CN103920846A - Radial forging method for high temperature alloy step shaft - Google Patents
Radial forging method for high temperature alloy step shaft Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a radial forging method for a high temperature alloy step shaft. The method includes: upsetting and drawing out a steel ingot, and providing a blank to a forging machine; forging the blank in multiple passes, and pre-forging to form a first step shaft; forging the middle of the first step shaft in multiple passages so as to form a middle step shaft, and forming a transition section between the first step shaft and the middle step shaft, wherein pulling speed for forming the first step shaft is controlled to be 3-5.5m/min, deformation of each pass for forming the middle step shaft is controlled to be 10-25%, and pulling speed for forming the middle step shaft is controlled to be 3-5.5m/min. By control on forging frequency, reduction in pass and pull speed of the radial forging method and by control on final forging temperature, the property structure of a step shaft product is controlled, quality stability and structure property uniformity of the product are improved greatly while comprehensive yield and qualified rate of the product are increased greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of new manufacturing process of forging high-temperature alloy blank part, more particularly, relate to a kind of forging processing method of high temperature alloy Step Shaft.
Background technology
High temperature alloy refers to the high temperature metallic material of long-term work under high temperature and certain stress condition, there is excellent elevated temperature strength, good anti-oxidant and hot corrosion resistance, the good combination property such as fatigue behaviour, fracture toughness, has become the irreplaceable critical material of military-civil gas-turbine unit hot-end component.For example, GH901 alloy is taking Fe-43Ni-12Cr as base, form Intermetallic compound γ ˊ [Ni3 (Ti by adding Al, Ti, Al)] carry out precipitation strength, add Mo to carry out the ferronickel refractory Cr-base alloy of solution strengthening simultaneously, have below higher yield strength and creep rupture strength at 650 DEG C, 760 DEG C of following non-oxidizabilitys are good.Based on its good high temperature yield and creep rupture strength, GH901 alloy Step Shaft is widely used in manufacturing the parts such as the tumbler of aviation and ground gas turbogenerator, quiet structural member, turbine wheel shaft.
The existing production technology of GH901 alloy Step Shaft is that steel ingot jumping-up → pull out is to the fire time pulling of step square billet → end to chi → rough turn → solid solution, timeliness → inspection → machined, but, utilize that this explained hereafter GH901 alloy Step Shaft of quick forging machine mainly exists unstable product quality, surperficial breach is serious, structure property uniformity is poor, ultrasonic examination clutter exceeds standard, lumber recovery and the problem such as qualification rate is low.According to production statistical analysis, under this technique, the finished product rate of product only can reach 30～40%.
Summary of the invention
Exemplary embodiment of the present invention relates to a kind of new manufacturing process of forging high-temperature alloy turbine axis blank part, is applicable to the forging processing of high temperature alloy Step Shaft.
Forging method in exemplary embodiment of the present invention utilizes existing specification blank, and High-efficient Production goes out high-quality high temperature alloy Step Shaft, to meet the market demand of expanding day.
Key point of the present invention is by the forging frequency, the reduction in pass of control radial forging method, draws the speed of beating and/or control final forging temperature the Property & Structure of controlling Step Shaft product.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of method of producing high temperature alloy Step Shaft by the advanced material forming mode of radial deformation.By adopting this Radial Forging Technology of stablizing, have unique advantage, constant product quality, structure property uniformity, finished product rate and qualification rate improve greatly.
According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of the forging frequency, reduction in pass (pass deformation) by control radial forging method provided, drawn the speed of beating and have controlled final forging temperature the radial forging method of controlling the Property & Structure of Step Shaft product.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method, described high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method can comprise: jumping-up also pulls out steel ingot, for forging machine provides blank; Divide multiple passage forging blanks, form first step axle with blocking; And point multiple passages are forged the middle part of first step axle, to form intermediate step axle, between first step axle and intermediate step axle, form changeover portion, wherein, the speed of beating of drawing that forms first step axle is controlled at 3-5.5m/min, every time deflection that forms intermediate step axle is controlled at 10%-25%, draws the speed of beating to be controlled at 3-5.5m/min.
Every time deflection that forms intermediate step axle can be controlled at 10%-20%.
The described multiple passages that form first step axle can comprise 3-4 passage.
The described multiple passages that form intermediate step axle can comprise 4-5 passage.
End fire time deflection can >=30%, final forging temperature can be not less than the recrystallization temperature of high temperature alloy.
Multiple passages of described formation first step axle can comprise that it is 180 beats/min that the first passage is forged the frequency, and it is 90 beats/min that the second passage is forged the frequency, and it is 180 beats/min that residue passage is forged the frequency.
