CN103915871B - The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node - Google Patents
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of a kind of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, including MC9S12XS128 minimum system, and it is respectively connected to the voltage collection circuit of MC9S12XS128 minimum system, current collection circuit, temperature collection circuit, photovoltaic charged circuit.The present invention can effectively be managed in discharge and recharge to photo-voltaic power supply, can effectively be extended the life-span of photo-voltaic power supply by the present invention, and the effective time for continuation networked node provides guarantee.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic cell administrative unit field, the photovoltaic of a kind of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node
Power Management Unit.
Background technology
Agricultural Internet of Things is the new trend of world today's agricultural development, be by information technology support according to spatial variability,
Position, implement a whole set of modernization farming operating technology system with management regularly, quantitatively.Its basic connotation is according to crop
The character of growth, the regulation input to crop, determine the productive target of crops, carry out positioning " system diagnostics, optimizes and joins
Side, Technical form, scientific management ", reach to take on an equal basis or higher income with input that is minimum or that save most, and improve ring
Border, utilizes all kinds of agricultural resource efficiently, it may be said that be technology of Internet of things be a kind of Novel rural being comprehensively combined with agricultural production
Industry, agricultural is brought into numeral and information age, is the important development direction of 21st century agricultural by it.
Sensor network is the core of Internet of Things, and sensor network is by the sensor node structure being dispersed in various places, farmland
Becoming, the power supply mode of each node is divided into wired power supply and self-powered two kinds.Wired power supply mode not only needs to set up supply lines,
Adding supply network cost, crisscross supply lines also can affect agricultural production.And energy confession relies primarily on solar energy
There is provided the energy for node, not only reduce power supply cost, nor affect on agricultural production.But need to consider battery in power supply process
Situation, i.e. battery can not be made to cross punching, battery can not be made to cross and put, to affect power supply performance and the battery life of battery.This
It is accomplished by building photovoltaic electric management system.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of a kind of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, to realize
The management of photo-voltaic power supply in agricultural Internet of Things.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterised in that: include that MC9S12XS128 is
Mini system, and it is respectively connected to the voltage collection circuit of MC9S12XS128 minimum system, current collection circuit, temperature acquisition electricity
Road, photovoltaic charged circuit；
Described MC9S12XS128 minimum system is made up of the single-chip microcomputer U1 that model is MC9S12XS128, single-chip microcomputer U1's
Being connected to electric capacity C7 between VRH pin and VRL pin, on single-chip microcomputer U1, access has reset circuit, AD conversion reference circuit, clock electricity
Road, jack interface circuit, filter circuit, electric quantity display circuit；
Described voltage collection circuit includes the voltage acquisition chip U4, the V of voltage acquisition chip U4 that model is LTC6803-4
A parallel connected end of the parallel branch one being made up of resistance R10 and resistance R13, parallel branch is accessed between+pin and C12 pin
One another parallel connected end accesses photo-voltaic power supply one road voltage signal by inductance L1, and another parallel connected end of parallel branch one is also connected with
Having a parallel connected end of the parallel branch two being made up of diode D2, D3, D4, another parallel connected end of parallel branch two is by electricity
The C12 pin holding C12 and voltage acquisition chip U4 is connected, and also connects between another parallel connected end and the electric capacity C12 of parallel branch two
Enter another road voltage signal of photo-voltaic power supply, the A0-A3 pin of voltage acquisition chip U4, GPIO1-GPIO2 pin, VOS pin,
NC pin, V-pin connect rear ground connection altogether, and the VTEMP2 pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is by the resistance R18 being sequentially connected in series, electric capacity
C14 ground connection, the VREF pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 accesses between resistance R18, electric capacity C14, the WDTB of voltage acquisition chip U4
Pin accesses resistance R17, electricity by the resistance R17 being sequentially connected in series, electric capacity C13 ground connection, the VREG pin of voltage acquisition chip U4
Holding between C13, the SDO pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is accessed between resistance R17, electric capacity C13 by resistance R16, voltage acquisition
The CSBI pin of chip U4 is connected by the VOA pin of the isolating chip U3 that resistance R11 and model are ADuM1401, voltage
The SDO pin of acquisition chip U4 is connected by the VID pin of resistance R12 and isolating chip U3, the SDI of voltage acquisition chip U4 draws
Foot is connected by the VOB pin of resistance R14 and isolating chip U3, the SCKI pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 pass through resistance R15 and
The VOC pin of isolating chip U3 connects, and the VE2 pin of isolating chip U3 accesses between resistance R17, electric capacity C13, isolating chip U3
GND2 pin ground connection, the VDD1 pin of isolating chip U3 accesses the GND1 pin ground connection of voltage VCC_5, isolating chip U3, every
VIA, VIB, VIC of off-chip sheet U3 is respectively connected to the moon of VOD pin one diode D1 of access of single-chip microcomputer U1, isolating chip U3
