background technology:
Radix Notoginseng is araliaceae ginseng plant; main product is in Yunnan, and the Compendium of Materia Medica that begins to be loaded in, is China's tradition rare Chinese medicine; there is blood circulation promoting and blood stasis dispelling; subduing swelling and relieving pain, the effects such as hemostasia and dissipation blood stasis, Radix Notoginseng different parts contains more than 20 kind of saponin constituent; its main active is Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins; Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins has increase coronary flow, and protection cerebral tissue, expands the effects such as blood vessel and blood pressure lowering.
Current extraction process for notoginseng saponin mainly contains decoction alcohol precipitation method, ethanol refluxing process and percolation.Wherein decoction alcohol precipitation method in water decoction process because pseudo-ginseng contains a large amount of starch and the easy gelatinizing of polysaccharide; Adsorption saponin loss due to precipitation after precipitate with ethanol is larger, and extraction ratio is lower, and the content less stable of product component, is used for the exploitation of food; Percolation extraction ratio is higher, simple to operate, and extracting solution impurities is few, but solvent consumption is excessive, is mainly used in medicine; Ethanol refluxing process method is easy, and process conditions are easy to control, but extraction ratio is lower, and these several extracting method all require the dry rhizomes of Panax notoginseng of raw material choose (clip), processing leftover pieces to extract, and obviously makes extracting cycle extend.
And emerging enzymatic isolation method and said method combine as decoction alcohol precipitation method, thereby the Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins extracting in fresh Radix Notoginseng has effectively shortened the process-cycle, increase the productive rate of arasaponin, improve extraction efficiency, but cellulase or the pectases of adopting carry out enzymolysis processing more in traditional enzymatic isolation method, traditional enzymatic isolation method cellulase or pectase cannot effectively solve the gelatinizing problem of decocting in alcohol process.
Beta amylase generally in food processing, grain processing, ferment, brewage, the industry such as textile has important function, β-amylase is as saccharifying agent, can be applicable to the commercial production such as medicated beer, maltose, beverage, it is the important enzyme source of food processing and brewing industry, beta amylase is usually used in as the amylolysis in fruit juice processing and improves the rate of filtration, and the outer glycosidase of penicillium oxalicum born of the same parents is usually used in the conversion of glycoside compounds.
Simultaneously, the dry Radix Notoginseng of many employings is that raw material extracts arasaponin now, cycle is long, cost is high, be unfavorable for the intensive of related industry, also be unfavorable for market regulation, the control ability of Yunnan notoginseng, skill upgrading, economic benefit to enterprise of one's native land increase, and the sustainable development that promotes Radix Notoginseng industry is had a negative impact.
summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to the deficiency for existing extracting method, provide a kind of beta amylase in the application of extracting in Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins, beta amylase is carried out to enzyme to be introduced in the new technology of extracting saponin constituent in fresh Radix Notoginseng, take fresh Radix Notoginseng as raw material, guarantee quality and the extraction ratio of Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins, shortened the traditional mode of production cycle, be conducive to market regulation, the control ability of Yunnan notoginseng, the skill upgrading, the economic benefit that realize enterprise of one's native land increase, and promote the sustainable development of Radix Notoginseng industry.
Beta amylase, in an application of extracting in Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins, uses beta amylase in extraction Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins, and its concrete grammar step is as follows:
The first step: pulverize and granulate, fresh raw material Radix Notoginseng material is cleaned, clean, dry after surperficial moisture content and is broken into the fresh granule of 10-20 object with pulverizer at shady and cool place;
Second step: enzymolysis processing, the fresh particulate samples of fresh Radix Notoginseng 10-20 order crushing is put and extracted in molten device, add beta amylase (0.1ml-0.2ml/200g) to carry out enzymolysis processing 1-2h, add again the 50%-90% ethanol that 6-10 doubly measures to carry out reflux, extract,, filter, collect filtrate, for subsequent use;
The 3rd step: merging filtrate, concentrated, vacuum 0.075-0.08 handkerchief decompression recycling ethanol, temperature 70 C, obtains fresh Radix Notoginseng extracting solution;
The 4th step: precipitate with ethanol processing, fresh Radix Notoginseng extraction is carried out to precipitate with ethanol processing with flocculating agent and precipitate with ethanol ethanol, the precipitate with ethanol time is 12-36h, precipitate with ethanol concentration of alcohol is 60%-90%, precipitate with ethanol number of times is 1-3 time, and alcohol precipitation concentration and sample liquid ratio are 1:1-1:3, and flocculant concentration is 4%-7%;
The 5th step: eluting processing, the fresh Radix Notoginseng extracting solution that precipitate with ethanol is handled well is by D101 macroporous adsorptive resins, and the 1.2-1.8 that resin demand is raw material doubly, first uses distilled water eluting, and the rear 60%-90% ethanol elution of using is collected ethanol elution, for subsequent use;
The 6th step: decolouring is processed, and ethanol elution is reclaimed to ethanol, is concentrated into dryly, decolours after water dissolution by anion exchange resin D-941 pillar, use 65%-80% ethanol elution, collection effluent, is concentrated into dryly, obtains Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins.
