CN103900113A - High-efficiency non-coking solid particle fuel gasification combustor - Google Patents
High-efficiency non-coking solid particle fuel gasification combustor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103900113A CN103900113A CN201410091972.6A CN201410091972A CN103900113A CN 103900113 A CN103900113 A CN 103900113A CN 201410091972 A CN201410091972 A CN 201410091972A CN 103900113 A CN103900113 A CN 103900113A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency non-coking solid particle fuel gasification combustor. The high-efficiency non-coking solid particle fuel gasification combustor comprises a gasification combustion core (1) and a sleeve (2) outside the core. The gasification combustion core (1) is tubular as a whole. A through cavity in the gasification combustion core (1) is divided into a combustion gasification chamber (11) and a fuel gas combustion chamber (12), and an opening in the bottom of the gasification combustion core (1) is an ash outlet (13) and is also a fuel combustion-supporting air inlet. An opening in the upper portion of the gasification combustion core (1) is a flame outlet (14) and is also a solid particle fuel inlet. The sleeve (2) outside the core is tubular as a whole, the gasification combustion core (1) is sleeved with the sleeve (2) outside the core, and an annular interlayer cavity between the gasification combustion core (1) and the sleeve (2) outside the core is an intake air preheating balancing chamber (22). Gas holes are formed in the gasification combustion core (1). Practice repeatedly proves that the problem that because fuel and fuel ash coke and become blocky in a fuel duct, the fuel duct is blocked will not be caused, and the combustor is high in efficiency, capable of saving energy, environmentally friendly and free of smoke.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cooking stove parts, is mainly a kind of solid particle fuel gasification combustor of solid particle fuel cooking stove parts, particularly a kind of efficient noncoking; It is installed in the burner hearth of solid particle fuel cooking stove, and solid particle fuel is burnt therein and gasified, and the flame producing therein and the combustion gas of gasification are sent in burner hearth.
Background technology
Solid particle fuel mainly comprises biomass granule fuel, mineral particle fuel etc.
Biomass granule fuel is called for short biomass fuel, biomass fuel mostly is agricultural wastes and timber refuse is bulk (the being mainly cylindric) fuel that main (stem shape crops, peanut shell, bark, sawdust and solid waste (furfural dregs, edible fungi residues etc.)) produce through processing, its diameter is generally 6 ~ 8 millimeters, length is 4 ~ 5 times of its diameter, percentage of damage is less than 1.5% ~ 2.0%, dry basis moisture content is less than 10% ~ 15%, content of ashes is less than 1.5%, sulfur content and chlorinity are all less than 0.07%, and nitrogen content is less than 0.5%.Biomass fuel has following characteristics:
1, biomass fuel caloric value is large, and caloric value is in about 3900 ~ 4800 kilocalories/kg, the caloric value after charing up to 7000-8000 kilocalories/kg.
2, biomass fuel purity is high, does not produce the foreign material of heat containing other, its carbon content 75-85%, ash 3-6%, water content 1-3%
3, containing gangue, the impurity of heat dissipation on the contrary that do not generate heat such as stone, will be directly Reducing Cost in Enterprises.
4, biomass fuel is sulfur-bearing phosphorus not, does not corrode boiler, and in service life that can prolonged boiler, enterprise is by benefited a great deal.
5, due to not sulfur-bearing phosphorus of biomass fuel, when burning, do not produce sulfur dioxide and phosphorus pentoxide, thereby can not cause acid rain to produce, not atmosphere pollution, free from environmental pollution.
6, biomass fuel sanitation and hygiene, feed intake conveniently, reduce workman's labour intensity, have greatly improved work situation, and enterprise is by the cost reducing for labour aspect.
7, after biomass fuel combustion, ash quarrel is few, greatly reduces the place of stacking coal quarrel, reduces muck removal expense.
8, the ashes after biomass fuel combustion are the high high-quality organic potassic fertilizers of grade, recyclable making profits.
9, biomass fuel is that the Nature is bestowed the reproducible energy in us, creates saving property society, the adventurous headman that industry nurtures agriculture.
Biomass fuel is the ideal fuels of the daily productive life of people thus, is the developing direction of environmental protection, sustainable energy; But there is following problem in current biomass stove:
1. there is no independently burner, there is no independently burner, whole burner hearth dust, when the dust flying upward is fallen burner hearth, is difficult to cleaning in burner hearth everywhere, can be cumulative; Combusting firepower is not prosperous, efficiency is not high.Be " loose fire " everywhere, firepower is not concentrated, the flame space of not circling round.
