CN103903657A - Nuclear power plant passive final hot trap cooling system and method - Google Patents
Nuclear power plant passive final hot trap cooling system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103903657A CN103903657A CN201310695712.5A CN201310695712A CN103903657A CN 103903657 A CN103903657 A CN 103903657A CN 201310695712 A CN201310695712 A CN 201310695712A CN 103903657 A CN103903657 A CN 103903657A
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- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nuclear power plant passive final hot trap cooling system and method. The nuclear power plant passive final hot trap cooling system comprises a material changing water box for providing cooling water, a safe shell, and a cooling water heat exchanging device and a passive cooling device which are successively connected with the material changing water box and the safe shell. The nuclear power plant passive final hot trap cooling system and method provided by the invention have the characteristics that the construction process is simplified, the construction investment is saved, the stability is high, the cooling effect is good and the like, and the system has the characteristic of being completely passive in an initial stage of operation when working in a second generation nuclear power station, does not need extra power, and not only can be cooled under the blackout condition of the whole station, but also can serve as a relieving method of a cold source losing accident.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nuclear power plant ultimate heat sink cooling system, relate in particular to the non-active ultimate heat sink system and method for a kind of nuclear power plant.
Background technology
A feature of nuclear reactor is after shutdown, still to need reactor core to carry out cooling; because nuclear fuel has from Decay afterheat; although control than people little many of heat that fission produces; if but can not get for a long time cooling; also can make reactor core reach the temperature of thousands of degree; causing nuclear fuel rod to melt, is then box hat, the xoncrete structure etc. that burns outer layer protection, causes nuclear leakage.And the in the situation that of reactor shutdown, the required electric power of the pump of afterheat cooling system just need to be inputted from outside.Generalized case can be prepared multichannel external power grid input, and every unit generally has 2 emergency diesel dynamos power supplies simultaneously, and the emergency diesel dynamo of other units in same power plant also can be for subsequent use mutually.
Fukushima, Japan is after strong earthquake, the external power grid of the first nuclear power plant has all been paralysed, and the emergency diesel dynamo of self is after operation one hour, also because the attack of tsunami and total loss, this just causes losing all external power source supplies, and reactor core loses and forces cooling way.Self-examination Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, it is the two large reasons that finally cause reactor core to melt that containment cooling system needs power supply support and fragile emergency power pack.
Generally adopt the security concepts of nuclear power station AP1000 of new generation to use the concept of passive security to the mode of lowering the temperature in containment in the world.For example, in the problem of shutdown heat radiation, just have the water tank of a thousands of tons of at reactor roof.Once there is the extreme accident of standby power supply total loss as Fukushima, still can allow the water sprinkle in the water tank at containment top lower the temperature on steel containment vessel surface.But this cooling method steel material that its big energy-consuming, construction water tank and steel containment vessel expend for the construction of second generation nuclear power station is huge, manufacture difficulty is higher.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, a kind of building course, saving construction investment, the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of stability nuclear power plant high and good cooling results and method simplified is provided.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: provide a kind of nuclear power plant non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system, comprise material-changing water tank, containment for chilled water is provided, be connected to chilled water heat-exchanger rig and non-active cooling device between described material-changing water tank and containment in turn;
In described containment, be provided with by chilled water being injected in described containment described containment is carried out to cooling peace note pipeline, described containment inner top be provided with by by cool water shower in described containment and described containment is carried out to cooling spray equipment, the bottom of described containment is provided with the melt pit for collecting the water in described containment;
Described non-active cooling device comprises refrigeratory, is positioned at the top of described refrigeratory and is connected the condenser of described refrigeratory by airway with fluid catheter and utilizes potential energy to carry out cooling elevated tank to described condenser, is interconnected and forms a closed circuit for closed circulating water system circulation between described refrigeratory, airway, condenser and fluid catheter;
Described material-changing water tank and described melt pit are connected respectively the entrance point of described chilled water heat-exchanger rig with second pipe by the first pipeline, the endpiece of described chilled water heat-exchanger rig connects the entrance point of described refrigeratory by the 3rd pipeline, described spray equipment is connected respectively the endpiece of described refrigeratory with peace note pipeline with the 5th pipeline by the 4th pipeline, and be respectively arranged with the first water pump and the second water pump on described the 4th pipeline and the 5th pipeline.
Preferably, on described the first pipeline to the five pipelines, be respectively equipped with operation valve, on described the first pipeline and second pipe, be also respectively equipped with retaining valve.