Pole, the anode of diode D1 accesses the VE1 pin of single-chip microcomputer U1, isolating chip U3 and accesses voltage VCC_5；
Described current collection circuit includes the operational amplifier U7A that model is LM158, and the homophase of operational amplifier U7A is defeated
Enter end pass sequentially through the resistance R60 of concatenation, electric capacity C34, resistance R57 are connected with the inverting input of operational amplifier U7A, resistance
Access photo-voltaic power supply current signal by wire between R60 and electric capacity C34, accessed by wire between resistance R57 and electric capacity C34
External charging control signal, by electric capacity C32 ground connection between electric capacity C34 and resistance R57, passes through between electric capacity C34 and resistance R60
The electric capacity C36, the resistance R59 that are sequentially connected in series are connected with the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U7A, between electric capacity C36, resistance R59
Have wire to draw ground connection, be connected between the inverting input of operational amplifier U7A and outfan have electric capacity C31 parallel with one another,
Resistance R56, the outfan of operational amplifier U7A accesses single-chip microcomputer U1 by resistance R58, and the outfan of operational amplifier U7A is also
By the resistance R58 being sequentially connected in series, electric capacity C35 ground connection, there is wire to draw between resistance R58, electric capacity C35 and be connected to single-chip microcomputer
U1；
Described temperature collection circuit includes that multiple warming NTC2-NTC9, multiple warming NTC2-NTC9 one_to_one corresponding are serially connected with
After resistance R40-R47, then composition temperature collection circuit parallel with one another, one parallel connected end of temperature collection circuit accesses voltage VCC_5,
Another parallel connected end ground connection of temperature collection circuit, has wire to draw between each warming and the resistance of each corresponding concatenation respectively,
Draw wire between each warming and the resistance of each corresponding concatenation and be respectively connected to single-chip microcomputer U1；
Described photovoltaic charged circuit includes that stabilivolt U6 that model is LM2576HV-ADJ, model are the metal-oxide-semiconductor of AO4409
First pin of U8, stabilivolt U6 accesses photo-voltaic power supply positive pole by wire, and the 3rd pin of stabilivolt U6 passes through resistance
R54 accesses photo-voltaic power supply negative pole, accesses electric capacity C30, stabilivolt U6 between first pin of stabilivolt U6 and the 3rd pin
The 3rd pin, the 5th pin also distinguish ground connection, second pin of stabilivolt U6 accesses the moon of a diode D15
Pole, the plus earth of diode D15, second pin of stabilivolt U6 also accesses one end of an inductance L4, and inductance L4's is another
One is terminated with two-way wire, on the other end of inductance L4 a line conductor pass through electric capacity C29 ground connection, on the other end of inductance L4 another
Line conductor accesses resistance R48, resistance by the resistance R48 being sequentially connected in series, resistance R51 ground connection, the 4th pin of stabilivolt U6
Between R51, being accessed the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 between the other end and the resistance R48 of inductance L4 by wire, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 is also
Being connected by the colelctor electrode of the resistance R49 being sequentially connected in series, resistance R50 and an audion Q2, the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 accesses resistance
Between R49, resistance R50, the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 accesses single-chip microcomputer, the grounded emitter of audion Q2, and the base stage of audion Q2 is led to
Crossing resistance R52 and access single-chip microcomputer, the base stage of audion Q2 is also by electric capacity C42 parallel with one another, resistance R53 ground connection.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of described facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterised in that: the described electricity that resets
Road includes that button S1, one end of button S1 are connected with the anode of a diode Df1, the other end ground connection of button S1, diode
The negative electrode of Df1 passes sequentially through the resistance R1 of concatenation, electric capacity C8 ground connection, accesses voltage between the negative electrode of resistance R1 and diode Df1
VCC_5, after the anode of diode Df1 is by being connected between wire with resistance R1, electric capacity C8, then accesses single-chip microcomputer by wire
U1。
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of described facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterised in that: described AD conversion
Reference circuit includes the voltage pedestal chip U2 that model is LM4040AIM3-5.0, voltage pedestal chip U2 earth terminal ground connection, electricity
The anode tap ground connection of pressure pedestal chip U2, voltage pedestal chip U2 cathode terminal accesses single-chip microcomputer U1, the sun of voltage pedestal chip U2
Extremely and being connected to electric capacity C9 between cathode terminal, the cathode terminal of voltage pedestal chip U2 accesses voltage VCC_5 also by resistance R2.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of described facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterised in that: described clock electricity
Road includes that the two ends one_to_one corresponding of crystal oscillator Y1, crystal oscillator Y1, by electric capacity C10, electric capacity C11 ground connection, is connected between the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1
Resistance R3, the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1 are also respectively connected to single-chip microcomputer U1.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of described facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterised in that: described socket connects
Mouth circuit includes that first pin of plug connector Header, plug connector Header of double 6PIN, the 4th pin are respectively connected to list