2. charging and ash discharge trouble, even affect continuous burning; Mainly to adopt flat push type feeding at present, or time-sharing type feeding, easily coking; Ash discharge trouble, ash discharge continuously, need human assistance ability ash discharge toward contact, dust coking in burner hearth (i.e. caking) after fuel and combustion, often cause fuel to enter not go, dust can't get out, every burning just must be ceased fire after several hours, burner in biomass stove is carried out to labor cleaning, cause truce, time-consuming useless power, coking problem has become the significant obstacle (be that people often abandon using biomass stove because of the problem of coking in burner, and adopt gas furnace) of biomass stove lifeline;
3. be directly to enter cold air, and upper and lower temperature difference in restive burner hearth, cause the interior temperature of burner hearth high, the temperature difference is high, and (the high-temperature region temperature on top is high, can reach 1000 ℃ of above superhigh temperature, and the low-temperature space temperature of bottom is low, generally below 100 ℃), this environment makes fuel and the easy coking of dust, stops up combustion road (fuel channel and passage of flame), even cannot burn away; Because temperature is unstable unbalanced, gasification result is also bad simultaneously;
4. fuel efficiency rate (fuel efficiency rate refers to that the heat energy of being fully used after biomass fuel combustion accounts for all ratios of the clean rear whole heat energy that produce of burning of biomass fuel) is not high; For hypoxgia, burn insufficient, flue gas is many, and fuel efficiency rate is low; Gasification degree is not high, incomplete combustion, and a large amount of combustibles is not fully burnt.
Mineral particle fuel can be that coal is processed into granular fuel, and it burns and exists and the essentially identical problem of biomass granule fuel in current fuel cooking stove.
Summary of the invention
The solid particle fuel gasification combustor that the object of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art and provide a kind of efficient noncoking, thus it proves there will not be fuel and combustion ash in the fast problem of stopping up combustion road of interior coking knot through practice repeatedly; It is energy-efficient, and fuel efficiency rate can reach more than 80%; Environmental protection, smoke dust.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of solid particle fuel gasification combustor of efficient noncoking, and it comprises gasification, and combustion core; Gasification, and combustion in-core is the cavity of upper and lower opening, and its entirety in a tubular form; The cavity of gasification, and combustion in-core is divided into combustion gasification chamber and gas combustion chamber, and combustion gasification chamber is positioned at the inner chamber Lower Half of gasification, and combustion core, and solid particle fuel is mainly burnt and gasified in combustion gasification chamber; Gas combustion chamber is positioned at the inner chamber first half of gasification, and combustion core, and the combustion gas after solid particle fuel gasification is mainly burnt in gas combustion chamber; Gasification, and combustion core bottom opening is ash hole, and ash hole is also fuel combustion supporting air inlet; Gasification, and combustion core upper opening is flame export, is also solid particle fuel import.
The further technical scheme of the present invention is: the gas combustion chamber of described gasification, and combustion in-core for olive shape, small in ends, broad in the middle up and down; Combustion gasification chamber is cylindricality or up-small and down-big platform shape cavity, is also that the angle R that gasification, and combustion in-core sidewall and baseplane form is less than or equal to 90 degree.
The present invention further technical scheme is: it also comprises core overcoat, core overcoat entirety in a tubular form, the side profile of the inner chamber of core overcoat and gasification, and combustion core adapts, gasification, and combustion core retainer plate is contained in core overcoat, between gasification, and combustion core and core overcoat, separate a gap to form an annular clamping cavity, the annular clamping cavity between gasification, and combustion core and core overcoat is air intake preheating compensating chamber; The top of core overcoat is provided with an air intake and chews, and its endoporus is connected with air intake preheating compensating chamber; On gasification, and combustion core, have the hole of linking up air intake preheating compensating chamber and gasification, and combustion in-core chamber.
The present invention further technical scheme is: the hole that has communication air intake preheating compensating chamber and gasification, and combustion in-core chamber on described gasification, and combustion core is located at respectively bottom and the top of gasification, and combustion core, the hole of bottom is gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet, and the hole on top is the combustion-supporting fresh air inlet of flue gas; Gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet is positioned at the junction of gasification combustion chamber and gas combustion chamber; The combustion-supporting fresh air inlet of flue gas is near the position of flame export.
