CN103913659A - Instantaneous protection tester and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Instantaneous protection tester and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an instantaneous protection tester and an operation method of the instantaneous protection tester, and relates to an emergency protection circuit device used for limiting the over-current or the overvoltage without cutting off a circuit. The tester is composed of a control portion and an execution portion, wherein the control portion comprises a single-chip microcomputer, a voltage transformer, a current transformer, second-order band-pass filtering circuits, common frequency rectangular wave conversion circuits, a voltage boosting circuit, a key, an LCD display and chip 74LS04 circuits. The execution portion comprises a drive circuit composed of an MOC3021 optical coupler and a double-direction silicon controlled rectifier. The frequency of the voltage of the electric system and the power factor angle of the electric system can be directly and automatically detected, phase selection switch-on and switch-off can be achieved for the system, after the electric system is switched on, the magnitude of the current passing through an electric appliance product and the time when the current passes through the electric appliance product are detected in real time, display is conducted through a human-computer interaction interface, and meanwhile the backup protection function, namely, the timed switch-off function, is achieved.
Description
Technical field
Technical scheme of the present invention relates to the emergency protection circuit device for electric that does not cut off circuit for limiting excess current or superpotential, specifically instantaneous protection tester and operation method thereof.
Background technology
In electric system, the operation of switchgear can produce the Transient Electromagnetic Phenomena that may jeopardize the normal operation of power equipment, such as superpotential and excess current etc., its order of severity normal during with switch divide-shut brake the phase angle of voltage or electric current relevant.Therefore as far back as the seventies, people's phase selection divide-shut brake technology that just begins one's study, how by controlling divide-shut brake phase angle to reduce and even to eliminate this phenomenon.CN201789337U discloses a kind of phase selection divide-shut brake control device, comprise CPU module, ac analog input plug-in unit, the input of switching value transducer signal plug-in unit, power module and switching value output inserter, the defect that this utility model technology exists is, current sample low precision, poor anti jamming capability.In addition, in the instantaneous protection testing experiment of prior art, there is malfunction, measuring accuracy is low, human-computer interaction function is poor shortcoming.In addition the arguement of existing phase selection divide-shut brake technology is also continued until to the present, bone of contention is that it is in the feasibility of economy and technology and the reliability of product.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: instantaneous protection tester and operation method thereof are provided; form control section taking single-chip microcomputer as core; can directly automatically detect the frequency of power system voltage and the power-factor angle of electric system; realize the phase selection divide-shut brake to system; after electric system is closed a floodgate; detect in real time size by electric equipment products electric current and electric current by the time of electric equipment products; and show by human-computer interaction interface; there is the function of back-up protection, i.e. the function of timing separating brake simultaneously.
The present invention solves this technical problem adopted technical scheme: instantaneous protection tester, formed by control section and operating part, wherein, control section comprises by single-chip microcomputer, voltage transformer (VT), current transformer, second order bandwidth-limited circuit, forms with frequency square wave change-over circuit, voltage lifting circuit, button, LCD display and chip 74LS04 circuit, operating part comprises driving circuit and the bidirectional triode thyristor that MOC3021 optocoupler forms, the connected mode of above-mentioned parts is, be connected with chip 74LS04 circuit with voltage lifting circuit respectively by single-chip microcomputer, chip 74LS04 circuit is connected again with frequency square wave change-over circuit, voltage lifting circuit is connected with two-way second order bandwidth-limited circuit respectively with same square wave change-over circuit frequently, in addition two-way second order bandwidth-limited circuit is connected with voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer respectively again, form thus voltage, electric current and frequency collection circuit, the driving circuit and the bidirectional triode thyristor that consist of MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer are connected to form on-off switch, be connected to form human-computer interaction module by single-chip microcomputer and LCD display and button.
Above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester, applied voltage mutual inductor obtains sampled voltage by IC method, and institute's Current Transformer obtains sample rate current by IC method.
Above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester, has function software in described single-chip microcomputer, and its overall procedure is:
key 3 is pressed: phase selection → return master routine.
