CN103900751B - Borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two-circuit hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress device and method of testing - Google Patents
Borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two-circuit hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress device and method of testing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two-circuit hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress device and method of testing, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod bottom is provided with packer and is arranged in boring, by drilling rod deck, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod is fixed on hell, described borehole wire-line coring drilling rod bottom thread connection becomes joint, and upper packer is connected in and becomes on joint; High pressure entry access high-pressure hose outside boring, high-pressure hose penetrates the pipe clamp and snap ring that arrange in special drill pipe sub, by special drill pipe sub and jig, high-pressure hose is made to obtain suspension strut in borehole wire-line coring drilling rod inside, in bottom, drilling rod connects change joint, after high-pressure hose connects change joint, thin high-pressure hose is connected to packer, thick high-pressure hose and packer center-pole UNICOM UNICOM's fracturing section hole wall; High-pressure hose is connected with ground high-pressure pump in upper end, and high-pressure pump can, respectively to test section pressurization in packer and packer, carry out testing and obtaining test figure.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rock mechanics technical field, relate to hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress technology, namely carried out the technology of hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress by borehole wire-line coring drilling rod, specifically relate to a kind of borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two-circuit hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress device and method.
Background technology
Terrestrial stress is the basic acting force causing tunnel surrounding and Support Deformation to destroy, before carrying out large moldeed depth Tunnel Engineering and building, in order to ensure engineering safety, the research of crustal stress states is necessary, particularly in heavily stressed area, Tunnel during Construction rock excavation can cause a series of discharge to terrestrial stress relevant distortion with at breakoff phenomenon, detecting earth stress is then the important content carrying out tunnel rock burst and the forecast of other hazard predictions.
Hydraulic fracturing is the main method for measurement of the mensuration rock stress recommendation that ISRM promulgates, hydraulic fracturing is the advanced method that directly can carry out deep-hole blast at present in the world preferably, and hydraulic fracturing is widely used in the every field of the industry rock engineerings such as water conservancy and hydropower, traffic, mine and geodynamic study.
Hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress principle utilizes a pair expandable rubber packer, at predetermined MTD packing one section boring rock mass, then pumping liquid is exerted pressure to this section of boring, break until rock produces, according to pressure characteristic value and the pressure-break direction of fracturing process curve, definitely stress level, direction and the Changing Pattern along the degree of depth thereof.
Tradition hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress technology can be divided into single loop method and two-circuit method.Wherein, single loop method adopts drilling rod to be pressure channel, only carries out pressure channel switching in bottom, carries out pressure break to borehole wall rock, require that drilling rod bears elevated pressures.Two-circuit method adopts two pipelines, and one is high-pressure hose, to the pressurization of packing capsule and the monitoring in sealing drilling rock interval; It two is drilling rod, carry out pressure break to rock between bore area, thus obtain Characteristic pressures and determine rock mass stress vector, high-pressure hose is fixed on outside drilling rod by two-circuit method, above two kinds of methods all need using drilling rod as high-pressure channel, by whole for drilling rod joint screw thread sealing, high-pressure channel need be formed, is not suitable for the drilling rod of thin-walled, otherwise, drilling rod easily produces pressure break, and terrestrial stress equipment and capstan, be subject to compression swelling distortion and slippage.Need before test to carry out dismantling to drill pipe sub and seal, and drill pipe sub dismounting difficulty, waste time and energy.Generally speaking, rig rod boring used, and test with this drilling rod, as need drilling rod be changed, need larger expense.
At present, the gun drilling that the detecting earth stress degree of depth is greater than 500 meters, most employing borehole wire-line coring drilling rod carries out pore-creating, in view of borehole wire-line coring drilling rod is thinner, all need using drilling rod as high-pressure channel with existing hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress, under the high pressure that terrestrial stress test needs, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod is exerted pressure and easily produces pressure break, because boring is darker, joint between every root 3 meters of drilling rods is thread connection, the thread connection position of drilling rod, slippage is easy to because of dilatational strain, drilling rod and terrestrial stress testing equipment is easily caused to lose, this is the biggest problem generally directly can not testing terrestrial stress in gun drilling.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part, a kind of borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two-circuit hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress device is provided, by special drill pipe sub and jig, there is provided high-pressure hose in borehole wire-line coring drilling rod inner suspension support, and connect change joint by borehole wire-line coring drilling rod bottom, make in borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two high-pressure hoses be connected respectively to test section between packer and packer, realize two-circuit method applied voltage test.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wire line coring boring two-circuit hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress method, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod bottom is provided with packer and is arranged in boring, be connected with ground high-pressure pump by two high-pressure hoses of inserting borehole wire-line coring drilling rod inside, high-pressure pump is respectively to test section pressurization between upper lower packet and packer, change by obtaining process of the test pressure and store and the break length and direction record record of stitching, thus obtaining test findings.
