CN103913111A - Fine-particle sediment underwater repose angle measuring device and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Fine-particle sediment underwater repose angle measuring device and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103913111A CN103913111A CN201410091389.5A CN201410091389A CN103913111A CN 103913111 A CN103913111 A CN 103913111A CN 201410091389 A CN201410091389 A CN 201410091389A CN 103913111 A CN103913111 A CN 103913111A
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Abstract
The invention provides a fine-particle sediment underwater repose angle measuring device and a measuring method of the fine-particle sediment underwater repose angle measuring device. The fine-particle sediment underwater repose angle measuring device comprises a glass water tank, a floating plate, a funnel, a transparent testing circular platform and a plastic rod. Leveling knobs are installed on the outer side of the bottom of the glass water tank, rulers are engraved on the portions, with the same height, of four side walls, and two water pipes are symmetrically installed in the middles of the bottoms of a pair of side walls respectively; the floating plate is arranged in the glass water tank, a hole is formed in the middle of the floating plate, the funnel is fixedly arranged in the hole, and the floating plate and the funnel are combined into a whole; flat-pressing holes are symmetrically formed in the wall of the portion, below the floating plate, of the funnel; the transparent testing circular platform is fixed to the middle of the bottom of the glass water tank and is used for bearing a sediment sample leaking from the funnel; a leveling bubble is arranged in the center of the interior of the transparent testing circular platform, and the leveling bubble, the transparent testing circular platform and the funnel are coaxial; the plastic rod is arranged inside the funnel and is used for opening or closing an opening of the funnel. The fine-particle sediment underwater repose angle measuring device and the measuring method of the fine-particle sediment underwater repose angle measuring device overcome the defects that an existing method is complex in step and interference factors are multiple, operating steps can be effectively simplified, sediment cone forming stability is improved, and therefore the measuring speed is increased, and measuring accuracy and measuring reproducibility are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fine sediment measurement at angle of repose under water in water conservancy industry, especially a kind of fine sediment repose angle measurement device and measuring method thereof under water.
Background technology
Angle of repose is one of important parameter of reflection silt physical characteristics under water, relate to many problems of the research of sediment movement mechanical foundation and engineering practice, be of great significance washing away the local river-bed deformation process aspect tools such as funnel, rivers and canals shore protection, bridge crossing scour before further investigation bed surface bed ripples form, dam.Silt under water angle of repose is subject to the impact of the factors such as grating, morphological feature, surface nature and the compaction rate (for mud) of silt.Although researcher in the past obtains some experiences, semiempirical formula, quite different each other, theoretical research is difficult to again carry out multianalysis, is therefore as the criterion mainly with measured value in actual applications.This is just for precisely reliable measurement mechanism has proposed requirement.
Measured in the past silt under water the method at angle of repose mainly contain nature fall silt method and disk method.Naturally the method step that falls to becoming silted up is comparatively loaded down with trivial details coarse, in operation, easily silt cone form is caused to disturbing effect precision; Though disk method improves to some extent to the silt method that naturally falls, but installs from it, mortar flows down through flexible pipe from eminence, and mouth of pipe place easily forms jet and destroys silt cone slope pattern, therefore also can impact precision.No matter what method, measuring accuracy all largely depends on the stationarity of the domatic forming process of silt, therefore must reduce the impact of various disturbances in its forming process as far as possible.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of fine sediment repose angle measurement device and measuring method thereof under water, this measurement mechanism and measuring method have made up the deficiency that existing method step is loaded down with trivial details, disturbing factor is many, effectively refining operation step, improve the stationarity that silt cone forms, thereby improve speed, precision and the reappearance measured.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
A kind of fine sediment repose angle measurement device under water, comprises glass water tank, kickboard, funnel, transparent test round platform and sticking plaster.Described glass water tank bottom outside is provided with leveling knob, and four sidewall equal heights are carved with scale, and centre position, pair of sidewalls bottom is symmetrically installed with two water pipes; Described kickboard is placed in glass water tank, and middle part is offered porose for fixed funnel, and kickboard and funnel group are in aggregates; On the hopper walls of described kickboard below, be symmetrically arranged with concora crush hole; Described transparent test round platform is fixed on centre position, glass water tank bottom, for accepting by the sediment sample leaking down in funnel; Transparent test round platform inside center position is provided with leveling bubble, and the two is coaxial with funnel; Described sticking plaster is placed in funnel inside, for switch bell mouth;
When described funnel is positioned on transparent test round platform, the lower limb of kickboard aligns with scale zero graduation; Described leveling knob is established three altogether, taking glass water tank bottom centre as center of gravity, is equilateral triangle setting; Described concora crush hole makes the inside and outside linker that forms of funnel, can eliminate under sediment sample the inside and outside differential pressure of bell mouth place in leakage process;
Described kickboard adopts the floating material of hard, and between its edge and glass water tank inwall, gap width is 1mm;
Open Side Down for described water pipe, is no more than 10 mm apart from glass water tank bottom;
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fine sediment measuring method of repose angle measurement device under water, comprises the following steps:
(1) leveling gaza: by rotation leveling knob, by the repose angle measurement device leveling under water of described fine sediment, add the sediment sample having soaked in right amount in funnel;
(2) leak husky one-tenth cone: in glass water tank, add clear water through water pipe, kickboard and the funnel being fixed in kickboard are floated by clear water buoyancy, the sediment sample in funnel leaks to transparent test round platform formation cone; By regulating the ascent rate of water pipe flow control kickboard and funnel, keep its top in cone formation process to be no more than 3 mm apart from bell mouth, and in the time that sediment sample cone covers transparent test round platform completely, cone top flush with bell mouth; Now seal bell mouth with the sticking plaster being placed in funnel; And by loosening sticking plaster, the cone form of sediment sample is repaired;
(3) reading calculates: after sediment sample cone is stable, the scale label mean value that kickboard lower limb is corresponding is cone height h; Silt under water angle of repose α be: α=arctan(h/r).
