CN103913659B - instantaneous protection tester and operation method thereof - Google Patents
instantaneous protection tester and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103913659B CN103913659B CN201410123918.5A CN201410123918A CN103913659B CN 103913659 B CN103913659 B CN 103913659B CN 201410123918 A CN201410123918 A CN 201410123918A CN 103913659 B CN103913659 B CN 103913659B
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Abstract
The invention provides an instantaneous protection tester and an operation method of the instantaneous protection tester, and relates to an emergency protection circuit device used for limiting the over-current or the overvoltage without cutting off a circuit. The tester is composed of a control portion and an execution portion, wherein the control portion comprises a single-chip microcomputer, a voltage transformer, a current transformer, second-order band-pass filtering circuits, common frequency rectangular wave conversion circuits, a voltage boosting circuit, a key, an LCD display and chip 74LS04 circuits. The execution portion comprises a drive circuit composed of an MOC3021 optical coupler and a double-direction silicon controlled rectifier. The frequency of the voltage of the electric system and the power factor angle of the electric system can be directly and automatically detected, phase selection switch-on and switch-off can be achieved for the system, after the electric system is switched on, the magnitude of the current passing through an electric appliance product and the time when the current passes through the electric appliance product are detected in real time, display is conducted through a human-computer interaction interface, and meanwhile the backup protection function, namely, the timed switch-off function, is achieved.
Description
Technical field
Technical scheme relates to limit overcurrent or overvoltage and does not cut off the emergency protective circuit of circuit
Device, specifically instantaneous protection tester and its operation method.
Background technology
The operation of power system breaker in middle equipment can produce and may jeopardize the normal Transient Electromagnetic Phenomena running of power equipment,
Such as overvoltage and overcurrent etc., its order of severity is often relevant with the phase angle of voltage during switch divide-shut brake or electric current.Therefore early in
The seventies, people begin to study option principle technology, how to reduce or even to eliminate this by controlling divide-shut brake phase angle
Plant phenomenon.CN201789337U discloses a kind of option principle control device, inserts including CPU module, ac analog input
Part, switching value transducer signal input plug-in unit, power module and output switch parameter plug-in unit, the defect that this utility model technology exists
It is, current sample low precision, poor anti jamming capability.In addition, it is ineffective to there is operation in the instantaneous protection testing experiment of prior art
Shortcoming alive, certainty of measurement is low, human-computer interaction function is poor.In addition the arguement to existing option principle technology is also continued for
To the present, bone of contention is its feasibility in economic and technical and the reliability of product.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is：Instantaneous protection tester and its operation method are provided, with single-chip microcomputer are
Core constitutes control section, the energy directly frequency of automatic detection power system voltage and the power-factor angle of power system, real
The now option principle to system, after power system is closed a floodgate, detection in real time by the size of electric equipment products electric current and
The time by electric equipment products for the electric current, and shown that by human-computer interaction interface there is the function of back-up protection simultaneously, that is, fixed
When separating brake function.
The present invention solves this technical problem and be employed technical scheme comprise that：Instantaneous protection tester, by control section and holding
Row part constitute, wherein, control section include single-chip microcomputer, voltage transformer, current transformer, second order bandwidth-limited circuit, with
Frequency square wave change-over circuit, voltage lifting circuit, button, LCD display and chip 74LS04 circuit, wherein, described same frequency square
The operational amplifier of shape ripple change-over circuit uses OP275GP, and described second order bandwidth-limited circuit adopts CA3140 high-accuracy arithmetic
Amplifier, adds decoupling by amplifier power supply and moves back the energy back that resistance electric capacity to stop circuit；Executable portion includes
Drive circuit and bidirectional triode thyristor that MOC3021 optocoupler is constituted；The connected mode of above-mentioned part is, by single-chip microcomputer respectively with voltage
Lifting circuit is connected with chip 74LS04 circuit, and chip 74LS04 circuit is connected with same frequency square wave change-over circuit again, voltage
Lifting circuit is connected with two-way second order bandwidth-limited circuit respectively with same frequency square wave change-over circuit, two-way second order band logical in addition
Filter circuit is connected with voltage transformer summation current transformer again respectively, is consequently formed voltage, electric current and frequency collection circuit,
The drive circuit being consisted of MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer and bidirectional triode thyristor are connected to form on-off switch, by single-chip microcomputer
It is connected to form human-computer interaction module with LCD display and button；
Have in the single-chip microcomputer of above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester operation software overall procedure be：
S1：Start, enter S2；S2：Initialization, enters S3；S3：Frequency detecting simultaneously shows parameters, enters S4；S4：
Whether detection frequency is normal？If it is not, entering S5, if so, enter S6；S5：Report to the police and show failure cause, return main program, enter
Enter S3；S6：Whether detection button is pressed？If it is not, return main program, enter S3, if so, enter S7；S7：If key 1 is pressed, set
Return main program after parameter, enter S3；If key 2 is pressed, return main program after carrying out phase-angle detection, enter S3；If key 3 is pressed,
Return main program after carrying out phase selection, enter S3；
The flow process of the option principle subprogram in the operation software having in the single-chip microcomputer of above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester
It is：
S11：Start, enter S12；S12：Initialization, enters S13；S13：Detection voltage zero crossing, enters S14；S14：Prolong
When T1, enter S15；S15：Close a floodgate, enter S16；S16：Timing T2, enters S17；S17：Whether detection time T is more than T2, if
No, enter S18, if so, enter S19；S18：Detection current amplitude and timing conduction time T3, return S17；S19：Separating brake simultaneously shows
Show measured value, return；
There is the flow process of the measurement power-factor angle subprogram of operation software in the single-chip microcomputer of above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester
It is：
Beginning → initialization → detection voltage zero crossing → Open Timer device 0 → detection current zero-crossing point → pass timer 0 →
Read timer timing → display phase angle → return.