Further, in second step enzymolysis processing, add beta amylase (0.1-0.2ml/200g) simultaneously, can add the outer glycosidase (0.05-0.1ml/200g) of penicillium oxalicum born of the same parents.
Further, as best proportioning consumption, in second step enzymolysis processing, add beta amylase (0.1ml/200g) simultaneously, can add the outer glycosidase (0.05 ml/200g) of penicillium oxalicum born of the same parents.
Further, in the crushing process of the first step, fresh Radix Notoginseng material fragmentation becomes the fresh granule of 10 object for best.
The comparison of the present invention and other extraction process for notoginseng saponin:
1, the present invention is take fresh Radix Notoginseng as raw material, extraction ratio is not less than corresponding dry Radix Notoginseng raw material, integrated cost is lower than extract arasaponin take dry Radix Notoginseng as raw material, cycle is short, cost is low, be applicable to suitability for industrialized production, simultaneously, exploitation extracts the deep process technology of saponin take fresh Radix Notoginseng as raw material, Neng Shi local enterprise gives full play to the place of production advantage of utilizing, directly get involved the middle reaches of Radix Notoginseng industrial chain, improve added value of product, carry out processing in production place take fresh Radix Notoginseng as raw material, the intensive of related industry will be contributed to, contribute to improve the market regulation of Yunnan notoginseng, control ability, to the skill upgrading of enterprise of one's native land, economic benefit increases, to promoting the sustainable development of Radix Notoginseng industry, there is apparent effect.
2, utilize beta amylase to process, beta amylase is introduced in extraction process, guaranteed quality and the extraction ratio of Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins, for the extraction of Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins provides a kind of enzymolysis material, effectively solved gelatinizing problem simultaneously.
3, two kinds of adsorption columns carry out adsorption treatment, effectively improve the purity of Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins, and three monomers of the present invention (R1+Rg1+Rb1) content can reach more than 65%, higher than existing national standard (more than 60%).
4, the present invention is simple to operate, is conducive to quality control and the industrial implementation of product.
the specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further details, to facilitate the technical staff to understand.But the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
In experiment, by beta amylase is carried out to orthogonal contrast test, the proportioning of beta amylase used is tested, wherein, the concrete numerical value of beta amylase (A), concentration of alcohol (C), hydrolysis temperature (B) is as shown in the table,
Table 1: the enzymolysis factor level table of beta amylase
Table 2: the enzymolysis Orthogonal experiment results table of beta amylase
From experimental data, we find that beta amylase dosage, hydrolysis temperature, concentration of alcohol are followed successively by the size that affects of Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins yield: beta amylase (A) > concentration of alcohol (C) > hydrolysis temperature (B); In the time carrying out beta amylase processing in procedure of processing, in extract, Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins yield increases significantly, and the preferred plan of four factors is A
1b
2c
2time, when the dosage in beta amylase used is 0.1ml/200g, hydrolysis temperature in the time of 70 ℃, concentration of alcohol is 70%, Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins yield, for the highest, is optimum proportion scheme.
Table 3: the outer glycosidase enzymolysis factor level table of beta amylase and penicillium oxalicum born of the same parents
Table 4: the outer glycosidase enzymolysis Orthogonal experiment results table of beta amylase and penicillium oxalicum born of the same parents
As shown in Table 3 and Table 4, proportioning to beta amylase used is tested, and beta amylase dosage, the outer glycosidase enzyme dosage of penicillium oxalicum born of the same parents, hydrolysis temperature, concentration of alcohol are followed successively by the size that affects of Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins yield: outer glycosidase (B) the > hydrolysis temperature (C) of beta amylase (A) > concentration of alcohol (D) > penicillium oxalicum born of the same parents; In the time carrying out beta amylase processing in procedure of processing, in extract, Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins yield increases significantly, and the preferred plan of four factors is A
2b
2c
3d
1time, when the dosage in beta amylase used is 0.1ml/200g, when the dosage 0.075 ml/200g of the outer glycosidase of penicillium oxalicum born of the same parents, and hydrolysis temperature in the time of 70 ℃ of left and right, concentration of alcohol is 70%, Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins yield, for the highest, is optimum proportion scheme.
Table 5: extract of panax notoginseng saponins yield comparative result in Different Extraction Method
As shown in Table 5, carry out the extraction of distinct methods take fresh Radix Notoginseng material 200g as raw material respectively, with respect to traditional ethanol refluxing process or with the enzymatic isolation method of cellulase or pectase, in the outer glycosidase composite algorithm of beta amylase enzymatic isolation method or beta amylase and penicillium oxalicum born of the same parents, extract of panax notoginseng saponins yield is significantly improved.