The present invention also further technical scheme is: described gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet is multiple, multiple gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlets are divided into many rows up and down, multiple gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlets of every row are along the bottom that is circumferentially distributed in gasification, and combustion core, and every row's gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet is 15 to 30; The combustion-supporting fresh air inlet of flue gas is multiple, and the combustion-supporting fresh air inlet of multiple flue gases is divided into many rows up and down, and every row's the combustion-supporting fresh air inlet of multiple flue gases is along being circumferentially distributed on gasification, and combustion core and near flame export.
The further technical scheme of the present invention is: described gasification, and combustion core outside is positioned at air intake preheating compensating chamber and is equipped with pre-backing along circumferential Lower Half; Air intake is chewed in air intake preheating compensating chamber upper position.
The further technical scheme of the present invention is: the position that is close to flame export on described gasification, and combustion core is provided with flame spread and chews, and flame spread is chewed as horn mouth shape; The upper and lower side of gasification, and combustion core or core overcoat is respectively equipped with the nosing of outlet up and down for sealing air intake preheating compensating chamber; The upper outside of gasification, and combustion core is provided with the ribs that can strengthen the firmness that flame spread chews; Core overcoat outside is also provided with the ribs that can strengthen structural capacity; Core overcoat lower end is also provided with the flange for installing; The cross section of gasification, and combustion core is annular.
The present invention compared with prior art has following features:
1. repeatedly prove that through practice the present invention there will not be fuel and combustion ash fast at interior coking knot, thus obstruction combustion road, and so that the phenomenon that cannot burn away, the structure of the present invention of tracing it to its cause is brought:
A. the angle R that gasification, and combustion core 1 madial wall and baseplane form is less than or equal to 90 degree, can guarantee that the dust after fuel burns in combustion gasification chamber 11 can fall by nature, destroys the flowing environment of coking;
2. repeatedly prove that through practice fuel efficiency rate of the present invention is high, can reach more than 80%, far above the fuel efficiency rate of 50% left and right of common biomass stove, the structure of the present invention of tracing it to its cause is brought:
A. the gas combustion chamber of gasification, and combustion in-core is olive shape, and it is long that the fire that combustion gas and fuel gas buring produce falls into the time of staying, and combustion gas meeting is burnt more fully, can improve efficiency of combustion;
B. flame spread chews 15 for horn mouth shape, is convenient to flame to burner hearth intramedullary expansion, improves the temperature in whole burner hearth;
C. by blast apparatus, air is chewed to 21 from air intake and be blown into air intake preheating compensating chamber 22, then by gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet 18, arrive the junction of gasification combustion chamber 11 and gas combustion chamber 12, converge with the combustion gas of gasifying through gasification combustion chamber 11, for fuel gas buring provides enough oxygen, combustion gas can fully be burnt; Be blown into gas combustion chamber 12 and combustion gasification chamber 11 from the hot-air of the top preheating of air intake preheating compensating chamber 22, make fuel can fully burn, gasify better (with respect to cold air);
D. air intake is chewed 21 and is located on core overcoat 2 and is positioned at air intake preheating compensating chamber 22 upper positions, can make like this air enter the stroke of air intake preheating compensating chamber 22 longer, on the one hand air is carried out to preheating, enable to be fully used, reach energy-conservation effect, on the other hand balance the temperature difference of gasification, and combustion core 1 top and the bottom, the temperature difference of gasification, and combustion core 1 top and the bottom is diminished, can make the interior high-temperature region of gasification, and combustion core 1 temperature step-down, destroy the environment of gasification, and combustion core 1 fuel and dust coking, the low-temperature space temperature of bottom uprises, can make better gasification and the burning of fuel of gasification, and combustion core 1 bottom, gasification is good with combustion efficiency,
E. gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet 18 is sent into hot-air, can help the fuel (being combustion gas) of gasification fully to mix with the junction of gas combustion chamber 12 in gasification combustion chamber 11, conflagration, and enter in gas combustion chamber 12 and burn away, the effect of Danone efficient burning;
F. gasification, and combustion core 1 upper opening is flame export 14, is again charging aperture simultaneously, and solid particle fuel enters gasification, and combustion core 1 from here, forms counter-current relationship with flame, can dry in advance solid particle fuel, improves fuel performance and the thermal efficiency;
G. the combustion-supporting fresh air inlet 19 of flue gas is sent into some air, and high-temperature flue gas, can conflagration under oxygen combustion-supporting, can improve fuel efficiency rate so on the one hand, and flue gas is fully burned on the other hand, and the discharge of minimizing flue gas reaches the effect of energy-conserving and environment-protective; Two groups of fresh air inlets match with circular air inlet preheating compensating chamber 22, can make air intake along the circumferential balanced air intake of 360 deg, the burning that makes fuel and gasification different azimuth all balanced burn and gasify more even, stablize;
Applicant is through up to a hundred efficiency of combustion tests, detection, and fuel efficiency rate is on average more than 80%, far above current solid particle fuel stove.