The forging frequency of multiple passages of described formation intermediate step axle can be 180 beats/min.
Described changeover portion can comprise that diameter is multiple changeover portions of the value between the diameter of first step axle and the diameter of intermediate step axle.
Described multiple changeover portion can comprise transition inclined-plane and/or transition shoulder axle.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of GH901 alloy Step Shaft that utilizes above-mentioned high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method to forge.
Described high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method can also be included in each Step Shaft and carry out surface-treated step after having forged.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. in pre-forging process, use the effectively During crushing of carbides of the forging frequency of 90 beats/min of frequencys, improved the combination property of high temperature alloy Step Shaft, on the other hand, high frequency time and low-frequency word are used alternatingly, and have effectively improved high temperature alloy internal soundness, effectively eliminate the generation of mixed crystal.
2. ensure that end fire is greater than 30% deflection, can ensure that product grains degree is narrower than 3 grades, and uniformity is better, thereby ensures that structure property is even.
3. final forging temperature is controlled at the recrystallization temperature that is not less than high temperature alloy, can make the Recovery and recrystallization process that completes that crystal grain is complete, can crystal grain thinning with this, enhance product performance.
Brief description of the drawings
By the description of carrying out below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing that an example is exemplarily shown, above and other object of the present invention and feature will become apparent, wherein:
Fig. 1 completes the pre-forging schematic diagram of the first step axle of formation afterwards in high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 A is the schematic diagram that forms according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention each passage in intermediate step axle process to Fig. 2 E.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure in detail now with reference to accompanying drawing.
But the disclosure can illustrate in many different forms, and should not be construed as limited to the specific embodiment of setting forth here.On the contrary, providing these embodiment to make the disclosure will be thoroughly with complete, and these embodiment will convey to those skilled in the art fully the scope of the present disclosure.
In the accompanying drawings, for the sake of clarity, can exaggerate the shape and size of element, identical label will be used to indicate same or analogous element all the time.
Describe high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention in detail in connection with accompanying drawing below.
Fig. 1 completes the pre-forging schematic diagram of the first step axle of formation afterwards in high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 A is the schematic diagram that forms according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention each passage in intermediate step axle process to Fig. 2 E.
According in the high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method of exemplary embodiment of the present invention, first according to the actual size of the size of steel ingot and forging machine by steel ingot jumping-up and pull out steel ingot, this step is in order to clean out blank surface crackle, for forging machine provides blank.
Then, point multiple passage forging blanks, form first step axle with blocking.In pre-forging process, employing is the forging machine tup that cross is vertical forges steel ingot, and adopts the height frequency alternately to forge.This forging process is because the high frequency time forging is very high, high frequency time can reach 180 frequencies beat/min, the low frequency is 90 frequencies beat/min, and by deformation parameter with draw and play the control of speed, thereby during the forging of multi-pass, do not need steel ingot to heat, reduced energy consumption, for example, the speed of beating of drawing that forms first step axle can be controlled at 3-5.5m/min.For example, can pass through the blocking first step axle of 3-4 passage.The height frequency that forms multiple passages of first step axle replaces forging and refers to that it is 180 beats/min that the first passage is forged the frequency, and it is 90 beats/min that the second passage is forged the frequency, and the residue passage forging frequency is 180 beats/min.Use the effectively During crushing of carbides of the forging frequency of 90 beats/min second passage, improved the combination property of high temperature alloy Step Shaft.In addition, high frequency time and the low frequency are used alternatingly, and have effectively improved high temperature alloy internal soundness, have effectively eliminated the generation of mixed crystal.
Next, point multiple passages are forged the middle part of first step axle, to form intermediate step axle, between first step axle and intermediate step axle, form changeover portion.For example, can utilize 4-5 passage and form intermediate step axle.The forging frequency that forms each passage of intermediate step axle is 180 beats/min.Particularly, every time deflection that forms intermediate step axle is controlled at 10%-25%, draws the speed of beating to be controlled at 3-5.5m/min.Preferably, every time deflection of formation intermediate step axle is controlled at 10%-20%.
Between first step axle and intermediate step axle, form changeover portion.Can utilize the inclined-plane of radial forging tup surface special angle to form the changeover portion of first step axle and intermediate step axle, wherein, changeover portion can be the multiple changeover portions of diameter between first step axle and intermediate step axle.Can utilize radial forging tup to form the transition shoulder axle of diameter between first step axle and the diameter of second step axle.In other words, multiple changeover portions of exemplary embodiment of the present invention can be transition inclined-plane and/or the transition shoulder axles being formed by the inclined-plane of radial forging tup surface special angle.
