CN103915871A - Photovoltaic power management unit taking measurement and control nodes of agricultural Internet of things as orientation - Google Patents
Photovoltaic power management unit taking measurement and control nodes of agricultural Internet of things as orientation Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 111
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- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- ZVKAMDSUUSMZES-NZQWGLPYSA-N OS II Natural products CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CO)O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O[C@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@@H]1O[C@@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]3O ZVKAMDSUUSMZES-NZQWGLPYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 102100036285 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha hydroxylase, mitochondrial Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 101000875403 Homo sapiens 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha hydroxylase, mitochondrial Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 101100489713 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) GND1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 101100489717 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) GND2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic power management unit taking measurement and control nodes of agricultural Internet of things as orientation. The photovoltaic power management unit comprises an MC9S12XS128 minimum system, a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a temperature data acquisition circuit and a photovoltaic charging circuit, wherein the voltage acquisition circuit, the current acquisition circuit, the temperature data acquisition circuit and the photovoltaic charging circuit are respectively connected into the MC9S12XS128 minimum system. By means of the photovoltaic power management unit, charging and discharging of a photovoltaic power source can be effectively managed, the service life of the photovoltaic power source can be effectively prolonged, and a guarantee is provided for prolonging the operational use time of the nodes of the Internet of things.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic cell administrative unit field, be specially a kind of photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node.
Background technology
Agricultural Internet of Things is the new trend of world today's agricultural development, be supported by information technology according to spatial variability, location, regularly, the system of a whole set of modernization farming operating technology of quantitatively implementing and management.Its basic connotation is the proterties according to plant growth, regulate the input to crop, determine the productive target of crops, " system diagnostics, optimization of C/C composites, Technical form, the scientific management " positioning, reach equal income or higher income with input minimum or that save most, and improve environment, utilize efficiently all kinds of agricultural resources, can be described as technology of Internet of things and be a kind of novel agricultural with the comprehensive combination of agricultural production, it brings agricultural into numeral and information age, is the important development direction of 21st century agricultural.
Sensor network is the core of Internet of Things, and sensor network is made up of the sensor node that is dispersed in various places, farmland, and the supply power mode of each node is divided into two kinds of wired power supply and self-powereds.Wired supply power mode not only needs to set up supply lines, has increased supply network cost, and crisscross supply lines also can affect agricultural production.And the main solar energy that relies on of energy confession is for node provides the energy, not only reduce power supply cost, do not affect agricultural production yet.But in power supply process, need to consider the situation of battery, that is, can not make battery overshoot, can not make battery cross and put, to affect power supply performance and the battery life of battery.This just need to build photo-voltaic power supply management system.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, to realize the management of photo-voltaic power supply in agriculture Internet of Things.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterized in that: comprise MC9S12XS128 minimum system, and access respectively voltage collection circuit, current collection circuit, temperature collection circuit, the photovoltaic charged circuit of MC9S12XS128 minimum system;
The single-chip microcomputer U1 that described MC9S12XS128 minimum system is MC9S12XS128 by model forms, between the VRH pin of single-chip microcomputer U1 and VRL pin, be connected to capacitor C 7, on single-chip microcomputer U1, have access to reset circuit, AD conversion reference circuit, clock circuit, jack interface circuit, filter circuit, electric quantity display circuit;
Described voltage collection circuit comprises that model is the voltage acquisition chip U4 of LTC6803-4, a parallel connected end of the parallel branch one that between the V+ pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 and C12 pin, access is made up of resistance R 10 and resistance R 13, parallel branch one another parallel connected end accesses photo-voltaic power supply one road voltage signal by inductance L 1, parallel branch one another parallel connected end is also connected with by diode D2, D3, a parallel connected end of the parallel branch two that D4 forms, another parallel connected end of parallel branch two is connected with the C12 pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 by capacitor C 12, between another parallel connected end of parallel branch two and capacitor C 12, also access another road voltage signal of photo-voltaic power supply, the A0-A3 pin of voltage acquisition chip U4, GPIO1-GPIO2 pin, VOS pin, NC pin, V-pin connects rear ground connection altogether, the VTEMP2 pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is