3. gasification, and combustion core and core overcoat adopt split-type structural to be convenient to maintenance and clean annular clamping cavity; The effect that the cold air that pre-backing 111 can improve an air intake preheating compensating chamber 22 carries out preheating; The upper outside of gasification, and combustion core 1 is provided with the ribs 151 that can strengthen flame spread and chew 15 firmness, and ribs 151 can also improve air preheat effect simultaneously; Core overcoat 2 outsides are also provided with the ribs 23 that can strengthen structural capacity, can prevent from hardening cracking; Core overcoat 2 lower ends are also provided with the flange 24 for installing, and flange 24 is provided with the screw for installing.
4. smoke dust, environmental protection.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, detailed construction of the present invention is further described.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of gasification, and combustion core of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the upward view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of core overcoat of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As Figure 1-5: a kind of solid particle fuel gasification combustor of efficient noncoking, it comprises gasification, and combustion core 1 and core overcoat 2, gasification, and combustion core 1 entirety in a tubular form, is the cavity (hollow tubular is also that its inner chamber is through hole) of upper and lower opening in it, as Fig. 3, shown in 4, inner chamber in gasification, and combustion core 1 is divided into combustion gasification chamber 11 and gas combustion chamber 12, combustion gasification chamber 11 is positioned at the inner chamber Lower Half of gasification, and combustion core 1, solid particle fuel (also can be called for short and make fuel below) is mainly burnt and is gasified in combustion gasification chamber 11, combustion gasification chamber 11 is cylindricality or up-small and down-big platform shape cavity, also be that the angle R that gasification, and combustion core 1 madial wall and baseplane form is less than or equal to 90 degree, to guarantee that the dust after fuel burns in combustion gasification chamber 11 can fall by nature, if angle R is greater than an angle of 90 degrees, fuel and dust can be descending not smooth, form coking so that easily block, gas combustion chamber 12 is positioned at the inner chamber first half of gasification, and combustion core 1, combustion gas (can directly be called for short below combustion gas) after fuel gasification is mainly in this burning, the body shape of gas combustion chamber 12 is olive shape (being that entirety is olive shape), also small in ends up and down, broad in the middle, due to broad in the middle, the fire that fuel combustion produces in combustion gasification chamber 11 falls into, the fire that the combustion gas that fuel gasification produces and fuel gas buring produce falls into meeting while arriving gas combustion chamber 12 middle part " suddenly enlightened hold wide ", be that the fire that fuel combustion produces falls into, the fire that the combustion gas that fuel gasification produces and fuel gas buring produce is flow velocity slow down (because gas flow rate and cross-sectional area are inversely proportional to) while falling into gas combustion chamber 12 middle part, the time of staying is long, combustion gas meeting is burnt more fully, can improve efficiency of combustion, fuel burns and gasifies in combustion gasification chamber 11, a composition part after gasification is burnt in gas combustion chamber 12, some burns away after entering burner hearth (having gone out gasification, and combustion core 1), so that after-flame, gasification, and combustion core 1 bottom (positive bottom) opening (being the end mouth of combustion gasification chamber 11) is ash hole 13, ash hole 13 is the outlet of combustion ash (dust producing after fuel combustion), ash hole 13 is also fuel combustion supporting air inlet simultaneously, and air when fuel burns and gasifies enters from the fuel combustion supporting air inlet of bottom, gasification, and combustion core 1 upper opening is flame export 14, be again charging aperture simultaneously, be that solid particle fuel enters gasification, and combustion core 1 from here, the position that is close to flame export 14 on gasification, and combustion core 1 is provided with flame spread and chews 15, flame spread chews 15 for horn mouth shape, be convenient to flame to burner hearth intramedullary expansion, improve the temperature in whole burner hearth.
The cross section of gasification, and combustion core 1 is annular (as shown in Figure 2,4).