Above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester, the single-chip microcomputer in described control section and the power supply of each circuit pass through 220V
AC rectification obtains, and realization ± 5V powers, and power reaches more than 5W.
Above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester, wherein involved parts be all known to those skilled in the art simultaneously
Can be commercially available, the method for attachment of involved components and parts and circuit is known to those skilled in the art.
The operation method of above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester, it realizes the process of instantaneous protection is：Voltage transformer and electric current
Transformer is by the voltage signal of the power system detecting respectively and current signal through second order bandwidth-limited circuit, with frequency square wave
Change-over circuit and chip 74LS04 circuit are input to single-chip microcomputer signal and catch port, by catching voltage signal and current signal
Zero crossing time difference measurements go out frequency and the power-factor angle of power system, the data recording is saved in single-chip microcomputer EEPROM
And shown by liquid crystal display；Single-chip microcomputer meeting setting power factor angle and size of conduction time before execution divide-shut brake, and
After power-off reset, data will not be lost；The drive circuit being made up of by MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer and bidirectional triode thyristor phase
Even form on-off switch, reclosing command is executed by key command, making process includes：Detectable voltage signals zero point, time delay
The time of one power-factor angle closes a floodgate, and the A/D conversion passing through 10 precision in single-chip microcomputer after combined floodgate detects electric current in real time
Signal, until breaker disconnects or reaches the conduction time value of setting, last separating brake simultaneously calculates the peak value of electric current, virtual value
And the conduction time of breaker, measured value is shown on liquid crystal display；User completes work(by the button on control section
The mensure at rate factor angle and the threshold value of setting power factor angle, the size of conduction time and supply frequency；Single-chip microcomputer will be in real time
Monitor whether that button is pressed immediately, if having, the key command according to immediately pressing carries out parameter setting or function execution；If
Button is not had immediately to press, single-chip microcomputer then cycle detection electric voltage frequency；Single-chip microcomputer is by the frequency values of the system power supply of current time
Compared with the threshold value of the supply frequency of described setting, if the frequency values of the system power supply of current time are beyond the model of setting value
Enclose, that is, power supply occurs extremely, single-chip microcomputer sends power failure warning, reminds operating personnel.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：Compared with prior art the prominent substantive distinguishing features of the present invention are：
(1) the instantaneous protection tester of the present invention and option principle control device a kind of disclosed in CN201789337U have
Substantial difference：1. disclosed in CN201789337U, option principle control device only has phase-controlled function, and this
Bright instantaneous protection tester, in addition to having phase-controlled function, is mainly realized to wink dynamic test electric current and actuation time
Detection, can set to parameters such as closing phase angle, turn-off times；2. option principle disclosed in CN201789337U controls
The microprocessor of device is CPU module, and the microprocessor of the instantaneous protection tester of the present invention is PIC16 series monolithic, this
The instantaneous protection tester of invention is constituted control section with this single-chip microcomputer for core, the direct automatic detection power system voltage of energy
Frequency and the power-factor angle of power system, realize the option principle to power system；3. both in circuit design
Entirely different, CN201789337U does not have filter circuit, and antijamming capability is poor, and in the present invention, second order bandwidth-limited circuit can rise
To good Anti-Jamming.The current sample low precision of CN201789337U, in the present invention, 10 precision A/D of single-chip microcomputer turn
Change sensed current signal in real time, drastically increase the precision of electric current.Band used in the instantaneous protection tester of the present invention
Bandpass filter circuit is second order bandwidth-limited circuit, exchanges letter to direct current signal, the AC signal of below 20Hz and more than 150Hz
Number there is good inhibiting effect；The steepness of the square wave of same frequency square wave change-over circuit used within 10 μ s so that collection
The error of frequency and phase angle is reduced to below 100 μ s.