In the high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method of exemplary embodiment of the present, end fire time deflection >=30%, final forging temperature is not less than the recrystallization temperature of high temperature alloy.According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, ensure that end fire is greater than 30% deflection, can ensure that product grains degree is narrower than 3 grades, and uniformity is better, thereby ensures that structure property is even.According to an exemplary embodiment of the present, final forging temperature is controlled at the recrystallization temperature that is not less than high temperature alloy, can make the Recovery and recrystallization process that completes that crystal grain is complete, can crystal grain thinning with this, enhance product performance, for example, in the time that GH901 is carried out to finish-forging, final forging temperature is controlled at >=and 950 DEG C.
In addition, the high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method of exemplary embodiment of the present also comprises surface treatment method, for example, the workpiece that leaves certain surplus after having forged is carried out to surface treatment, and final fine finishining is finished parts.
Hereinafter, with reference to specific embodiment, the method that adopts high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method of the present invention to forge Step Shaft is described.
Embodiment 1
Describe in detail and utilize the steel ingot blank forging that high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method according to the present invention is Φ 550mm by diameter to become the concrete steps of finished size for the Step Shaft of Φ 295 × 435+ Φ 175 × 125+ Φ 125 × 1245mm with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 E.
In the present embodiment, steel ingot data are as follows: this high temperature alloy is GH901, and diameter is Φ 550mm, length L=1500mm, weight 2800kg.
First, by quick forging machine by steel ingot jumping-up to H0/2, then pulling is to anistree 360mm, cleans out blank surface crackle, for example, for radial forging (, 18MN radial forging) provides blank.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 utilizes radial forging tup F steel ingot blocking to be completed to the schematic diagram of the first step axle (also can be referred to as the blank that blocking completes) obtaining afterwards.In the present embodiment, clamp steel ingot to be forged at A, B end, then obtained through the pre-forging process of four passages the axle that diameter is D, the axle that this diameter is D can be first step axle, and in the present embodiment, the diameter D of first step axle is 315mm.Because the diameter of finished parts is 295mm, therefore, this workpiece that leaves certain surplus after having forged is carried out to surface treatment, taking fine finishining as finished parts, that is, be that 315mm first step axle fine finishining (for example, car, milling, plane etc.) is to finished size by diameter D.But, the invention is not restricted to this, can for example, after all Step Shafts (, following changeover portion and intermediate step axle) completion of processing, unification is carried out fine finishining to surplus part.
Specifically, will pull out anistree 360mm, the blank that cleans out blank surface crackle carries out the forging of multi-pass.Particularly, in the present embodiment, the 1st passage forged the 345mm to Φ, draws the speed of beating to control to 5m/min, forges 180 beats/min of the frequencys; The 2nd passage forged the 325mm to Φ, draws the speed of beating to control to 4.5m/min, forges 90 beats/min of the frequencys; The 3rd passage forged the 315mm to Φ, draws the speed of beating to control to 4.5m/min, forges 180 beats/min of the frequencys.So far, diameter D is the multi-pass forging completion of processing of Φ 315mm first step axle.But, the invention is not restricted to this, draw the speed of beating can be controlled at any speed in the speed of 3-5.5m/min, as long as can control deflection and distortion heat under high frequency time processing, thereby avoid the heating of many fire time.
Then, the be shaped changeover portion of Step Shaft of the inclined-plane of recycling radial forging tup surface special angle, in the present embodiment, changeover portion comprises the Step Shaft of Φ 175 × 125mm, because this Step Shaft is very short, in the schematic form shown in the drawings of changeover portion.
Finally, as shown in Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 E, utilize radial forging tup F to be divided into 5 passages and forge intermediate step axle, every time deflection is controlled at 10～25%, draws the speed of beating to be controlled at 3～5.5m/min, and the forging frequency of each passage is 180 frequencies beat/min.
Specifically, first passage as shown in Figure 2 A, radial forging tup F according to the position of the Step Shaft of required processing, that is, forges at first step axle middle part, to form intermediate step axle.First, the middle part of first step axle is worked into d1 Φ 270mm from Φ 315mm.Next, the second passage shown in Fig. 2 B, is worked into d2 Φ 230mm by the diameter at position to be processed from d1 Φ 270mm.In the 3rd passage shown in Fig. 2 C, continue to forge, diameter is worked into d3 Φ 190mm from d2 Φ 230mm.The 5th passage shown in four-pass shown in Fig. 2 D and Fig. 2 E, forges the 160mm to d4 Φ from d3 Φ 190mm respectively, forges the 138mm to d5 Φ from d4 Φ 160mm.Finally, can utilize 5 passages and form intermediate step axle.The forging frequency that forms each passage of intermediate step axle is 180 beats/min.At the d1 of intermediate step axle, in the forging passage of d5, every time deflection that forms intermediate step axle is controlled at 10%-25%, draws the speed of beating to be controlled at 3-5.5m/min.Preferably, every time deflection of formation intermediate step axle is controlled at 10%-20%.
