to following steps, carry out:
One, to containing 1 μ g/L Tl
3+water in add ferrate, at rotating speed, be then under 300r/min, reaction 3min, obtain mixing solutions; The dosage of described ferrate is 10mg/L; Described ferrate is potassium ferrate;
Two, at rotating speed, be under 200r/min, the mixing solutions that step 1 obtains continues whip attachment 10min, the mixing solutions after being adsorbed;
Three, to absorption after mixing solutions in dosing coagulant, then pass through successively coagulation, precipitation, filtration, can remove Determination of Trace Thallium in water; The dosage of described coagulating agent is 10mg/L; Described coagulating agent is Tai-Ace S 150.
The present embodiment reaches more than 95% the removal efficiency of thallium.
Embodiment tri-:
The removal method of Determination of Trace Thallium in a kind of water described in the present embodiment, specifically according to following steps, carry out:
One, to containing 1 μ g/L Tl
+with in the water of 5mg/L humic acids (in total organic carbon), add ferrate, at rotating speed, be then under 300r/min, reaction 3min, obtains mixing solutions; The dosage of described ferrate is 10mg/L; Described ferrate is potassium ferrate;
Two, at rotating speed, be under 200r/min, the mixing solutions that step 1 obtains continues whip attachment 10min, the mixing solutions after being adsorbed;
Three, to absorption after mixing solutions in dosing coagulant, then pass through successively coagulation, precipitation, filtration, can remove Determination of Trace Thallium in water; The dosage of described coagulating agent is 10mg/L; Described coagulating agent is Tai-Ace S 150.
The present embodiment aims to provide usings the impact that humic acids removes monovalence thallium as the organism of representative, and the present embodiment reaches more than 95% the removal efficiency of thallium.
Embodiment tetra-:
The removal method of Determination of Trace Thallium in a kind of water described in the present embodiment, specifically according to following steps, carry out:
One, to containing 1 μ g/L Tl
3+with in the water of 5mg/L humic acids (in total organic carbon), add ferrate, at rotating speed, be then under 300r/min, reaction 3min, obtains mixing solutions; The dosage of described ferrate is 10mg/L; Described ferrate is potassium ferrate;
Two, at rotating speed, be under 200r/min, the mixing solutions that step 1 obtains continues whip attachment 10min, the mixing solutions after being adsorbed;
Three, to absorption after mixing solutions in dosing coagulant, then pass through successively coagulation, precipitation, filtration, can remove Determination of Trace Thallium in water; The dosage of described coagulating agent is 10mg/L; Described coagulating agent is Tai-Ace S 150.
The present embodiment aims to provide usings the impact that humic acids removes trivalent thallium as the organism of representative, and the present embodiment reaches more than 95% the removal efficiency of thallium.
Claims (8)
1. a removal method for Determination of Trace Thallium in water, is characterized in that the removal method of Determination of Trace Thallium in a kind of water is carried out according to following steps:
One, to adding ferrate containing in the water of Determination of Trace Thallium, at rotating speed, be then under 260r/min～350r/min, reaction 1min～5min, obtains mixing solutions; The dosage of described ferrate is 1mg/L～25mg/L;
Two, at rotating speed, be under 150r/min～250r/min, the mixing solutions that step 1 obtains continues whip attachment 5min～10min, the mixing solutions after being adsorbed;
Three, to absorption after mixing solutions in dosing coagulant, then pass through successively coagulation, precipitation, filtration, can remove Determination of Trace Thallium in water; The dosage of described coagulating agent is 1mg/L～45mg/L.
2. the removal method of Determination of Trace Thallium in a kind of water according to claim 1, the dosage that it is characterized in that the ferrate described in step 1 is 1mg/L～20mg/L.
3. the removal method of Determination of Trace Thallium in a kind of water according to claim 1, the dosage that it is characterized in that the ferrate described in step 1 is 15mg/L.
4. the removal method of Determination of Trace Thallium in a kind of water according to claim 1, is characterized in that the ferrate described in step 1 is potassium ferrate or Na2Fe04.
5. the removal method of Determination of Trace Thallium in a kind of water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described in step 1 containing thallium in the water of Determination of Trace Thallium be the monovalence thallium of dissociated ion state, the trivalent thallium of dissociated ion state, by the monovalence thallium of organism complexing, by the trivalent thallium of organism complexing, by the monovalence thallium of inorganics complexing or by a kind of in the trivalent thallium of inorganics complexing or several mixture wherein.
6. the removal method of Determination of Trace Thallium in a kind of water according to claim 1, is characterized in that to containing in the water of Determination of Trace Thallium, adding ferrate in step 1, at rotating speed, is then under 300r/min, and reaction 3min, obtains mixing solutions.
7. the removal method of Determination of Trace Thallium in a kind of water according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step 2 being under 200r/min at rotating speed, and the mixing solutions that step 1 obtains continues whip attachment 10min, the mixing solutions after being adsorbed.
8. the removal method of Determination of Trace Thallium in a kind of water according to claim 1, the dosage that it is characterized in that the coagulating agent described in step 3 is 5mg/L～40mg/L.
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| CN105884132A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-08-24 | 上海第二工业大学 | Deep treatment method for thallium-containing wastewater of electronic product manufacturing and metallurgical process |
| CN113461200A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-10-01 | 广东工业大学 | Method for removing trace heavy metals in water through oxidation adsorption |
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| CN113461200A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-10-01 | 广东工业大学 | Method for removing trace heavy metals in water through oxidation adsorption |
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Application publication date: 20140716 |