Above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester, has function software in described single-chip microcomputer, and the flow process of its phase selection divide-shut brake subroutine is:
Above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester; in described single-chip microcomputer, have function software, it is measured subroutine flow process of power-factor angle and is: beginning → initialization → detection voltage over zero → Open Timer device 0 → detection current zero-crossing point → pass timer 0 → read timer timing → demonstration phase angle → return.
Above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester, the single-chip microcomputer in described control section and the power supply of each circuit obtain by 220V AC rectification, realization ± 5V power supply, power can reach 5W.
Above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester, wherein related parts are all that those skilled in the art know and can be commercially available, related components and parts and the method for attachment of circuit are that those skilled in the art are known.
The operation method of above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester, its process that realizes instantaneous protection is: voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer is input to single-chip microcomputer signal capture port by the voltage signal of the electric system detecting respectively and current signal through second order bandwidth-limited circuit, same square wave change-over circuit frequently and chip 74LS04 circuit, go out frequency and the power-factor angle of electric system by the time difference measurements at zero point that catches voltage signal and current signal, the data that record are saved in single-chip microcomputer EEPROM and by liquid crystal display and are shown; Single-chip microcomputer is meeting setting power factor angle and the size of conduction time before carrying out divide-shut brake, and data can not be lost after power-off reset; The driving circuit and the bidirectional triode thyristor that consist of MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer are connected to form on-off switch, carry out reclosing command by key command, making process comprises: detectable voltage signals zero point, the time of a power-factor angle of time delay closes a floodgate, after closing a floodgate, change sensed current signal in real time by the A/D of 10 precision in single-chip microcomputer, until isolating switch disconnects or reaches value conduction time of setting, last separating brake also calculates conduction time of peak value, effective value and the isolating switch of electric current, and measured value is presented on liquid crystal display; User completes mensuration and setting power factor angle, the size of conduction time and the threshold value of supply frequency of power-factor angle by the button on control section; Whether single-chip microcomputer has button immediately to press Real-Time Monitoring, if having, carries out setting parameter or function execution according to the key command of immediately pressing; If do not have button immediately to press, single-chip microcomputer is cycle detection electric voltage frequency; Single-chip microcomputer is compared the frequency values of the system power supply of current time with above-mentioned predefined frequency values, if the frequency values of the system power supply of current time has exceeded the scope of setting value, be that power supply occurs abnormal, single-chip microcomputer sends power fail warning, reminds operating personnel.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: compared with prior art outstanding substantive distinguishing features of the present invention is:
(1) the disclosed a kind of phase selection divide-shut brake control device of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention and CN201789337U has substantial difference: 1. the disclosed phase selection divide-shut brake of CN201789337U control device only has phase-controlled function, and instantaneous protection tester of the present invention is except having phase-controlled function, be mainly to realize wink dynamic test electric current and the detection of actuation time, can set the parameter such as closing phase angle, turn-off time; 2. the microprocessor of the disclosed phase selection divide-shut brake of CN201789337U control device is CPU module, the microprocessor of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention is PIC16 series monolithic, instantaneous protection tester of the present invention forms control section taking this single-chip microcomputer as core, can directly automatically detect the frequency of power system voltage and the power-factor angle of electric system, realize the phase selection divide-shut brake to electric system; 3. in circuit design, both are also completely different, and CN201789337U does not have filtering circuit, and antijamming capability is poor, and in the present invention, second order bandwidth-limited circuit can play good Anti-Jamming.The current sample low precision of CN201789337U, in the present invention, 10 of single-chip microcomputer precision A/D change sensed current signal in real time, have greatly improved the precision of electric current.In instantaneous protection tester of the present invention, bandwidth-limited circuit used is second order bandwidth-limited circuit, and direct current signal, the AC signal below 20Hz and AC signal more than 150Hz are had to good inhibiting effect; Rectangle wave steepness with frequency square wave change-over circuit used, in 10 μ s, is reduced to below 100 μ s the frequency of collection and the error of phase angle.
