CN103880107A - Double-layer permeable reactive barrier system for repairing chromium-polluted underground water - Google Patents
Double-layer permeable reactive barrier system for repairing chromium-polluted underground water Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 title 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 57
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- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
一种修复铬污染地下水的双层可渗透反应墙系统，由还原反应墙与吸附反应墙构成，还原反应墙在前，吸附反应墙在后，还原反应墙与吸附反应墙之间的间距为2.5-5m，还原反应墙与吸附反应墙的底端均深入到不透水层至少0.60～0.8m，顶端均需高于地下水最高水位0.4～0.5m，使用时污染水流先通过还原反应墙，再通过吸附反应墙，当铬污染的地下水流经时，先经还原反应墙与零价铁粉发生还原反应，可使六价铬转化为三价铬，秸秆中的有机质可作为电子供体，促进六价铬的还原，吸附反应墙则通过生物质吸附剂具有巨大表面积、强力吸附剩余污染物，解决了还原剂被冲走、还原产物被稀释冲走、还原剂使用饱和而未达到六价铬的还原等问题，实现地下水中铬污染的经济、高效去除。A double-layer permeable reaction wall system for repairing chromium-contaminated groundwater, consisting of a reduction reaction wall and an adsorption reaction wall, the reduction reaction wall is in front, the adsorption reaction wall is behind, and the distance between the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall is 2.5 -5m, the bottom of the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall are both deep into the impermeable layer at least 0.60~0.8m, and the top must be 0.4~0.5m higher than the highest water level of the groundwater. Adsorption reaction wall, when chromium-contaminated groundwater flows through, it first undergoes a reduction reaction with zero-valent iron powder through the reduction reaction wall, which can convert hexavalent chromium into trivalent chromium, and the organic matter in the straw can be used as an electron donor to promote six-valent chromium. The reduction of chromium, the adsorption reaction wall has a huge surface area through the biomass adsorbent, strong adsorption of remaining pollutants, and solves the problems of the reducing agent being washed away, the reduction product being diluted and washed away, and the reducing agent being saturated without reaching hexavalent chromium Reduction and other issues, to achieve the economical and efficient removal of chromium pollution in groundwater.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属地下水环境污染防治领域，具体涉及一种修复铬污染地下水的双层可渗透反应墙系统。The invention belongs to the field of groundwater environmental pollution prevention and control, and in particular relates to a double-layer permeable reaction wall system for repairing chromium-contaminated groundwater.
背景技术Background technique
铬的毒性主要来自六价铬，其被列为是对人体危害最大的八种化学物质之一，是国际公认的三种致癌金属物之一，同时也是美国EPA公认的129种重点污染物之一。The toxicity of chromium mainly comes from hexavalent chromium, which is listed as one of the eight most harmful chemical substances to the human body, one of the three internationally recognized carcinogenic metals, and one of the 129 key pollutants recognized by the US EPA one.
受铬污染的地下水的修复通常采用抽出-地表化学处理法，但存在成本高、周期长、能耗大、易造成地面二次污染等缺点。近年来，零价铁PRB技术以其能耗低、不造成二次污染等优势迅速兴起，在这个过程中，要求有过量的还原剂的存在，因此实际使用过程中会存在还原剂被冲走、还原产物被稀释冲走、还原剂使用饱和等问题。The remediation of chromium-contaminated groundwater usually adopts the extraction-surface chemical treatment method, but there are disadvantages such as high cost, long cycle, high energy consumption, and easy to cause secondary pollution on the ground. In recent years, zero-valent iron PRB technology has rapidly emerged due to its advantages of low energy consumption and no secondary pollution. In this process, an excessive amount of reducing agent is required, so the reducing agent will be washed away during actual use. , The reduction product is diluted and washed away, the reducing agent is saturated and other problems.
同时，受铬污染的地下水治理也可通过吸附、化学沉淀、离子交换、过滤、膜技术等方法治理，其中，吸附法能较好的适应水量水质变化，操作简单，价格低廉，且吸附剂易于再生，不易造成二次污染，因而应用前景广泛。At the same time, the treatment of groundwater polluted by chromium can also be treated by methods such as adsorption, chemical precipitation, ion exchange, filtration, and membrane technology. Among them, the adsorption method can better adapt to changes in water quantity and quality, and is simple to operate and cheap, and the adsorbent is easy to use. Regeneration is not easy to cause secondary pollution, so it has a wide application prospect.
蛭石广泛存在于环境中，一般具有较大的比表面积，在通常的pH范围内，对水中的金属离子通常具有较好的吸附能力，通过其表面官能团的离子交换和络合等作用吸附去除水中的铬污染物，工程应用也比较广泛。Vermiculite exists widely in the environment, and generally has a large specific surface area. In the usual pH range, it usually has good adsorption capacity for metal ions in water. It can be removed by ion exchange and complexation of its surface functional groups. Chromium pollutants in water are widely used in engineering applications.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服上述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的是提供一种修复铬污染地下水的双层可渗透反应墙系统，实现地下水中铬污染的经济、高效去除。In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a double-layer permeable reaction wall system for repairing chromium-contaminated groundwater, so as to realize the economical and efficient removal of chromium pollution in groundwater.