Preferably, between described material-changing water tank and the endpiece of described refrigeratory, be also connected with the 6th pipeline, between described material-changing water tank, the first pipeline, chilled water heat-exchanger rig, the 3rd pipeline, refrigeratory and the 6th pipeline, be interconnected and form a material-changing water tank cooling water circulation loop; Described the 6th pipeline is provided with operation valve.
Preferably, the entrance point position of described chilled water heat-exchanger rig is also provided with the 3rd water pump of getting the water in chilled water and/or the melt pit in described material-changing water tank by the first pipeline and/or second pipe pump.
Preferably, described condenser comprises coil pipe, and described coil pipe one end is connected to described refrigeratory upper end by described airway, and the described coil pipe other end is connected to the lower end of described refrigeratory by described fluid catheter; And described airway is communicated with described fluid catheter by described refrigeratory;
Described chilled water heat-exchanger rig comprises at least one heat interchanger; One end of described the first pipeline and second pipe is connected respectively described material-changing water tank and melt pit, and the other end of described the first pipeline and second pipe is all connected the entrance point of described heat interchanger; Described the 3rd pipeline one end connects the endpiece of described heat interchanger, and the other end connects the entrance point of described refrigeratory.
Preferably, described heat interchanger is connected with water inlet pipe and the rising pipe for connecting low-temperature receiver; Described low-temperature receiver enters described heat interchanger by described water inlet pipe, carries out, after heat interchange, flowing out described heat interchanger by described rising pipe with the water entering by the entrance point of described heat interchanger in described heat interchanger.
Preferably, be provided with the 7th pipeline between described elevated tank and described refrigeratory, described the 7th pipeline one end connects described elevated tank, and the other end extends to described condenser top; Described the 7th pipeline is provided with operation valve.
Preferably, between described the 4th pipeline and the 5th pipeline, be also provided with the 8th pipeline of described the 4th pipeline and the 5th pipeline communication; Described the 8th pipeline one end is in being connected between described the first water pump and containment on described the 4th pipeline, and described the 8th pipeline other end is in being connected between described the second water pump and containment on described the 5th pipeline.
Preferably, in described material-changing water tank, be provided with the liquid-level floater of surveying water level in described material-changing water tank and/or the hygrosensor of surveying the temperature variation in described material-changing water tank.
The present invention also provides a kind of nuclear power plant non-active ultimate heat sink cooling means, comprises the following steps:
S1, by the first pipeline and/or second pipe, the water in the melt pit of the chilled water of material-changing water tank and/or containment is injected to chilled water heat-exchanger rig and carry out heat exchange, the water in chilled water and/or the melt pit of described material-changing water tank 1 becomes hot water after heat exchange;
S2, described hot water is input in the refrigeratory of non-active cooling device by the 3rd pipeline, to the closed circulating water system heating of non-active cooling device, described hot water becomes chilled water again after refrigeratory;
Wherein, in closed circulating water system heating process, produce steam, steam is input in condenser by airway, and steam is the water cooling under elevated tank spray in condenser, and cooled closed circulating water system flows into refrigeratory from condenser by fluid catheter;
S3, by the second water pump on the first water pump on the 4th pipeline and/or the 5th pipeline, described chilled water is injected in described containment through spray equipment and/or peace note pipeline, described containment is lowered the temperature; Chilled water after the cooling of described containment is become in the melt pit that hot water collects in described containment again, carry out again circulating cooling work to be back to chilled water heat-exchanger rig.
The present invention realizes chilled water by chilled water heat-exchanger rig and non-active cooling device and circulates between material-changing water tank and containment, by the first water pump and the second water pump, chilled water is inputed in containment, to reach the effect of cooling containment, there is the building course of simplification, save the features such as the high and good cooling results of construction investment, stability, it has initial operating stage non-active characteristic completely while operation in second generation nuclear power station, without additionaling power; Both can be cooling in full factory dead electricity situation, also can be used as the alleviation means that lose low-temperature receiver accident.
The cooling circuit that chilled water forms between material-changing water tank, chilled water heat-exchanger rig, non-active cooling device and containment forms dual interface in external environment condition and containment inner fluid, the one-sided leakage of tolerable, when only condenser occurs to leak, the sealing of entire system is unaffected, can not cause containment sump water to leak to environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant of the present invention is unified embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the pipeline connection layout that the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant of the present invention is unified embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the pipeline connection layout of non-active another embodiment of ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant of the present invention.
