CN203375922U - Slope-changing type silt grain underwater angle of repose measurement instrument - Google Patents
Slope-changing type silt grain underwater angle of repose measurement instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN203375922U CN203375922U CN201320445830.6U CN201320445830U CN203375922U CN 203375922 U CN203375922 U CN 203375922U CN 201320445830 U CN201320445830 U CN 201320445830U CN 203375922 U CN203375922 U CN 203375922U
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种变坡式泥沙颗粒水下休止角测定仪,包括透明容器箱、升降螺杆、盛沙重力板、支撑杆、固定挡板和活动挡板,所述固定挡板和活动挡板竖直设在透明容器箱内,并与盛沙重力板构成盛沙空间;所述盛沙重力板与固定挡板底部铰接;所述升降螺杆竖直设在容器箱内,支撑杆一端穿过升降螺杆的螺纹槽,另一端与盛沙重力板的下端自然接触;所述透明容器箱对应盛沙重力板处标记有对应的长度和角度刻度。通过重力作用形成泥沙颗粒的休止角以及重力板的不同坡度,使本实用新型能直接测量变坡条件下的泥沙颗粒休止角;通过本实用新型可操作性强、测量速度快、能直接读出泥沙颗粒的水下休止角,不需要进行角度转化。
The utility model discloses a slope-variable underwater angle of repose measuring instrument for sediment particles, which comprises a transparent container box, a lifting screw, a sand-filling gravity plate, a support rod, a fixed baffle and a movable baffle, the fixed baffle and the movable baffle. The movable baffle is vertically arranged in the transparent container box, and forms a sand-filling space with the sand-filling gravity plate; the sand-filling gravity plate is hinged with the bottom of the fixed baffle; the lifting screw is vertically arranged in the container box, and the support rod One end passes through the thread groove of the lifting screw, and the other end is in natural contact with the lower end of the sand-filling gravity plate; the transparent container box is marked with corresponding length and angle scales corresponding to the sand-filling gravity plate. The angle of repose of the sand particles and the different slopes of the gravity plate are formed through the action of gravity, so that the utility model can directly measure the angle of repose of the sand particles under the condition of changing slopes; the utility model has strong operability, fast measurement speed, and can directly Read the underwater angle of repose of the sediment particles without angle conversion.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型主要涉及水利行业中天然砂和模型沙水下休止角的测量装置。 The utility model mainly relates to a measuring device for the underwater angle of repose of natural sand and model sand in the water conservancy industry.
背景技术 Background technique
水下休止角是指处于水面下的泥沙颗粒在重力、浮力以及摩擦力等的综合作用下,可以形成一定角度的倾斜面而不坍塌,这个角度为水下休止角。水下休止角是泥沙颗粒的一个重要参数,在现实中有广泛的应用,如坝前冲刷漏斗的角度问题,护岸工程中岸坡的稳定问题、渠道的最优断面设计等问题。传统的泥沙颗粒水下休止角测量方法是通过向水下固定半径的圆盘内堆积泥沙,当圆盘内的泥沙呈锥体时,开始测量锥体的高度和锥体的半径,并通过两者的关系反求锥体的角度,该角度即为泥沙颗粒的水下休止角。但该方法中圆盘不能形成不同的倾角,不适用于变坡上泥沙颗粒的水下休止角的测量,测量结果也不能直接给出角度;且该方法无调平装置,不能保证所形成的休止角基于水平,增加了测量结果的误差。 Underwater angle of repose means that under the combined action of gravity, buoyancy and friction, the sediment particles under the water surface can form an inclined surface at a certain angle without collapsing. This angle is the underwater angle of repose. The underwater angle of repose is an important parameter of sediment particles, and it is widely used in reality, such as the angle of the scour funnel in front of the dam, the stability of the bank slope in the revetment project, and the optimal section design of the channel. The traditional method of measuring the underwater angle of repose of sediment particles is to accumulate sediment into a disk with a fixed radius underwater. When the sediment in the disk is in the shape of a cone, start to measure the height of the cone and the radius of the cone. And through the relationship between the two, the angle of the cone is reversed, and the angle is the underwater angle of repose of the sediment particles. However, in this method, the discs cannot form different inclination angles, so it is not suitable for the measurement of the underwater angle of repose of sediment particles on variable slopes, and the measurement results cannot directly give the angle; and this method does not have a leveling device, which cannot guarantee the angle of repose formed. The angle of repose is based on the horizontal, which increases the error of the measurement results.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
发明目的:针对上述现有存在的问题和不足,本实用新型的目的是提供一种变坡式泥沙颗粒水下休止角测定仪,不仅能测量变坡条件下的泥沙颗粒水下休止角,还能保证测量装置水平并直接读出结果。 Purpose of the invention: In view of the existing problems and deficiencies mentioned above, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a slope-changing sediment particle underwater angle of repose measuring instrument, which can not only measure the underwater angle of repose of sediment particles under the condition of changing slope , but also to ensure the level of the measuring device and to read the results directly.