(2) in the instantaneous protection tester of the present invention, applied voltage transformer summation current transformer is obtained respectively with IC method and adopts
Sample voltage signal and current signal.
(3) instantaneous protection tester of the present invention and its operation method have electric power system fault and report to the police and " the race of anti-locking system
Fly " software reset's function.
Beneficial effects of the present invention, compared with prior art the marked improvement of the present invention is as follows：
(1) instantaneous protection tester of the present invention and its operation method, both detected the frequency of power system and power because
Number angle, can also weaken or even eliminate the impact of transient state electromagnetism, the actuation time to electric equipment products and electrical current are carried out in real time
Detection.
(2) with single-chip microcomputer as core, LCD carries backlight Chinese display to instantaneous protection tester of the present invention, and touch key operates,
Can be to following state modulator by the key user on control section：Power-factor angle, conduction time and frequency threshold are carried out
Set, and directly setting result be can be seen that from liquid crystal display, be convenient for people to the monitoring to system.
(3) instantaneous protection tester of the present invention and its operation method are constituted control section with single-chip microcomputer for core, can be directly
The frequency of automatic checkout system voltage and the accurate power-factor angle of power system, enable the option principle to system.
After power system is closed a floodgate, detection in real time by the size of current of electric equipment products and electric current by electric equipment products when
Between, and shown by human-computer interaction interface.The function of back-up protection is accomplished in control section, i.e. the function of timing separating brake.Soft
Part functional realiey freely sets to power-factor angle and conduction time.Thus grasping in dynamic test in the wink overcoming prior art
Make dumb, certainty of measurement is low, the shortcoming of human-computer interaction function difference.
Brief description
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is instantaneous protection tester composition frame chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is instantaneous protection tester operation method process schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the second order bandwidth-limited circuit principle of compositionality figure of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the same frequency square wave change-over circuit principle of compositionality figure of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the voltage lifting circuit principle of compositionality figure of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the power supply circuit of single-chip microcomputer in the control section of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention and each circuit
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is the principle of compositionality figure of the drive circuit of MOC3021 optocoupler composition of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the overview flow chart of the operation software having in the single-chip microcomputer of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the option principle subprogram in the operation software having in the single-chip microcomputer of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention
Flow chart.
Figure 10 is the detection power system work(in the operation software having in the single-chip microcomputer of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention
The flow chart of rate factor silver coin program.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 shows, the instantaneous protection tester of the present invention is made up of control section and executable portion, its
In, control section include single-chip microcomputer, voltage transformer, current transformer, bandwidth-limited circuit, with frequency square wave change-over circuit,
Voltage lifting circuit, button, LCD display and chip 74LS04 circuit；Executable portion includes the driving of MOC3021 optocoupler composition
Circuit and bidirectional triode thyristor；As shown by the arrow, the drive circuit being made up of by MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer with two-way
Controllable silicon is connected to form on-off switch.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 shows, instantaneous protection tester operation method process of the present invention is：Voltage signal is through overvoltage
, to single-chip microcomputer, current signal sequentially passes through current transformer, second order for transformer, second order bandwidth-limited circuit and voltage lifting circuit
, to single-chip microcomputer, second order bandwidth-limited circuit is sequentially connected same frequency square wave respectively again and turns for bandwidth-limited circuit and voltage lifting circuit
Change circuit and chip 74LS04 circuit to single-chip microcomputer, alternating current 220V sequentially pass through bridge rectifier, filter circuit and LM317 and
To single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer connects drive circuit and the bidirectional triode thyristor that MOC3021 optocoupler is constituted to LM337 power IC, single
Piece machine again respectively with liquid crystal display and by bonded；Voltage signal and current signal are respectively through voltage transformer and Current Mutual Inductance
, to single-chip microcomputer, second order bandwidth-limited circuit is sequentially connected with frequency again respectively for device, second order bandwidth-limited circuit and voltage lifting circuit
Square wave change-over circuit and chip 74LS04 circuit, to single-chip microcomputer, thus measure frequency and power-factor angle, enterprising in liquid crystal display
Row display；With button, power-factor angle and conduction time are modified, liquid crystal display can show in real time, then send combined floodgate
Order, to control execution circuit, in the time through certain power-factor angle, is consisted of MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer
Drive circuit and bidirectional triode thyristor are connected to form on-off switch, execute reclosing command by key command, until breaker breaks
Separated when opening or reach set.
What embodiment illustrated in fig. 3 showed is the composition of the second order bandwidth-limited circuit of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention.Band
The design of bandpass filter circuit makes instantaneous protection tester of the present invention have band-pass filtering function.This bandwidth-limited circuit adopts
CA3140 high precision operating amplifier, adds decoupling by amplifier power supply and moves back the energy back that resistance electric capacity to stop circuit.