Second the pin ground connection of sheet machine U1, plug connector Header, the 6th pin of plug connector Header accesses voltage VCC_5.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of described facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterised in that: described filtered electrical
Road includes the parallel circuit that electric capacity C1, C5, C6 are constituted, and electric capacity C2, C3, C4, one parallel connected end ground connection of parallel circuit, parallel connection
Another parallel connected end of circuit accesses voltage VCC_5, has wire draw and be connected in parallel circuit on electric capacity C1, C5, C6 respectively
Single-chip microcomputer U1, electric capacity C2, C3, C4 one end connects rear ground connection altogether, and electric capacity C2, C3, C4 other end the most each accesses single-chip microcomputer U1.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of described facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterised in that: described electricity shows
Show that circuit includes that LED 1-LED5, the anode of LED 1 are connected with one end of resistance R4, light-emitting diodes
The anode of pipe LED2 is connected with one end of resistance R5, and the anode of LED 3 is connected with one end of resistance R6, and luminous two
The anode of pole pipe LED4 is connected with one end of resistance R7, and the anode of LED 5 is connected with one end of resistance R8, resistance
The R4-R8 other end accesses voltage VCC_5 after connecing altogether, and the negative electrode of LED 1-LED5 is respectively connected to single-chip microcomputer U1.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of described facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterised in that: also include power supply
To the power circuit of each circuit, described power circuit includes the voltage stabilizing chip U5, voltage stabilizing chip U5 that model is LM2576HVT-5
IN pin access photo-voltaic power supply, the IN pin of voltage stabilizing chip U5 also by electric capacity Ci ground connection, voltage stabilizing chip U5's/OFF
Pin, GND pin connect rear ground connection altogether, and the OUT pin of voltage stabilizing chip U5 accesses the negative electrode of a Schottky diode DO1, Xiao Te
The plus earth of based diode DO1, the negative electrode of Schottky diode DO1 also accesses one end of an inductance L3, and inductance L3's is another
Electric capacity Co1 ground connection is passed through in one end, by wire output voltage VCC_5 between the other end and the electric capacity Co1 of inductance L3, and voltage stabilizing chip
The FB pin of U5 accesses between the other end and the electric capacity Co1 of inductance L3.
A kind of photo-voltaic power supply management method based on photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit, it is characterised in that: use at C/OS-II
Carry out application development on the basis of operating system, when using C/OS-II operating system, each merit of journey will be applied by demand
Decomposition module can become voltage acquisition, current acquisition, temperature acquisition, data analysis task, each task has respective operation week
Phase and have unique priority, wherein voltage acquisition task communicates towards voltage acquisition chip, obtains each monomer electricity
The voltage data in pond, current acquisition task carries out ADC sampling, and calculates charging and discharging currents value, and warming is entered by temperature acquisition task
Row ADC samples, and calculates each warming temperature value, and data analysis task judges whether battery overcharges, excessively puts, crosses stream, excess temperature, low temperature
Deng, and carry out corresponding policy control, protect cell safety；
After program is run, in voltage acquisition task, single-chip microcomputer and voltage acquisition chip are communicated by spi bus, will connect
The battery voltage data received is stored in intermediate variable, and the cycle of voltage acquisition task is 100ms, holds in current acquisition task
Row ADC changes, and then the voltage after being changed calculate charging and discharging currents value, and the cycle of current acquisition task is 100ms.
9 road NTC warmings are sampled by temperature acquisition task in turn, then compare resistance--thermometer, obtain the temperature of every batteries
Degree, temperature acquisition duty cycle is 200ms, in data analysis task, carries out the voltage data being stored in intermediate variable point
Analysis, and combine the electric current and temperature data collected, taking corresponding control strategy, the cycle of data analysis task is 100ms.
The present invention can effectively be managed in discharge and recharge to photo-voltaic power supply, prevents from photo-voltaic power supply from overcharging or cross putting phenomenon
Occur；There is electric quantity indication function simultaneously, prompting charging and discharging state and residual capacitance number, can effectively be prolonged by the present invention
In the life-span of long photo-voltaic power supply, the effective time for continuation networked node provides guarantee.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present configuration block diagram.
Fig. 2 is MC9S12XS128 minimum system circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is voltage collection circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is current collection circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is temperature collection circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the present invention photovoltaic charged circuit figure.
Fig. 7 is reset circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is AD conversion reference circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is clock circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Figure 10 is jack interface circuit figure of the present invention.
Figure 11 is filter circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Figure 12 is electric quantity display circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Figure 13 is power circuit circuit diagram of the present invention.