技术方案:为实现上述发明目的,本实用新型采用以下技术方案:一种变坡式泥沙颗粒水下休止角测定仪,包括透明容器箱、升降螺杆、盛沙重力板、支撑杆、固定挡板和活动挡板,所述固定挡板和活动挡板竖直设在透明容器箱内,并与盛沙重力板构成盛沙空间;所述盛沙重力板与固定挡板底部铰接;所述升降螺杆竖直设在容器箱内,支撑杆一端穿过升降螺杆的螺纹槽,另一端与盛沙重力板的下端自然接触;所述透明容器箱对应盛沙重力板处标记有对应的长度和角度刻度。 Technical solution: In order to achieve the purpose of the above invention, the utility model adopts the following technical solution: a slope-changing sediment particle underwater angle of repose measuring instrument, including a transparent container box, a lifting screw, a sand-filling gravity plate, a support rod, a fixed stop plate and a movable baffle, the fixed baffle and the movable baffle are vertically arranged in the transparent container box, and form a sand-filling space with the sand-filling gravity plate; the described sand-filling gravity plate is hinged with the bottom of the fixed baffle; The lifting screw is vertically arranged in the container box, one end of the support rod passes through the thread groove of the lifting screw, and the other end is in natural contact with the lower end of the sand-filling gravity plate; the transparent container box is marked with the corresponding length and Angle scale.
作为优选,所述固定板上部设有透水孔,且透水孔以下固定板的高度时盛沙重力板长度的2倍。 As a preference, a permeable hole is provided on the top of the fixed plate, and the height of the fixed plate below the permeable hole is twice the length of the sand-filled gravity plate.
作为优选,所述透明容器箱底部设有可调节底座,顶部设有水平气泡。 Preferably, the bottom of the transparent container box is provided with an adjustable base, and the top is provided with horizontal air bubbles.
作为优选,所述升降螺杆顶端还设有手柄。 Preferably, a handle is also provided at the top of the lifting screw.
有益效果:与现有技术相比,本实用新型具有以下优点:通过重力作用形成泥沙颗粒的休止角以及重力板的不同坡度,使本实用新型能直接测量变坡条件下的泥沙颗粒休止角;通过本实用新型可操作性强、测量速度快、能直接读出泥沙颗粒的水下休止角,不需要进行角度转化。 Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages: the angle of repose of the sediment particles and the different slopes of the gravity plate are formed through the action of gravity, so that the utility model can directly measure the rest of the sediment particles under the condition of changing slopes Angle; the utility model has strong operability, fast measurement speed, and can directly read the underwater angle of repose of sediment particles without angle conversion.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.
其中,底座1、透明容器箱2、水平气泡3、盛沙重力板4、活动挡板5、固定挡板6、支撑杆7、升降螺杆8、手柄9、刻度10。
Among them, the
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施例,进一步阐明本实用新型,应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本实用新型而不用于限制本实用新型的范围,在阅读了本实用新型之后,本领域技术人员对本实用新型的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。 Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, further set forth the utility model, should be understood that these embodiments are only used for illustrating the utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, after having read the utility model, those skilled in the art will understand this utility model The modifications of various equivalent forms of the utility model all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.
