CN103882483B - High reflectance microprism Working mould preparation facilities and its preparation method - Google Patents
High reflectance microprism Working mould preparation facilities and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
High reflectance microprism Working mould preparation facilities and its preparation method, it relates to microprism. Device is provided with electrotyping bath, anode, negative electrode, holder device and ultrasonic system; Holder device is provided with frame body, anode, negative electrode, flange fixed link; Anode, negative electrode, flange fixed link are fixed in frame body top; Ultrasonic system is provided with tool heads, flange, horn and ultrasonic-frequency power supply, and tool heads front end is located at cathode outer side, and tool heads rear end is connected with horn front end by flange; Horn rear end is connected with ultrasonic-frequency power supply. Electrotyping bath adds water, then adds six hydration nickel sulfate, nickelous chloride successively; Boiling after separately adding boric acid in the hot water, then add sodium lauryl sulphate, pour in electrotyping bath, then add asccharin and 1,4-butynediol in electrotyping bath after dissolving, the water that reinjects is filled it up with electrotyping bath and is obtained electroforming solution; Anode being put into anode basket and connects positive pole, nickel grand master pattern is connect negative electrode, negative electrode upper end connecting tool head is foremost; Electroforming, obtains Working mould after the negative electrode demoulding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microprism, especially relate to a kind of utilize negative electrode ultrasonic-the high reflectance microprism Working mould preparation facilities of pulse electroforming and its preparation method.
Background technology
When common mechanical stirring, DC electroforming process, electroformed nickel can only obtain more coarse surface, and its reflex reflection performance is not high. The pyramid array that Microprism reflective membrane is tens micron dimensions becomes, and cannot carry out other mechanical polishinges after processing. Tapetum lucidum requires that Working mould has very high retro-reflecting coefficient, also must just obtain high reflectance exactly after electroforming.
Stirring in electroforming process comprises mechanical stirring and ultrasonic agitation. Existing ultrasonic electroforming comprises directly ultrasonic and indirect ultrasonic power: directly Ultrasonic probe is directly inserted in electrotyping bath by ultrasonic referring to, casting liquid is carried out ultrasonic agitation, require that casting slot space is enough, tool heads front end anti-corrosive treatment be need to be carried out, the support and the clamping device that design ultra-sonic generator needed simultaneously; Electrotyping bath is placed in ultrasonic tank by ultrasonic referring to indirectly, utilize the water in ultrasonic tank to transmit ultrasonic agitation effect, this kind of way is simple, but the ultrasonic wave that ultrasonic transducer produces needs just to be radiated cathode surface through the wall face of oscillator and electroforming cell wall, the interface of process is more many, and the power of reflection and loss is more many. Meanwhile, casting groove surrounding liquid temperature raises, and constant temperature electroforming effect is destroyed.
Nickel is a kind of common electroforming and plated material, it is widely used with its good performance, most research is electroplate liquid formulation, electroplating device, direct current electroforming and Deposit appearance aspect, research for the ultrasonic electroformed nickel of negative electrode has no report, and the research that it is applied to electroforming surface retro-reflecting coefficient height also has no report.Nickel is applied to Microprism reflective membrane Working mould with its characteristic such as chemical stability height and higher hardness.
Data is had to show, when the pulse current density of negative electrode is at 3.5～5.5A/dm2In scope during change, had by the microhardness of ultrasonic obtained Ni-nano TiN compound cast layer and significantly raise (yellow super. the composite electroformed technology experiment research of bidirectional pulse. Huaqiao University's master thesis, 2011: 45-50). In addition, having data to show, the indirect ultrasonic agitation sound intensity is 12～14W/cm2Time, the defects such as nickel micro element buildup that electroforming goes out, pin hole are few, and angle of collapsing, round edge phenomenon are obviously reduced, surfacing (Ming Pingmei, Zhu Di, Hu Yangyang, etc. ultrasonic micro electroforming experimental study. China's mechanical engineering, 2008,6: 644-647). Indirectly ultrasonic and pulse electroforming can obtain the higher Microprism reflective membrane Working mould of reflectance (Yang Guang, Pi Jun. utilize ultrasonic-pulse electroforming to prepare the method for high reflectance microprism Working mould. Chinese patent 201310388232.4). But the ultrasonic temperature rise brought can offset ultrasonic cavitation effect under certain condition indirectly, reduce cast layer quality. In addition, indirectly ultrasonic not directly acting on electroforming negative electrode, cause power loss very big, general indirect ultrasonic ultrasonic tank is all furnished with multiple ultrasonic oscillator.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the problems such as the reflectance for existing microprism its tapetum lucidum Working mould restive, it is provided that a kind of utilize easily negative electrode ultrasonic-the high reflectance microprism Working mould preparation facilities of pulse electroforming and its preparation method.