by the resistance R 18 being connected in series successively, capacitor C 14 ground connection, the VREF pin access resistance R 18 of voltage acquisition chip U4, between capacitor C 14, the WDTB pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is by the resistance R 17 being connected in series successively, capacitor C 13 ground connection, the VREG pin access resistance R 17 of voltage acquisition chip U4, between capacitor C 13, the SDO pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 accesses resistance R 17 by resistance R 16, between capacitor C 13, the VOA pin of the isolating chip U3 that the CSBI pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is ADuM1401 by resistance R 11 with a model is connected, the SDO pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is connected with the VID pin of isolating chip U3 by resistance R 12, the SDI pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is connected with the VOB pin of isolating chip U3 by resistance R 14, the SCKI pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is connected with the VOC pin of isolating chip U3 by resistance R 15, the VE2 pin access resistance R 17 of isolating chip U3, between capacitor C 13, the GND2 pin ground connection of isolating chip U3, the VDD1 pin access voltage VCC_5 of isolating chip U3, the GND1 pin ground connection of isolating chip U3, the VIA of isolating chip U3, VIB, VIC accesses respectively single-chip microcomputer U1, the negative electrode of a diode D1 of VOD pin access of isolating chip U3, the anode access single-chip microcomputer U1 of diode D1, the VE1 pin access voltage VCC_5 of isolating chip U3,
Described current collection circuit comprises that model is the operational amplifier U7A of LM158, the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U7A is successively by the resistance R 60 of serial connection, capacitor C 34, resistance R 57 is connected with the inverting input of operational amplifier U7A, between resistance R 60 and capacitor C 34, access photo-voltaic power supply current signal by wire, between resistance R 57 and capacitor C 34, access external charging control signal by wire, between capacitor C 34 and resistance R 57, pass through capacitor C 32 ground connection, between capacitor C 34 and resistance R 60 by the capacitor C 36 being connected in series successively, resistance R 59 is connected with the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U7A, capacitor C 36, between resistance R 59, there is wire to draw ground connection, between the inverting input of operational amplifier U7A and output, be connected with capacitor C parallel with one another 31, resistance R 56, the output of operational amplifier U7A accesses single-chip microcomputer U1 by resistance R 58, the output of operational amplifier U7A is also by the resistance R 58 of connecting successively, capacitor C 35 ground connection, resistance R 58, between capacitor C 35, there is wire to draw and be connected to single-chip microcomputer U1,
Described temperature collection circuit comprises multiple warming NTC2-NTC9, multiple warming NTC2-NTC9 one by one correspondence are serially connected with after resistance R 40-R47, formation temperature collection circuit parallel with one another again, parallel connected end access voltage VCC_5 of temperature collection circuit, another parallel connected end ground connection of temperature collection circuit, between the resistance of each warming and corresponding serial connection separately, there is respectively wire to draw, between the resistance of each warming and corresponding serial connection separately, draw wire and access respectively single-chip microcomputer U1;
Described photovoltaic charged circuit comprises that model is the voltage-stabiliser tube U6 of LM2576HV-ADJ, model is the metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 of AO4409, first pin of voltage-stabiliser tube U6 accesses photo-voltaic power supply positive pole by wire, the 3rd pin of voltage-stabiliser tube U6 accesses photo-voltaic power supply negative pole by resistance R 54, between first pin of voltage-stabiliser tube U6 and the 3rd pin, access capacitor C 30, the 3rd pin of voltage-stabiliser tube U6, the 5th pin also distinguished ground connection, the negative electrode of a diode D15 of second pin access of voltage-stabiliser tube U6, the plus earth of diode D15, second pin of voltage-stabiliser tube U6 also accesses one end of an inductance L 4, the other end of inductance L 4 is connected to two line conductors, on the other end of inductance L 4, a line conductor is by capacitor C 29 ground connection, on the other end of inductance L 4, another line conductor is by the resistance R 48 being connected in series successively, resistance R 51 ground connection, the 4th the pin access resistance R 48 of voltage-stabiliser tube U6, between resistance R 51, between the other end of inductance L 4 and resistance R 48, access the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 by wire, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 is also by the resistance R 49 being connected in series successively, resistance R 50 is connected with the collector electrode of a triode Q2, the grid access resistance R 49 of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8, between resistance R 50, the drain electrode access single-chip microcomputer of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8, the grounded emitter of triode Q2, the base stage of triode Q2 accesses single-chip microcomputer by resistance R 52, the base stage of triode Q2 is also by capacitor C parallel with one another 42, resistance R 53 ground connection.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of described facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterized in that: described reset circuit comprises button S1, the anodic bonding of one end of button S1 and a diode Df1, the other end ground connection of button S1, the negative electrode of diode Df1 is successively by resistance R 1, capacitor C 8 ground connection of serial connection, between the negative electrode of resistance R 1 and diode Df1, access voltage VCC_5, the anode of diode Df1 is by after being connected between wire and resistance R 1, capacitor C 8, then accesses single-chip microcomputer U1 by wire.