(2) in instantaneous protection tester of the present invention, applied voltage mutual inductor summation current transformer obtains respectively sampled voltage signal and current signal by IC method.
(3) instantaneous protection tester of the present invention and operation method thereof have software reset's function of electric power system fault warning and anti-locking system " race flies ".
Beneficial effect of the present invention, compared with prior art marked improvement of the present invention is as follows:
(1) instantaneous protection tester of the present invention and operation method thereof, had both detected frequency and the power-factor angle of electric system, can also weaken the impact of even eliminating transient state electromagnetism, and actuation time and electrical current to electric equipment products detect in real time.
(2) instantaneous protection tester of the present invention is taking single-chip microcomputer as core; LCD is with Chinese display backlight; touch key operation; can be to following parameter control by the button user on control section: power-factor angle, conduction time and frequency threshold are set; and directly from liquid crystal display, can see setting result, be convenient for people to the monitoring to system.
(3) instantaneous protection tester of the present invention and operation method thereof form control section taking single-chip microcomputer as core, and directly frequency and the accurate power-factor angle of electric system of automatic checkout system voltage, can realize the phase selection divide-shut brake to system.After electric system is closed a floodgate, detect in real time size of current by electric equipment products and electric current by the time of electric equipment products, and show by human-computer interaction interface.Control section is accomplished the function of back-up protection, i.e. the function of timing separating brake.Software function has realized the free setting to power-factor angle and conduction time.Thereby the wink that has overcome prior art malfunction in dynamic test, measuring accuracy is low, the shortcoming that human-computer interaction function is poor.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is instantaneous protection tester composition frame chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is instantaneous protection tester operation method process schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the second order bandwidth-limited circuit principle of compositionality figure of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the same frequency square wave change-over circuit principle of compositionality figure of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the voltage lifting circuit principle of compositionality figure of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is single-chip microcomputer in the control section of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention and the power supply circuit schematic diagram of each circuit.
Fig. 7 is the principle of compositionality figure of the driving circuit of the MOC3021 optocoupler formation of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the overview flow chart of the function software that has in the single-chip microcomputer of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the process flow diagram of the phase selection divide-shut brake subroutine in the function software having in the single-chip microcomputer of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the process flow diagram of the detection Power Systems factor silver coin program in the function software having in the single-chip microcomputer of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 showing, instantaneous protection tester of the present invention is made up of control section and operating part, wherein, control section comprises by single-chip microcomputer, voltage transformer (VT), current transformer, bandwidth-limited circuit, forms with frequency square wave change-over circuit, voltage lifting circuit, button, LCD display and chip 74LS04 circuit; Operating part comprises driving circuit and the bidirectional triode thyristor that MOC3021 optocoupler forms; As shown in the arrow in figure, the driving circuit and the bidirectional triode thyristor that consist of MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer are connected to form on-off switch.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 showing, instantaneous protection tester operation method process of the present invention is: voltage signal is through voltage transformer (VT), second order bandwidth-limited circuit and voltage lifting circuit are to single-chip microcomputer, current signal passes through current transformer successively, second order bandwidth-limited circuit and voltage lifting circuit are to single-chip microcomputer, second order bandwidth-limited circuit connects respectively again same square wave change-over circuit frequently and chip 74LS04 circuit successively to single-chip microcomputer, alternating current 220V passes through bridge rectifier successively, filtering circuit and LM317 and LM337 power IC are to single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer connects driving circuit and the bidirectional triode thyristor that MOC3021 optocoupler forms, single-chip microcomputer is connected with liquid crystal display and button respectively again, voltage signal and current signal pass through respectively voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer, second order bandwidth-limited circuit and voltage lifting circuit to single-chip microcomputer, second order bandwidth-limited circuit connects respectively again same square wave change-over circuit frequently and chip 74LS04 circuit successively to single-chip microcomputer, measure thus frequency and power-factor angle, on liquid crystal display, show, power-factor angle and conduction time are modified with button, liquid crystal display can show in real time, then send the order of closing a floodgate to control executive circuit, in the time of the power-factor angle through certain, the driving circuit and the bidirectional triode thyristor that consist of MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer are connected to form on-off switch, carry out reclosing command by key command, until isolating switch disconnect or reach set time separated.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 3 showing, the formation of the second order bandwidth-limited circuit of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention is that the design of bandwidth-limited circuit makes instantaneous protection tester of the present invention have band-pass filtering function.This bandwidth-limited circuit adopts CA3140 high precision operating amplifier, adds decoupling and move back resistance electric capacity the energy back of carrying out resistance circuit on amplifier power supply side.For make frequency band at 10Hz between 150Hz, require the capacitance of C103, C104 enough accurate, error is little.