The present invention solves its technical matters by the following technical solutions: a kind of borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two-circuit hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress device, mainly in borehole wire-line coring drilling rod bottom, packer be installed and be arranged in boring, by drilling rod deck, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod is fixed in boring during test, described borehole wire-line coring drilling rod bottom thread connection becomes joint, and upper packer is connected in and becomes on joint;
Connect with special drill pipe sub between described borehole wire-line coring drilling rod, in special drill pipe sub, be provided with snap ring and pipe clamp;
High pressure entry outside boring accesses thin high-pressure hose, thick high-pressure hose respectively, and thin high-pressure hose, thick high-pressure hose are connected to pressure transducer 3 respectively, and described thin high-pressure hose, thick high-pressure hose penetrate the pipe clamp arranged in drilling rod respectively, and be placed on snap ring;
Thin high-pressure hose in described drilling rod, thick high-pressure hose are by becoming joint, and thin high-pressure hose is by flexible pipe and be connected to packer, fracturing section between high-pressure hose UNICOM upper packer center-pole and packer.
And, described packer packer center-pole two ends respectively with upper packer and lower packet thread connection, upper packer and lower packet are respectively two expandable rubber packers, set on borehole wall.
And, described pressure transducer access data Acquisition Instrument, and access access computing machine.
Described thin high-pressure hose, thick high-pressure hose are connected to tensimeter respectively.
All adopt between described thin high-pressure hose, between thick high-pressure hose and be threaded.
A kind of borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two-circuit hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress method, its operation steps is as follows:
1) equipment is installed: in aperture, by in pipe clamp and the special drill pipe sub of snap ring, pipe clamp is locked the thickness high-pressure hose that mates with run of steel and is put into borehole wire-line coring drilling rod, special tool joint thread connects borehole wire-line coring drilling rod, joint will be become connect with packer, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod bottom thread connection becomes joint, connect thickness high-pressure hose respectively, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod, the borehole wire-line coring drilling rod being connected with thickness high-pressure hose is transferred in lifting, packer is put into selected hole depth, ground is connected to the thin high-pressure hose of hydraulic pump, thick high-pressure hose penetrates borehole wire-line coring drilling rod, the thin high-pressure hose in bottom, thick high-pressure hose accesses change joint respectively, thin high-pressure hose is connected to packer, thick high-pressure hose UNICOM packer center-pole fracturing section hole wall between UNICOM's packer,
2) pressurization is set: hydraulic pump makes it expand from high pressure entry to thin high-pressure hose water filling pressurization, sets in hole wall, forms pressure-bearing section space, to thick high-pressure hose water filling pressurization, pressure-bearing section pressurized;
3) crag breaks: under enough large hydraulic action, hole wall occurs breaking along a line of least resistance, and this breaks extending in least principal stress plane perpendicular on cross section, corresponding, when pump pressure rises to threshold burst pressure value, rock masses fracturing force value sharply declines;
4) pump release is closed: closing presure pump, fracturing liquid penetrates into rock stratum, thick high-pressure hose channel inner pressure slowly declines, when pressure drops to pressure when making crack be in critical closure state, pressure when namely reaching balance perpendicular to the least principal stress of fracture plane and hydraulic circuit, open pressure valve release, make crack completely closed, this process is by pressure transducer, Acquisition Instrument and computer-automatic collection data and store.
Operation steps also comprises:
1) to re-open deblocking: by according to claim 6 1) ~ 3) step carries out repeatedly pressurized circulation continuously, obtain repeatedly fracturing parameter, judge the process of rock burst and fracture propagation, after pressure break, remove thick high-pressure hose pressure, liquid in packer is made to be refluxed by thin high-pressure hose and reduce pressure, removing seal for packer;
2) break seam record: after said process completes, and by connecting die device, drilling rod and single high-pressure hose and putting selected depth to hole, the form of the seam that broken by die device and orienting device record thereof, can obtain stress direction.
