CN103911744A - Three-dimensional knitting equipment - Google Patents
Three-dimensional knitting equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN103911744A CN103911744A CN201410130876.8A CN201410130876A CN103911744A CN 103911744 A CN103911744 A CN 103911744A CN 201410130876 A CN201410130876 A CN 201410130876A CN 103911744 A CN103911744 A CN 103911744A
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- tooth bar
- braiding
- gear type
- yarn device
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- Braiding, Manufacturing Of Bobbin-Net Or Lace, And Manufacturing Of Nets By Knotting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to three-dimensional knitting equipment which comprises a three-dimensional knitting preformed part, a forming device, a gear type initiative yarn carrier and a rack type knitting base plate. A gear on the gear type initiative yarn carrier is driven by a direct-current motor and meshed with a rack on the knitting base plate to enable the gear type initiative yarn carrier to operate on the base plate so as to drive knitting yarns to complete knitting of the three-dimensional knitting preformed part. The three-dimensional knitting equipment is provided with the direct-current motor which provides a driving force for the yarn carrier, and accordingly movement of the gear type initiative yarn carrier is improved, and the problems of yarn reduction and addition for the special-shaped three-dimensional knitting preformed part can be solved. Further, the three-dimensional knitting equipment is applicable to preparation of various three-dimensional knitting preformed parts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3 D stereo knitting skill field, relate in particular to a kind of 3 D stereo braiding apparatus.
Background technology
Three-dimension integrally braiding technology is the high-new textile technology growing up the eighties in 20th century, has the feature of a weaving forming of profiled piece.In braiding process, all yarns are participated in and are weaved simultaneously, and every one thread moves according to certain rules, thereby are interweaved together, form a three-dimension integrally fabric.The feature such as the composite of this enhancing structure has lightweight, not stratified, intensity is high, overall performance is good and structural design is flexible, provide wide prospect for composite is applied to bearing structure, be widely used in fields such as space flight, aviation, traffic, chemical industry, physical culture, medical treatment.
Nineteen eighty-two, Flornetine has invented the braiding machine that is called Mganawevae, has established the technical foundation of track and column braiding.From then on, research to track and column braiding technology and braiding preform enters a new period, having there is a research climax in the end of the eighties to the mid-90, has all obtained sizable progress at structure and the aspect of performance of weave patterns, braiding apparatus and woven preform.
D braided composites has unique design feature and mechanical property, has been widely used in the field such as space flight and aviation, auto industry.The 3 D weaving machine in suitability for industrialized production of being applied to mainly contains two kinds of angle guide-roller type and determinants, and its difference is the chassis of 3 D weaving machine, and therefore chassis is also the key that determines 3 D weaving machine working method and performance.Angle guide-roller type 3 D weaving machine is in the time of braiding, and taking yarn device is the orbiting motion of following interconnective " numeral 8 "; And the employing of determinant 3 D weaving machine is that " two step method " and " four step rule " weave.
The composite material structural member being applied in various device has irregular shape mostly, therefore must first obtain the 3-D abnormal woven preform consistent with structural member profile, then obtains the prefabricated component needing by technology such as matrix are compound.The preparation of early stage 3-D abnormal woven preform is first to obtain regular uiform section prefabricated component, obtain by the method for processing after machinery the shape needing again, but fracture or wearing and tearing occur the yarn that can make like this preform surfaces, reduce the overall mechanical property of prefabricated component.Angle guide-roller type 3 D weaving machine is difficult to realize and subtracts yarn and add yarn in the time of braiding variable cross-section three-dimensional prefab, can cause the inconsistent of prefabricated component radial thickness, thereby the determinant 3 D weaving machines that use in the weaving of 3-D abnormal woven preform more.Derive some according to the method for operation of the 3 D weaving machine of determinant and subtract yarn and add yarn method, but all cannot convenient, effectively solve a manufacture difficult problem for 3-D abnormal woven preform.Tracing it to its cause, is mainly the forms of motion that is limited to determinant 3 D weaving machine and takes yarn device.The yarn device of taking of determinant 3 D weaving machine is to move with the form of full line or permutation, the single yarn device of taking cannot be realized freely-movable, therefore when the sectional area of three-dimensional braiding preforms changes, it is more difficult needing in time to shift out from knitting zone or add yarn.