In addition, because the diameter of the intermediate step axle of finished parts is Φ 125mm, therefore, this workpiece that leaves certain surplus after having forged is carried out to surface treatment, taking fine finishining as finished parts, be, that 138mm intermediate step axle fine finishining (for example, car, milling, plane etc.) is to finished size Φ 125mm by diameter d 5.
Embodiment 2
According to another embodiment of the present invention, become by describing the steel ingot blank forging that high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method is Φ 550mm by diameter the concrete steps that finished size is the Step Shaft of Φ 246 × 380+ Φ 146 × 100+ φ 105 × 1230mm.
Easy for what describe, will omit being repeated in this description identical content part.
In the present embodiment, steel ingot data are as follows: this high temperature alloy is GH4169.Diameter D=Φ 550mm, length L=1400mm, weight 2600kg.
First, by quick forging machine by steel ingot jumping-up to H
0/ 2, then pulling is to anistree 330mm, cleans out blank surface crackle, for example, for radial forging (, 18MN radial forging) provides blank.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 utilizes radial forging tup F steel ingot blocking to be completed to the schematic diagram of the first step axle obtaining afterwards.In the present embodiment, clamp steel ingot to be forged at A, B end, then obtained through the pre-forging process of four passages the axle that diameter is D, the axle that this diameter is D can be first step axle, and in the present embodiment, the diameter D of first step axle is 261mm.Because the diameter of the first step axle of finished parts is 246mm, therefore, this workpiece that leaves certain surplus after having forged is carried out to surface treatment, taking fine finishining as finished parts, be, that 261mm first step axle fine finishining (for example, car, milling, plane etc.) is to finished size Φ 246mm by diameter D.But, the invention is not restricted to this, can for example, after all Step Shafts (, following changeover portion and intermediate step axle) completion of processing, unification is carried out fine finishining to surplus part.
Particularly, at point multiple passage forging blanks, form with blocking in the process of first step axle: forge the 315mm to Φ the 1st passage, draw the speed of beating to control to 5m/min, forge 180 beats/min of the frequencys; The 2nd passage forged the 294mm to Φ, draws the speed of beating to control to 4.5m/min, forges 90 beats/min of the frequencys; The 3rd passage forged the 275mm to Φ, draws the speed of beating to control to 4.5m/min, forges 180 beats/min of the frequencys; The 4th passage forged the 261mm to Φ, draws the speed of beating to control to 4.5m/min, forges 180 beats/min of the frequencys.But, the invention is not restricted to this, in to the pre-forging process of first step axle, the speed of beating of drawing of each passage is controlled in any speed in the speed of 3-5.5m/min, for control deflection and distortion heat under high frequency time processing, thereby avoid the inferior heating of many fire.
Then, as shown in Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 D, utilize radial forging tup F to be divided into 4 passages and forge intermediate step axle, every time deflection is controlled at 10～25%, draws the speed of beating to be controlled at 3～5.5m/min, and the forging frequency of each passage is 180 frequencies beat/min.
Particularly, utilize the be shaped changeover portion of Step Shaft of the inclined-plane of radial forging tup surface special angle, in the present embodiment, changeover portion comprises the Step Shaft of Φ 146 × 100, because this Step Shaft is very short, in the schematic form shown in the drawings of changeover portion.
But the exemplary embodiment of the present invention's design is not limited to GH901 or GH4169, high temperature alloy can be also GH696.
According to exemplary enforcement of the present invention, the new manufacturing process of forging high-temperature alloy turbine axis blank part provided by the invention, is applicable to the forging processing of the Step Shaft of the high temperature alloys such as GH901 alloy.The key point of invention is by the forging frequency, the reduction in pass of control radial forging method, draws the speed of beating and control final forging temperature the Property & Structure of controlling Step Shaft product.By adopting this Radial Forging Technology of stablizing, have unique advantage, constant product quality, structure property uniformity, finished product rate and qualification rate improve greatly.
Although illustrated and described exemplary embodiment above, will be apparent that for those skilled in the art, in the case of not departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure that limit as claim, can modify and modification.