By above technical scheme, with respect to prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) more standard of the cone forming after leveling, it is more steady that cone forms process, improved measuring accuracy and reappearance;
(2) the disturbing factor while having reduced and weakened operation, measuring process is simple, easily operation;
(3) silt cone can directly be read its height after forming, and saves Measuring Time.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is silt cone steady state (SS) front elevation;
Fig. 2 is for measuring original state front elevation;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of water tank in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of kickboard funnel in Fig. 1.
Wherein: 1 is glass water tank, 2 is kickboard, and 3 is funnel, and 4 is transparent test round platform, and 5 is leveling bubble, and 6 is leveling knob, and 7 is scale, and 8 is water pipe, and 9 is concora crush hole, and 10 is sticking plaster.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a kind of fine sediment of the present invention repose angle measurement device under water, comprises glass water tank 1, kickboard 2, funnel 3, transparent test round platform 4 and sticking plaster 10; Scale 7 is upwards carved with at 1 four sidewall sustained height places of described glass water tank; Described kickboard 2 is placed in glass water tank 1, and its middle part offers hole for fixed funnel 3, and kickboard 2 is in aggregates with funnel 3 the two group; Described kickboard 2 adopts the floating material of hard to make, and between its edge and glass water tank 1 inwall, gap width is that 1 mm is to fluctuate; On funnel 3 sidewalls of kickboard 2 belows, be symmetrical arranged two concora crush holes 8, make the inside and outside linker that forms of funnel, can eliminate under sediment sample the inside and outside differential pressure of bell mouth place in leakage process; Described transparent test round platform 4 is fixed on glass water tank 1 centre position, bottom, for accepting the sediment sample leaking down by funnel 3; Transparent test round platform inside center position is provided with leveling bubble 5, and the two axis is coaxial with funnel 3;
Sticking plaster 10 is placed in funnel 3 inside, for 3 mouthfuls, switch funnel; Bell mouth internal diameter is 6 mm, and the diameter of sticking plaster 10 is 7 mm, and lower end is round table-like; Described glass water tank 1 bottom outside three the leveling knobs 6 that have been threaded, and taking glass water tank 1 bottom centre as center of gravity, become equilateral triangle setting, for the repose angle measurement device under water of fine sediment described in leveling; At a water pipe 8 of the symmetrical installation in centre position, pair of sidewalls bottom of glass water tank 1, for add clear water in glass water tank 1, water pipe 8 should not exceed 10 mm at the opening of glass water tank 1 apart from glass water tank 1 bottom.
A kind of silt as shown in Figure 1 under water measuring method of repose angle measurement device is as follows:
(1) leveling gaza: by rotation leveling knob, by the repose angle measurement device leveling under water of described fine sediment, add the sediment sample having soaked in right amount in funnel;
(2) leak husky one-tenth cone: in glass water tank, add clear water through water pipe, kickboard and the funnel being fixed in kickboard are floated by clear water buoyancy, the sediment sample in funnel leaks to transparent test round platform formation cone; By regulating the ascent rate of water pipe flow control kickboard and funnel, keep its top in cone formation process to be no more than 3mm apart from bell mouth, and in the time that sediment sample cone covers transparent test round platform completely, cone top flush with bell mouth; Now seal bell mouth with the sticking plaster being placed in funnel; And by loosening sticking plaster, the cone form of sediment sample is repaired;
(3) reading calculates: after sediment sample cone is stable, the scale label mean value that kickboard lower limb is corresponding is cone height h; Silt under water angle of repose α be: α=arctan(h/r).