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of described facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterized in that: described AD changes the voltage pedestal chip U2 that reference circuit comprises that model is LM4040AIM3-5.0, voltage pedestal chip U2 earth terminal ground connection, the anode tap ground connection of voltage pedestal chip U2, voltage pedestal chip U2 cathode terminal access single-chip microcomputer U1, between the anode tap of voltage pedestal chip U2 and cathode terminal, be connected to capacitor C 9, the cathode terminal of voltage pedestal chip U2 also accesses voltage VCC_5 by resistance R 2.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of described facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterized in that: described clock circuit comprises crystal oscillator Y1, the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1 are corresponding to capacitor C 10, capacitor C 11 ground connection one by one, between the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1, be connected to resistance R 3, single-chip microcomputer U1 is also accessed respectively at the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of described facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterized in that: described jack interface circuit comprises the plug connector Header of double 6PIN, first pin of plug connector Header, the 4th pin access respectively single-chip microcomputer U1, second the pin ground connection of plug connector Header, the 6th the pin access voltage VCC_5 of plug connector Header.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of described facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterized in that: described filter circuit comprises the parallel circuits that capacitor C 1, C5, C6 form, and capacitor C 2, C3, C4, parallel connected end ground connection of parallel circuits, another parallel connected end access voltage of parallel circuits VCC_5, in parallel circuits, on capacitor C 1, C5, C6, there is respectively wire to draw and be connected to single-chip microcomputer U1, capacitor C 2, C3, C4 one end connect rear ground connection altogether, and capacitor C 2, C3, the C4 other end access respectively single-chip microcomputer U1 separately.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of described facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterized in that: described electric quantity display circuit comprises LED 1-LED5, the anode of LED 1 is connected with one end of resistance R 4, the anode of LED 2 is connected with one end of resistance R 5, the anode of LED 3 is connected with one end of resistance R 6, the anode of LED 4 is connected with one end of resistance R 7, the anode of LED 5 is connected with one end of resistance R 8, the resistance R 4-R8 other end meets rear access voltage VCC_5 altogether, the negative electrode of LED 1-LED5 accesses respectively single-chip microcomputer U1.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of described facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterized in that: also comprise the power circuit that supplies power to each circuit, described power circuit comprises that model is the voltage stabilizing chip U5 of LM2576HVT-5, the IN pin access photo-voltaic power supply of voltage stabilizing chip U5, the IN pin of voltage stabilizing chip U5 also passes through capacitor C i ground connection, voltage stabilizing chip U5's
/ OFF pin, GND pin connect rear ground connection altogether, the negative electrode of a Schottky diode DO1 of OUT pin access of voltage stabilizing chip U5, the plus earth of Schottky diode DO1, the negative electrode of Schottky diode DO1 also accesses one end of an inductance L 3, the other end of inductance L 3 is by capacitor C o1 ground connection, between the other end of inductance L 3 and capacitor C o1, by wire output voltage V CC_5, the FB pin of voltage stabilizing chip U5 accesses between the other end and capacitor C o1 of inductance L 3.
A kind of photo-voltaic power supply management method based on photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit, it is characterized in that: adopt and carry out application development on μ C/OS-II operating system basis, in the time using μ C/OS-II operating system, by demand, each functional module of application journey is resolved into voltage acquisition, current acquisition, temperature acquisition, data analysis task, each task has the cycle of operation separately and has unique priority, wherein voltage acquisition task communicates towards voltage acquisition chip, obtain the voltage data of each cell, current acquisition task is carried out ADC sampling, and calculate charging and discharging currents value, temperature acquisition task is carried out ADC sampling to warming, and calculate each warming temperature value, data analysis task judges whether battery overcharges, cross and put, overcurrent, excess temperature, low temperature etc., and carry out corresponding policy control, protection cell safety,
After program operation, in voltage acquisition task, single-chip microcomputer and voltage acquisition chip communicate by spi bus, by the cell voltage data storing receiving in intermediate variable, the cycle of voltage acquisition task is 100ms, in current acquisition task, carry out ADC conversion, obtain the voltage after conversion, then calculate charging and discharging currents value, the cycle of current acquisition task is 100ms.In temperature acquisition task, 9 road NTC warmings are sampled in turn, then contrast resistance--thermometer, obtain the temperature of every batteries, temperature acquisition duty cycle is 200ms, in data analysis task, the voltage data being stored in intermediate variable is analyzed, and in conjunction with the electric current and the temperature data that collect, take corresponding control strategy, the cycle of data analysis task is 100ms.