As shown in Figure 5, core overcoat 2 entirety in a tubular form, side profile (the side profile of the inner chamber of core overcoat 2 and gasification, and combustion core 1, do not comprise bottom surface and end face) adapt, gasification, and combustion core 1 is sleeved in core overcoat 2, separates a gap to form an annular space between gasification, and combustion core 1 and core overcoat 2, forms annular clamping cavity, make whole the present invention be generally double-decker, the annular clamping cavity between gasification, and combustion core 1 and core overcoat 2 is air intake preheating compensating chamber 22, gasification, and combustion core 1 and core overcoat 2 can be integral structures, can be also split-type structural (shown in Fig. 1 are split-type structurals), adopt split-type structural to be convenient to maintenance and clean annular clamping cavity, the upper and lower side of gasification, and combustion core 1 is respectively equipped with the nosing (16,17) matching with core overcoat 2, to seal the outlet up and down of air intake preheating compensating chamber 22, certainly, the nosing (16,17) of outlet up and down that seals air intake preheating compensating chamber 22 also can be located on core overcoat 2, and this belongs to simple equivalent technologies and replaces, the top of core overcoat 2 is provided with an air intake, and to chew 21(can be only also an air intake opening, and this belongs to simple equivalent technologies and replaces), its endoporus is connected with air intake preheating compensating chamber 22, as shown in Figure 1,3, the bottom of gasification, and combustion core 1 and top are provided with two groups of fresh air inlets, i.e. the combustion-supporting fresh air inlet 19 of gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet 18 and flue gas, gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet 18 is divided into six rounds up and down, multiple gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlets 18 of every row are along the bottom that is circumferentially distributed in gasification, and combustion core 1, and be positioned near the junction of gasification combustion chamber 11 and gas combustion chamber 12, every row's gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet 18 is 15-30 hole (as shown in Fig. 3), it is communicated with air intake preheating chamber 21 and gas combustion chamber 12 and combustion gasification chamber 11, by blast apparatus, air is chewed to 21 from air intake and be blown into air intake preheating compensating chamber 22, then by gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet 18, arrive the junction of gasification combustion chamber 11 and gas combustion chamber 12, converge with the combustion gas of gasifying through gasification combustion chamber 11, for fuel gas buring provides enough oxygen, combustion gas can fully be burnt, air intake is chewed 21 and is located at and on core overcoat 2, is positioned at air intake preheating compensating chamber 22 upper positions, can make like this air enter the stroke of air intake preheating compensating chamber 22 longer, simultaneously because gas combustion chamber's 12 temperature of gasification, and combustion core 1 generally can be higher than the temperature of combustion gasification chamber 11, the first half temperature of gasification, and combustion core 1 is higher than Lower Half temperature, the air that enters air intake preheating compensating chamber 22 is mobile actual is from top to bottom that air is moved to low-temperature space from the high-temperature region of gasification, and combustion core 1 appearance, form reverse movement with the flame of gasification, and combustion core 1 inner chamber, on the one hand air is carried out to preheating, enable to be fully used, reach energy-conservation effect, on the other hand balance the temperature difference of gasification, and combustion core 1 top and the bottom, the temperature difference of gasification, and combustion core 1 top and the bottom is diminished, can make the interior high-temperature region of gasification, and combustion core 1 temperature step-down, because what first cold air reached after coming in is high-temperature region, like this because the temperature difference is large, cold air can absorb a large amount of heat energy fast, make the high temperature fast reducing on gasification, and combustion core 1 top, be unlikely to temperature too high, destroy the environment of gasification, and combustion core 1 fuel and dust coking, the low-temperature space temperature of bottom uprises, can make better gasification and the burning of fuel of gasification, and combustion core 1 bottom, gasification is good with combustion efficiency.Because fuel burns and gasifies in combustion gasification chamber 11, the bottom-up junction through gasification combustion chamber 11 and gas combustion chamber 12 of fuel after gasification, at this moment oxygen the air entering from fuel combustion supporting air inlet is because the burning of fuel is exhausted substantially, can cause the fuel of gasification can not fully to burn because of no oxygen, it is the oxygen supply deficiency of combustion gasification chamber 11, cause combustion gas fully to burn, at this moment just in time gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet 18 is sent into hot-air, can help the fuel (being combustion gas) of gasification fully to mix with the junction of gas combustion chamber 12 in gasification combustion chamber 11, conflagration, and enter in gas combustion chamber 12 and burn away, reach the effect of efficient burning.