Described utilize negative electrode ultrasonic-the high reflectance microprism Working mould preparation facilities of pulse electroforming is provided with electrotyping bath, anode, negative electrode, holder device and ultrasonic system;
Described holder device is provided with frame body, anode fixed link, negative electrode fixed link and flange fixed link; Electrotyping bath is located in frame body, and anode fixed link, negative electrode fixed link, flange fixed link are fixed in frame body top from right to left successively, and anode is located on anode fixed link, and negative electrode is located on negative electrode fixed link; Ultrasonic system is provided with tool heads, flange, horn and ultrasonic-frequency power supply, and tool heads front end is located at cathode outer side, and tool heads rear end is connected with horn front end by flange, and flange is fixed on flange fixed link; Horn rear end is connected with ultrasonic-frequency power supply; Described electrotyping bath injects electroforming solution.
The threaded hole of described tool heads front end is connected by screw and negative electrode top.
Described flange is fixed on flange fixed link by bolt.
Described frame body can adopt skeleton construction.
Described utilize negative electrode ultrasonic-pulse electroforming prepares the method for high reflectance microprism Working mould, adopt described utilize negative electrode ultrasonic-the high reflectance microprism Working mould preparation facilities of pulse electroforming, comprise the following steps:
1) in electrotyping bath, add water, then add six hydration nickel sulfate, nickelous chloride successively; Boiling after separately adding boric acid in the hot water, then add sodium lauryl sulphate, pour in electrotyping bath, then add asccharin and 1,4-butynediol in electrotyping bath after dissolving, the water that reinjects fills it up with electrotyping bath, regulates pH to be 4.2, obtains electroforming solution;
2) anode nickel plates being put into anode basket and access positive pole, nickel grand master pattern is accessed negative electrode, negative electrode upper end connecting tool head foremost, regulates the ultrasonic sound intensity to be 3～6W/cm2, frequency is 30～50kHz; Regulating impulse current density is 1～3A/dm2, power frequency is 1000Hz, and just oppositely current work time ratio is 5: 1, and dutycycle is 10%～30%;Carry out electroforming, after the negative electrode demoulding, obtain high reflectance microprism Working mould.
In step 1), described water can adopt temperature to be the deionized water of 50～60 DEG C, it is preferable that 55 DEG C; Described hot water can adopt temperature to be the deionized water of 100 DEG C; Described six hydration nickel sulfate, nickelous chloride, boric acid, sodium lauryl sulphate, asccharin and 1,4-butynediol can be (6000～12000) in mass ratio: (600～1400): (600～1500): (1～20): (2～20): (4～10); Quality-the volumetric concentration of described six hydration nickel sulfate can be 300～600g/L, and the quality-volumetric concentration of nickelous chloride can be 30～70g/L; Quality-the volumetric concentration of described boric acid can be 30～75g/L, and the quality-volumetric concentration of sodium lauryl sulphate can be 0.05～1g/L, and the quality-volumetric concentration of asccharin can be 0.1～1g/L, and the quality-volumetric concentration of 1,4-butynediol can be 0.2～0.5g/L; The described time boiled can be 30～50min, is preferably 40min; Described adjustment pH be 4.2 can adopt quality-volumetric concentration be 30% sulphuric acid soln regulate, regulate pH can be incubated 8～12h at 45～55 DEG C after 4.2, preferably at 50 DEG C, be incubated 10h.
In step 2) in, the temperature of described electroforming can be 48～52 DEG C, and the time of electroforming can be 4～6h.
Obtained high reflectance microprism Working mould goods after washed with de-ionized water is dried, can measure its retro-reflecting coefficient with retro-reflecting coefficient instrument, with observation by light microscope and take a picture.