The present invention can effectively manage discharging and recharging of photo-voltaic power supply, prevents that photo-voltaic power supply from overcharging or crosses the generation of putting phenomenon; There is electric quantity indication function simultaneously, prompting charging and discharging state and residual capacitance number, can effectively extend life-span of photo-voltaic power supply by the present invention, for the effective time of continuation networked node provides guarantee.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structured flowchart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is MC9S12XS128 minimum system circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is voltage collection circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is current collection circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is temperature collection circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the photovoltaic charged circuit figure of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is reset circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is AD conversion reference circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is clock circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Figure 10 is jack interface circuit figure of the present invention.
Figure 11 is filter circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Figure 12 is electric quantity display circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Figure 13 is power circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Figure 14 is the inventive method flow chart.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1.The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, comprises MC9S12XS128 minimum system, and accesses respectively voltage collection circuit, current collection circuit, temperature collection circuit, the photovoltaic charged circuit of MC9S12XS128 minimum system;
As shown in Figure 2.The single-chip microcomputer U1 that MC9S12XS128 minimum system is MC9S12XS128 by model forms, between the VRH pin of single-chip microcomputer U1 and VRL pin, be connected to capacitor C 7, on single-chip microcomputer U1, have access to reset circuit, AD conversion reference circuit, clock circuit, jack interface circuit, filter circuit, electric quantity display circuit;
As shown in Figure 3.Voltage collection circuit comprises that model is the voltage acquisition chip U4 of LTC6803-4, a parallel connected end of the parallel branch one that between the V+ pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 and C12 pin, access is made up of resistance R 10 and resistance R 13, parallel branch one another parallel connected end accesses photo-voltaic power supply one road voltage signal by inductance L 1, parallel branch one another parallel connected end is also connected with by diode D2, D3, a parallel connected end of the parallel branch two that D4 forms, another parallel connected end of parallel branch two is connected with the C12 pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 by capacitor C 12, between another parallel connected end of parallel branch two and capacitor C 12, also access another road voltage signal of photo-voltaic power supply, the A0-A3 pin of voltage acquisition chip U4, GPIO1-GPIO2 pin, VOS pin, NC pin, V-pin connects rear ground connection altogether, the VTEMP2 pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is by the resistance R 18 being connected in series successively, capacitor C 14 ground connection, the VREF pin access resistance R 18 of voltage acquisition chip U4, between capacitor C 14, the WDTB pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is by the resistance R 17 being connected in series successively, capacitor C 13 ground connection, the VREG pin access resistance R 17 of voltage acquisition chip U4, between capacitor C 13, the SDO pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 accesses resistance R 17 by resistance R 16, between capacitor C 13, the VOA pin of the isolating chip U3 that the CSBI pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is ADuM1401 by resistance R 11 with a model is connected, the SDO pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is connected with the VID pin of isolating chip U3 by resistance R 12, the SDI pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is connected with the VOB pin of isolating chip U3 by resistance R 14, the SCKI pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is connected with the VOC pin of isolating chip U3 by resistance R 15, the VE2 pin access resistance R 17 of isolating chip U3, between capacitor C 13, the GND2 pin ground connection of isolating chip U3, the VDD1 pin access voltage VCC_5 of isolating chip U3, the GND1 pin ground connection of isolating chip U3, the VIA of isolating chip U3, VIB, VIC accesses respectively single-chip microcomputer U1, the negative electrode of a diode D1 of VOD pin access of isolating chip U3, the anode access single-chip microcomputer U1 of diode D1, the VE1 pin access voltage VCC_5 of isolating chip U3,