So that frequency band between 10Hz to 150Hz it is desirable to the capacitance of C103, C104 is accurate enough, error is little.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 4 shows that the same frequency square wave change-over circuit of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention is constituted.This electricity
The effect on road is：Instantaneous protection tester of the present invention, for the ease of measurement frequency and phase angle, needs to convert ac signal
Make square wave, frequency and the detection of phase angle are realized by the capture function of the CCP module of single-chip microcomputer.The operational amplifier of this circuit
Using OP275GP, conversion accuracy is high, and the reaction time is short so that the rectangle wave steepness of output is narrow, and error is little.Connect two below
Reverser ensure that square wave does not have burr and interference.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 5 shows that the voltage of the instantaneous protection tester of the present invention of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention carries
Rise the composition of circuit.The effect of this circuit is：Instantaneous protection tester of the present invention is in order to measure the electric current flowing through electric equipment products
Size, is also needing to be lifted voltage signal so that being input to monolithic after current transformer, bandwidth-limited circuit
Analog signal in machine within the scope of 0-5V, in order to reserve certain surplus capacity, the average voltage of this voltage lifting circuit
In 2.5V about.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 6 shows, the single-chip microcomputer in the control section of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention and each circuit
Power supply directly obtained by AC rectification.AC power passes through rectifier bridge, filter capacitor, power IC
LM317T and LM337T output ± 5V, power reaches more than 5W.LM317T chip and LM337T chip portfolio use can obtain
Stablize adjustable generating positive and negative voltage, stability is good, noise is low and Ripple Suppression is than high.Compared with other Switching Power Supplies, this power supply
Low cost, small volume and power are big, are suitable for the power supply of the control section of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention.Power supply defeated
Go out end equipped with two light emitting diodes, the brightness according to light emitting diode can point out the normal of operating personnel's power supply with
No.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 7 shows the drive circuit that the MOC3021 optocoupler of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention is constituted
Constitute.The effect of this circuit is：Instantaneous protection tester of the present invention realizes the division of system by driving KS bidirectional triode thyristor
Lock, this circuit is the drive circuit driving bidirectional triode thyristor, and the main chip of use is that MOC3021 photoelectricity bidirectional triode thyristor drives
Device.It can control ac high voltage and high current with DC low-voltage and small current.Trigger IGCT with this device, there is knot
Structure is simple, the advantage of low cost and reliable trigger.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 8 shows, have in the single-chip microcomputer of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention operates the overall of software
Flow process is：S1：Start, enter S2；S2：Initialization, enters S3；S3：Frequency detecting simultaneously shows parameters, enters S4；S4：Inspection
Whether measured frequency is normal？If it is not, entering S5, if so, enter S6；S5：Report to the police and show failure cause, return main program, enter
S3；S6：Whether detection button is pressed？If it is not, return main program, enter S3, if so, enter S7；S7：If key 1 is pressed, set ginseng
Return main program after number, enter S3；If key 2 is pressed, return main program after carrying out phase-angle detection, enter S3；If key 3 is pressed, enter
Return main program after row phase selection, enter S3.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 9 shows, the choosing in the operation software having in the single-chip microcomputer of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention
The flow process of the flow process of phase divide-shut brake subprogram is：S11：Start, enter S12；S12：Initialization, enters S13；S13：Detection voltage
Zero crossing, enters S14；S14：Time delay T1, enters S15；S15：Close a floodgate, enter S16；S16：Timing T2, enters S17；S17：Inspection
Whether survey time T is more than T2, if it is not, entering S18, if so, enters S19；S18：Detection current amplitude and timing conduction time T3,
Return S17；S19：Separating brake simultaneously shows measured value, returns.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 10 shows, the inspection in the operation software having in the single-chip microcomputer of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention
Survey Power Systems factor silver coin program flow process be：Beginning → initialization → detection voltage zero crossing → Open Timer device 0 →
Detection current zero-crossing point → pass timer 0 → reading timer timing → display phase angle → return.