The present invention is different from directly ultrasonic and indirect ultrasonic electroforming, but ultrasonic vibration is directly acted on electroforming negative electrode, tool heads does not need in insertion casting groove, therefore without the need to tool heads front end is carried out anti-corrosive treatment, also save casting slot space, power consumption can be reduced, effectively control electroforming temperature, it is ensured that cast layer quality simultaneously.
It is an advantage of the current invention that:
1) negative electrode ultrasonic-the holder device structure that adopts of pulse electroforming is simple, easily processes realization. The tool heads of ultrasonic system does not directly insert electrotyping bath, it is not necessary to expanding the size of electrotyping bath, tool heads is also without the need to doing rotproofing. Meanwhile, negative electrode is ultrasonic overcomes temperature rise that indirect ultrasonic electroforming brings and the bigger deficiency of watt consumption.
2) electroforming homo(io)thermism is controlled, overcomes the uncontrollable effect of temperature rise that indirect ultrasonic electroforming brings.
3) pulse power can conveniently be utilized to regulate positive and negative pulse parameter in production.
4) preferred suitable formulation of electroforming solution.
5) in single nickel salt electroforming solution, the method for microsize Microprism reflective membrane Working mould control retro-reflecting coefficient is prepared, it is possible to by adjusting ultrasonic parameter and formulation of electroforming solution controls the retro-reflecting coefficient of microsize Microprism reflective membrane Working mould.
6) its retro-reflecting coefficient is measured through retro-reflecting coefficient instrument, with observation by light microscope and take a picture and show, the Microprism reflective membrane Working mould reflectance of existing mechanical stirring electroforming is not high, and the high reflectance Microprism reflective membrane Working mould adopting the present invention to prepare obtains high reflectance in certain parameter situation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be of the present invention utilize negative electrode ultrasonic-the structure composition schematic diagram of the high reflectance microprism Working mould preparation facilities embodiment of pulse electroforming.
Fig. 2 is that existing standard machinery stirs, direct current electroforming Microprism reflective membrane Working mould microgram.
Fig. 3 is high reflectance Microprism reflective membrane Working mould microgram prepared by the present invention.
Embodiment
Following examples will the present invention is further illustrated by reference to the accompanying drawings.
See Fig. 1, described utilize negative electrode ultrasonic-the high reflectance microprism Working mould preparation facilities embodiment of pulse electroforming is provided with electrotyping bath 1, anode 2, negative electrode 3, holder device and ultrasonic system.
Described holder device is provided with frame body 41, anode fixed link 42, negative electrode fixed link 43 and flange fixed link 44; Electrotyping bath 1 is located in frame body 41, and anode fixed link 42, negative electrode fixed link 43, flange fixed link 44 are fixed in frame body 41 top from right to left successively, and anode 2 is located on anode fixed link 42, and negative electrode 3 is located on negative electrode fixed link 43; Ultrasonic system is provided with tool heads 51, flange 52, horn 53 and ultrasonic-frequency power supply 54, and tool heads 51 front end is located at outside negative electrode 3, and tool heads 51 rear end is connected with horn 53 front end by flange 52, and flange 52 is fixed on flange fixed link 44; Horn 53 rear end is connected with ultrasonic-frequency power supply 54; Described electrotyping bath 1 injects electroforming solution.
The threaded hole of described tool heads 51 front end is connected by screw and negative electrode 3 top.
Described flange 52 is fixed on flange fixed link 44 by bolt.
Described frame body 41 can adopt skeleton construction.
Under the driving of ultrasonic-frequency power supply, longitudinal vibration (as shown in A in Fig. 1), after horn is amplified, is acted on electroforming negative electrode by tool heads, makes negative electrode produce reciprocal high-frequency vibration (as shown in B in Fig. 1).