As shown in Figure 4.Current collection circuit comprises that model is the operational amplifier U7A of LM158, the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U7A is successively by the resistance R 60 of serial connection, capacitor C 34, resistance R 57 is connected with the inverting input of operational amplifier U7A, between resistance R 60 and capacitor C 34, access photo-voltaic power supply current signal by wire, between resistance R 57 and capacitor C 34, access external charging control signal by wire, between capacitor C 34 and resistance R 57, pass through capacitor C 32 ground connection, between capacitor C 34 and resistance R 60 by the capacitor C 36 being connected in series successively, resistance R 59 is connected with the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U7A, capacitor C 36, between resistance R 59, there is wire to draw ground connection, between the inverting input of operational amplifier U7A and output, be connected with capacitor C parallel with one another 31, resistance R 56, the output of operational amplifier U7A accesses single-chip microcomputer U1 by resistance R 58, the output of operational amplifier U7A is also by the resistance R 58 of connecting successively, capacitor C 35 ground connection, resistance R 58, between capacitor C 35, there is wire to draw and be connected to single-chip microcomputer U1,
As shown in Figure 5.Temperature collection circuit comprises multiple warming NTC2-NTC9, multiple warming NTC2-NTC9 one by one correspondence are serially connected with after resistance R 40-R47, formation temperature collection circuit parallel with one another again, parallel connected end access voltage VCC_5 of temperature collection circuit, another parallel connected end ground connection of temperature collection circuit, between the resistance of each warming and corresponding serial connection separately, there is respectively wire to draw, between the resistance of each warming and corresponding serial connection separately, draw wire and access respectively single-chip microcomputer U1;
As shown in Figure 6.Photovoltaic charged circuit comprises that model is the voltage-stabiliser tube U6 of LM2576HV-ADJ, model is the metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 of AO4409, first pin of voltage-stabiliser tube U6 accesses photo-voltaic power supply positive pole by wire, the 3rd pin of voltage-stabiliser tube U6 accesses photo-voltaic power supply negative pole by resistance R 54, between first pin of voltage-stabiliser tube U6 and the 3rd pin, access capacitor C 30, the 3rd pin of voltage-stabiliser tube U6, the 5th pin also distinguished ground connection, the negative electrode of a diode D15 of second pin access of voltage-stabiliser tube U6, the plus earth of diode D15, second pin of voltage-stabiliser tube U6 also accesses one end of an inductance L 4, the other end of inductance L 4 is connected to two line conductors, on the other end of inductance L 4, a line conductor is by capacitor C 29 ground connection, on the other end of inductance L 4, another line conductor is by the resistance R 48 being connected in series successively, resistance R 51 ground connection, the 4th the pin access resistance R 48 of voltage-stabiliser tube U6, between resistance R 51, between the other end of inductance L 4 and resistance R 48, access the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 by wire, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 is also by the resistance R 49 being connected in series successively, resistance R 50 is connected with the collector electrode of a triode Q2, the grid access resistance R 49 of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8, between resistance R 50, the drain electrode access single-chip microcomputer of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8, the grounded emitter of triode Q2, the base stage of triode Q2 accesses single-chip microcomputer by resistance R 52, the base stage of triode Q2 is also by capacitor C parallel with one another 42, resistance R 53 ground connection.
As shown in Figure 7.Reset circuit comprises button S1, the anodic bonding of one end of button S1 and a diode Df1, the other end ground connection of button S1, the negative electrode of diode Df1 is successively by resistance R 1, capacitor C 8 ground connection of serial connection, between the negative electrode of resistance R 1 and diode Df1, access voltage VCC_5, the anode of diode Df1 is by after being connected between wire and resistance R 1, capacitor C 8, then accesses single-chip microcomputer U1 by wire.
As shown in Figure 8.AD changes the voltage pedestal chip U2 that reference circuit comprises that model is LM4040AIM3-5.0, voltage pedestal chip U2 earth terminal ground connection, the anode tap ground connection of voltage pedestal chip U2, voltage pedestal chip U2 cathode terminal access single-chip microcomputer U1, between the anode tap of voltage pedestal chip U2 and cathode terminal, be connected to capacitor C 9, the cathode terminal of voltage pedestal chip U2 also accesses voltage VCC_5 by resistance R 2.
As shown in Figure 9.Clock circuit comprises crystal oscillator Y1, and the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1 are corresponding is one by one connected to resistance R 3 by capacitor C 10, capacitor C 11 ground connection between the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1, and single-chip microcomputer U1 is also accessed respectively at the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1.
As shown in figure 10.Jack interface circuit comprises the plug connector Header of double 6PIN, and first pin of plug connector Header, the 4th pin access respectively single-chip microcomputer U1, second the pin ground connection of plug connector Header, the 6th the pin access voltage VCC_5 of plug connector Header.
As shown in figure 11.Filter circuit comprises the parallel circuits that capacitor C 1, C5, C6 form, and capacitor C 2, C3, C4, parallel connected end ground connection of parallel circuits, another parallel connected end access voltage of parallel circuits VCC_5, in parallel circuits, on capacitor C 1, C5, C6, there is respectively wire to draw and be connected to single-chip microcomputer U1, capacitor C 2, C3, C4 one end connect rear ground connection altogether, and capacitor C 2, C3, the C4 other end access respectively single-chip microcomputer U1 separately.