Embodiment 1
The instantaneous protection tester of the present embodiment, is made up of control section and executable portion, and wherein, control section includes list
Piece mechanical, electrical pressure transformer, current transformer, second order bandwidth-limited circuit, with frequency square wave change-over circuit, voltage lifting circuit,
Button, LCD display and chip 74LS04 circuit, wherein, the operational amplifier of described same frequency square wave change-over circuit uses
OP275GP, described second order bandwidth-limited circuit adopts CA3140 high precision operating amplifier, adds decoupling by amplifier power supply
Hinder the energy back that electric capacity to stop circuit with moving back；Executable portion include MOC3021 optocoupler composition drive circuit and two-way can
Control silicon；The connected mode of above-mentioned part is to be connected with voltage lifting circuit and chip 74LS04 circuit respectively by single-chip microcomputer, core
Piece 74LS04 circuit is connected with same frequency square wave change-over circuit again, voltage lifting circuit and with frequency square wave change-over circuit respectively with
Two-way second order bandwidth-limited circuit is connected, and two-way second order bandwidth-limited circuit is again mutual with voltage transformer and electric current respectively in addition
Sensor is connected, and is consequently formed voltage, electric current and frequency collection circuit, the driving being consisted of single-chip microcomputer MOC3021 optocoupler
Circuit and bidirectional triode thyristor are connected to form on-off switch, are connected to form man-machine interaction by single-chip microcomputer with LCD display and button
Module；
Wherein, applied voltage transformer obtains sampled voltage with IC method, and institute's Current Transformer IC method obtains sampling electricity
Stream；The composition of second order bandwidth-limited circuit used is as shown in Figure 3；Composition with frequency square wave change-over circuit is as shown in Figure 4；Voltage
The composition of lifting circuit is as shown in Figure 5；The composition of the drive circuit that MOC3021 optocoupler is constituted is as shown in Figure 7；In control section
The composition of the power supply circuit of single-chip microcomputer and each circuit is as shown in Figure 6；This instantaneous protection tester has Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and Tu
Operation software flow shown in 10；Model OCMJ48C-3 of LCD display used, is a kind of liquid crystal display with character library
Device.This instantaneous protection tester external power supply is single-chip microcomputer therein and other circuit are powered and provided required electric power.
The operation method of the instantaneous protection tester of the present embodiment, it realizes the process of instantaneous protection is：Voltage transformer
Summation current transformer is by the voltage signal of the power system detecting respectively and current signal through second order bandwidth-limited circuit, with frequency
Square wave change-over circuit and chip 74LS04 circuit are input to single-chip microcomputer signal and catch port, by catching voltage signal and electricity
The zero crossing time difference measurements of stream signal go out frequency and the power-factor angle of power system, and the data recording is saved in single-chip microcomputer
Show in EEPROM and by liquid crystal display；Single-chip microcomputer before execution divide-shut brake can setting power factor angle and conduction time big
Little, and after power-off reset, data will not be lost；The drive circuit being made up of by MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer with two-way can
Control silicon is connected to form on-off switch, executes reclosing command by key command, and making process includes：Detectable voltage signals zero
Point, the time of one power-factor angle of time delay closes a floodgate, and the A/D conversion passing through 10 precision in single-chip microcomputer after combined floodgate is examined in real time
Survey current signal, until breaker disconnects or reach the conduction time value of setting, last separating brake and calculate electric current peak value,
Virtual value and the conduction time of breaker, measured value is shown on liquid crystal display；User by the button on control section Lai
Complete the setting of power-factor angle；By real-time monitoring, determine has button immediately to press to single-chip microcomputer, and the button according to immediately pressing refers to
Order carries out function execution；Single-chip microcomputer is by the threshold value phase of the frequency values of the system power supply of current time and the supply frequency of described setting
Relatively, determine current time system power supply frequency values without departing from setting value scope, that is, power supply is without exception.
In the operation method of above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester, the working method of more specific part is as follows：
Voltage transformer by the power system voltage detecting pass through second order bandwidth-limited circuit after through voltage increase
It is input to single-chip simulation input port RA0 after circuit, after same frequency square wave change-over circuit, be input to one-chip machine port
CCP1.Current transformer by the power system detecting electric current pass through second order bandwidth-limited circuit after through overvoltage lifting circuit
After be input to single-chip simulation input port RA1, be input to one-chip machine port CCP2 after same frequency square wave change-over circuit.
Single-chip microcomputer does following process to the voltage signal of input：(1) single-chip microcomputer utilizes the times such as its A/D modular converter employing
Interval collection analog voltage signal, carry out the dis-crete sample values that A/D is converted to some sequences, then application root mean square algorithm from
The sampled value of these sequences is equivalent to the virtual value of input voltage signal to obtain；(2) utilize the seizure work(of single-chip microcomputer CCP module
Can, by the electric voltage frequency of the zero crossing measuring system of the method real-time detection voltage of interruption, with the current zero-crossing point detecting
Cooperation completes the measurement of power-factor angle.
Single-chip microcomputer does following process to the current signal of input：(1) single-chip microcomputer utilizes the times such as its A/D modular converter employing
Interval collection analog current signal, compare current acquisition digital quantity in real time and preserve maximum, until electric equipment products disconnect or
Separating brake.(2) utilize the capture function of single-chip microcomputer CCP module, the zero crossing of the method real-time detection electric current by interrupting, with detection
To voltage over zero cooperation complete the measurement of power-factor angle.