Hereinafter provide described utilize negative electrode ultrasonic-pulse electroforming prepares the embodiment of the method for high reflectance microprism Working mould:
Embodiment 1
Electroforming solution is prepared: according to the cubic capacity of electrotyping bath, weighs single nickel salt 450g, nickelous chloride 50g, boric acid 50g, sodium lauryl sulphate 0.07g, asccharin 0.5g and 1,4-butynediol 0.35g respectively. Electrotyping bath adds deionized water, is heated to 50 DEG C, add successively claim measured single nickel salt, nickelous chloride, stirring and be incubated 4h. Separately get a beaker deionized water rinsing, drying, add deionized water, be stirred and heated to boiling, add and claim measured boric acid to boil half an hour, then add sodium lauryl sulphate, after sodium lauryl sulphate is fully dissolved, it is slowly poured in electrotyping bath, and add asccharin and butynediol in casting groove, add deionized water again to being full of electrotyping bath, fully stir, be incubated 12h at 45 DEG C, measure its PH value with PH test paper, it is adjusted to pH=4.2 with the sulphuric acid soln of 30%. Casting liquid is ensured the quality of products-volumetric concentration: single nickel salt 450g/L, nickelous chloride 50g/L, boric acid 50g/L, sodium lauryl sulphate 0.07g/L, asccharin 0.5g/L, butynediol 0.35g/L.
The pre-treatment of anode and negative electrode: anode nickel plates is put into hydrochloric acid 25min, surface is rinsed well with deionized water after fully activating. Cathode nickel mould first carries out sensitization 6s with tin chloride solution, rinses well with deionized water; Potassium bichromate solution is evenly sprayed at cathode surface 6s, carries out Passivation Treatment, rinse well with deionized water afterwards; Put into nitric acid 5min and carry out surface passivation, then deionized water rinsing.
Electroforming: nickel plate is put into anode basket and accesses positive pole, through the nickel Microprism reflective membrane grand master pattern access negative electrode of pre-treatment, negative electrode upper end connecting tool head foremost, regulates the ultrasonic sound intensity to be 5W/cm2, frequency is 40kHz; Adjustment power frequency is 1000Hz, and just oppositely current work time ratio is 5: 1, and current density is 2A/dm2, dutycycle is 20%, and electroforming temperature is 50 DEG C, carries out electroforming 5h.
The demoulding: take out negative electrode and carry out the demoulding, Working mould deionized water is fully rinsed, dry.
Measure retro-reflecting coefficient: the retro-reflecting coefficient touched with retroreflective marking survey meter and vehicle body reflection mark survey meter measurement work is respectively 1893 and 1904cd lx-1·m-2, and the Working mould retro-reflecting coefficient that common mechanical stirs, direct current electroforming obtains is respectively 823 and 845cd lx-1·m-2。
Microscopic examination: observe Working mould under an optical microscope, and take a picture. Fig. 3 obtains the Working mould of Microprism reflective membrane height reflectance. From Fig. 2 and 3 it may be seen that the not high (see figure 2) of Microprism reflective membrane Working mould reflectance of existing mechanical stirring, direct current electroforming, adopt negative electrode ultrasonic-pulse electroforming obtains the Working mould (see figure 3) of high reflectance in certain parameter situation.
Embodiment 2
Single nickel salt electroforming solution is prepared: according to the cubic capacity of electrotyping bath, first weighs single nickel salt 300g, nickelous chloride 30g, boric acid 30g, sodium lauryl sulphate 0.05g, asccharin 0.1g and 1,4-butynediol 0.2g. Electrotyping bath adds deionized water, is heated to 55 DEG C, add successively claim measured single nickel salt, nickelous chloride, stirring and be incubated 3.5h. Separately get a beaker deionized water rinsing, drying, add deionized water, be stirred and heated to boiling, add and claim measured boric acid to boil 40min, then add sodium lauryl sulphate, after sodium lauryl sulphate is fully dissolved, it is slowly poured in electrotyping bath, and add asccharin and butynediol in casting groove, add deionized water again to being full of electrotyping bath, fully stir, be incubated 10h at 50 DEG C, measure its PH value with PH test paper, it is adjusted to pH=4.2 with the sulphuric acid soln of 30%. Casting liquid is ensured the quality of products-volumetric concentration: single nickel salt 300g/L, nickelous chloride 30g/L, boric acid 30g/L, sodium lauryl sulphate 0.05g/L, asccharin 0.1g/L, butynediol 0.2g/L.