The present invention compared with prior art also has following major advantage:
1, the present invention adopts borehole wire-line coring drilling rod bottom to be connected with packer and is arranged in boring, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod bottom thread connection becomes joint, packer is connected in and becomes on joint, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod only play fixed supporting role to terrestrial stress packer and high-pressure hose pipeline, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod does not bear high pressure, avoid borehole wire-line coring drilling rod wall thinner pressurized pressure break slippage risk, ensure that drilling tool and the testing equipment safety in high-potting.
2, the present invention is by borehole wire-line coring drilling rod built-in two-circuit hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress device, be applicable to the large boring that fathoms, special drill pipe sub is had to connect between two borehole wire-line coring drilling rods, two high-pressure hoses are locked by the snap ring pipe clamp in drilling rod special fit respectively, by special drill pipe sub and jig, there is provided high-pressure hose in the suspension of borehole wire-line coring drilling rod inside, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod is not owing to being stressed, the thinner pressurized dilatational strain of borehole wire-line coring drilling rod wall and slippage, avoid causing drilling rod and terrestrial stress testing equipment to lose.
3, the present invention adopts and utilizes borehole wire-line coring drilling rod to the protection of hole wall, can realize the terrestrial stress test of passing through the boring of understable soft stratum, extend the scope of application of hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress.
4, two-circuit of the present invention hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress device adopts borehole wire-line coring drilling rod bottom thread connection to become joint, packer thread is connected in and becomes on joint, high-pressure hose connects employing and is threaded or rapid-acting coupling, high-pressure hose and change joint sealing thread connection, save drill pipe sub dismounting and Sealing period, simple to operate, test period is short, can shorten man-hour and test duration nearly 20-40%.
5, the present invention adopts borehole wire-line coring drilling rod bottom to connect terrestrial stress equipment, namely borehole wire-line coring drilling rod bottom is provided with packer and is arranged in boring, two high-pressure hose lower ends in drilling rod connect with change joint screw thread, and be connected to fracturing section between packer capsule and packer respectively, article two, high-pressure hose upper end is connected with ground high-pressure pump, high-pressure pump can respectively to test section pressurization between packer and packer, thus make packer inflation set after hole wall, realizes two-circuit method applied voltage test.
6, the present invention is owing to adopting borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two-circuit hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress method, a measuring point carries out repeatedly pressurized circulation continuously, in process by pressure transducer by high-pressure hose pressure signal feedback computer system processing, can fracturing parameter be obtained thus calculate terrestrial stress value.Remove aperture place high-pressure hose pressure, removing seal for packer, continuation connection drilling rod and high-pressure hose can proceed the terrestrial stress value test of next selected hole depth.By connecting die device, drilling rod and single high-pressure hose and putting selected depth to hole, the form of the seam that broken by die device and orienting device record thereof, can obtain stress direction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two-circuit of the present invention hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress apparatus structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two-circuit of the present invention hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress device flexible pipe, change joint, packer connect schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two-circuit of the present invention hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress device becomes joint design schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two-circuit of the present invention hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress device pipe clamp structure schematic diagram.
Computing machine 1, Acquisition Instrument 2, pressure transducer 3, tensimeter 4, pipe clamp 5, snap ring 6, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod 7, thin high-pressure hose 8, thick high-pressure hose 9, become joint 10, connecting hose 11, upper packer 12, fracturing section connecting hose 13, lower packet 14, terrestrial stress boring 15, hanging basket 16, rig and elevator 17, mushroom head 18, drilling rod deck 19, special drill pipe sub 20, upper packer center-pole 21, high pressure entry 22, packer 23.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
See Fig. 1,2,3,4, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two-circuit of the present invention hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress device, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod 7 bottom thread connection becomes joint 10, upper packer 12 thread connection is on change joint 10, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod 7 connects with special drill pipe sub 20, be provided with snap ring 6 and pipe clamp 5 in special drill pipe sub 20, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod 7 bottom is provided with packer B and is placed in boring 15, by drilling rod deck 19 and mushroom head 18, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod 7 is fixed on boring 15 mouthfuls.
Hydraulic pump outside boring 15 accesses thin high-pressure hose 8, thick high-pressure hose 9 from high pressure entry 22, and thin high-pressure hose 8, thick high-pressure hose 9 are connected to pressure transducer 3, pressure transducer 3 access data Acquisition Instrument 2 respectively, and access access computing machine 1.