Following table is the result that uses the present invention to test a kind of natural sand
Claims (5)
1. a fine sediment repose angle measurement device under water, is characterized in that: comprise glass water tank, kickboard, funnel, transparent test round platform and sticking plaster; Described glass water tank bottom outside is provided with leveling knob, and four sidewall equal heights are carved with scale, and centre position, pair of sidewalls bottom is symmetrically installed with two water pipes; Described kickboard is placed in glass water tank, and middle part is offered porose for fixed funnel, and kickboard and funnel group are in aggregates; On the hopper walls of described kickboard below, be symmetrically arranged with concora crush hole; Described transparent test round platform is fixed on centre position, glass water tank bottom, for accepting by the sediment sample leaking down in funnel; Transparent test round platform inside center position is provided with leveling bubble, and the two is coaxial with funnel; Described sticking plaster is placed in funnel inside, for switch bell mouth.
2. fine sediment according to claim 1 repose angle measurement device under water, is characterized in that: when described funnel is positioned on transparent test round platform, the lower limb of kickboard aligns with scale zero graduation; Described leveling knob is established three altogether, taking glass water tank bottom centre as center of gravity, is equilateral triangle setting; Described concora crush hole makes the inside and outside linker that forms of funnel, can eliminate under sediment sample the inside and outside differential pressure of bell mouth place in leakage process.
3. fine sediment according to claim 2 repose angle measurement device under water, is characterized in that: described kickboard adopts the floating material of hard, and is 1 mm apart from gap width between its edge and glass water tank inwall.
4. fine sediment according to claim 3 repose angle measurement device under water, is characterized in that: Open Side Down for described water pipe, is no more than 10 mm apart from glass water tank bottom.
5. a fine sediment measuring method for repose angle measurement device under water as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) leveling gaza: by rotation leveling knob, by the repose angle measurement device leveling under water of described fine sediment, add the sediment sample having soaked in right amount in funnel;
(2) leak husky one-tenth cone: in glass water tank, add clear water through water pipe, kickboard and the funnel being fixed in kickboard are floated by clear water buoyancy, the sediment sample in funnel leaks to transparent test round platform formation cone; By regulating the ascent rate of water pipe flow control kickboard and funnel, keep its top in cone formation process to be no more than 3 mm apart from bell mouth, and in the time that sediment sample cone covers transparent test round platform completely, cone top flush with bell mouth; Now seal bell mouth with the sticking plaster being placed in funnel; And by loosening sticking plaster, the cone form of sediment sample is repaired;
(3) reading calculates: after sediment sample cone is stable, the scale label mean value that kickboard lower limb is corresponding is cone height h; Silt under water angle of repose α be: α=arctan(h/r).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410091389.5A CN103913111A (en) | 2014-03-13 | 2014-03-13 | Fine-particle sediment underwater repose angle measuring device and measuring method thereof |
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| CN201410091389.5A CN103913111A (en) | 2014-03-13 | 2014-03-13 | Fine-particle sediment underwater repose angle measuring device and measuring method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104266936A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-01-07 | 广西交通科学研究院 | Method and device for testing and evaluating groutability of grouting serous fluid |
| CN104316442A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-01-28 | 重庆交通大学 | Sediment underwater repose angle measuring device |
| CN105092428A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-25 | 山东大学 | Quantitative determination method of fine aggregate saturated surface dry state on basis of repose angle |
| CN105738595A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-07-06 | 重庆交通大学 | Combined testing method and experiment device for soil disintegration characters and underwater repose angle |
| CN108595726A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-09-28 | 河海大学 | A kind of river bed adjusting method based on silt underwater information warfare |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104266936A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-01-07 | 广西交通科学研究院 | Method and device for testing and evaluating groutability of grouting serous fluid |
| CN104316442A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-01-28 | 重庆交通大学 | Sediment underwater repose angle measuring device |
| CN105092428A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-25 | 山东大学 | Quantitative determination method of fine aggregate saturated surface dry state on basis of repose angle |
| CN105092428B (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2018-05-04 | 山东大学 | A kind of method for quantitatively determining of the fine aggregate saturated dry surface based on angle of repose |
| CN105738595A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-07-06 | 重庆交通大学 | Combined testing method and experiment device for soil disintegration characters and underwater repose angle |
| CN108595726A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-09-28 | 河海大学 | A kind of river bed adjusting method based on silt underwater information warfare |
| CN108595726B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-06-11 | 河海大学 | Riverbed adjusting method based on underwater repose angle of sediment |
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Application publication date: 20140709 |