Simultaneously, cannot effectively solve the gelatinizing problem of decocting in alcohol process at traditional enzymatic isolation method cellulase or pectase is mainly that in extracting due to Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins, content of starch is too high, in the process of high temperature, occur, adding of beta amylase, accelerate the decomposition of starch, can effectively avoid decocting the gelatinizing in alcohol process.
specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1
Get fresh Radix Notoginseng material 200g, pulverizing is granulation into 10 object granules and carries out enzyme processing, adds beta amylase (0.1ml/200g) to carry out enzymolysis processing 1-2h; Enzyme adds the ethanol of the 50%-90% of 6 times of amounts to carry out reflux, extract, to Radix Notoginseng material after processing, and merging filtrate after filtering is concentrated, vacuum 0.075 handkerchief decompression recycling ethanol, and temperature 60 C, obtains fresh Radix Notoginseng extracting solution; The fresh Radix Notoginseng extracting solution of gained is carried out to precipitate with ethanol processing, and the precipitate with ethanol time is 12h, and precipitate with ethanol concentration of alcohol is 60%, and precipitate with ethanol number of times is 1 time, and alcohol precipitation concentration and sample liquid ratio are 1:1, and flocculant concentration is 4%; The fresh Radix Notoginseng extracting solution that precipitate with ethanol is handled well is by D101 macroporous adsorptive resins, resin demand is raw material 1.2 times, first use distilled water eluting, the rear 60%-90% ethanol elution of use, collection ethanol elution; Ethanol elution is reclaimed to ethanol, be concentrated into dryly, after water dissolution, decolour by anion exchange resin D-941 pillar, use 65%-80% ethanol elution, collect effluent, be concentrated into dry, obtain extract of panax notoginseng saponins 26.6g, now the extraction ratio of Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins is 13.3%.
Embodiment 2
Get fresh Radix Notoginseng material 200g, pulverizing is granulation into 20 object granules and carries out enzyme processing, adds beta amylase (0.2ml/200g) to carry out enzymolysis processing 1-2h; Enzyme adds the ethanol of the 50%-90% of 10 times of amounts to carry out reflux, extract, to Radix Notoginseng material after processing, and merging filtrate after filtering is concentrated, vacuum 0.08 handkerchief decompression recycling ethanol, and 80 ℃ of temperature, obtain fresh Radix Notoginseng extracting solution; The fresh Radix Notoginseng extracting solution of gained is carried out to precipitate with ethanol processing, and the precipitate with ethanol time is 36h, and precipitate with ethanol concentration of alcohol is 90%, and precipitate with ethanol number of times is 3 times, and alcohol precipitation concentration and sample liquid ratio are 1:3, and flocculant concentration is 4%; The fresh Radix Notoginseng extracting solution that precipitate with ethanol is handled well is by D101 macroporous adsorptive resins, resin demand is raw material 1.2 times, first use distilled water eluting, the rear 50%-90% ethanol elution of use, collection ethanol elution; Ethanol elution is reclaimed to ethanol, be concentrated into dryly, after water dissolution, decolour by anion exchange resin D-941 pillar, use 65%-80% ethanol elution, collect effluent, be concentrated into dry, obtain extract of panax notoginseng saponins 26.2g, now the extraction ratio of Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins is 13.1%.
Embodiment 3
Get fresh Radix Notoginseng material 200g, pulverizing is granulation into 10 object granules and carries out enzyme processing, adds the outer glycosidase (0.05ml/200g) of beta amylase (0.1ml/200g) and penicillium oxalicum born of the same parents to carry out enzymolysis processing 1-2h; Enzyme adds the ethanol of the 50%-90% of 6 times of amounts to carry out reflux, extract, to Radix Notoginseng material after processing, and merging filtrate after filtering is concentrated, vacuum 0.075 handkerchief decompression recycling ethanol, and temperature 70 C, obtains fresh Radix Notoginseng extracting solution; The fresh Radix Notoginseng extracting solution of gained is carried out to precipitate with ethanol processing, and the precipitate with ethanol time is 12h, and precipitate with ethanol concentration of alcohol is 90%, and precipitate with ethanol number of times is 1 time, and alcohol precipitation concentration and sample liquid ratio are 1:1, and flocculant concentration is 7%; The fresh Radix Notoginseng extracting solution that precipitate with ethanol is handled well is by D101 macroporous adsorptive resins, resin demand is raw material 1.8 times, first use distilled water eluting, the rear 60%-90% ethanol elution of use, collection ethanol elution; Ethanol elution is reclaimed to ethanol, be concentrated into dryly, after water dissolution, decolour by anion exchange resin D-941 pillar, use 65%-80% ethanol elution, collect effluent, be concentrated into dry, obtain extract of panax notoginseng saponins 26.6g, now the extraction ratio of Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins is 13.3%.