The combustion-supporting fresh air inlet 19 of flue gas is along the top that is circumferentially distributed in gasification, and combustion core 1, it is communicated with air intake preheating chamber 21 and gas combustion chamber 12, due to the aggregation zone for the combustion gas that produces after fuel combustion carbonization of gas combustion chamber 12, its firepower is large, temperature is high, maximum temperature can reach 900 degree, at this moment the airborne oxygen of sending into from fuel combustion supporting air inlet and gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet 18 is exhausted, in the time that the flame of fuel combustion and fuel gas buring generation will be discharged from gas combustion chamber 12, may aggravate because oxygen is not enough combustion gas fuming, causing combustion gas and flue gas to stablize fully burns, cause flue dust to produce, these high-temperature flue gas, can atmosphere be produced and be polluted, at this moment just in time send into some air by the combustion-supporting fresh air inlet 19 of flue gas of gasification, and combustion core 1, high-temperature flue gas is under oxygen combustion-supporting, meeting conflagration, can improve fuel efficiency rate so on the one hand, flue gas is fully burned on the other hand, reduce the discharge of flue gas, reach the effect of energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Be blown into gas combustion chamber 12 and combustion gasification chamber 11 from the hot-air of the top preheating of air intake preheating compensating chamber 22, make fuel can fully burn, gasify better (with respect to cold air).
Two groups of fresh air inlets match with circular air inlet preheating compensating chamber 22, can make air intake along the balanced air intake of circumferential 360 deg, the burning that makes fuel and gasification different azimuth all balanced carrying out (rather than resemble traditional air intake and take from a direction air intake, make burning and asynchronous the carrying out of gasification, do not have the fuel combustion beyond perforate slower or insufficient with gasification), for also there is no the fully gas-fired combustion-supporting of gasification, enter in burner hearth and burn away, make firepower more prosperous, the fuel gas buring of gasification is more abundant, and burning and gasification are more stable;
Gasification, and combustion core 1 outside is positioned at the air intake preheating compensating chamber 22 circumferential Lower Halves in edge (being also the gasification, and combustion core 1 the highest position of cavity temperature) and all establishes (evenly lay) and have pre-backing 111(or be fin, because be preheating with respect to air intake, but be heat radiation with respect to gasification, and combustion core 1, to reduce the temperature of gasification, and combustion core 1, prevent from exceeding 1,000 degrees Celsius and cause coking), the effect that the cold air that pre-backing 111 can improve an air intake preheating compensating chamber 22 carries out preheating.
The upper outside of gasification, and combustion core 1 is provided with the ribs 151 that can strengthen flame spread and chew 15 firmness, and ribs 151 can also improve air preheat effect simultaneously.
Core overcoat 2 outsides are also provided with the ribs 23 that can strengthen structural capacity, can prevent from hardening cracking; Core overcoat 2 lower ends are also provided with the flange 24 for installing, and flange 24 is provided with the screw for installing.
Using method of the present invention and operation principle: the present invention is used for being arranged in burner hearth, and be connected with air feed system, feed system and ash discharge system, the solid fuel conveying device of feed system drops into solid particle fuel from gasification, and combustion core 1 its top feed mouth (flame export 14), fuel burns in combustion gasification chamber 11, gasification, gasification enters burning in gas combustion chamber 12, due to the fuel dropping into motion from top to bottom under Action of Gravity Field, and flame in combustion gasification chamber 11 moves from bottom to top, solid particle fuel and flame counter motion, because the temperature of gasification combustion chamber is higher, make solid fuel drop into gasification, and combustion core 1 interior rear dry rapidly, and enter in combustion gasification chamber 11 in fired state, and be fully burned, gasify simultaneously, in the time that the flame in combustion gasification chamber 11 enters into gas combustion chamber 12, because the gas combustion chamber 12 of gasification, and combustion core 1 is broad in the middle, all can " suddenly enlightened hold wide " when the combustion gas of fuel, gasification and fire fall into gas combustion chamber 12 middle part, be the combustion gas of fuel, gasification and fire while falling into middle part flow velocity slow down (because gas flow rate is inversely proportional to area of section), the gasification of fuel and burn more abundant like this, air intake preheating compensating chamber 22 is positioned at gasification, and combustion core 1 outside, blast apparatus is chewed 21 by air from air intake and is blown into, from top to bottom, the outside of substantially inswept gasification, and combustion core 1, cold air is through gasification, and combustion core 1 outer surface, heated, while entering gasification, and combustion core 