The same frequency square wave change-over circuit that has shown instantaneous protection tester of the present invention embodiment illustrated in fig. 4 forms.The effect of this circuit is: instantaneous protection tester of the present invention is for the ease of survey frequency and phase angle, ac signal need to be transformed and make square wave, and the capture function of the CCP module by single-chip microcomputer is realized the detection of frequency and phase angle.The operational amplifier of this circuit uses OP275GP, and conversion accuracy is high, and the reaction time is short, makes the square wave steepness of output narrow, and error is little.Two reversers of connecting have below ensured that square wave does not have burr and interference.
The formation of the voltage lifting circuit of the instantaneous protection tester of the present invention that has shown instantaneous protection tester of the present invention embodiment illustrated in fig. 5.The effect of this circuit is: instantaneous protection tester of the present invention is in order to measure the size of current that flows through electric equipment products; after through current transformer, bandwidth-limited circuit, also need voltage signal to promote; make to be input to simulating signal in single-chip microcomputer within 0-5V scope; in order to reserve certain surplus capacity, the average voltage of this voltage lifting circuit is in 2.5V left and right.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 6 showing, the single-chip microcomputer in the control section of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention and the power supply of each circuit directly obtain by AC rectification.AC power is by rectifier bridge, filter capacitor, power IC LM317T and LM337T output ± 5V, more than power arrives 5W.LM317T chip and LM337T chip portfolio use can obtain stablizing adjustable generating positive and negative voltage, stability is good, noise is low and Ripple Suppression than high.Compared with other Switching Power Supplies, this power supply cost is low, volume is little and power is large, is suitable for the power supply of the control section of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention.The output terminal of power supply is equipped with two light emitting diodes, can alert power supply according to the brightness of light emitting diode normally whether.
The formation of the driving circuit of the MOC3021 optocoupler formation that has shown instantaneous protection tester of the present invention embodiment illustrated in fig. 7.The effect of this circuit is: instantaneous protection tester of the present invention is by driving KS bidirectional triode thyristor to realize the divide-shut brake of system, and this circuit is the driving circuit that drives bidirectional triode thyristor, and the main chip of use is MOC3021 photoelectricity bidirectional triode thyristor driver.It can control ac high voltage and large electric current with DC low-voltage and little electric current.Trigger thyristor with this device, have advantages of simple in structure, cost is low and reliable trigger.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 8 showing, the overall procedure of the function software having in the single-chip microcomputer of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention is:
key 2 is pressed: phase-angle detection → return master routine; Key 3 is pressed: the main journey of phase selection → return
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 9 showing, the flow process of the flow process of the phase selection divide-shut brake subroutine in the function software having in the single-chip microcomputer of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention is:
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 10 showing, the flow process of the detection Power Systems factor silver coin program in the function software having in the single-chip microcomputer of instantaneous protection tester of the present invention is: beginning → initialization → detection voltage over zero → Open Timer device 0 → detection current zero-crossing point → pass timer 0 → read timer timing → demonstration phase angle → return.