Embodiment
Understand for technical characterictic of the present invention, object and effect being had more clearly, now contrast accompanying drawing and describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail.
As Figure 1-3, the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of the nuclear power plant of one embodiment of the invention, comprises material-changing water tank 1, containment 2, is connected to chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 and non-active cooling device 4 between material-changing water tank 1 and containment 2 in turn; Material-changing water tank 1 is for filling chilled water, for system provides chilled water, to carry out cooling to containment 2; Chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 is for carrying out heat interchange with chilled water; Chilled water can carry out through non-active cooling device 4 cooling after heat interchange after heating, then enters containment 2 or flow back in material-changing water tank 1.
Conventionally, the wall thickness of containment 2 is 1 meter of left and right, and thermal resistance is very big, good airproof performance, radiomaterial can be stopped therein, even if there is nuclear leakage accident, radiomaterial also can be limited in containment 2 scopes, cannot be to extraneous loss.In containment 2, be provided with peace note pipeline 21, chilled water can be injected in containment 2 and carried out cooling to containment 2 by this peace note pipeline 21; Containment 2 inner tops are provided with spray equipment 22, and chilled water can be sprayed to containment 2 and carried out cooling to containment 2 by spray equipment 22; The bottom of containment 2 arranges melt pit 23, for collecting the water in containment 2, and can discharge containment 2, thereby the heat in containment 2 is derived.
The non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant is by the setting of non-active cooling device 4, and the system that realizes (as chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 lost efficacy, nuclear power plant's power failure or dead electricity etc.) in emergent cooling situation is carried out cooling to containment 2.Non-active cooling device 4 comprises refrigeratory 41, is connected the condenser 42 of refrigeratory and utilizes potential energy to carry out cooling elevated tank 43 to condenser 42 by airway 44 with fluid catheter 45, this elevated tank 43, for filling chilled water, utilizes potential energy to drench the water to condenser 42 and in cooler condenser 42; The setting position of condenser 42 is higher than the setting position of refrigeratory 41, thereby condenser 42 is positioned at the top of refrigeratory 41, directly over this top comprises, the position such as oblique upper.Between this refrigeratory 41, airway 44, condenser 42 and fluid catheter 45, be interconnected and form a closed circuit for closed circulating water system circulation.As a kind of embodiment, condenser 42 can comprise coil pipe, and coil pipe one end is connected to refrigeratory 41 upper ends by airway 44, and the coil pipe other end is connected to the lower end of refrigeratory 42 by fluid catheter 45; And airway 44 is communicated with fluid catheter 45 by refrigeratory 41.In practice, elevated tank 43 can be arranged on the position higher than refrigeratory 41 such as mountain top.
Closed circulating water system can carry out heat interchange with the chilled water that enters refrigeratory 41 in refrigeratory 41, with the chilled water of this refrigeratory 41 of cooling process.When chilled water in 3 heat interchange of chilled water heat-exchanger rig and this refrigeratory 41 of flowing through after heating water, this hot water can carry out heat interchange with its closed circulating water system in this refrigeratory 41, closed circulating water system is heated and can vaporizes, flow in condenser 42 by airway 44, after condensation, revert back to aqueous water and automatically flow back in refrigeratory 41 through fluid catheter 45, hot water by with closed cycle hydrothermal exchange after Hui Leng.Closed circulating water system can be between heat absorption vaporization-heat release condensation repeatedly, and do not need power.
The melt pit 23 of material-changing water tank 1 and containment 2 is connected respectively the entrance point of chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 with second pipe 52 by the first pipeline 51, chilled water in material-changing water tank 1 flow to chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 by the first pipeline 51, and the water in melt pit 23 flow to chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 by second pipe 52.The endpiece of chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 connects the entrance point of refrigeratory 41 by the 3rd pipeline 53, the water in the chilled water in material-changing water tank 1 and melt pit 23 enters refrigeratory 41 by the 3rd pipeline 53 again after supercooled water heat-exchanger rig 3.Spray equipment 22 notes with peace pipeline 21 is connected respectively refrigeratory 41 with the 5th pipeline 55 endpiece by the 4th pipeline 54, make can enter in containment 2 through the 4th pipeline 54, the 5th pipeline 55 respectively through the chilled water of subcooler 41, carry out cooling to containment 2.And, on the 4th pipeline 54 and the 5th pipeline 55, be respectively arranged with the first water pump 61 and the second water pump 62, chilled water can be injected to containment 2 by the first water pump 61 and the second water pump 62 work.