In view of the existing problem of above-mentioned prior art, therefore, develop a kind of 3 D stereo braiding apparatus that can overcome the problems referred to above, become the technical problem of being badly in need of solution.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing defects the prior art has, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of 3 D stereo braiding apparatus, this equipment adopts mechanical type drives structure, on the one hand can follow gear type and initiatively take the operational mode of yarn device, be applicable to the preparation of 3-D abnormal woven preform, can overcome on the other hand electromagnetic type gear type and initiatively take yarn device to machining accuracy and the comparatively harsh requirement of electromagnetic compatibility problem.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention takes following scheme:
A kind of 3 D stereo braiding apparatus, this equipment comprises that three-dimensional braiding preforms, shaped device, gear type initiatively take yarn device, rack-and-pinion weaves chassis, it is characterized in that:
Gear type is initiatively taken and on yarn device, is provided with four dc motors, wherein, two dc motors in X-direction, two dc motors of Y direction, each dc motor drives respectively a pair of coaxial gear, and gear type is initiatively taken on the chassis that yarn device is directly positioned over tooth bar composition;
Rack-and-pinion braiding chassis adopts unit module assembled structure, formed by orthogonal the first tooth bar and the second tooth bar equidistantly arranged, the tooth pitch of the first tooth bar and the second tooth bar equates, in intersection region, the rectangular pyramid array of the first tooth bar and the orthogonal formation of the second tooth bar, the first tooth bar, the second tooth bar and rectangular pyramid array have formed the crisscross guide rail of initiatively taking the operation of yarn device for gear type jointly;
The base edge on rack-and-pinion braiding chassis has keyway, rack-and-pinion braiding upper end, chassis is the outstanding of eaves shape, after two unit module splicings, the middle tooth bar gap forming is as the movable passageway of backstay, locating piece is positioned at the outstanding lower end of eaves shape, and its diameter is greater than the spacing of backstay movable passageway.
Preferably, described gear type is initiatively taken yarn device four DC motor drive gears, in the time that two dc motor driven gears on same level line rotate, two other dc motor is not worked, and the gear of its connection moves in the mode of sliding in teeth groove.
The present invention has the following advantages and good effect:
1) gear type initiatively take yarn device adopt rolled on tooth bar by dc motor driven gear and slide parallel type of drive, more reliable compared with the drives structure of electromagnetic type, the processing of part is comparatively easy, and need not consider the variety of issue that electromagnetic compatibility brings.
2) combination of rack-and-pinion and positioner not only can overcome " stuck " problem of taking in yarn device running, also can prevent from taking the excessive braiding chassis that departs from of drag force that yarn device is in operation due to knitting yarn.
3) when the blocking module of base is spliced, be connected with key by keyway, be easy for installation and removal, and the degree of reliability that bonding element module connects effectively.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall diagram of 3 D stereo braiding apparatus;
Fig. 2 is the wheeled figure that coordinates that initiatively takes yarn device and chassis tooth bar in 3 D stereo braiding apparatus;
Fig. 3 is the side view that 3 D stereo braiding apparatus middle gear formula is initiatively taken yarn device;
Fig. 4 is the top view that 3 D stereo braiding apparatus middle gear formula is initiatively taken yarn device;
Fig. 5 is that 3 D stereo braiding apparatus middle gear formula is initiatively taken yarn device and braiding machine chassis side view;
Fig. 6 is control module connection diagram in 3 D stereo braiding apparatus.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are described further.
The overall diagram of this 3 D stereo braiding apparatus as shown in Figure 1.In overall diagram, 1 is three-dimensional braiding preforms, and 2 is shaped device, and 3 is knitting yarn, and 4 initiatively take yarn device for gear type, and 5 is rack-and-pinion braiding chassis.Gear type is initiatively taken on yarn device 4 and is equiped with four dc motors, and each dc motor drives respectively a pair of gear, always has four pairs of gears.Every pair of gear is all coaxial, wherein two dc motors in X-direction, two dc motors of Y direction.So, the motion in each dimension has two dc motors that power is provided, and gear type is initiatively taken on the chassis that yarn device 4 is directly positioned over tooth bar composition, and two groups of tooth bars on chassis are equidistantly arranged.