Embodiment 1
The instantaneous protection tester of the present embodiment, formed by control section and operating part, wherein, control section comprises by single-chip microcomputer, voltage transformer (VT), current transformer, second order bandwidth-limited circuit, forms with frequency square wave change-over circuit, voltage lifting circuit, button, LCD display and chip 74LS04 circuit, operating part comprises driving circuit and the bidirectional triode thyristor that MOC3021 optocoupler forms, the connected mode of above-mentioned parts is, be connected with chip 74LS04 circuit with voltage lifting circuit respectively by single-chip microcomputer, chip 74LS04 circuit is connected again with frequency square wave change-over circuit, voltage lifting circuit is connected with second order bandwidth-limited circuit respectively with same square wave change-over circuit frequently, in addition second order bandwidth-limited circuit is connected with voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer respectively again, form thus voltage, electric current and frequency collection circuit, the driving circuit and the bidirectional triode thyristor that consist of MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer are connected to form on-off switch, be connected to form human-computer interaction module by single-chip microcomputer and LCD display and button.Wherein, applied voltage mutual inductor obtains sampled voltage by IC method, and institute's Current Transformer obtains sample rate current by IC method; The formation of second order bandwidth-limited circuit used as shown in Figure 3; The formation of same square wave change-over circuit frequently as shown in Figure 4; The formation of voltage lifting circuit as shown in Figure 5; The formation of the driving circuit that MOC3021 optocoupler forms as shown in Figure 7; The formation of the single-chip microcomputer in control section and the power supply circuit of each circuit as shown in Figure 6; The function software that deposits single-chip microcomputer in has the function software flow process shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and Figure 10; The model of LCD display used is OCMJ48C-3, is a kind of liquid crystal display with character library.This instantaneous protection tester provides needed electric power with external power supply for single-chip microcomputer wherein and other circuit supplies.
The operation method of the instantaneous protection tester of the present embodiment, its process that realizes instantaneous protection is: voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer is input to single-chip microcomputer signal capture port by the voltage signal of the electric system detecting respectively and current signal through second order bandwidth-limited circuit, same square wave change-over circuit frequently and chip 74LS04 circuit, go out frequency and the power-factor angle of electric system by the time difference measurements at zero point that catches voltage signal and current signal, the data that record are saved in single-chip microcomputer EEPROM and by liquid crystal display and are shown; Single-chip microcomputer is meeting setting power factor angle and the size of conduction time before carrying out divide-shut brake, and data can not be lost after power-off reset; The driving circuit and the bidirectional triode thyristor that consist of MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer are connected to form on-off switch, carry out reclosing command by key command, making process comprises: detectable voltage signals zero point, the time of a power-factor angle of time delay closes a floodgate, after closing a floodgate, change sensed current signal in real time by the A/D of 10 precision in single-chip microcomputer, until isolating switch disconnects or reaches value conduction time of setting, last separating brake also calculates conduction time of peak value, effective value and the isolating switch of electric current, and measured value is presented on liquid crystal display; User completes the setting of power-factor angle by the button on control section; Single-chip microcomputer, by Real-Time Monitoring, defines button and immediately presses, and carries out function execution according to the key command of immediately pressing; Single-chip microcomputer is compared the frequency values of the system power supply of current time with above-mentioned predefined frequency values, determine that the frequency values of the system power supply of current time does not exceed the scope of setting value, and power supply is without extremely.
In the operation method of above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester, the working method of more concrete part is as follows:
Voltage transformer (VT) by be input to single-chip simulation input port RA0 after second order bandwidth-limited circuit after voltage lifting circuit, frequently square wave change-over circuit after is input to one-chip machine port CCP1 through same by the power system voltage detecting.Current transformer by be input to single-chip simulation input port RA1 after second order bandwidth-limited circuit after superpotential lifting circuit, frequently square wave change-over circuit after is input to one-chip machine port CCP2 through same by the electric system electric current detecting.
Single-chip microcomputer does following processing to the voltage signal of input: (1) single-chip microcomputer utilizes its A/D modular converter to adopt constant duration to gather analog voltage signal, carry out A/D and be converted to the discrete sampling value of some sequences, then apply root mean square algorithm and obtain the effective value that is equivalent to input voltage signal from the sampled value of these sequences; (2) utilize the capture function of single-chip microcomputer CCP module, detect in real time the electric voltage frequency of the zero crossing measuring system of voltage by the method for interrupting, coordinated the measurement of power-factor angle with the current zero-crossing point detecting.