The entrance point position of chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 is also provided with the 3rd water pump 63, gets the water in aforementioned two kinds for water or the pump of getting chilled water in material-changing water tank 1 by the first pipeline 51 pumps, get melt pit 23 by second pipe 52 pumps.The interior liquid-level floater 11 that further can be provided with of material-changing water tank 1, for surveying the interior water level of material-changing water tank 1; Or, in material-changing water tank 1, be provided with hygrosensor 12, for surveying the temperature variation in material-changing water tank 1; Understandably, in material-changing water tank 1, also can be provided with this liquid-level floater 11 and hygrosensor 12 simultaneously.
The first above-mentioned pipeline 51 is respectively equipped with operation valve 71,72,73,74,75 to the 5th pipeline 55, to control discharge or the switch pipeline in each pipeline.Preferably, the operation valve 74 on the 4th pipeline 54 between the first water pump 61 and spray equipment 22, close on spray equipment 22 and arrange; Operation valve 75 on the 5th pipeline 55 also can be between the second water pump 62 and peace note pipeline 21, close on peace note pipeline 21 arranges.On the first pipeline 51 and second pipe 52, be also respectively equipped with retaining valve 81,82, by retaining valve 81 being set on the first pipeline 51, can prevent that the interior chilled water of the first pipeline 51 from flowing back in material-changing water tank 1; By retaining valve 81 is set on second pipe 52, prevent that the current in second pipe 52 from returning in melt pit 23.
Further, between the 4th pipeline 54 and the 5th pipeline 55, also can be provided with the 8th pipeline 58, for the 4th pipeline 54 and the 5th pipeline 55 are communicated with.The 8th pipeline 58 one end are in being connected between the first water pump 61 and containment 2 on the 4th pipeline 54, and the other end is in being connected on the 5th pipeline 55 between the second water pump 62 and containment 2.Preferably, the 8th pipeline 58 one end are on the first water pump 61 and the 4th pipeline 54 between operation valve 74 and connect between the operation valve 75 of the 4th pipeline 54, the eight pipeline 58 other ends on the second water pump 62 and the 5th pipeline 55 and connect the 5th pipeline 55.Operation valve 78 also can be set on the 8th pipeline 58 as required.
When the first water pump 61 damages while not working, need to adopt spray equipment 22 to carry out cooling to containment 2, work by the second water pump 62, still chilled water can be flow to the 8th pipeline 58 from the 5th pipeline 55, then flow to spray equipment 22 from the 8th pipeline 58 flows to the 4th pipeline 54; Wherein, in the time not needing peace note pipeline 21 cooling containment 2, the operation valve 75 on the 5th pipeline 55 can be closed, otherwise open the operation valve 75 on the 5th pipeline 55.Equally, when the second water pump 62 damages while not working, need to adopt the cooling containment 2 of peace note pipeline 21, can work by the first water pump 61, chilled water is flow to the 8th pipeline 58 from the 4th pipeline 54, then from the 8th pipeline 58 flows to the 5th pipeline 55, flow to peace note pipeline 21; Wherein, in the time not needing spray equipment 22 cooling containment 2, the operation valve 74 on the 4th pipeline 54 can be closed, otherwise open the operation valve 74 on the 4th pipeline 54.
Further, between the endpiece of material-changing water tank 1 and refrigeratory 41, be also connected with the 6th pipeline 56, between material-changing water tank 1, the first pipeline 51, chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3, the 3rd pipeline 53, refrigeratory 41 and the 6th pipeline 56, be interconnected and form material-changing water tank 1 cooling water circulation loop, chilled water in material-changing water tank 1 can flow to chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 through the first pipeline 51, carry out heating water after heat interchange, flow of hot water to refrigeratory 41 becomes chilled water again after cooling, then can flow back in material-changing water tank 1 through the 6th pipeline 56 again.The 6th pipeline 56 is provided with operation valve 76, for switch the 6th pipeline 56 or control the interior discharge of the 6th pipeline 56.
Between elevated tank 43 and refrigeratory 41, be provided with the 7th pipeline 57, the 7th pipeline 57 one end connect elevated tank 43, the other end extends to condenser 42 tops, chilled water in elevated tank 43 can be drenched to condenser 42 by the 7th pipeline 57, the vaporize water condensation of condenser 42 inside is returned to aqueous water.For the chilled water in elevated tank 43 more evenly being poured to condenser 42 tops, can spray head 431 be set the one end above the 7th pipeline 57 is positioned at condenser 42.In addition, on the 7th pipeline 57, be also provided with operation valve (not shown), for switch the 7th pipeline 57 or control the interior discharge of the 7th pipeline 57.