Figure 14 is the inventive method flow chart.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1.The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, including MC9S12XS128
Mini system, and it is respectively connected to the voltage collection circuit of MC9S12XS128 minimum system, current collection circuit, temperature acquisition electricity
Road, photovoltaic charged circuit；
As shown in Figure 2.MC9S12XS128 minimum system is made up of the single-chip microcomputer U1 that model is MC9S12XS128, single-chip microcomputer
Be connected to electric capacity C7 between VRH pin and the VRL pin of U1, on single-chip microcomputer U1 access have reset circuit, AD conversion reference circuit, time
Clock circuit, jack interface circuit, filter circuit, electric quantity display circuit；
As shown in Figure 3.Voltage collection circuit includes the voltage acquisition chip U4 that model is LTC6803-4, voltage acquisition core
A parallel connected end of the parallel branch one being made up of resistance R10 and resistance R13 is accessed between V+ pin and the C12 pin of sheet U4,
Another parallel connected end of parallel branch one accesses photo-voltaic power supply one road voltage signal by inductance L1, another parallel connection of parallel branch one
End is also associated with a parallel connected end of the parallel branch two being made up of diode D2, D3, D4, and another of parallel branch two is in parallel
End is connected by the C12 pin of electric capacity C12 with voltage acquisition chip U4, another parallel connected end of parallel branch two and electric capacity C12
Between also access another road voltage signal of photo-voltaic power supply, the A0-A3 pin of voltage acquisition chip U4, GPIO1-GPIO2 pin,
VOS pin, NC pin, V-pin connect rear ground connection altogether, and the VTEMP2 pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is by the resistance being sequentially connected in series
R18, electric capacity C14 ground connection, the VREF pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 accesses between resistance R18, electric capacity C14, voltage acquisition chip
The WDTB pin of U4 accesses electricity by the resistance R17 being sequentially connected in series, electric capacity C13 ground connection, the VREG pin of voltage acquisition chip U4
Resistance is between R17, electric capacity C13, and the SDO pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is accessed between resistance R17, electric capacity C13 by resistance R16,
The CSBI pin of the voltage acquisition chip U4 VOA pin by isolating chip U3 that resistance R11 and model are ADuM1401
Connecting, the SDO pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is connected by the VID pin of resistance R12 and isolating chip U3, voltage acquisition chip
The SDI pin of U4 is connected by the VOB pin of resistance R14 and isolating chip U3, and the SCKI pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 passes through
The VOC pin of resistance R15 and isolating chip U3 is connected, and the VE2 pin of isolating chip U3 accesses between resistance R17, electric capacity C13,
The GND2 pin ground connection of isolating chip U3, the VDD1 pin of isolating chip U3 accesses voltage VCC_5, the GND1 of isolating chip U3 and draws
Foot ground connection, VIA, VIB, VIC of isolating chip U3 is respectively connected to the VOD pin of single-chip microcomputer U1, isolating chip U3 and accesses one two
The negative electrode of pole pipe D1, the anode of diode D1 accesses the VE1 pin of single-chip microcomputer U1, isolating chip U3 and accesses voltage VCC_5；
As shown in Figure 4.Current collection circuit includes the operational amplifier U7A that model is LM158, operational amplifier U7A's
In-phase input end passes sequentially through the resistance R60 of concatenation, electric capacity C34, resistance R57 connect with the inverting input of operational amplifier U7A
Connect, access photo-voltaic power supply current signal by wire between resistance R60 and electric capacity C34, pass through between resistance R57 and electric capacity C34
Wire accesses external charging control signal, by electric capacity C32 ground connection between electric capacity C34 and resistance R57, and electric capacity C34 and resistance R60
Between be connected with the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U7A by the electric capacity C36, the resistance R59 that are sequentially connected in series, electric capacity C36, resistance
There is wire to draw ground connection between R59, be connected between the inverting input of operational amplifier U7A and outfan and have electricity parallel with one another
Holding C31, resistance R56, the outfan of operational amplifier U7A accesses single-chip microcomputer U1 by resistance R58, and operational amplifier U7A's is defeated
Go out to hold also by the resistance R58 being sequentially connected in series, electric capacity C35 ground connection, have wire to draw between resistance R58, electric capacity C35 and be connected to
Single-chip microcomputer U1；
As shown in Figure 5.Temperature collection circuit includes multiple warming NTC2-NTC9, multiple warming NTC2-NTC9 one_to_one corresponding
After being serially connected with resistance R40-R47, then composition temperature collection circuit parallel with one another, one parallel connected end of temperature collection circuit accesses voltage
VCC_5, another parallel connected end ground connection of temperature collection circuit, there is wire respectively between each warming and the resistance of each corresponding concatenation
Draw, draw wire between each warming and the resistance of each corresponding concatenation and be respectively connected to single-chip microcomputer U1；
As shown in Figure 6.Photovoltaic charged circuit includes that stabilivolt U6 that model is LM2576HV-ADJ, model are AO4409's