The pre-treatment of anode and negative electrode: anode nickel plates is put into hydrochloric acid 25min, surface is rinsed well with deionized water after fully activating. Cathode nickel mould first carries out sensitization 7s with tin chloride solution, rinses well with deionized water; Potassium bichromate solution is evenly sprayed at cathode surface 6s, carries out Passivation Treatment, rinse well with deionized water afterwards. Put into nitric acid 5min and carry out surface passivation, then deionized water rinsing.
Electroforming: nickel plate is put into anode basket and accesses positive pole, through the nickel Microprism reflective membrane grand master pattern access negative electrode of pre-treatment, negative electrode upper end connecting tool head foremost, regulates the ultrasonic sound intensity to be 3W/cm2, frequency is 50kHz; Adjustment power frequency is 1000Hz, and just oppositely current work time ratio is 5: 1, and current density is 3A/dm2, dutycycle is 10%, and electroforming temperature is 48 DEG C, carries out electroforming 6h.
The demoulding: take out negative electrode and carry out the demoulding, Working mould deionized water is fully rinsed, dry.
Measure retro-reflecting coefficient: the retro-reflecting coefficient touched with retroreflective marking survey meter and vehicle body reflection mark survey meter measurement work is respectively 1885 and 1892cd lx-1·m-2。
Embodiment 3
Single nickel salt electroforming solution is prepared: according to the cubic capacity of electrotyping bath, first weighs single nickel salt 600g, nickelous chloride 70g, boric acid 75g, sodium lauryl sulphate 1g, asccharin 1g and 1,4-butynediol 0.5g. Electrotyping bath adds the deionized water of 1/2 volume, is heated to 60 DEG C, add successively claim measured single nickel salt, nickelous chloride, stirring and be incubated 3h. Separately get a beaker deionized water rinsing, drying, add deionized water, be stirred and heated to boiling, add and claim measured boric acid to boil 50min, then add sodium lauryl sulphate, after sodium lauryl sulphate is fully dissolved, it is slowly poured in electrotyping bath, and add asccharin and butynediol in casting groove, add deionized water again to being full of electrotyping bath, fully stir, be incubated 8h at 55 DEG C, measure its pH value with pH test paper, it is adjusted to pH=4.2 with the sulphuric acid soln of 30%.Casting liquid is ensured the quality of products-volumetric concentration: single nickel salt 600g/L, nickelous chloride 70g/L, boric acid 75g/L, sodium lauryl sulphate 1g/L, asccharin 1g/L, butynediol 0.5g/L.
The pre-treatment of anode and negative electrode: anode nickel plates is put into hydrochloric acid 25min, surface is rinsed well with deionized water after fully activating. Cathode nickel mould first carries out sensitization 6s with tin chloride solution, rinses well with deionized water; Potassium bichromate solution is evenly sprayed at cathode surface 7s, carries out Passivation Treatment, rinse well with deionized water afterwards. Put into nitric acid 5min and carry out surface passivation, then deionized water rinsing.
Electroforming: nickel plate is put into anode basket and accesses positive pole, through the nickel Microprism reflective membrane grand master pattern access negative electrode of pre-treatment, negative electrode upper end connecting tool head foremost, regulates the ultrasonic sound intensity to be 6W/cm2, frequency is 30kHz; Adjustment power frequency is 1000Hz, and just oppositely current work time ratio is 5: 1, and current density is 1A/dm2, dutycycle is 30%, and electroforming temperature is 52 DEG C, carries out electroforming 4h.
The demoulding: take out negative electrode and carry out the demoulding, Working mould deionized water is fully rinsed, dry.
Measure retro-reflecting coefficient: the retro-reflecting coefficient touched with retroreflective marking survey meter and vehicle body reflection mark survey meter measurement work is respectively 1891 and 1896cd lx-1·m-2。
Claims (7)
1. utilize negative electrode ultrasonic-the high reflectance microprism Working mould preparation facilities of pulse electroforming, it is characterised in that be provided with electrotyping bath, anode, negative electrode, holder device and ultrasonic system;
Described holder device is provided with frame body, anode fixed link, negative electrode fixed link and flange fixed link; Electrotyping bath is located in frame body, and anode fixed link, negative electrode fixed link, flange fixed link are fixed in frame body top from right to left successively, and anode is located on anode fixed link, and negative electrode is located on negative electrode fixed link; Ultrasonic system is provided with tool heads, flange, horn and ultrasonic-frequency power supply, and tool heads front end is located at cathode outer side, and tool heads rear end is connected with horn front end by flange, and flange is fixed on flange fixed link; Horn rear end is connected with ultrasonic-frequency power supply; Described electrotyping bath injects electroforming solution;
The threaded hole of described tool heads front end is connected by screw and negative electrode top;
Described flange is fixed on flange fixed link by bolt;
Described frame body adopts skeleton construction.