Claims (10)
1. a high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method, comprising:
Jumping-up also pulls out steel ingot, for forging machine provides blank;
Divide multiple passage forging blanks, form first step axle with blocking; And
Divide multiple passages to forge the middle part of first step axle, to form intermediate step axle, between first step axle and intermediate step axle, form changeover portion,
Wherein, the speed of beating of drawing that forms first step axle is controlled at 3-5.5m/min, and every time deflection that forms intermediate step axle is controlled at 10%-25%, draws the speed of beating to be controlled at 3-5.5m/min.
2. high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, every time deflection that forms intermediate step axle is controlled at 10%-20%.
3. high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the described multiple passages that form first step axle comprise 3-4 passage.
4. high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the described multiple passages that form intermediate step axle comprise 4-5 passage.
5. high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, end fire time deflection >=30%, final forging temperature is not less than the recrystallization temperature of high temperature alloy.
6. high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method as claimed in claim 3, wherein, the described multiple passages that form first step axle comprise that it is 180 beats/min that the first passage is forged the frequency, and it is 90 beats/min that the second passage is forged the frequency, and it is 180 beats/min that residue passage is forged the frequency.
7. high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method as claimed in claim 4, wherein, the forging frequency that forms described multiple passages of intermediate step axle is 180 beats/min.
8. high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described changeover portion comprises that diameter is multiple changeover portions of the value between the diameter of first step axle and the diameter of intermediate step axle.
9. high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method as claimed in claim 8, wherein, described multiple changeover portions comprise transition inclined-plane and/or transition shoulder axle.
10. the GH901 alloy Step Shaft that the utilization high temperature alloy Step Shaft radial forging method as described in any one claim in claim 1 to 9 is forged.
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| CN104368745A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-02-25 | 通裕重工股份有限公司 | Forming technology applicable to intermediate shaft type forge piece |
| CN104525828A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-22 | 抚顺特殊钢股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of high-temperature alloy Nimonic80A order shaft forging forged by radial forging machine |
| CN104525828B (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-08-24 | 抚顺特殊钢股份有限公司 | Diameter forging machine forging high temperature alloy Nimonic80A rank forging shaft manufacture method |
| CN104550838A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 西安交通大学 | Process for manufacturing semi-solid steel cam shaft through radial forging strain induction method |
| CN106311942A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-01-11 | 宝钢特钢有限公司 | Forging method for producing N80A alloy by utilizing radial forging machine |
| CN106363117A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-02-01 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Forging method for large-specification GH1016 round alloy rods |
| CN106424496A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-02-22 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Forging method for conducting radial forging on preliminarily rolled square billet |
| CN106363117B (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2019-03-15 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | The forging method of big specification GH1016 alloy pole |
| CN107497988A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2017-12-22 | 宝鸡市铭坤有色金属有限公司 | A kind of processing method of high temperature alloy Step Shaft |
| CN109622865A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-16 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | A kind of forging method of aero-engine GH4169 system high-temperature alloy turbine disc |
| CN110695282A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-17 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of GH3128 alloy bar |
| CN110756613B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-07-13 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of small-ingot-shaped GH3128 alloy bar |
| CN110756613A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-07 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of small-ingot-shaped GH3128 alloy bar |
| CN111496155A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-07 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Forging method for enhancing compaction effect of 42CrMo continuous casting billet |
| CN111496155B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2022-01-07 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Forging method for enhancing compaction effect of 42CrMo continuous casting billet |
| CN111644552A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-11 | 建龙北满特殊钢有限责任公司 | Forging method of multistage step roller with cone frustum |
| CN111644552B (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-09-14 | 建龙北满特殊钢有限责任公司 | Forging method of multistage step roller with cone frustum |
| CN111745102A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-10-09 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Forging method for forging nonmagnetic product by precision forging machine for improving compaction effect |
| CN111872644A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-03 | 蓬莱市奥源机械有限公司 | Machining process of half-shaft sleeve |
| CN112453302A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-09 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钛材有限公司江油分公司 | Method for forging titanium alloy TC11 step shaft by using radial forging press |
| CN113020514A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-06-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Deep blind hole shell pulse current auxiliary local upsetting continuous forming method and device |
| CN113172189A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-27 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Forging method for refining grain size of long-rod steel forging |
| CN115415745A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2022-12-02 | 江苏双环齿轮有限公司 | Production process of multi-step precision die forging of shafting containing holes |
| CN115415745B (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2024-01-26 | 江苏双环齿轮有限公司 | Production process of multi-step precision die forging with hole shafting |
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