Single-chip microcomputer does following processing to the current signal of input: (1) single-chip microcomputer utilizes its A/D modular converter to adopt constant duration to gather analog current signal, compare in real time current acquisition digital quantity and preserve maximal value, until electric equipment products disconnect or separating brake.(2) utilize the capture function of single-chip microcomputer CCP module, detect in real time the zero crossing of electric current by the method for interrupting, coordinated the measurement of power-factor angle with the voltage over zero detecting.
The function realizing in the instantaneous protection tester operational process of the present embodiment has: setting parameter, frequency and power-factor angle detect and phase selection divide-shut brake.
The realization of setting parameter function is: by four buttons setting power factor angle, conduction time and frequency threshold and be saved in single-chip microcomputer EEPROM respectively.
The realization that frequency and power-factor angle detect is: initialization CCP1 also opens interruption, after first rising edge of voltage square wave arrives, Open Timer device 0 also enables to interrupt, interrupt flag bit of the every generation of timer 0 adds 1 automatically, after the 6th rising edge of voltage square wave arrives, read the value of TMR1H:TMR1L, and add that timer 0 timing cycle is multiplied by the value of zone bit, average and obtain electric voltage frequency accurately by measuring five cycles; Initialization CCP1, CCP2 also open interruption, after first rising edge of voltage square wave arrives, Open Timer device 0 also enables to interrupt, interrupt flag bit of the every generation of timer 0 adds 1 automatically, after first rising edge of electric current square wave arrives, read the value of TMR1H:TMR1L, and add that timer 0 timing cycle is multiplied by the value of zone bit, obtains power-factor angle value.
The realization of phase selection divide-shut brake is: convert the power-factor angle being kept in single-chip microcomputer EEPROM to time T
1, initialization CCP1 also opens interruption, and after first rising edge of voltage square wave arrives, Open Timer device 0 is set timing T
1, timing T
1to closing a floodgate, close timer 0; Open Timer device 0 set timing T again after closing a floodgate
2, then detect and occur start time of electric current, Open Timer device 1 initialization AD modular converter, detect in real time current value and electric current by the time, finally record flow through electrical equipment current peak and conduction time T
3; Timing T
2to separating brake, if T
3=T
2in liquid crystal screen display electric equipment products fault attonity, if T
3<T
2liquid crystal screen display flow through electrical equipment current peak, effective value and conduction time T
3.
Embodiment 2
The tester simultaneous embodiment 1 of the present embodiment instantaneous protection used.
The operation method of the instantaneous protection tester of the present embodiment, its process that realizes instantaneous protection is: voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer is input to single-chip microcomputer signal capture port by the voltage signal of the electric system detecting respectively and current signal through second order bandwidth-limited circuit, same square wave change-over circuit frequently and chip 74LS04 circuit, go out frequency and the power-factor angle of electric system by the time difference measurements at zero point that catches voltage signal and current signal, the data that record are saved in single-chip microcomputer EEPROM and by liquid crystal display and are shown; Single-chip microcomputer is meeting setting power factor angle and the size of conduction time before carrying out divide-shut brake, and data can not be lost after power-off reset; The driving circuit and the bidirectional triode thyristor that consist of MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer are connected to form on-off switch, carry out reclosing command by key command, making process comprises: detectable voltage signals zero point, the time of a power-factor angle of time delay closes a floodgate, after closing a floodgate, change sensed current signal in real time by the A/D of 10 precision in single-chip microcomputer, until isolating switch disconnects or reaches value conduction time of setting, last separating brake also calculates conduction time of peak value, effective value and the isolating switch of electric current, and measured value is presented on liquid crystal display; User completes the mensuration of power-factor angle by the button on control section; Single-chip microcomputer determines do not have button immediately to press by Real-Time Monitoring, and single-chip microcomputer is cycle detection electric voltage frequency; Single-chip microcomputer is compared the frequency values of the system power supply of current time with above-mentioned predefined frequency values, determine that the frequency values of the system power supply of current time has exceeded the scope of setting value, be that power supply occurs abnormal, single-chip microcomputer sends power fail warning, reminds operating personnel.