Above-mentioned each water pump and operation valve etc. all can pass through Single-chip Controlling, high-energy battery power supply.Wherein, chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 comprises at least one heat interchanger 31; As shown in Figure 2, as a kind of selectivity embodiment, chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 comprises a heat interchanger 31.As another kind of selectivity embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 can comprise two heat interchanger 31, in the time that wherein heat interchanger 31 faults can not be used, starting another heat interchanger 31 works, or two heat interchanger 31 work simultaneously, in the time of heat interchanger 31 fault wherein, do not affect the heat interchange work of system.The quantity of this heat interchanger 31 arranges as required, is not limited to one or two.
One end of the first pipeline 51 and second pipe 52 is connected respectively the entrance point that material-changing water tank 1 and melt pit 23, the first pipelines 51 and the other end of second pipe 52 are all connected heat interchanger 31; The 3rd pipeline 53 one end connect the endpiece of heat interchanger 31, and the other end connects the entrance point of refrigeratory 41.Heat interchanger 31 is connected with water inlet pipe 32 and the rising pipe 33 for connecting low-temperature receiver; Low-temperature receiver enters heat interchanger 31 by water inlet pipe 32, carries out after heat interchange, by rising pipe 33 outflow heat exchangers 31 with the water entering by the entrance point of heat interchanger 31 in heat interchanger 31.Low-temperature receiver can be the waters such as sea, river or reservoir.
Under normal circumstances, the cooling means of the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of this nuclear power plant be by the 3rd water pump 63 by the chilled water of material-changing water tank 1 or/and, water in the melt pit 23 of containment 2 injects chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 and carries out heat exchange.In chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3, low-temperature receiver enters heat interchanger 31 by water inlet pipe 32, with inject chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 material-changing water tank 1 or/and the water of melt pit 23 carry out, after heat interchange, flowing back in low-temperature receiver and by heat and taking away by rising pipe 33.
Especially, the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of this nuclear power plant is useful under case of emergency (as chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 lost efficacy, nuclear power plant's power failure or dead electricity etc.) and carries out cooling to containment 2.Therefore, the present invention also provides a kind of nuclear power plant non-active ultimate heat sink cooling means, is realized by the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system work of above-mentioned nuclear power plant, and with reference to figure 1-3, the method can comprise the following steps:
S1, by the first pipeline 51 and/or second pipe 52, the water in the melt pit 23 of the chilled water of material-changing water tank 1 and/or containment 2 is injected to chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 and carry out heat exchange, the water in the chilled water of material-changing water tank 1 and/or melt pit 23 becomes hot water after heat exchange.Heat exchange mainly realizes in the heat interchanger 31 of chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3; The unlatching of the first pipeline 51 and second pipe 52 or close respectively and can control by the operation valve 71,72 on it.
S2, hot water is input to by the 3rd pipeline 53 in the refrigeratory 41 of non-active cooling device 4, to the closed circulating water system heating of non-active cooling device 4, hot water becomes chilled water again after refrigeratory 41.
Wherein, in closed circulating water system heating process, produce steam, steam is input in condenser 42 by airway 44, and steam is in the interior water cooling under elevated tank 43 sprays of condenser 42, and cooled closed circulating water system flows into refrigeratory 41 from condenser 42 by fluid catheter 45.Cooled closed circulating water system mainly flows into refrigeratory 41 from condenser 42 by fluid catheter 45 automatically by potential difference.
The unlatching of the 3rd pipeline 53 or close by the operation valve 73 on it and control.Hot water is input in non-active cooling device 4 by the 3rd pipeline 53 can be by the 3rd water pump 63 of entrance point position that is arranged on chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 realization of working.
S3, by the second water pump 62 on the first water pump 61 and/or the 5th pipeline 55 on the 4th pipeline 54, chilled water is injected in containment 2 through spray equipment 22 and/or peace note pipeline 21, containment 2 is lowered the temperature; Chilled water after containment 2 cooling is become in the melt pit 23 that hot water collects in containment 2 again, carry out again circulating cooling work to be back to chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3.Equally, the unlatching of the 4th pipeline 54 and the 5th pipeline 55 or close respectively and can control by the operation valve 74,75 on it.