Braiding yarn carry by taking yarn device, and press prefabricated component shape of cross section arrange, take yarn device carry weave yarn move along 4 directions of braiding machine, make to weave yarn and interweave each other.A braiding circulation is divided into 4 steps, takes each moved further of yarn device, can only be along horizontal or longitudinal stepping.The 1st step, takes yarn device by going to alternating expression stepping; The 2nd step, takes yarn device by being listed as to alternating expression stepping; The 3rd step, the step direction of taking yarn device is contrary with the 1st step; Equally, the yarn device of taking of the 4th step moves also contrary with the 2nd step.Through 4 steps, the spread pattern of taking yarn device is identical when initial.Generally, after each braiding is circulated throughout.There is the process of a urgent yarn, make braided structure compacter.
Wheeled initiatively take yarn device and chassis tooth bar coordinate figure as shown in Figure 2.In Fig. 2,4 initiatively take yarn device for gear type, and 5 is rack-and-pinion braiding chassis, and 51 for initiatively to take the parallel tooth bar of the yarn device direction of motion with gear type, and 52 is rectangular pyramid permutation, and 53 for initiatively to take the vertical tooth bar of the yarn device direction of motion with gear type.The infall of tooth bar is tangent and form the rectangular pyramid array of tooth bar 52 by two groups of tooth bars in length and breadth, and what be designed to this shape is mainly can turn in intersection region in order to make gear type initiatively take yarn device, to realize two dimensional motion.Because when the wheel and rack in a dimension forms rolling pair, wheel and rack in another dimension is to form sliding pair, so in the region of tooth bar 52, the gear that former and tooth bar forms rolling pair becomes and tooth bar composition sliding pair, the gear that former and tooth bar form sliding pair becomes and tooth bar group forms rolling pair, so gear type is initiatively taken yarn device and realize the switching of motion dimension.
The side view that gear type is initiatively taken yarn device as shown in Figure 3.In Fig. 3,411,413 is in-line gears, and 42 is battery and control module, and 431,433 is dc motor, and 44 is locating piece.
The top view that gear type is initiatively taken yarn device as shown in Figure 4.In Fig. 4,411,412,413,414 is in-line gears, and 42 is battery and control module, and 431,432,433,434 is dc motor.Gear type is initiatively taken on yarn device 4 and is installed four pairs of in-line gears 411,412,413,414, is driven respectively by dc motor 431,432,433,434.
Teeth groove on tooth bar 51 is mutually vertical with the teeth groove on tooth bar 53, in the time that gear type is initiatively taken yarn device 4 and is moved on tooth bar 51, in-line gears 411,413 on it engage with tooth bar 51 and form rolling pair, and in-line gears 412, in-line gears 414 slide in the teeth groove of tooth bar 51, form sliding pair with tooth bar 51, and play the effect of location; In the time that gear type is initiatively taken yarn device 4 and is moved on tooth bar 53, the in-line gears 411 on it, in-line gears 413 slide in the teeth groove of tooth bar 53, form sliding pair with tooth bar 53, and play the effect of location, and in-line gears 412, in-line gears 414 engage with tooth bar 53 and form rolling pair.
Gear type is initiatively taken yarn device and braiding machine chassis side view as shown in Figure 5.In Fig. 5,45 is backstay, and 44 is locating piece, and 53 is key, and 54 is keyway, and 57 is tooth bar gap.Rack-and-pinion braiding chassis 5 is foursquare unit module by exterior contour and forms, and in order to make, unit module is convenient to be installed, and the edge of base has keyway 54, inserts key 53 and connect and fix in keyway 54.Rack-and-pinion braiding 5 upper ends, chassis are the outstanding of eaves shape, and after two unit module splicings, middle meeting forms a tooth bar gap 57, and tooth bar gap 57 is the movable passageway of backstay 45; Locating piece 44 is positioned at the outstanding lower end of eaves shape, and its diameter is greater than the spacing of backstay 45 movable passageways, prevents that making gear type initiatively take yarn device 4 because the strength that knitting yarn pulls is excessive departs from rack-and-pinion braiding chassis 5.