As shown in figure 12.Electric quantity display circuit comprises LED 1-LED5, the anode of LED 1 is connected with one end of resistance R 4, the anode of LED 2 is connected with one end of resistance R 5, the anode of LED 3 is connected with one end of resistance R 6, the anode of LED 4 is connected with one end of resistance R 7, the anode of LED 5 is connected with one end of resistance R 8, the resistance R 4-R8 other end meets rear access voltage VCC_5 altogether, and the negative electrode of LED 1-LED5 accesses respectively single-chip microcomputer U1.
As shown in figure 13.Also comprise the power circuit that supplies power to each circuit, described power circuit comprises that model is the voltage stabilizing chip U5 of LM2576HVT-5, the IN pin access photo-voltaic power supply of voltage stabilizing chip U5, and the IN pin of voltage stabilizing chip U5 also passes through capacitor C i ground connection, voltage stabilizing chip U5's
/ OFF pin, GND pin connect rear ground connection altogether, the negative electrode of a Schottky diode DO1 of OUT pin access of voltage stabilizing chip U5, the plus earth of Schottky diode DO1, the negative electrode of Schottky diode DO1 also accesses one end of an inductance L 3, the other end of inductance L 3 is by capacitor C o1 ground connection, between the other end of inductance L 3 and capacitor C o1, by wire output voltage V CC_5, the FB pin of voltage stabilizing chip U5 accesses between the other end and capacitor C o1 of inductance L 3.
As shown in figure 14.A kind of photo-voltaic power supply management method of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, adopt and carry out application development on μ C/OS-II operating system basis, in the time using μ C/OS-II operating system, by demand, each functional module of application journey is resolved into voltage acquisition, current acquisition, temperature acquisition, data analysis task, each task has the cycle of operation separately and has unique priority, wherein voltage acquisition task communicates towards voltage acquisition chip, obtain the voltage data of each cell, current acquisition task is carried out ADC sampling, and calculate charging and discharging currents value, temperature acquisition task is carried out ADC sampling to warming, and calculate each warming temperature value, data analysis task judges whether battery overcharges, cross and put, overcurrent, excess temperature, low temperature etc., and carry out corresponding policy control, protection cell safety,
After program operation, in voltage acquisition task, single-chip microcomputer and voltage acquisition chip communicate by spi bus, by the cell voltage data storing receiving in intermediate variable, the cycle of voltage acquisition task is 100ms, in current acquisition task, carry out ADC conversion, obtain the voltage after conversion, then calculate charging and discharging currents value, the cycle of current acquisition task is 100ms.In temperature acquisition task, 9 road NTC warmings are sampled in turn, then contrast resistance--thermometer, obtain the temperature of every batteries, temperature acquisition duty cycle is 200ms, in data analysis task, the voltage data being stored in intermediate variable is analyzed, and in conjunction with the electric current and the temperature data that collect, take corresponding control strategy, the cycle of data analysis task is 100ms.
Claims (9)
1. the photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterized in that: comprise MC9S12XS128 minimum system, and access respectively voltage collection circuit, current collection circuit, temperature collection circuit, the photovoltaic charged circuit of MC9S12XS128 minimum system;
The single-chip microcomputer U1 that described MC9S12XS128 minimum system is MC9S12XS128 by model forms, between the VRH pin of single-chip microcomputer U1 and VRL pin, be connected to capacitor C 7, on single-chip microcomputer U1, have access to reset circuit, AD conversion reference circuit, clock circuit, jack interface circuit, filter circuit, electric quantity display circuit;
Described voltage collection circuit comprises that model is the voltage acquisition chip U4 of LTC6803-4, a parallel connected end of the parallel branch one that between the V+ pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 and C12 pin, access is made up of resistance R 10 and resistance R 13, parallel branch one another parallel connected end accesses photo-voltaic power supply one road voltage signal by inductance L 1, parallel branch one another parallel connected end is also connected with by diode D2, D3, a parallel connected end of the parallel branch two that D4 forms, another parallel connected end of parallel branch two is connected with the C12 pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 by capacitor C 12, between another parallel connected end of parallel branch two and capacitor C 12, also access another road voltage signal of photo-voltaic power supply, the A0-A3 pin of voltage acquisition chip U4, GPIO1-GPIO2 pin, VOS pin, NC pin, V-pin connects rear ground connection altogether, the VTEMP2 pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is by the resistance R 18 being connected in series successively, capacitor C 14 ground connection, the VREF pin access resistance R 18 of voltage acquisition chip U4, between capacitor C 14, the WDTB pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is by the resistance R 17 being connected in series successively, capacitor C 13 ground connection, the VREG pin access resistance R 17 of voltage acquisition chip U4, between capacitor C 13, the SDO pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 accesses resistance R 17 by