如图1~2所示,一种变坡式泥沙颗粒水下休止角测定仪,包括透明容器箱、升降螺杆、盛沙重力板、支撑杆、固定挡板和活动挡板,所述固定挡板和活动挡板竖直设在透明容器箱内,且宽度与容器箱宽度相同,并与盛沙重力板构成独立的盛沙空间;所述盛沙重力板与固定挡板底部铰接;所述升降螺杆竖直设在容器箱内,支撑杆一端穿过升降螺杆的螺纹槽,另一端与盛沙重力板的下端自然接触;盛沙重力板的长度为定值,重力板上不同的泥沙厚度对应的角度固定,故在有机玻璃容器的侧面可同时标记长度和角度的刻度,可直接读出休止角。固定挡板上部开有透水孔,以保持盛沙小容器与有机玻璃容器连通,透水孔以下固定板的高度为盛沙重力板长度的两倍。并通过在容器箱底部安装可调节底座,顶部安装水平气泡,通过调节底座和水平气泡,以确保透明容器箱处于水平状态。 As shown in Figures 1 to 2, a variable-slope type sediment particle underwater angle of repose measuring instrument includes a transparent container box, a lifting screw, a sand-filling gravity plate, a support rod, a fixed baffle and a movable baffle. The baffle and the movable baffle are vertically arranged in the transparent container box, and the width is the same as that of the container box, and form an independent sand-filling space with the sand-filling gravity plate; the sand-filling gravity plate is hinged with the bottom of the fixed baffle; The lifting screw is vertically arranged in the container box, one end of the support rod passes through the thread groove of the lifting screw, and the other end is in natural contact with the lower end of the sand-filling gravity plate; The angle corresponding to the sand thickness is fixed, so the scales of length and angle can be marked on the side of the plexiglass container at the same time, and the angle of repose can be read directly. The top of the fixed baffle is provided with permeable holes to keep the small sand container connected with the plexiglass container. The height of the fixed plate below the permeable holes is twice the length of the sand gravity plate. And by installing an adjustable base at the bottom of the container box, installing a horizontal air bubble on the top, and adjusting the base and the horizontal air bubble to ensure that the transparent container box is in a horizontal state.
进行休止角测量时,调节底座使水平气泡居中,保持有机玻璃容器水平。向有机玻璃容器中盛水,水的高度与固定挡板上透水孔的下端齐平。放下活动挡板,此时,盛沙重力板、活动挡板、固定挡板以及有机玻璃容器边壁构成一个盛沙小容器,向小容器中加沙,使盛沙小容器中沙的厚度大于重力板的长度,提起活动挡板,相当于盛沙小容器的一侧打开,盛沙重力板上的泥沙会在重力作用下下滑,最后会在盛沙重力板上上形成一个自然角度,该角度为泥沙颗粒的水下休止角,通过侧向的刻度可直接读出水平条件下泥沙颗粒的水下休止角。 When measuring the angle of repose, adjust the base to center the horizontal bubble and keep the plexiglass container level. Water is filled in the plexiglass container, and the height of the water is flush with the lower end of the permeable hole on the fixed baffle. Put down the movable baffle, at this moment, the sand-filling gravity plate, the movable baffle, the fixed baffle and the side wall of the plexiglass container form a small sand-filling container, add sand to the small container, so that the thickness of the sand in the small sand-filling container is greater than gravity The length of the plate, lifting the movable baffle, is equivalent to opening one side of the small sand container, the sand on the sand gravity plate will slide down under the action of gravity, and finally form a natural angle on the sand gravity plate. The angle is the underwater angle of repose of the sediment particles, and the underwater angle of repose of the sediment particles under horizontal conditions can be directly read through the lateral scale.
当转动手柄时,升降螺杆上的螺纹带动支撑杆上升或下降,盛沙重力板受支撑杆影响会绕铰链转动,形成不同坡度,该坡度下泥沙颗粒也能形成固定的角度,由此可测量变坡下的泥沙颗粒水下休止角。 When the handle is turned, the thread on the lifting screw drives the support rod to rise or fall, and the Shengsha gravity plate will rotate around the hinge under the influence of the support rod to form different slopes. The sand particles can also form a fixed angle under this slope, which can be used. Measure the underwater angle of repose of sediment particles under variable slopes.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103913111A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2014-07-09 | 河海大学 | Fine-particle sediment underwater repose angle measuring device and measuring method thereof |
CN104316442A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-01-28 | 重庆交通大学 | Sediment underwater repose angle measuring device |
CN108955496A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-12-07 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of silt underwater information warfare analyzer and its application method |
CN109781585A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-21 | 安徽省引江济淮集团有限公司 | A kind of no-Co-alloy steel Repose angle gauge |
-
2013
- 2013-07-24 CN CN201320445830.6U patent/CN203375922U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103913111A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2014-07-09 | 河海大学 | Fine-particle sediment underwater repose angle measuring device and measuring method thereof |
CN104316442A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-01-28 | 重庆交通大学 | Sediment underwater repose angle measuring device |
CN108955496A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-12-07 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of silt underwater information warfare analyzer and its application method |
CN108955496B (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2023-12-22 | 安徽理工大学 | Sediment underwater repose angle tester and use method thereof |
CN109781585A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-21 | 安徽省引江济淮集团有限公司 | A kind of no-Co-alloy steel Repose angle gauge |
CN109781585B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2023-11-24 | 安徽省引江济淮集团有限公司 | Non-cohesive soil repose angle tester |
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