Special drill pipe sub 20 is connected on drilling rod, thin high-pressure hose 8, thick high-pressure hose 9 penetrates the pipe clamp 5 arranged in special drill pipe sub 20 respectively, and be fixed on snap ring 6, thin high-pressure hose 8, thick high-pressure hose 9 self connects all employing screw thread or rapid-acting coupling and connects, thin high-pressure hose 8 in drilling rod 7, thick high-pressure hose 9 is by becoming joint 10, and then thin high-pressure hose 8 is connected to packer 23 by flexible pipe 11 and 13, fracturing section between thick high-pressure hose 9 UNICOM upper packer center-pole 21 and packer 23, packer be upper packer center-pole 22 two ends respectively with upper packer 12 and lower packet 14 thread connection, upper packer 12 and lower packet 14 are respectively two expandable rubber packers, set on boring 15 hole wall.
Borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two-circuit hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress step.Before drilling rod is put into boring, special drill pipe sub is locked together with pipe clamp and snap ring the thickness flexible pipe mated with run of steel and puts into drilling rod.
When equipment puts into hole, first change joint and packer connected and first put into aperture, borehole wire-line coring drilling rod bottom thread connection becomes joint, lift by crane the ready drilling rod of next root, high-pressure hose and drilling rod is connected in aperture, the borehole wire-line coring drilling rod and flexible pipe that connect are transferred in lifting, by above-mentioned steps, packer are put into selected hole depth.Forming upper packer center-pole is connected on change joint, ground is connected to the thin high-pressure hose of hydraulic pump, thick high-pressure hose penetrates borehole wire-line coring drilling rod, snap ring is provided with and pipe clamp is locked in special drill pipe sub, in bottom, thin high-pressure hose, thick high-pressure hose access change joint respectively, last thin high-pressure hose is connected to packer, and thick high-pressure hose UNICOM upper packer center-pole is fracturing section hole wall between final UNICOM packer also.
Hydraulic pump makes it expand from high pressure entry to thin high-pressure hose water filling pressurization, sets in hole wall, forms pressure-bearing section space, to thick high-pressure hose water filling pressurization, and pressure-bearing section pressurized; Under enough large hydraulic action, hole wall occurs breaking along a line of least resistance, and this breaks extending in least principal stress plane perpendicular on cross section, corresponding, and when pump pressure rises to threshold burst pressure value, rock masses fracturing force value sharply declines.Closing presure pump, fracturing liquid penetrates into rock stratum, thick high-pressure hose channel inner pressure slowly declines, when pressure drops to pressure when making crack be in critical closure state, pressure when namely reaching balance perpendicular to the least principal stress of fracture plane and hydraulic circuit, open pressure valve release, make crack completely closed.This process is by pressure transducer, Acquisition Instrument and computer-automatic collection data and store.Carry out repeatedly pressurized circulation continuously by above-mentioned steps, obtain repeatedly fracturing parameter, judge the process of rock burst and fracture propagation, after pressure break, remove thin and tall pressure hose pressure, make liquid in packer be refluxed by thin high-pressure hose and reduce pressure, removing seal for packer.
Continuation connection drilling rod and high-pressure hose can proceed the terrestrial stress value test of next selected hole depth.By connecting die device, drilling rod and single high-pressure hose and putting selected depth to hole, the form of the seam that broken by die device and orienting device record thereof, can obtain stress direction.