First pin of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8, stabilivolt U6 accesses photo-voltaic power supply positive pole by wire, and the 3rd pin of stabilivolt U6 passes through
Resistance R54 accesses photo-voltaic power supply negative pole, accesses electric capacity C30, voltage stabilizing between first pin of stabilivolt U6 and the 3rd pin
3rd pin of pipe U6, the 5th pin also distinguish ground connection, and second pin of stabilivolt U6 accesses a diode D15's
Negative electrode, the plus earth of diode D15, second pin of stabilivolt U6 also accesses one end of an inductance L4, inductance L4's
The other end is connected to two line conductors, and on the other end of inductance L4, a line conductor passes through electric capacity C29 ground connection, another on the other end of inductance L4
One line conductor accesses resistance R48, electricity by the resistance R48 being sequentially connected in series, resistance R51 ground connection, the 4th pin of stabilivolt U6
Between resistance R51, between the other end and the resistance R48 of inductance L4, accessed the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 by wire
Colelctor electrode also by the resistance R49 being sequentially connected in series, resistance R50 and an audion Q2 connects, and the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 accesses electricity
Resistance is between R49, resistance R50, and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 accesses single-chip microcomputer, the grounded emitter of audion Q2, the base stage of audion Q2
Accessing single-chip microcomputer by resistance R52, the base stage of audion Q2 is also by electric capacity C42 parallel with one another, resistance R53 ground connection.
As shown in Figure 7.Reset circuit includes that button S1, one end of button S1 are connected with the anode of a diode Df1, press
The other end ground connection of key S1, the negative electrode of diode Df1 passes sequentially through the resistance R1 of concatenation, electric capacity C8 ground connection, resistance R1 and two poles
Accessing voltage VCC_5 between the negative electrode of pipe Df1, the anode of diode Df1 is by being connected between wire with resistance R1, electric capacity C8
After, then access single-chip microcomputer U1 by wire.
As shown in Figure 8.AD conversion reference circuit includes the voltage pedestal chip U2 that model is LM4040AIM3-5.0, voltage
Pedestal chip U2 earth terminal ground connection, the anode tap ground connection of voltage pedestal chip U2, voltage pedestal chip U2 cathode terminal accesses monolithic
Machine U1, is connected to electric capacity C9 between anode tap and the cathode terminal of voltage pedestal chip U2, the cathode terminal of voltage pedestal chip U2 is the most logical
Cross resistance R2 and access voltage VCC_5.
As shown in Figure 9.Clock circuit includes that the two ends one_to_one corresponding of crystal oscillator Y1, crystal oscillator Y1 is by electric capacity C10, electric capacity C11
Ground connection, is connected to resistance R3 between the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1, the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1 are also respectively connected to single-chip microcomputer U1.
As shown in Figure 10.Jack interface circuit includes the plug connector Header of double 6PIN, plug connector Header first
Pin, the 4th pin are respectively connected to second the pin ground connection of single-chip microcomputer U1, plug connector Header, the of plug connector Header
Six pins access voltage VCC_5.
As shown in figure 11.Filter circuit includes the parallel circuit that electric capacity C1, C5, C6 are constituted, and electric capacity C2, C3, C4, and
Connection one parallel connected end ground connection of circuit, another parallel connected end of parallel circuit accesses voltage VCC_5, electric capacity C1, C5, C6 in parallel circuit
Upper have wire to draw respectively and be connected to single-chip microcomputer U1, and electric capacity C2, C3, C4 one end connects rear ground connection altogether, electric capacity C2, C3, C4 another
End the most each accesses single-chip microcomputer U1.
As shown in figure 12.Electric quantity display circuit includes LED 1-LED5, the anode of LED 1 with
One end of resistance R4 connects, and the anode of LED 2 is connected with one end of resistance R5, the anode of LED 3
Being connected with one end of resistance R6, the anode of LED 4 is connected with one end of resistance R7, the sun of LED 5
Pole is connected with one end of resistance R8, and the resistance R4-R8 other end accesses voltage VCC_5 after connecing altogether, LED 1-LED5's
Negative electrode is respectively connected to single-chip microcomputer U1.
As shown in figure 13.Also including the power circuit supplying power to each circuit, described power circuit includes that model is
The IN pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U5 of LM2576HVT-5, voltage stabilizing chip U5 accesses photo-voltaic power supply, and the IN pin of voltage stabilizing chip U5 is the most logical
Cross electric capacity Ci ground connection, voltage stabilizing chip U5's/ OFF pin, GND pin connect rear ground connection altogether, and the OUT pin of voltage stabilizing chip U5 connects
Entering the negative electrode of a Schottky diode DO1, the plus earth of Schottky diode DO1, the negative electrode of Schottky diode DO1 is also
Accessing one end of an inductance L3, the other end of inductance L3 passes through electric capacity Co1 ground connection, the other end of inductance L3 and electric capacity Co1 it
Between accessed by the FB pin of wire output voltage VCC_5, voltage stabilizing chip U5 between the other end and the electric capacity Co1 of inductance L3.