Other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
The tester simultaneous embodiment 1 of the present embodiment instantaneous protection used.
The operation method of the present embodiment instantaneous protection tester used, its process that realizes instantaneous protection is: voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer is input to single-chip microcomputer signal capture port by the voltage signal of the electric system detecting respectively and current signal through second order bandwidth-limited circuit, same square wave change-over circuit frequently and chip 74LS04 circuit, go out frequency and the power-factor angle of electric system by the time difference measurements at zero point that catches voltage signal and current signal, the data that record are saved in single-chip microcomputer EEPROM and by liquid crystal display and are shown; Single-chip microcomputer is meeting setting power factor angle and the size of conduction time before carrying out divide-shut brake, and data can not be lost after power-off reset; The driving circuit and the bidirectional triode thyristor that consist of MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer are connected to form on-off switch, carry out reclosing command by key command, making process comprises: detectable voltage signals zero point, the time of a power-factor angle of time delay closes a floodgate, after closing a floodgate, change sensed current signal in real time by the A/D of 10 precision in single-chip microcomputer, until isolating switch disconnects or reaches value conduction time of setting, last separating brake also calculates conduction time of peak value, effective value and the isolating switch of electric current, and measured value is presented on liquid crystal display; User completes setting power factor angle, the size of conduction time and the threshold value of supply frequency by the button on control section; Single-chip microcomputer determines do not have button immediately to press by Real-Time Monitoring, and single-chip microcomputer is cycle detection electric voltage frequency; Single-chip microcomputer is compared the frequency values of the system power supply of current time with above-mentioned predefined frequency values, determine that the frequency values of the system power supply of current time has exceeded the scope of setting value, be that power supply occurs abnormal, single-chip microcomputer sends power fail warning, reminds operating personnel.
Other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
The tester simultaneous embodiment 1 of the present embodiment instantaneous protection used.
The operation method of the present embodiment instantaneous protection tester used, its process that realizes instantaneous protection is: voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer is input to single-chip microcomputer signal capture port by the voltage signal of the electric system detecting respectively and current signal through second order bandwidth-limited circuit, same square wave change-over circuit frequently and chip 74LS04 circuit, go out frequency and the power-factor angle of electric system by the time difference measurements at zero point that catches voltage signal and current signal, the data that record are saved in single-chip microcomputer EEPROM and by liquid crystal display and are shown; Single-chip microcomputer is meeting setting power factor angle and the size of conduction time before carrying out divide-shut brake, and data can not be lost after power-off reset; The driving circuit and the bidirectional triode thyristor that consist of MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer are connected to form on-off switch, carry out reclosing command by key command, making process comprises: detectable voltage signals zero point, the time of a power-factor angle of time delay closes a floodgate, after closing a floodgate, change sensed current signal in real time by the A/D of 10 precision in single-chip microcomputer, until isolating switch disconnects or reaches value conduction time of setting, last separating brake also calculates conduction time of peak value, effective value and the isolating switch of electric current, and measured value is presented on liquid crystal display; User completes setting power factor angle, the size of conduction time and the threshold value of supply frequency by the button on control section; Single-chip microcomputer, by Real-Time Monitoring, defines button and immediately presses, and carries out setting parameter according to the key command of immediately pressing; Single-chip microcomputer is compared the frequency values of the system power supply of current time with above-mentioned predefined frequency values, determine that the frequency values of the system power supply of current time does not exceed the scope of setting value, and power supply is without extremely.
Other are with embodiment 1.
In above-mentioned all embodiment, wherein related parts are all that those skilled in the art know and can be commercially available, related components and parts and the method for attachment of circuit are that those skilled in the art are known, and isolating switch used is the isolating switch with overcurrent trip.