resistance R 16, between capacitor C 13, the VOA pin of the isolating chip U3 that the CSBI pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is ADuM1401 by resistance R 11 with a model is connected, the SDO pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is connected with the VID pin of isolating chip U3 by resistance R 12, the SDI pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is connected with the VOB pin of isolating chip U3 by resistance R 14, the SCKI pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is connected with the VOC pin of isolating chip U3 by resistance R 15, the VE2 pin access resistance R 17 of isolating chip U3, between capacitor C 13, the GND2 pin ground connection of isolating chip U3, the VDD1 pin access voltage VCC_5 of isolating chip U3, the GND1 pin ground connection of isolating chip U3, the VIA of isolating chip U3, VIB, VIC accesses respectively single-chip microcomputer U1, the negative electrode of a diode D1 of VOD pin access of isolating chip U3, the anode access single-chip microcomputer U1 of diode D1, the VE1 pin access voltage VCC_5 of isolating chip U3,
Described current collection circuit comprises that model is the operational amplifier U7A of LM158, the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U7A is successively by the resistance R 60 of serial connection, capacitor C 34, resistance R 57 is connected with the inverting input of operational amplifier U7A, between resistance R 60 and capacitor C 34, access photo-voltaic power supply current signal by wire, between resistance R 57 and capacitor C 34, access external charging control signal by wire, between capacitor C 34 and resistance R 57, pass through capacitor C 32 ground connection, between capacitor C 34 and resistance R 60 by the capacitor C 36 being connected in series successively, resistance R 59 is connected with the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U7A, capacitor C 36, between resistance R 59, there is wire to draw ground connection, between the inverting input of operational amplifier U7A and output, be connected with capacitor C parallel with one another 31, resistance R 56, the output of operational amplifier U7A accesses single-chip microcomputer U1 by resistance R 58, the output of operational amplifier U7A is also by the resistance R 58 of connecting successively, capacitor C 35 ground connection, resistance R 58, between capacitor C 35, there is wire to draw and be connected to single-chip microcomputer U1,
Described temperature collection circuit comprises multiple warming NTC2-NTC9, multiple warming NTC2-NTC9 one by one correspondence are serially connected with after resistance R 40-R47, formation temperature collection circuit parallel with one another again, parallel connected end access voltage VCC_5 of temperature collection circuit, another parallel connected end ground connection of temperature collection circuit, between the resistance of each warming and corresponding serial connection separately, there is respectively wire to draw, between the resistance of each warming and corresponding serial connection separately, draw wire and access respectively single-chip microcomputer U1;
Described photovoltaic charged circuit comprises that model is the voltage-stabiliser tube U6 of LM2576HV-ADJ, model is the metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 of AO4409, first pin of voltage-stabiliser tube U6 accesses photo-voltaic power supply positive pole by wire, the 3rd pin of voltage-stabiliser tube U6 accesses photo-voltaic power supply negative pole by resistance R 54, between first pin of voltage-stabiliser tube U6 and the 3rd pin, access capacitor C 30, the 3rd pin of voltage-stabiliser tube U6, the 5th pin also distinguished ground connection, the negative electrode of a diode D15 of second pin access of voltage-stabiliser tube U6, the plus earth of diode D15, second pin of voltage-stabiliser tube U6 also accesses one end of an inductance L 4, the other end of inductance L 4 is connected to two line conductors, on the other end of inductance L 4, a line conductor is by capacitor C 29 ground connection, on the other end of inductance L 4, another line conductor is by the resistance R 48 being connected in series successively, resistance R 51 ground connection, the 4th the pin access resistance R 48 of voltage-stabiliser tube U6, between resistance R 51, between the other end of inductance L 4 and resistance R 48, access the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 by wire, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 is also by the resistance R 49 being connected in series successively, resistance R 50 is connected with the collector electrode of a triode Q2, the grid access resistance R 49 of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8, between resistance R 50, the drain electrode access single-chip microcomputer of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8, the grounded emitter of triode Q2, the base stage of triode Q2 accesses single-chip microcomputer by resistance R 52, the base stage of triode Q2 is also by capacitor C parallel with one another 42, resistance R 53 ground connection.
2. the photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described reset circuit comprises button S1, the anodic bonding of one end of button S1 and a diode Df1, the other end ground connection of button S1, the negative electrode of diode Df1 is successively by resistance R 1, capacitor C 8 ground connection of serial connection, between the negative electrode of resistance R 1 and diode Df1, access voltage VCC_5, the anode of diode Df1 is by after being connected between wire and resistance R 1, capacitor C 8, then accesses single-chip microcomputer U1 by wire.