Embodiment 4
Get fresh Radix Notoginseng material 200g, pulverizing is granulation into 20 object granules and carries out enzyme processing, adds the outer glycosidase (0.1ml/200g) of beta amylase (0.2ml/200g) and penicillium oxalicum born of the same parents to carry out enzymolysis processing 1-2h; Enzyme adds the ethanol of the 50%-90% of 10 times of amounts to carry out reflux, extract, to Radix Notoginseng material after processing, and merging filtrate after filtering is concentrated, vacuum 0.08 handkerchief decompression recycling ethanol, and temperature 70 C, obtains fresh Radix Notoginseng extracting solution; The fresh Radix Notoginseng extracting solution of gained is carried out to precipitate with ethanol processing, and the precipitate with ethanol time is 36h, and precipitate with ethanol concentration of alcohol is 90%, and precipitate with ethanol number of times is 3 times, and alcohol precipitation concentration and sample liquid ratio are 1:3, and flocculant concentration is 4%; The fresh Radix Notoginseng extracting solution that precipitate with ethanol is handled well is by D101 macroporous adsorptive resins, resin demand is raw material 1.2 times, first use distilled water eluting, the rear 60%-90% ethanol elution of use, collection ethanol elution; Ethanol elution is reclaimed to ethanol, be concentrated into dryly, after water dissolution, decolour by anion exchange resin D-941 pillar, use 65%-80% ethanol elution, collect effluent, be concentrated into dry, obtain extract of panax notoginseng saponins 28.6g, now the extraction ratio of Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins is 14.3%.
Embodiment 5
Get fresh Radix Notoginseng material 200g, pulverizing is granulation into 20 object granules and carries out enzyme processing, adds the outer glycosidase (0.05ml/200g) of beta amylase (0.1ml/200g) and penicillium oxalicum born of the same parents to carry out enzymolysis processing 1-2h; Enzyme adds 70% ethanol of 10 times of amounts to carry out reflux, extract, to Radix Notoginseng material after processing, and merging filtrate after filtering is concentrated, vacuum 0.08 handkerchief decompression recycling ethanol, and temperature 70 C, obtains fresh Radix Notoginseng extracting solution; The fresh Radix Notoginseng extracting solution of gained is carried out to precipitate with ethanol processing, and the precipitate with ethanol time is 36h, and precipitate with ethanol concentration of alcohol is 90%, and precipitate with ethanol number of times is 3 times, and alcohol precipitation concentration and sample liquid ratio are 1:3, and flocculant concentration is 4%; The fresh Radix Notoginseng extracting solution that precipitate with ethanol is handled well is by D101 macroporous adsorptive resins, resin demand is raw material 1.2 times, first use distilled water eluting, the rear 60%-90% ethanol elution of use, collection ethanol elution; Ethanol elution is reclaimed to ethanol, be concentrated into dryly, after water dissolution, decolour by anion exchange resin D-941 pillar, use 65%-80% ethanol elution, collect effluent, be concentrated into dry, obtain extract of panax notoginseng saponins 29.0g, now the extraction ratio of Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins is 14.5%.
The present invention is take fresh Radix Notoginseng as raw material, extraction ratio is not less than corresponding dry Radix Notoginseng raw material, integrated cost is lower than extract arasaponin take dry Radix Notoginseng as raw material, cycle is short, cost is low, be applicable to suitability for industrialized production, simultaneously, exploitation extracts the deep process technology of saponin take fresh Radix Notoginseng as raw material, Neng Shi local enterprise gives full play to the place of production advantage of utilizing, directly get involved the middle reaches of Radix Notoginseng industrial chain, improve added value of product, carry out processing in production place take fresh Radix Notoginseng as raw material, the intensive of related industry will be contributed to, contribute to improve the market regulation of Yunnan notoginseng, control ability, to the skill upgrading of enterprise of one's native land, economic benefit increases, to promoting the sustainable development of Radix Notoginseng industry, there is apparent effect, utilize beta amylase to process, beta amylase is introduced in extraction process, guaranteed quality and the extraction ratio of Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins, for the extraction of Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins provides a kind of enzymolysis material, two kinds of adsorption columns carry out adsorption treatment, effectively improve the purity of Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins, and three monomers of the present invention (R1+Rg1+Rb1) content can reach more than 65%, higher than existing national standard (more than 60%), the present invention is simple to operate, is conducive to quality control and the industrial implementation of product.
The content that the present invention describes by embodiment, without departing from the present invention, can also carry out various conversion and be equal to replacement patent of the present invention, therefore, patent of the present invention is not limited to disclosed specific implementation process, and should comprise the whole embodiments that fall within the scope of Patent right requirement of the present invention.