The function of realizing in the instantaneous protection tester running of the present embodiment has：Parameter setting, frequency and power because
The detection of number angle and option principle.
The realization of parameter setting function is：By four buttons setting power factor angle, conduction time and frequency respectively
Threshold value and being saved in single-chip microcomputer EEPROM.
Frequency and power-factor angle detection realization be：Initialization CCP1 simultaneously opens interruption, when first of voltage rectangular ripple
After rising edge arrives, Open Timer device 0 simultaneously enables interruption, and timer 0 often produces an interrupt flag bit and automatically Jia 1, works as voltage
After the 6th rising edge of square wave arrives, read TMR1H：The value of TMR1L, and it is multiplied by mark plus timer 0 timing cycle
The value of position, is averaged by five cycles of measurement and obtains accurate electric voltage frequency；Initialization CCP1, CCP2 simultaneously opens interruption, when
After first rising edge of voltage rectangular ripple arrives, Open Timer device 0 simultaneously enables interruption, and timer 0 often produces and once interrupts mark
Will position Jia 1 automatically, after first rising edge of electric current square wave arrives, reads TMR1H：The value of TMR1L, and add timer
0 timing cycle is multiplied by the value of flag bit, obtains power factor angle value.
The realization of option principle is：The power-factor angle being saved in single-chip microcomputer EEPROM is converted into time T1, just
Beginningization CCP1 simultaneously opens interruption, and after first rising edge of voltage rectangular ripple arrives, Open Timer device 0 sets timing T1,
Timing T1To closing a floodgate, close timer 0；Open Timer device 0 set timing T again after combined floodgate2, then detection appearance
The time started of electric current, Open Timer device 1 simultaneously initializes AD conversion module, real-time detection current value and electric current by the time,
Record the dirty current peak crossing electrical equipment and conduction time T afterwards3；Timing T2To separating brake, if T3=T2Aobvious on liquid crystal display
Show electric equipment products fault attonity, if T3<T2Flow through current peak, virtual value and the energising of electrical equipment in liquid crystal screen display
Time T3.
Embodiment 2
The tester simultaneous embodiment of instantaneous protection used by the present embodiment 1.
The operation method of the instantaneous protection tester of the present embodiment, it realizes the process of instantaneous protection is：Voltage transformer
Summation current transformer is by the voltage signal of the power system detecting respectively and current signal through second order bandwidth-limited circuit, with frequency
Square wave change-over circuit and chip 74LS04 circuit are input to single-chip microcomputer signal and catch port, by catching voltage signal and electricity
The zero crossing time difference measurements of stream signal go out frequency and the power-factor angle of power system, and the data recording is saved in single-chip microcomputer
Show in EEPROM and by liquid crystal display；Single-chip microcomputer before execution divide-shut brake can setting power factor angle and conduction time big
Little, and after power-off reset, data will not be lost；The drive circuit being made up of by MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer with two-way can
Control silicon is connected to form on-off switch, executes reclosing command by key command, and making process includes：Detectable voltage signals zero
Point, the time of one power-factor angle of time delay closes a floodgate, and the A/D conversion passing through 10 precision in single-chip microcomputer after combined floodgate is examined in real time
Survey current signal, until breaker disconnects or reach the conduction time value of setting, last separating brake and calculate electric current peak value,
Virtual value and the conduction time of breaker, measured value is shown on liquid crystal display；User by the button on control section Lai
Complete the mensure of power-factor angle；Real-time monitoring is determined do not have button immediately to press by single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer then cycle detection electricity
Voltage-frequency rate；The frequency values of the system power supply of current time are compared by single-chip microcomputer with the threshold value of the supply frequency of described setting, really
Determine current time system power supply frequency values beyond setting value scope, that is, power supply occur abnormal, single-chip microcomputer sends power supply
Failure warning, reminds operating personnel.
Other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
The tester simultaneous embodiment of instantaneous protection used by the present embodiment 1.