Claims (3)
1. adopt borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two-circuit hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress device to carry out a method for detecting earth stress, it is characterized in that:
This detecting earth stress device has borehole wire-line coring drilling rod (7), this borehole wire-line coring drilling rod (7) bottom is provided with upper packer (12) and lower packet (14), borehole wire-line coring drilling rod (7) is arranged in boring (15), by drilling rod deck (19), borehole wire-line coring drilling rod (7) is fixed in boring (15) during test, described borehole wire-line coring drilling rod (7) bottom thread connection becomes joint (10), and upper packer (12) is connected in and becomes on joint (10);
There is in described borehole wire-line coring drilling rod (7) special drill pipe sub (20), in special drill pipe sub (20), be provided with snap ring (6) and pipe clamp (5);
Described boring (15) high pressure entry outward (22) accesses thin high-pressure hose (8) and thick high-pressure hose (9) respectively, described thin high-pressure hose (8) and described thick high-pressure hose (9) are connected to pressure transducer (3) respectively, described thin high-pressure hose (8) and described thick high-pressure hose (9) penetrate the described pipe clamp (5) arranged in borehole wire-line coring drilling rod (7) respectively, and are placed on described snap ring (6);
Described thin high-pressure hose (8) in described borehole wire-line coring drilling rod (7) and described thick high-pressure hose (9) are through described change joint (10), thin high-pressure hose (8) is connected to described upper packer (12) by the first flexible pipe (11), and be connected to described lower packet (14), fracturing section between thick high-pressure hose (9) UNICOM packer center-pole (21) and packer by the second flexible pipe (13);
Packer center-pole (21) two ends respectively with described upper packer (12) and described lower packet (14) thread connection, described upper packer (12) and described lower packet (14) are respectively two expandable rubber packers, set on described boring (15) hole wall;
This detecting earth stress method comprises the following steps:
Step 1) equipment installation: in aperture, described pipe clamp (5) and described snap ring (6) are arranged in described special drill pipe sub (20), described pipe clamp (5) locks the described thick high-pressure hose (9) and described thin high-pressure hose (8) that mate with described borehole wire-line coring drilling rod (7) length, and described thick high-pressure hose (9) and described thin high-pressure hose (8) are put into described borehole wire-line coring drilling rod (7), borehole wire-line coring drilling rod (7) described in described special drill pipe sub (20) thread connection, joint (10) is become described in the thread connection of described borehole wire-line coring drilling rod (7) bottom, described borehole wire-line coring drilling rod (7) is inner, described thin high-pressure hose (8) is connected with described change joint (10) respectively with described thick high-pressure hose (9), and the connecting hose (11) be connected with change joint (10) lower end respectively and upper packer center-pole (21) UNICOM, lifting is transferred and is connected described borehole wire-line coring drilling rod (7), described packer is put into selected hole depth, ground is connected to the described thin high-pressure hose (8) of high pressure entry (22) and described thick high-pressure hose (9) penetrates described borehole wire-line coring drilling rod (7), in bottom, described thin high-pressure hose (8) and described thick high-pressure hose (9) access described change joint (10) respectively, described thin high-pressure hose (8) is connected to described upper packer (12) and described lower packet (14), fracturing section between packer described in packer center-pole (21) described in described thick high-pressure hose (9) UNICOM UNICOM,
Step 2) set pressurization: hydraulic pump makes it expand from described high pressure entry (22) to described thin high-pressure hose (8) water filling pressurization, sets in hole wall, form pressure-bearing section space, to described thick high-pressure hose (9) water filling pressurization, pressure-bearing section pressurized;
Step 3) crag breaks: under enough large hydraulic action, hole wall occurs breaking along a line of least resistance, and this breaks extending in least principal stress plane perpendicular on cross section, corresponding, when pump pressure rises to threshold burst pressure value, rock masses fracturing force value sharply declines;
Step 4) close pump release: closing presure pump, fracturing liquid penetrates into rock stratum, described thick high-pressure hose (9) channel inner pressure slowly declines, when pressure drops to pressure when making crack be in critical closure state, pressure when namely reaching balance perpendicular to the least principal stress of fracture plane and hydraulic circuit, open pressure valve release, make crack completely closed, this pass pump stress-relief process is by pressure transducer, Acquisition Instrument and computer-automatic collection data and store;
Step 5) deblocking of re-opening: by described step 1) ~ 3) carry out repeatedly pressurized circulation continuously, obtain repeatedly fracturing parameter, judge the process of rock burst and fracture propagation, after pressure break, remove thick high-pressure hose pressure, liquid in packer is made to be refluxed by thin high-pressure hose and reduce pressure, removing seal for packer;
Step 6) break seam record: after said process completes, by connecting die device, drilling rod and single high-pressure hose and putting selected depth to hole, the form of the seam that broken by die device and orienting device record thereof, can obtain stress direction.
2. a kind of method adopting borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two-circuit hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress device to carry out detecting earth stress according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pressure transducer (3) access data Acquisition Instrument (2), and access computing machine (1).
3. a kind of method adopting borehole wire-line coring drilling rod two-circuit hydraulic fracturing detecting earth stress device to carry out detecting earth stress according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described thin high-pressure hose (8) and thick high-pressure hose (9) are connected to tensimeter (4) respectively.
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