As shown in figure 14.The photo-voltaic power supply management method of a kind of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, uses at C/OS-
Carry out application development on the basis of II operating system, use C/OS-II operating system time, by demand will apply journey each
Functional module resolves into voltage acquisition, current acquisition, temperature acquisition, data analysis task, and each task has respective operation
Cycle and have unique priority, wherein voltage acquisition task communicates towards voltage acquisition chip, obtains each monomer
The voltage data of battery, current acquisition task carries out ADC sampling, and calculates charging and discharging currents value, and temperature acquisition task is to warming
Carrying out ADC sampling, and calculate each warming temperature value, data analysis task judges whether battery overcharges, cross and put, cross stream, excess temperature, low
Temperature etc., and carry out corresponding policy control, protect cell safety；
After program is run, in voltage acquisition task, single-chip microcomputer and voltage acquisition chip are communicated by spi bus, will connect
The battery voltage data received is stored in intermediate variable, and the cycle of voltage acquisition task is 100ms, holds in current acquisition task
Row ADC changes, and then the voltage after being changed calculate charging and discharging currents value, and the cycle of current acquisition task is 100ms.
9 road NTC warmings are sampled by temperature acquisition task in turn, then compare resistance--thermometer, obtain the temperature of every batteries
Degree, temperature acquisition duty cycle is 200ms, in data analysis task, carries out the voltage data being stored in intermediate variable point
Analysis, and combine the electric current and temperature data collected, taking corresponding control strategy, the cycle of data analysis task is 100ms.
Claims (9)
1. the photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node, it is characterised in that: include that MC9S12XS128 is minimum
System, and be respectively connected to the voltage collection circuit of MC9S12XS128 minimum system, current collection circuit, temperature collection circuit,
Photovoltaic charged circuit；Described MC9S12XS128 minimum system is made up of the single-chip microcomputer U1 that model is MC9S12XS128, single-chip microcomputer
Be connected to electric capacity C7 between VRH pin and the VRL pin of U1, on single-chip microcomputer U1 access have reset circuit, AD conversion reference circuit, time
Clock circuit, jack interface circuit, filter circuit, electric quantity display circuit；Described voltage collection circuit includes that model is LTC6803-4
Voltage acquisition chip U4, voltage acquisition chip U4 V+ pin and C12 pin between access by resistance R10 and resistance R13 structure
One parallel connected end of the parallel branch one become, another parallel connected end of parallel branch one accesses photo-voltaic power supply one road electricity by inductance L1
Pressure signal, another parallel connected end of parallel branch one be also associated with being made up of diode D2, D3, D4 of parallel branch two is also
Connection end, another parallel connected end of parallel branch two is connected by the C12 pin of electric capacity C12 and voltage acquisition chip U4, in parallel
Another road voltage signal of photo-voltaic power supply, voltage acquisition chip U4 is also accessed between another parallel connected end and the electric capacity C12 on road two
A0-A3 pin, GPIO1-GPIO2 pin, VOS pin, NC pin, V-pin connect rear ground connection altogether, voltage acquisition chip U4's
VTEMP2 pin accesses resistance by the resistance R18 being sequentially connected in series, electric capacity C14 ground connection, the VREF pin of voltage acquisition chip U4
Between R18, electric capacity C14, the WDTB pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is by the resistance R17 being sequentially connected in series, electric capacity C13 ground connection, electricity
The VREG pin of pressure acquisition chip U4 accesses between resistance R17, electric capacity C13, and the SDO pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 passes through resistance
R16 accesses between resistance R17, electric capacity C13, and the CSBI pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 by resistance R11 and a model is
The VOA pin of the isolating chip U3 of ADuM1401 connects, and the SDO pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 passes through resistance R12 and isolated core
The VID pin of sheet U3 connects, the SDI pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is connected by the VOB pin of resistance R14 and isolating chip U3
Connecing, the SCKI pin of voltage acquisition chip U4 is connected by the VOC pin of resistance R15 and isolating chip U3, isolating chip U3's
VE2 pin accesses between resistance R17, electric capacity C13, the GND2 pin ground connection of isolating chip U3, the VDD1 pin of isolating chip U3
Accessing the GND1 pin ground connection of voltage VCC_5, isolating chip U3, VIA, VIB, VIC of isolating chip U3 are respectively connected to single-chip microcomputer
The VOD pin of U1, isolating chip U3 accesses the negative electrode of a diode D1, and the anode of diode D1 accesses single-chip microcomputer U1, isolation
The VE1 pin of chip U3 accesses voltage VCC_5；Described current collection circuit includes the operational amplifier U7A that model is LM158,
The in-phase input end of operational amplifier U7A passes sequentially through the resistance R60 of concatenation, electric capacity C34, resistance R57 and operational amplifier U7A
Inverting input connect, between resistance R60 and electric capacity C34 by wire access photo-voltaic power supply current signal, resistance R57 with electricity
Hold and access external charging control signal by wire between C34, by electric capacity C32 ground connection between electric capacity C34 and resistance R57, electricity
Hold and connected by the in-phase input end of the electric capacity C36, the resistance R59 that are sequentially connected in series and operational amplifier U7A between C34 and resistance R60