Claims (7)
1. instantaneous protection tester, it is characterized in that: formed by control section and operating part, wherein, control section comprises by single-chip microcomputer, voltage transformer (VT), current transformer, second order bandwidth-limited circuit, forms with frequency square wave change-over circuit, voltage lifting circuit, button, LCD display and chip 74LS04 circuit, operating part comprises driving circuit and the bidirectional triode thyristor that MOC3021 optocoupler forms, the connected mode of above-mentioned parts is, be connected with chip 74LS04 circuit with voltage lifting circuit respectively by single-chip microcomputer, chip 74LS04 circuit is connected again with frequency square wave change-over circuit, voltage lifting circuit is connected with two-way second order bandwidth-limited circuit respectively with same square wave change-over circuit frequently, in addition two-way second order bandwidth-limited circuit is connected with voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer respectively again, form thus voltage, electric current and frequency collection circuit, the driving circuit and the bidirectional triode thyristor that consist of MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer are connected to form on-off switch, be connected to form human-computer interaction module by single-chip microcomputer and LCD display and button.
2. instantaneous protection tester according to claim 1, is characterized in that: applied voltage mutual inductor obtains sampled voltage by IC method, and institute's Current Transformer obtains sample rate current by IC method.
3. instantaneous protection tester according to claim 1, is characterized in that: above-mentioned instantaneous protection tester, in described single-chip microcomputer, there is function software, and its overall procedure is:
key 3 is pressed: phase selection → return master routine.
4. instantaneous protection tester according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described single-chip microcomputer, have function software, the flow process of its phase selection divide-shut brake subroutine is:
5. instantaneous protection tester according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: in described single-chip microcomputer, have function software, its flow process of measuring power-factor angle subroutine is: beginning → initialization → detection voltage over zero → Open Timer device 0 → detection current zero-crossing point → pass timer 0 → read timer timing → demonstration phase angle → return.
6. instantaneous protection tester according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the single-chip microcomputer in described control section and the power supply of each circuit obtain by 220V AC rectification, realization ± 5V power supply, and power can reach 5W.
7. the operation method of instantaneous protection tester described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: its process that realizes instantaneous protection is: voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer is input to single-chip microcomputer signal capture port by the voltage signal of the electric system detecting respectively and current signal through second order bandwidth-limited circuit, same square wave change-over circuit frequently and chip 74LS04 circuit, go out frequency and the power-factor angle of electric system by the time difference measurements at zero point that catches voltage signal and current signal, the data that record are saved in single-chip microcomputer EEPROM and by liquid crystal display and are shown; Single-chip microcomputer is meeting setting power factor angle and the size of conduction time before carrying out divide-shut brake, and data can not be lost after power-off reset; The driving circuit and the bidirectional triode thyristor that consist of MOC3021 optocoupler single-chip microcomputer are connected to form on-off switch, carry out reclosing command by key command, making process comprises: detectable voltage signals zero point, the time of a power-factor angle of time delay closes a floodgate, after closing a floodgate, change sensed current signal in real time by the A/D of 10 precision in single-chip microcomputer, until isolating switch disconnects or reaches value conduction time of setting, last separating brake also calculates conduction time of peak value, effective value and the isolating switch of electric current, and measured value is presented on liquid crystal display; User completes mensuration and setting power factor angle, the size of conduction time and the threshold value of supply frequency of power-factor angle by the button on control section; Whether single-chip microcomputer has button immediately to press Real-Time Monitoring, if having, carries out setting parameter or function execution according to the key command of immediately pressing; If do not have button immediately to press, single-chip microcomputer is cycle detection electric voltage frequency; Single-chip microcomputer is compared the frequency values of the system power supply of current time with above-mentioned predefined frequency values, if the frequency values of the system power supply of current time has exceeded the scope of setting value, be that power supply occurs abnormal, single-chip microcomputer sends power fail warning, reminds operating personnel.
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| CN112269056A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-26 | 许继电气股份有限公司 | Hardware frequency measurement circuit of high-voltage variable-frequency relay protection device |
| TWI770638B (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2022-07-11 | 佳得股份有限公司 | A mobile communication low-latency distributed power system auxiliary service device and method |
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