The operation method of instantaneous protection tester used by the present embodiment, it realizes the process of instantaneous protection is：Mutual induction of voltage
Device summation current transformer by the voltage signal of the power system detecting respectively and current signal through second order bandwidth-limited circuit, with
Frequency square wave change-over circuit and chip 74LS04 circuit are input to single-chip microcomputer signal and catch port, by catch voltage signal and
The zero crossing time difference measurements of current signal go out frequency and the power-factor angle of power system, and the data recording is saved in single-chip microcomputer
Show in EEPROM and by liquid crystal display；Single-chip microcomputer before execution divide-shut brake can setting power factor angle and conduction time big
Little, and after power-off reset, data will not be lost；The drive circuit being made up of by MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer with two-way can
Control silicon is connected to form on-off switch, executes reclosing command by key command, and making process includes：Detectable voltage signals zero
Point, the time of one power-factor angle of time delay closes a floodgate, and the A/D conversion passing through 10 precision in single-chip microcomputer after combined floodgate is examined in real time
Survey current signal, until breaker disconnects or reach the conduction time value of setting, last separating brake and calculate electric current peak value,
Virtual value and the conduction time of breaker, measured value is shown on liquid crystal display；User by the button on control section Lai
Complete the threshold value of setting power factor angle, the size of conduction time and supply frequency；Real-time monitoring is determined do not have by single-chip microcomputer
Button is pressed immediately, single-chip microcomputer then cycle detection electric voltage frequency；Single-chip microcomputer is by the frequency values of the system power supply of current time and institute
The threshold value stating the supply frequency of setting compares, determine current time system power supply frequency values beyond setting value model
Enclose, that is, power supply occurs extremely, single-chip microcomputer sends power failure warning, reminds operating personnel.
Other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
The tester simultaneous embodiment of instantaneous protection used by the present embodiment 1.
The operation method of instantaneous protection tester used by the present embodiment, it realizes the process of instantaneous protection is：Mutual induction of voltage
Device summation current transformer by the voltage signal of the power system detecting respectively and current signal through second order bandwidth-limited circuit, with
Frequency square wave change-over circuit and chip 74LS04 circuit are input to single-chip microcomputer signal and catch port, by catch voltage signal and
The zero crossing time difference measurements of current signal go out frequency and the power-factor angle of power system, and the data recording is saved in single-chip microcomputer
Show in EEPROM and by liquid crystal display；Single-chip microcomputer before execution divide-shut brake can setting power factor angle and conduction time big
Little, and after power-off reset, data will not be lost；The drive circuit being made up of by MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer with two-way can
Control silicon is connected to form on-off switch, executes reclosing command by key command, and making process includes：Detectable voltage signals zero
Point, the time of one power-factor angle of time delay closes a floodgate, and the A/D conversion passing through 10 precision in single-chip microcomputer after combined floodgate is examined in real time
Survey current signal, until breaker disconnects or reach the conduction time value of setting, last separating brake and calculate electric current peak value,
Virtual value and the conduction time of breaker, measured value is shown on liquid crystal display；User by the button on control section Lai
Complete the threshold value of setting power factor angle, the size of conduction time and supply frequency；Single-chip microcomputer by real-time monitoring, determine have by
Key is pressed immediately, carries out parameter setting according to the key command immediately pressed；Single-chip microcomputer is by the frequency of the system power supply of current time
, compared with the threshold value of the supply frequency of described setting, the frequency values of system power supply determining current time are without departing from setting for rate value
The scope of definite value, that is, power supply is without exception.
Other are with embodiment 1.
In above-mentioned all embodiments, wherein involved parts are all known to those skilled in the art and can
Method of attachment with commercially available, involved components and parts and circuit is known to those skilled in the art, institute
It is the breaker with overcurrent trip with breaker.
Claims (2)
1. instantaneous protection tester it is characterised in that：It is made up of control section and executable portion, wherein, control section includes list
Piece mechanical, electrical pressure transformer, current transformer, second order bandwidth-limited circuit, with frequency square wave change-over circuit, voltage lifting circuit,
Button, LCD display and chip 74LS04 circuit, wherein, the operational amplifier of described same frequency square wave change-over circuit uses
OP275GP, described second order bandwidth-limited circuit adopts CA3140 high precision operating amplifier, adds decoupling by amplifier power supply
Hinder the energy back that electric capacity to stop circuit with moving back；Executable portion include MOC3021 optocoupler composition drive circuit and two-way can
Control silicon；The connected mode of above-mentioned part is to be connected with voltage lifting circuit and chip 74LS04 circuit respectively by single-chip microcomputer, core
Piece 74LS04 circuit is connected with same frequency square wave change-over circuit again, voltage lifting circuit and with frequency square wave change-over circuit respectively with
Two-way second order bandwidth-limited circuit is connected, and two-way second order bandwidth-limited circuit is again mutual with voltage transformer and electric current respectively in addition
Sensor is connected, and is consequently formed voltage, electric current and frequency collection circuit, the driving being consisted of single-chip microcomputer MOC3021 optocoupler
Circuit and bidirectional triode thyristor are connected to form on-off switch, are connected to form man-machine interaction by single-chip microcomputer with LCD display and button
Module；
Have in the single-chip microcomputer of above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester operation software overall procedure be：
S1：Start, enter S2；S2：Initialization, enters S3；S3：Frequency detecting simultaneously shows parameters, enters S4；S4：Detection
Whether frequency is normal？If it is not, entering S5, if so, enter S6；S5：Report to the police and show failure cause, return main program, enter S3；
S6：Whether detection button is pressed？If it is not, return main program, enter S3, if so, enter S7；S7：If key 1 is pressed, setup parameter
Return main program afterwards, enter S3；If key 2 is pressed, return main program after carrying out phase-angle detection, enter S3；If key 3 is pressed, carry out
Return main program after phase selection, enter S3；
The flow process of option principle subprogram in the operation software having in the single-chip microcomputer of above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester is：
S11：Start, enter S12；S12：Initialization, enters S13；S13：Detection voltage zero crossing, enters S14；S14：Time delay
T1, enters S15；S15：Close a floodgate, enter S16；S16：Timing T2, enters S17；S17：Whether detection time T is more than T2, if it is not,
Enter S18, if so, enter S19；S18：Detection current amplitude and timing conduction time T3, return S17；S19：Separating brake simultaneously shows
Measured value, returns；
Have in the single-chip microcomputer of above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester operation software measurement power-factor angle subprogram flow process be：
0 → detection current zero-crossing point → pass timer 0 → the reading of beginning → initialization → detection voltage zero crossing → Open Timer device
Timer timing → display phase angle → return.