With several concrete refrigerating modes, cooling means of the present invention is described below.
Safety shower pattern: in the situation that normal containment 2 sprays are controlled inefficacy, cannot lower the temperature to the interior temperature of containment 2, the heat interchanger 31 that now water in chilled water and the melt pit 23 of the water in the melt pit 23 of the chilled water of material-changing water tank 1 or containment 2 or material-changing water tank 1 injects chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 by the 3rd water pump 63 carries out becoming hot water after heat exchange; Open the operation valve on the 3rd pipeline 53, hot water is input to by the endpiece of heat interchanger 31 in the refrigeratory 41 of non-active cooling device 4, to the closed circulating water system heating of non-active cooling device 4, in closed circulating water system heating process, can produce steam, steam is input in condenser 42 by airway 44, run into the water under the spray in elevated tank 43, steam heat release condensation, owing to there being potential difference, cooled closed circulating water system flows into refrigeratory 41 from condenser 42 by fluid catheter 45 automatically, and hot water becomes chilled water again after refrigeratory 41; Close the operation valve on operation valve, the 5th pipeline 55 on the 6th pipeline 56 simultaneously, by the first water pump 61 and the second water pump 62, chilled water is injected in containment 2, by spray equipment 22, containment 2 is lowered the temperature, the melt pit 23 that water collects in containment 2 again carries out circulating cooling work again to be back to heat interchanger 31.
Emergent peace injection-molded: in the situation that normal containment 2 safety injection systems lost efficacy, cannot maintain reactor water loading amount.The heat interchanger 31 that now water in chilled water and the melt pit 23 of the water in the melt pit 23 of the chilled water in material-changing water tank 1 or containment 2 or material-changing water tank 1 injects chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 by the 3rd water pump 63 carries out becoming hot water after heat exchange; Open the operation valve on the 3rd pipeline 53, hot water is input to by the endpiece of heat interchanger 31 in the refrigeratory 41 of non-active cooling device 4, to the closed circulating water system heating of non-active cooling device 4, in closed circulating water system heating process, can produce steam, steam is input in condenser 42 by airway 44, run into the water under the spray in elevated tank 43, steam heat release condensation, owing to there being potential difference, cooled closed circulating water system flows into refrigeratory 41 from condenser 42 by fluid catheter 45 automatically, and hot water becomes chilled water again after refrigeratory 41; Close the operation valve on operation valve, the 4th pipeline 54 on the 6th pipeline 56 simultaneously, by the first water pump 61 and the second water pump 62, chilled water is injected in containment 2, note pipeline 21 by peace containment 2 is lowered the temperature, the melt pit 23 that water collects in containment 2 again carries out circulating cooling work again to be back to heat interchanger 31.
Safety shower, peace injection-molded: the in the situation that of normal containment 2 spray controls and safety injection system inefficacy, the heat interchanger 31 that now water in chilled water and the melt pit 23 of the water in the melt pit 23 of the chilled water in material-changing water tank 1 or containment 2 or material-changing water tank 1 injects chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 by the 3rd water pump 63 carries out becoming hot water after heat exchange; Open the operation valve on the 3rd pipeline 53, hot water is input to by the endpiece of heat interchanger 31 in the refrigeratory 41 of non-active cooling device 4, to the closed circulating water system heating of non-active cooling device 4, in closed circulating water system heating process, can produce steam, steam is input in condenser 42 by airway 44, run into the water under the spray in elevated tank 43, steam heat release condensation, owing to there being potential difference, cooled closed circulating water system flows into refrigeratory 41 from condenser 42 by fluid catheter 45 automatically, and hot water becomes chilled water again after refrigeratory 41; Operation valve on the 6th pipeline 56 simultaneously, by the first water pump 61 and the second water pump 62, chilled water is injected in containment 2, by spray equipment 22 and peace note pipeline 21, containment 2 is lowered the temperature, the melt pit 23 that water collects in containment 2 again carries out circulating cooling work again to be back to heat interchanger 31.