2. utilize negative electrode ultrasonic-pulse electroforming prepares the method for high reflectance microprism Working mould, it is characterised in that adopt utilize as claimed in claim 1 negative electrode ultrasonic-the high reflectance microprism Working mould preparation facilities of pulse electroforming, comprise the following steps:
1) in electrotyping bath, add water, then add six hydration nickel sulfate, nickelous chloride successively; Boiling after separately adding boric acid in the hot water, then add sodium lauryl sulphate, pour in electrotyping bath, then add asccharin and 1,4-butynediol in electrotyping bath after dissolving, the water that reinjects fills it up with electrotyping bath, regulates pH to be 4.2, obtains electroforming solution; Described water employing temperature is the deionized water of 50～60 DEG C, and described hot water employing temperature is the deionized water of 100 DEG C; Described six hydration nickel sulfate, nickelous chloride, boric acid, sodium lauryl sulphate, asccharin and 1,4-butynediol are (6000～12000) in mass ratio: (600～1400): (600～1500): (1～20): (2～20): (4～10); Quality-the volumetric concentration of described six hydration nickel sulfate is 300～600g/L, and the quality-volumetric concentration of nickelous chloride is 30～70g/L;Quality-the volumetric concentration of described boric acid is 30～75g/L, and the quality-volumetric concentration of sodium lauryl sulphate is 0.05～1g/L, and the quality-volumetric concentration of asccharin is the quality-volumetric concentration of 0.1～1g/L, 1,4-butynediol is 0.2～0.5g/L;
2) anode nickel plates being put into anode basket and access positive pole, nickel grand master pattern is accessed negative electrode, negative electrode upper end connecting tool head foremost, regulates the ultrasonic sound intensity to be 3～6W/cm2, frequency is 30～50kHz; Regulating impulse current density is 1～3A/dm2, power frequency is 1000Hz, and just oppositely current work time ratio is 5: 1, and dutycycle is 10%～30%; Carry out electroforming, after the negative electrode demoulding, obtain high reflectance microprism Working mould.
3. utilize as claimed in claim 2 negative electrode ultrasonic-pulse electroforming prepares the method for high reflectance microprism Working mould, it is characterised in that in step 1) in, described in time of boiling be 30～50min.
4. utilize as claimed in claim 3 negative electrode ultrasonic-pulse electroforming prepares the method for high reflectance microprism Working mould, it is characterised in that described in time of boiling be 40min.
5. utilize as claimed in claim 2 negative electrode ultrasonic-pulse electroforming prepares the method for high reflectance microprism Working mould, it is characterized in that in step 1) in, described adjustment pH to be 4.2 employing quality-volumetric concentrations be 30% sulphuric acid soln regulate, regulate pH to be incubated 8～12h at 45～55 DEG C after 4.2.
6. utilize as claimed in claim 5 negative electrode ultrasonic-pulse electroforming prepares the method for high reflectance microprism Working mould, it is characterised in that regulate pH to be incubated 10h at 50 DEG C after 4.2.
7. utilize as claimed in claim 2 negative electrode ultrasonic-pulse electroforming prepares the method for high reflectance microprism Working mould, it is characterised in that in step 2) in, the temperature of described electroforming is 48～52 DEG C, and the time of electroforming is 4～6h.
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| CN104032335A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-09-10 | 集美大学 | Preparation method of micro-prism working mould with subsequent continuous processing function |
| CN105586611A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-05-18 | 中丰田光电科技(珠海)有限公司 | Preparation method of special circular nickel plate |
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| CN111304712B (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-04-06 | 集美大学 | Preparation method for increasing hardness of electroplated copper by utilizing direct ultrasonic vibration |
| CN114525554B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2023-06-06 | 余姚市爱迪升电镀科技有限公司 | Method for electroplating silver |
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