By tooth bar 51, the rectangular pyramid array 53 of tooth bar 53 and intersection region forms on rack-and-pinion braiding 5, chassis, and what rack-and-pinion braiding chassis 5 adopted is assembled structure, can be according to the requirement of three-dimensional braiding preforms sectional area, be spliced into the latticed plane of arbitrary size.The tooth pitch of tooth bar 51 and tooth bar 52 equates, is mutually an angle of 90 degrees.In intersection region, be the rectangular pyramid array 53 of tooth bar 51 and tooth bar 52 orthogonal formation, this structure is that the direction of motion in order to facilitate gear type initiatively to take yarn device is transformed into another dimension from a dimension.Tooth bar 51, tooth bar 53 and rectangular pyramid array 53 have formed the crisscross guide rail of initiatively taking the operation of yarn device for gear type jointly.When gear type is initiatively taken yarn device 4 and is moved on tooth bar 51, the in-line gears 411 on it, in-line gears 413 engage with tooth bar 51 and form rolling pair, and in-line gears 412, in-line gears 413 slide in the teeth groove of tooth bar 51, form sliding pair with tooth bar 51, and play the effect of location; In the time that gear type is initiatively taken yarn device 4 and is moved on tooth bar 53, the in-line gears 411 on it, in-line gears 413 slide in the teeth groove of tooth bar 53, form sliding pair with tooth bar 53, and play the effect of location, and in-line gears 412, in-line gears 414 engage with tooth bar 53 and form rolling pair.Therefore,, in the time that dc motor 431,433 drives in-line gears 411,413 motion, dc motor 432,434 is not worked; In like manner, in the time that dc motor 432,434 drives in-line gears 412,414 motion, dc motor 431,433 is not worked.Dc motor 431,432,433,434 provides power supply and control strategy by battery and control module 42, can make gear type initiatively take yarn device 4 and move back and forth along tooth bar 51 or tooth bar 53.The positioner being made up of backstay 45 and locating piece 44 is stuck in and is arranged in the gap at tooth bar 51 centers and the tooth bar gap 57 at tooth bar 53 centers, is used for preventing that gear type from initiatively taking yarn device 4 and departing from rack-and-pinion braiding chassis 5 by the pulling of knitting yarn 3 thereon.In the time that multiple gear types are initiatively taken the 4 cooperation operation of yarn device, just can drive knitting yarn 3 to form space above rack-and-pinion braiding chassis 5 and interweave, finally on shaped device 2, knit out the three-dimensional braiding preforms 1 of regulation shape.
What in 3 D weaving equipment, the control of dc motor 431,432,433,434 is adopted is the mode that PC and control module combine, realize the automated production process of three-dimension integrally braiding, can automatically weave the preform of multiple different cross section shape, in 3 D stereo braiding apparatus, control module connection diagram as shown in Figure 6.
Dc motor of each design and installation in 4 directions of 3 D weaving equipment, for example DC stepper motor, promotes to take yarn device and carries braiding yarn movement.The dc motor of 4 directions is carved at a time only has the motor of both direction in motion.In the time of the dc motor operation work of east-west direction, the dc motor of North and South direction is not worked, otherwise the same.Therefore, design has adopted the scheme of 4 dc motors of two driver drives, between driver and motor by using relay as turning to control, through 4 steps, complete a braiding circulation, motor is got back to original position, and the spread pattern of taking yarn device is identical when initial, then carry out successively.
Gear type is initiatively taken and on yarn device, is also included control module, driver module, relay, PLC unit and interface.Control module completes management and the control to motor, it is the interface of PC main frame and mechanical device, control module has been chosen the AS-49PC-4 motion control card that Japanese SEEK company releases, driver adopts ZETA4-240 type driver, AS-49PC-4 card is 4 axle pci bus motion control cards, can realize 4 axle pci bus motion controls, be applicable to location and the speed of the motor such as servo, stepping and direct current of pulse signal control, can directly realize and controlling from CPU.The highest output frequency of control module can reach 4.9MHz, uses synchronous start-up performance, can 0.0023*10
-6pulse rate carry out best straight line interpolation.Every axle all exportable pulse and direction signal to control the running of motor.Meanwhile, can external initial point, before initial point, deceleration, the switching signal such as spacing, to realize back the function such as initial point, protection, these switching signals are automatically detected and are reacted by AS-49PC-4 card.AS-49PC-4 motion control card is connected with driver, stepper motor, and main task is to produce pulse and direction signal, and the operation of control step motor makes braiding machine carry out braid movement according to weaving file.