Connect, have wire to draw ground connection between electric capacity C36, resistance R59, connect between inverting input and the outfan of operational amplifier U7A
Being connected to electric capacity C31, resistance R56 parallel with one another, the outfan of operational amplifier U7A accesses single-chip microcomputer U1, fortune by resistance R58
Calculate the outfan of amplifier U7A also by the resistance R58 being sequentially connected in series, electric capacity C35 ground connection；Described temperature collection circuit includes many
Individual warming NTC2-NTC9, after multiple warming NTC2-NTC9 one_to_one corresponding are serially connected with resistance R40-R47, then composition temperature parallel with one another
Degree Acquisition Circuit, one parallel connected end access voltage VCC_5 of temperature collection circuit, another parallel connected end ground connection of temperature collection circuit,
Have wire to draw respectively between the resistance of each warming and each corresponding concatenation, the resistance of each warming and respective corresponding concatenation it
Between draw wire be respectively connected to single-chip microcomputer U1；Described photovoltaic charged circuit include stabilivolt U6 that model is LM2576HV-ADJ,
Model is the metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 of AO4409, and first pin of stabilivolt U6 accesses photo-voltaic power supply positive pole by wire, stabilivolt U6's
3rd pin is indirectly by resistance R54 access photo-voltaic power supply negative pole, first pin of stabilivolt U6 and the 3rd pin
Enter the 3rd pin of electric capacity C30, stabilivolt U6, the 5th pin also distinguishes ground connection, and second pin of stabilivolt U6 accesses
The negative electrode of one diode D15, the plus earth of diode D15, second pin of stabilivolt U6 also accesses an inductance L4
One end, the other end of inductance L4 is connected to two line conductors, on the other end of inductance L4 a line conductor pass through electric capacity C29 ground connection, electricity
On the other end of sense L4, another line conductor is by the resistance R48 being sequentially connected in series, resistance R51 ground connection, and the 4th of stabilivolt U6 is drawn
Foot accesses between resistance R48, resistance R51, is accessed the source of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 between the other end and the resistance R48 of inductance L4 by wire
Pole, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 connects also by the colelctor electrode of the resistance R49 being sequentially connected in series, resistance R50 and an audion Q2, MOS
The grid of pipe U8 accesses between resistance R49, resistance R50, and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor U8 accesses single-chip microcomputer, and the emitter stage of audion Q2 connects
Ground, the base stage of audion Q2 by resistance R52 access single-chip microcomputer, the base stage of audion Q2 also by electric capacity C42 parallel with one another,
Resistance R53 ground connection.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described reset circuit includes that button S1, one end of button S1 are connected with the anode of a diode Df1, another termination of button S1
Ground, the negative electrode of diode Df1 passes sequentially through the resistance R1 of concatenation, electric capacity C8 ground connection, between the negative electrode of resistance R1 and diode Df1
Access voltage VCC_5, after the anode of diode Df1 is by being connected between wire with resistance R1, electric capacity C8, then accessed by wire
Single-chip microcomputer U1.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described AD conversion reference circuit includes the voltage pedestal chip U2 that model is LM4040AIM3-5.0, voltage pedestal chip U2 ground connection
End ground connection, the anode tap ground connection of voltage pedestal chip U2, voltage pedestal chip U2 cathode terminal accesses single-chip microcomputer U1, voltage base core
Being connected to electric capacity C9 between anode tap and the cathode terminal of sheet U2, the cathode terminal of voltage pedestal chip U2 accesses voltage also by resistance R2
VCC_5。
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described clock circuit includes that the two ends one_to_one corresponding of crystal oscillator Y1, crystal oscillator Y1 is by electric capacity C10, electric capacity C11 ground connection, the two of crystal oscillator Y1
Being connected to resistance R3 between end, the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1 are also respectively connected to single-chip microcomputer U1.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described jack interface circuit includes first pin of the plug connector Header of double 6PIN, plug connector Header, the 4th pin
Being respectively connected to second the pin ground connection of single-chip microcomputer U1, plug connector Header, the 6th pin of plug connector Header accesses electricity
Pressure VCC_5.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described filter circuit includes the parallel circuit that electric capacity C1, C5, C6 are constituted, and electric capacity C2, C3, C4, one parallel connection of parallel circuit
End ground connection, another parallel connected end of parallel circuit accesses voltage VCC_5, has wire to draw in parallel circuit on electric capacity C1, C5, C6 respectively
Going out and be connected to single-chip microcomputer U1, electric capacity C2, C3, C4 one end and connect rear ground connection altogether, electric capacity C2, C3, C4 other end the most each accesses
Single-chip microcomputer U1.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described electric quantity display circuit includes that LED 1-LED5, the anode of LED 1 connect with one end of resistance R4
Connecing, the anode of LED 2 is connected with one end of resistance R5, the anode of LED 3 and one end of resistance R6
Connecting, the anode of LED 4 is connected with one end of resistance R7, the anode of LED 5 and the one of resistance R8
End connects, and the resistance R4-R8 other end accesses voltage VCC_5 after connecing altogether, and the negative electrode of LED 1-LED5 is respectively connected to list
Sheet machine U1.
The photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Also including the power circuit supplying power to each circuit, described power circuit includes the voltage stabilizing chip U5 that model is LM2576HVT-5,
The IN pin of voltage stabilizing chip U5 accesses photo-voltaic power supply, and the IN pin of voltage stabilizing chip U5 is also by electric capacity Ci ground connection, voltage stabilizing chip U5
'sPin, GND pin connect rear ground connection altogether, and the OUT pin of voltage stabilizing chip U5 accesses a Schottky diode DO1's
Negative electrode, the plus earth of Schottky diode DO1, the negative electrode of Schottky diode DO1 also accesses one end of an inductance L3, electricity
The other end of sense L3 is by electric capacity Co1 ground connection, by wire output voltage VCC_5 between the other end and the electric capacity Co1 of inductance L3,
The FB pin of voltage stabilizing chip U5 accesses between the other end and the electric capacity Co1 of inductance L3.
9. one kind based on the photo-voltaic power supply of the photo-voltaic power supply administrative unit of facing agricultural Internet of Things measuring and controlling node described in claim 1
Management method, it is characterised in that: use and carry out application development on the basis of μ C/OS-II operating system, using μ C/OS-
During II operating system, each functional module of journey will be applied to resolve into voltage acquisition, current acquisition, temperature acquisition, data by demand
Analysis task, each task has respective cycle of operation and has unique priority, wherein voltage acquisition task towards
Voltage acquisition chip communicates, and obtains the voltage data of each cell, and current acquisition task carries out ADC sampling, and calculates
Charging and discharging currents value, temperature acquisition task carries out ADC sampling, and calculates each warming temperature value warming, and data analysis task is sentenced
Whether power-off pond overcharges, excessively puts, crosses stream, excess temperature, low temperature etc., and carries out corresponding policy control, protects cell safety；Program is transported
After row, in voltage acquisition task, single-chip microcomputer U1 and voltage acquisition chip are communicated by spi bus, the battery electricity that will receive
Pressure data are stored in intermediate variable, and the cycle of voltage acquisition task is 100ms, perform ADC conversion in current acquisition task,
Voltage after conversion, then calculates charging and discharging currents value, and the cycle of current acquisition task is 100ms；Temperature acquisition task
In 9 road NTC warmings are sampled in turn, then compare resistance--thermometer, obtain the temperature of every batteries, temperature acquisition is appointed
The business cycle is 200ms, in data analysis task, is analyzed the voltage data being stored in intermediate variable, and combines collection
The electric current arrived and temperature data, taking corresponding control strategy, the cycle of data analysis task is 100ms.
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| CN104779688A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-07-15 | 安徽农业大学 | Photovoltaic power management system oriented to measuring and controlling node of agricultural internet of things |
| CN104953671A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-09-30 | 安徽农业大学 | Power self-management device for agricultural tracked robot serving as mobile node of Internet of Things |
| CN109062091A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-12-21 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of agricultural monitoring Internet of things system under crop field environment |
| CN109039270B (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2023-10-24 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Header box circuit of intelligent photovoltaic power station simulator |
| CN112886635B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2024-01-16 | 许昌学院 | Intelligent photovoltaic circuit of internet of things |
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| KR100742607B1 (en) * | 2006-04-17 | 2007-07-25 | (주)한울옵틱스 | Apparatus for controlling power supply using wind power unit and method thereof |
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| CN2491998Y (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2002-05-15 | 新疆新能源研究所 | Domestic solar photovoltaci power source intelligent controller |
| CN102118432A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-07-06 | 北京林业大学 | Wireless multimedia sensor node system oriented to field ecological monitoring |
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