1, general temperature can reach more than 300 ℃, be equivalent to air to carry out preheating, it is little to the combustion effects of gasification, and combustion core 1 the inside that this hot-air enters gasification, and combustion core 1, can adapt to the internally fired requirement of gasification, and combustion core 1, cold air hot-air enters the combustion-supporting energy of having saved again relatively, the combustion-supporting fresh air inlet 19 of gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet 18 and flue gas is along being circumferentially evenly arranged and can making air intake even, and combustion gasification is even, more far better than single side face air inlet effect, can not cause the phenomenon of " Bian Yin limit sun ", and burning and gasification are more completely evenly, cold air is to enter gasification combustion chamber 11 from bottom to top from fuel combustion supporting air inlet (ash hole 13), it is just in time solid fuel accumulation regions herein, and cold air is direct and solid fuel meets, might as well to fuel cooling-down effect, the temperature of (gasification combustion chamber 11) in gasification, and combustion core 1 makes more than can not reach 900 degree, thereby the environment of solid fuel coking is not existed, avoided coking, the solid fuel of graininess (being generally φ 5～φ 6mm order of magnitude) constantly drops into from top to bottom, the dust (being generally the μ m order of magnitude) burning will constantly drop to ash hole place downwards and discharge from ash discharge system (sieve aperture of fire grate), particularly ash falls to ash discharge to have brought convenience under naturally vertical by Action of Gravity Field, does not need manually or other device shovels out ash from gasification combustion chamber 11, the air of sending in gasification, and combustion core 1 by gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet 18 and the combustion-supporting fresh air inlet 19 of flue gas from air intake preheating compensating chamber 22 is the hot-air of three or four hundred degree, making to have a narrow range of temperature in whole gasification, and combustion core 1, (upper and lower temperature difference is in 400 degree left and right, if the method that picture is traditional, directly enter cold air, more than the interior upper and lower temperature difference of gasification, and combustion core 1 can reach 900 degree, easy coking caking), temperature equalization, is conducive to gasification and firepower even, stable, lasting.
In the process of noncoking of the present invention and power-saving technology formation, applicant has successively done the test (applicant has dropped into a large amount of manpower and financial resources) of at every turn burning for more than 100 time more than 7 hours in nearly 2 years, test shows that fuel efficiency rate of the present invention is on average more than 80%, far above current solid particle fuel stove; In 50 test of many times below, high-temperature region (gasification, and combustion core 1 internal upper part flame export 14 places) temperature is low, do not exceed 1000 ℃, low-temperature space (the interior lower air intake of gasification, and combustion core 1 place) temperature is high, can reach more than 300 ℃, have a narrow range of temperature, temperature stabilization in whole gasification combustor, gasification, and combustion cmpletely, also destroyed 1000 ℃ of above coking environment, never occurred the situation of fuel and dust coking simultaneously.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned concrete structure, as long as within bottom top charging simultaneously, automatic ash discharge, the outer solid gasification combustor that is provided with air intake preheating chamber of gasification, and combustion core 1 just drop on protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a solid particle fuel gasification combustor for efficient noncoking, is characterized in that: it comprises gasification, and combustion core (1); In gasification, and combustion core (1), be the cavity of upper and lower opening, its entirety in a tubular form; Cavity in gasification, and combustion core (1) is divided into combustion gasification chamber (11) and gas combustion chamber (12), combustion gasification chamber (11) is positioned at the inner chamber Lower Half of gasification, and combustion core (1), and solid particle fuel is mainly burnt and gasifies in combustion gasification chamber (11); Gas combustion chamber (12) is positioned at the inner chamber first half of gasification, and combustion core (1), mainly burning in gas combustion chamber (12) of the combustion gas after solid particle fuel gasification; Gasification, and combustion core (1) bottom opening is ash hole (13), and ash hole (13) is also fuel combustion supporting air inlet; Gasification, and combustion core (1) upper opening is flame export (14), is also solid particle fuel import.
2. the solid particle fuel gasification combustor of efficient noncoking according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the gas combustion chamber (12) in described gasification, and combustion core (1) be olive shape, small in ends, broad in the middle up and down; Combustion gasification chamber (11) is cylindricality or up-small and down-big platform shape cavity, is also that the angle R that gasification, and combustion core (1) madial wall and baseplane form is less than or equal to 90 degree.