2. instantaneous protection tester described in claim 1 operation method it is characterised in that：It realizes the process of instantaneous protection
It is：Voltage transformer summation current transformer is by the voltage signal of the power system detecting respectively and current signal through second order band logical
Filter circuit, be input to frequency square wave change-over circuit and chip 74LS04 circuit single-chip microcomputer signal catch port, by catching
The zero crossing time difference measurements catching voltage signal and current signal go out frequency and the power-factor angle of power system, by the data recording
It is saved in single-chip microcomputer EEPROM and shown by liquid crystal display；Single-chip microcomputer execution divide-shut brake before can setting power factor angle and
The size of conduction time, and after power-off reset, data will not be lost；The driving being made up of by MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer
Circuit and bidirectional triode thyristor are connected to form on-off switch, execute reclosing command by key command, and making process includes：Detection
Voltage signal zero point, the time of one power-factor angle of time delay closes a floodgate, and is turned by the A/D of 10 precision in single-chip microcomputer after combined floodgate
Change sensed current signal in real time, until breaker disconnects or reaches the conduction time value of setting, last separating brake simultaneously calculates
The conduction time of the peak value of electric current, virtual value and breaker, measured value is shown on liquid crystal display；User passes through control section
On button completing the mensure of power-factor angle and the threshold of setting power factor angle, the size of conduction time and supply frequency
Value；Whether real-time monitoring is had button immediately to press by single-chip microcomputer, if having, the key command according to immediately pressing enters line parameter and sets
Fixed or function executes；If not having button immediately to press, single-chip microcomputer then cycle detection electric voltage frequency；Current time is by single-chip microcomputer
The frequency values of system power supply are compared with the threshold value of the supply frequency of described setting, if the frequency values of the system power supply of current time surpass
Go out the scope of setting value, that is, power supply occurs extremely, single-chip microcomputer sends power failure warning, reminds operating personnel.
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| JP2017009774A (en) * | 2015-06-22 | 2017-01-12 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Image forming apparatus |
| CN109387241A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-02-26 | 昆山明宽环保节能科技有限公司 | A kind of automation tracking feedback method based on measuring instrument |
| CN109669070A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-04-23 | 中电和瑞科技有限公司 | A kind of frequency measurement method and frequency measurement circuit |
| CN111884233B (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2024-01-30 | 武汉理工大学 | Overcurrent and overvoltage suppression system for parallel capacitor |
| CN112269056B (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2024-04-12 | 许继电气股份有限公司 | Hardware frequency measurement circuit of high-voltage variable-frequency relay protection device |
| TWI770638B (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2022-07-11 | 佳得股份有限公司 | A mobile communication low-latency distributed power system auxiliary service device and method |
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| US3262017A (en) * | 1962-11-01 | 1966-07-19 | Allis Chalmers Mfg Co | Static overcurrent tripping device |
| CN2045154U (en) * | 1988-11-22 | 1989-09-27 | 溧阳县清安五金电器厂 | Integrated-circuit protective device for air conditioner |
| CN2757402Y (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2006-02-08 | 河北工业大学 | Leakage abrupt active breaker without dead area |
| CN100356651C (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2007-12-19 | 河北工业大学 | Automatic tracking protector for earth leakage and operation method thereof |
| CN100368819C (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2008-02-13 | 河北工业大学 | Reliability tester for electric leakage protector |
| TW201210161A (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2012-03-01 | Yeou Jenq Electric Co Ltd | Programmable electric circuit control apparatus |
| CN102353895B (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2013-05-08 | 河北工业大学 | Low voltage breaker life automatic test apparatus |
| CN202888791U (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-04-17 | 浙江方大智控科技有限公司 | Load controller based on zero-cross starting overvoltage protection |
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