In addition, the cooling means sea of realizing by the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant of the present invention comprises emergent refrigerating mode: the in the situation that of extreme case or disaster, the low-temperature receiver entrance of chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 cannot be worked or be blocked, containment 2 does not have the supply of low-temperature receiver, now the chilled water in material-changing water tank 1 injects chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 by the 3rd water pump 63, and now, chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 cannot with low-temperature receiver heat exchange, on the contrary because other thermal source makes it to heat up, and need to be by the first pipeline 51 by the chilled water input chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 in material-changing water tank 1, cooling water flow carries out heat interchange and takes away the heat of chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3 through the heat interchanger 31 of chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3, chilled water is because heat absorption becomes hot water.The operation valve of the 3rd pipeline 53 is opened, the endpiece of hot water by heat interchanger 31 is in the 3rd pipeline 53 is input to the refrigeratory 41 of non-active cooling device 4, to the closed circulating water system heating of non-active cooling device 4, in closed circulating water system heating process, can produce steam, steam is input in condenser 42 by airway 44, run into the water under elevated tank 43 sprays, steam heat release condensation, owing to there being potential difference, cooled closed circulating water system flows into refrigeratory 41 from condenser 42 by fluid catheter 45 automatically, close the operation valve on the 4th pipeline 54 simultaneously, operation valve on the 5th pipeline 55, hot water becomes chilled water again and is back to and in material-changing water tank 1, is carried out circulating cooling work again by the 6th pipeline 56 after refrigeratory 41.
The cooling circuit that chilled water forms between material-changing water tank 1, chilled water heat-exchanger rig 3, non-active cooling device 4 and containment 2 forms dual interface in external environment condition and containment 2 inner fluids, the one-sided leakage of tolerable, when only condenser 42 occurs to leak, the sealing of entire system is unaffected, can not cause containment sump 23 water to leak to environment.In conjunction with the development of thermal conduction study, it is cooling that the present invention can be used for traditional prestress containment 2; Without building large-sized steel containment, can simplify building course, save construction investment, the possibility that does not have steel corrosion to cause containment attenuate even to be bored a hole, can guarantee that containment is cooling carries out continuously.This cooling circuit can for two generation nuclear power station safety upgrade, avoid, to the interior direct water filling of containment 2, preventing containment 2 superpressures, avoid radioactivity to environmental emission.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes instructions of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant, it is characterized in that, comprise material-changing water tank (1), containment (2) for chilled water is provided, be connected to chilled water heat-exchanger rig (3) and non-active cooling device (4) between described material-changing water tank (1) and containment (2) in turn;
In described containment (2), be provided with by chilled water being injected in described containment (2) described containment (2) is carried out to cooling peace note pipeline (21), described containment (2) inner top be provided with by by cool water shower in described containment (2) and described containment (2) is carried out to cooling spray equipment (22), the bottom of described containment (2) is provided with the melt pit (23) for collecting the water in described containment (2);
Described non-active cooling device (4) comprises refrigeratory (41), is positioned at the top of described refrigeratory (41) and is connected the condenser (42) of described refrigeratory (41) by airway (44) with fluid catheter (45) and utilizes potential energy to carry out cooling elevated tank (43) to described condenser (42), is interconnected and forms a closed circuit for closed circulating water system circulation between described refrigeratory (41), airway (44), condenser (42) and fluid catheter (45);
Described material-changing water tank (1) and described melt pit (23) are connected respectively the entrance point of described chilled water heat-exchanger rig (3) with second pipe (52) by the first pipeline (51), the endpiece of described chilled water heat-exchanger rig (3) connects the entrance point of described refrigeratory (41) by the 3rd pipeline (53), described spray equipment (22) notes with peace pipeline (21) is connected respectively described refrigeratory (41) with the 5th pipeline (55) endpiece by the 4th pipeline (54), and be respectively arranged with the first water pump (61) and the second water pump (62) on described the 4th pipeline (54) and the 5th pipeline (55).
2. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the first pipeline (51) is respectively equipped with operation valve (71,72,73,74,75) to the 5th pipeline (55), is also respectively equipped with retaining valve (81,82) on described the first pipeline (51) and second pipe (52).
3. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, between the endpiece of described material-changing water tank (1) and described refrigeratory (41), be also connected with the 6th pipeline (56), between described material-changing water tank (1), the first pipeline (51), chilled water heat-exchanger rig (3), the 3rd pipeline (53), refrigeratory (41) and the 6th pipeline (56), be interconnected and form a material-changing water tank (1) cooling water circulation loop; Described the 6th pipeline (56) is provided with operation valve (76).
4. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the entrance point position of described chilled water heat-exchanger rig (3) is also provided with the 3rd water pump (63) of getting the water in chilled water and/or the melt pit (23) in described material-changing water tank (1) by the first pipeline (51) and/or second pipe (52) pump.
5. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described condenser (42) comprises coil pipe, described coil pipe one end is connected to described refrigeratory (41) upper end by described airway (44), and the described coil pipe other end is connected to the lower end of described refrigeratory (41) by described fluid catheter (45); And described airway (44) is communicated with described fluid catheter (45) by described refrigeratory (41);
Described chilled water heat-exchanger rig (3) comprises at least one heat interchanger (31); Described the first pipeline (51) is connected respectively described material-changing water tank (1) and melt pit (23) with one end of second pipe (52), and described the first pipeline (51) and the other end of second pipe (52) are all connected the entrance point of described heat interchanger (31); Described the 3rd pipeline (53) one end connects the endpiece of described heat interchanger (31), and the other end connects the entrance point of described refrigeratory (41).
6. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described heat interchanger (31) is connected with water inlet pipe (32) and the rising pipe (33) for connecting low-temperature receiver; Described low-temperature receiver enters described heat interchanger (31) by described water inlet pipe (32), carry out after heat interchange with the water entering in described heat interchanger (31) by the entrance point of described heat interchanger (31), flow out described heat interchanger (31) by described rising pipe (33).
7. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, between described elevated tank (43) and described refrigeratory (41), be provided with the 7th pipeline (57), described the 7th pipeline (57) one end connects described elevated tank (43), and the other end extends to described condenser (42) top; Described the 7th pipeline (57) is provided with operation valve.
8. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of nuclear power plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, between described the 4th pipeline (54) and the 5th pipeline (55), be also provided with the 8th pipeline (58) of described the 4th pipeline (54) and the connection of the 5th pipeline (55); It is upper that described the 8th pipeline (58) one end is connected to described the 4th pipeline (54) between described the first water pump and containment (2), and described the 8th pipeline (58) other end is in being connected between described the second water pump and containment (2) on described the 5th pipeline (55).
9. according to the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling system of the nuclear power plant described in claim 1-8 any one, it is characterized in that, in described material-changing water tank (1), be provided with the hygrosensor (12) of surveying the liquid-level floater (11) of the interior water level of described material-changing water tank (1) and/or surveying the temperature variation in described material-changing water tank (1).
10. the non-active ultimate heat sink cooling means of nuclear power plant, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1, by the first pipeline (51) and/or second pipe (52), the water in the melt pit (23) of the chilled water of material-changing water tank (1) and/or containment (2) is injected to chilled water heat-exchanger rig (3) and carry out heat exchange, the water in the chilled water of described material-changing water tank (1) and/or melt pit (23) becomes hot water after heat exchange;
S2, described hot water is input to by the 3rd pipeline (53) in the refrigeratory (41) of non-active cooling device (4), to the closed circulating water system heating of non-active cooling device (4), described hot water becomes chilled water again after refrigeratory (41);
Wherein, in closed circulating water system heating process, produce steam, steam is input in condenser (42) by airway (44), steam is the water cooling under elevated tank (43) spray in condenser (42), and cooled closed circulating water system flows into refrigeratory (41) from condenser (42) by fluid catheter (45);
S3, by the second water pump (62) on the first water pump (61) on the 4th pipeline (54) and/or the 5th pipeline (55), described chilled water is injected in described containment (2) through spray equipment (22) and/or peace note pipeline (21), described containment (2) is lowered the temperature; Chilled water after described containment (2) cooling is become in the melt pit (23) that hot water collects in described containment (2) again, carry out again circulating cooling work to be back to chilled water heat-exchanger rig (3).
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Inventor after: Wu Zhenhua Inventor after: Lin Jiedong Inventor after: Zhang Shipeng Inventor after: Pu Jiang Inventor after: Wang Yujie Inventor after: Li Heng Inventor after: Zhong Sheng Inventor after: Huang Weigang Inventor after: Huang Yuanzheng Inventor after: Dai Zhonghua Inventor after: Hong Zhenmin Inventor after: Wang Qinhu Inventor after: Zhang Fengbin Inventor after: Zhang Yuhong Inventor after: Chen Junqi Inventor before: Wu Zhenhua Inventor before: Huang Weigang Inventor before: Huang Yuanzheng |
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Effective date of registration: 20161123 Address after: 518031 Guangdong city of Shenzhen province Futian District science and technology building, Shangbu road 18 Patentee after: China General Nuclear Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Lingdong Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Patentee after: China General Nuclear Power Corporation Address before: 518031 Guangdong city of Shenzhen province Futian District science and technology building, Shangbu road 18 Patentee before: China General Nuclear Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Patentee before: China General Nuclear Power Corporation |