3. the solid particle fuel gasification combustor of efficient noncoking according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: it also comprises core overcoat (2), core overcoat (2) entirety in a tubular form, the side profile of the inner chamber of core overcoat (2) and gasification, and combustion core (1) adapts, gasification, and combustion core (1) is sleeved in core overcoat (2), between gasification, and combustion core (1) and core overcoat (2), separate a gap to form an annular clamping cavity, the annular clamping cavity between gasification, and combustion core (1) and core overcoat (2) is air intake preheating compensating chamber (22); The top of core overcoat (2) is provided with an air intake and chews (21), and its endoporus is connected with air intake preheating compensating chamber (22); On gasification, and combustion core (1), have the hole of linking up air intake preheating compensating chamber (22) and gasification, and combustion core (1) inner chamber.
4. the solid particle fuel gasification combustor of efficient noncoking according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the hole that has communication air intake preheating compensating chamber (22) and gasification, and combustion core (1) inner chamber on described gasification, and combustion core (1) is located at respectively bottom and the top of gasification, and combustion core (1), the hole of bottom is gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet (18), and the hole on top is the combustion-supporting fresh air inlet of flue gas (19); Gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet (18) is positioned at the junction of gasification combustion chamber (11) and gas combustion chamber (12); The combustion-supporting fresh air inlet of flue gas (19) is near the position of flame export (14).
5. the solid particle fuel gasification combustor of efficient noncoking according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet (18) is for multiple, multiple gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlets (18) are divided into many rows up and down, multiple gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlets (18) of every row are along the bottom that is circumferentially distributed in gasification, and combustion core (1), and every row's gas-fired combustion-supporting fresh air inlet (18) is 15 to 30; The combustion-supporting fresh air inlet of flue gas (19) is multiple, the combustion-supporting fresh air inlet of multiple flue gases (19) is divided into many rows up and down, and every row's the combustion-supporting fresh air inlet of multiple flue gases (19) is upper also near flame export (14) along being circumferentially distributed in gasification, and combustion core (1).
6. the solid particle fuel gasification combustor of efficient noncoking according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described gasification, and combustion core (1) outside is positioned at air intake preheating compensating chamber (22) and is equipped with pre-backing (111) along circumferential Lower Half; Air intake is chewed (21) in air intake preheating compensating chamber (22) upper position.
7. the solid particle fuel gasification combustor of efficient noncoking according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described gasification, and combustion core (1) outside is positioned at air intake preheating compensating chamber (22) and is equipped with pre-backing (111) along circumferential Lower Half; The top of core overcoat (2) is provided with an air intake and chews (21), and its endoporus is connected with air intake preheating compensating chamber (22), and air intake is chewed (21) in air intake preheating compensating chamber (22) top correspondence position.
8. the solid particle fuel gasification combustor of efficient noncoking according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described gasification, and combustion core (1) outside is positioned at air intake preheating compensating chamber (22) and is equipped with pre-backing (111) along circumferential Lower Half; The top of core overcoat (2) is provided with an air intake and chews (21), and its endoporus is connected with air intake preheating compensating chamber (22), and air intake is chewed (21) in air intake preheating compensating chamber (22) top correspondence position.
9. the solid particle fuel gasification combustor of efficient noncoking according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the position that is close to flame export (14) on described gasification, and combustion core (1) is provided with flame spread and chews (15), flame spread is chewed (15) for horn mouth shape; The upper and lower side of gasification, and combustion core (1) or core overcoat (2) is respectively equipped with the nosing (16,17) of outlet up and down for sealing air intake preheating compensating chamber (22); The upper outside of gasification, and combustion core (1) is provided with can be strengthened flame spread and chew the ribs of the firmness of (15) (151); Core overcoat (2) outside is also provided with the ribs (23) that can strengthen structural capacity; Core overcoat (2) lower end is also provided with the flange (24) for installing; The cross section of gasification, and combustion core (1) is annular.
10. the solid particle fuel gasification combustor of efficient noncoking according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the position that is close to flame export (14) on described gasification, and combustion core (1) is provided with flame spread and chews (15), flame spread is chewed (15) for horn mouth shape; The upper and lower side of gasification, and combustion core (1) or core overcoat (2) is respectively equipped with the nosing (16,17) of outlet up and down for sealing air intake preheating compensating chamber (22); The upper outside of gasification, and combustion core (1) is provided with can be strengthened flame spread and chew the ribs of the firmness of (15) (151); Core overcoat (2) outside is also provided with the ribs (23) that can strengthen structural capacity; Core overcoat (2) lower end is also provided with the flange (24) for installing; The cross section of gasification, and combustion core (1) is annular.
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| CN103900113B (en) | 2016-02-17 |
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