3. the photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described AD changes the voltage pedestal chip U2 that reference circuit comprises that model is LM4040AIM3-5.0, voltage pedestal chip U2 earth terminal ground connection, the anode tap ground connection of voltage pedestal chip U2, voltage pedestal chip U2 cathode terminal access single-chip microcomputer U1, between the anode tap of voltage pedestal chip U2 and cathode terminal, be connected to capacitor C 9, the cathode terminal of voltage pedestal chip U2 also accesses voltage VCC_5 by resistance R 2.
4. the photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described clock circuit comprises crystal oscillator Y1, the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1 are corresponding to capacitor C 10, capacitor C 11 ground connection one by one, between the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1, be connected to resistance R 3, single-chip microcomputer U1 is also accessed respectively at the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1.
5. the photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described jack interface circuit comprises the plug connector Header of double 6PIN, first pin of plug connector Header, the 4th pin access respectively single-chip microcomputer U1, second the pin ground connection of plug connector Header, the 6th the pin access voltage VCC_5 of plug connector Header.
6. the photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described filter circuit comprises the parallel circuits that capacitor C 1, C5, C6 form, and capacitor C 2, C3, C4, parallel connected end ground connection of parallel circuits, another parallel connected end access voltage of parallel circuits VCC_5, in parallel circuits, on capacitor C 1, C5, C6, there is respectively wire to draw and be connected to single-chip microcomputer U1, capacitor C 2, C3, C4 one end connect rear ground connection altogether, and capacitor C 2, C3, the C4 other end access respectively single-chip microcomputer U1 separately.
7. the photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electric quantity display circuit comprises LED 1-LED5, the anode of LED 1 is connected with one end of resistance R 4, the anode of LED 2 is connected with one end of resistance R 5, the anode of LED 3 is connected with one end of resistance R 6, the anode of LED 4 is connected with one end of resistance R 7, the anode of LED 5 is connected with one end of resistance R 8, the resistance R 4-R8 other end meets rear access voltage VCC_5 altogether, the negative electrode of LED 1-LED5 accesses respectively single-chip microcomputer U1.
8. the photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise the power circuit that supplies power to each circuit, described power circuit comprises that model is the voltage stabilizing chip U5 of LM2576HVT-5, the IN pin access photo-voltaic power supply of voltage stabilizing chip U5, the IN pin of voltage stabilizing chip U5 also passes through capacitor C i ground connection, voltage stabilizing chip U5's
/ OFF pin, GND pin connect rear ground connection altogether, the negative electrode of a Schottky diode DO1 of OUT pin access of voltage stabilizing chip U5, the plus earth of Schottky diode DO1, the negative electrode of Schottky diode DO1 also accesses one end of an inductance L 3, the other end of inductance L 3 is by capacitor C o1 ground connection, between the other end of inductance L 3 and capacitor C o1, by wire output voltage V CC_5, the FB pin of voltage stabilizing chip U5 accesses between the other end and capacitor C o1 of inductance L 3.
9. the photo-voltaic power supply management method based on the photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt and carry out application development on μ C/OS-II operating system basis, in the time using μ C/OS-II operating system, by demand, each functional module of application journey is resolved into voltage acquisition, current acquisition, temperature acquisition, data analysis task, each task has the cycle of operation separately and has unique priority, wherein voltage acquisition task communicates towards voltage acquisition chip, obtain the voltage data of each cell, current acquisition task is carried out ADC sampling, and calculate charging and discharging currents value, temperature acquisition task is carried out ADC sampling to warming, and calculate each warming temperature value, data analysis task judges whether battery overcharges, cross and put, overcurrent, excess temperature, low temperature etc., and carry out corresponding policy control, protection cell safety,
After program operation, in voltage acquisition task, single-chip microcomputer and voltage acquisition chip communicate by spi bus, by the cell voltage data storing receiving in intermediate variable, the cycle of voltage acquisition task is 100ms, in current acquisition task, carry out ADC conversion, obtain the voltage after conversion, then calculate charging and discharging currents value, the cycle of current acquisition task is 100ms; In temperature acquisition task, 9 road NTC warmings are sampled in turn, then contrast resistance--thermometer, obtain the temperature of every batteries, temperature acquisition duty cycle is 200ms, in data analysis task, the voltage data being stored in intermediate variable is analyzed, and in conjunction with the electric current and the temperature data that collect, take corresponding control strategy, the cycle of data analysis task is 100ms.
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