In the control of 3 D weaving equipment, by PC instruction control module control braiding process.Control module is as motor upper control unit, form master slave control structure with PC: PC is responsible for the work of the aspect such as management and monitoring in real time of Man Machine Interface, comprises the management of keyboard and mouse, the demonstration of system mode, transmission, the monitoring of external signal etc. of control instruction.Control module completes all details of motion control, comprises the processing, initial point of output, the automatic lifting speed of pulse and direction signal and detection of the signal such as spacing etc.
Protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and distortion and not depart from the scope of the present invention and spirit the present invention.If these changes and distortion belong in the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, the intent of the present invention also comprises these changes and is out of shape interior.
Claims (2)
1. a 3 D stereo braiding apparatus, this equipment comprises that three-dimensional braiding preforms, shaped device, gear type initiatively take yarn device, rack-and-pinion braiding chassis, is characterized in that:
Gear type is initiatively taken and on yarn device, is provided with four dc motors, wherein, two dc motors in X-direction, two dc motors of Y direction, each dc motor drives respectively a pair of coaxial gear, and gear type is initiatively taken on the chassis that yarn device is directly positioned over tooth bar composition;
Rack-and-pinion braiding chassis adopts unit module assembled structure, formed by orthogonal the first tooth bar and the second tooth bar equidistantly arranged, the tooth pitch of the first tooth bar and the second tooth bar equates, in intersection region, the rectangular pyramid array of the first tooth bar and the orthogonal formation of the second tooth bar, the first tooth bar, the second tooth bar and rectangular pyramid array have formed the crisscross guide rail of initiatively taking the operation of yarn device for gear type jointly;
The base edge on rack-and-pinion braiding chassis has keyway, rack-and-pinion braiding upper end, chassis is the outstanding of eaves shape, after two unit module splicings, the middle tooth bar gap forming is as the movable passageway of backstay, locating piece is positioned at the outstanding lower end of eaves shape, and its diameter is greater than the spacing of backstay movable passageway.
2. 3 D weaving equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described gear type is initiatively taken yarn device four DC motor drive gears, in the time that two dc motor driven gears on same level line rotate, two other dc motor is not worked, and the gear of its connection moves in the mode of sliding in teeth groove.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410130876.8A CN103911744B (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | A kind of 3 D stereo braiding apparatus |
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| CN201410130876.8A CN103911744B (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | A kind of 3 D stereo braiding apparatus |
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| CN103911744A true CN103911744A (en) | 2014-07-09 |
| CN103911744B CN103911744B (en) | 2016-01-27 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107488929A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-19 | 西安工程大学 | A kind of Xie Sha mechanisms of four direction packaging type |
| WO2018071880A1 (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2018-04-19 | Inceptus Medical, Llc | Braiding machine and methods of use |
| US10660648B2 (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2020-05-26 | Inceptus Medical, Llc | Vascular occlusion devices and methods |
| CN113862897A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-31 | 中国纺织科学研究院有限公司 | Support bracket and support assembly of three-dimensional knitting machine and three-dimensional knitting machine |
| US11885051B2 (en) | 2017-10-14 | 2024-01-30 | Inceptus Medical, Llc | Braiding machine and methods of use |
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| US10577733B2 (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2020-03-03 | Inceptus Medical, Llc | Braiding machine and methods of use |
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| US11346027B2 (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2022-05-31 | Inceptus Medical, Llc | Braiding machine and methods of use |
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| CN113862897A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-31 | 中国纺织科学研究院有限公司 | Support bracket and support assembly of three-dimensional knitting machine and three-dimensional knitting machine |
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