为达到上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
一种修复铬污染地下水的双层可渗透反应墙系统，由还原反应墙与吸附反应墙构成，还原反应墙在前，吸附反应墙在后，还原反应墙与吸附反应墙之间的间距为2.5-5m，还原反应墙与吸附反应墙的底端均深入到不透水层至少0.60～0.8m,顶端均需高于地下水最高水位0.4～0.5m。A double-layer permeable reaction wall system for repairing chromium-contaminated groundwater, consisting of a reduction reaction wall and an adsorption reaction wall, the reduction reaction wall is in front, the adsorption reaction wall is behind, and the distance between the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall is 2.5 -5m, the bottoms of both the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall go deep into the impermeable layer by at least 0.60-0.8m, and the tops must be 0.4-0.5m higher than the highest groundwater level.
所述的还原反应墙的反应墙填料粒径1～2cm，填充介质为有零价铁粉、秸秆、改性蛭石和硅酸盐，四者重量百分比为2-5%：15-20%：8-12%：63-75%；零价铁粉、秸秆、改性蛭石和硅酸盐的混合物的pH值为8.05±0.25；改性蛭石成分重量百分比为：SiO237～42%、Al2O39～14%、Fe2O35～9%、MgO11～23%、TiO22～6%、K2O3～6%、CaO5～33%；改性蛭石粒径范围为0.35～1.45mm；秸秆颗粒粒径范围为0.1～85mm；硅酸盐为硅酸盐水泥（标号325）。The particle size of the reaction wall filler in the reduction reaction wall is 1-2 cm, and the filling medium is zero-valent iron powder, straw, modified vermiculite and silicate, and the weight percentage of the four is 2-5%: 15-20%: 8-12%: 63-75%; the pH value of the mixture of zero-valent iron powder, straw, modified vermiculite and silicate is 8.05±0.25; the weight percentage of modified vermiculite is: SiO 2 37-42%, Al 2 O 3 9～14%, Fe 2 O 3 5～9%, MgO11～23%, TiO 2 2～6%, K 2 O3～6%, CaO5～33%; the particle size range of modified vermiculite is 0.35~1.45mm; the particle size range of straw particles is 0.1~85mm; the silicate is Portland cement (label 325).
所述的吸附反应墙的填充介质为生物质吸附材料和硅酸盐，二者重量百分比为20-35%：65-80%；生物质吸附材料为果壳、竹子或秸秆，生物质吸附材料颗粒粒径范围为10～50mm，硅酸盐为硅酸盐水泥(标号325)。The filling medium of the adsorption reaction wall is biomass adsorption material and silicate, and the weight percentage of the two is 20-35%: 65-80%; the biomass adsorption material is fruit shell, bamboo or straw, and the biomass adsorption material The particle size range is 10-50mm, and the portland is Portland cement (label 325).
所述的还原反应墙填料制备方法，包括以下步骤：The preparation method of the reduction reaction wall filler comprises the following steps:
1）将粒度为0.35～1.45mm的蛭石用弱酸弱碱溶液在75～95℃条件下进行2～4次离子交换、洗涤后，放置于烘箱中在60℃～80℃条件下干燥2.5～3.5小时，通入保护气氮气在管式炉200℃条件下焙烧2.5～3.5小时，其中蛭石与弱酸弱碱的混合比例为体积比1:10-20；得到物料1；1) The vermiculite with a particle size of 0.35-1.45mm is ion-exchanged and washed for 2-4 times with a weak acid and weak base solution at 75-95°C, and then dried in an oven at 60°C-80°C for 2.5- For 3.5 hours, pass in protective gas nitrogen and roast in a tube furnace at 200°C for 2.5 to 3.5 hours, wherein the mixing ratio of vermiculite to weak acid and weak base is 1:10-20 by volume; obtain material 1;
2)向物料1中加入零价铁粉、秸秆粉继续混合均匀，得到物料2；2) Add zero-valent iron powder and straw powder to material 1 and continue mixing evenly to obtain material 2;
3)将所得物料2在搅拌下喷洒清水和硅酸盐水泥，充分混匀，得到物料3；3) The obtained material 2 is sprayed with clear water and Portland cement under stirring, and fully mixed to obtain material 3;
4)将所得物料3用挤压造粒机制成1～2cm球状颗粒，得物料4；4) making the obtained material 3 into 1-2 cm spherical particles with an extrusion granulator to obtain material 4;
5)将物料4徐养护24小时，使其硬化备用；5) Curing the material for 24 hours to make it harden for later use;
零价铁粉、秸秆、改性蛭石和硅酸盐，四者重量百分比为2-5%：15-20%：8-12%：63-75%。Zero-valent iron powder, straw, modified vermiculite and silicate, the weight percentages of the four are 2-5%: 15-20%: 8-12%: 63-75%.
所述的吸附反应墙填料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将粒度为10～50mm的生物质吸附材料和硅酸盐水泥(标号325)在搅拌下喷洒清水，生物质吸附材料和硅酸盐重量百分比为20-35%：65-80%，充分混匀，随后挤压造粒制成1～2cm球状颗粒，再养护24小时，使其硬化备用。The preparation method of the adsorption reaction wall filler includes the following steps: spraying the biomass adsorption material with a particle size of 10 to 50mm and Portland cement (label 325) with clear water under stirring, and the biomass adsorption material and silicate weight The percentage is 20-35%: 65-80%, fully mixed, then extruded and granulated to make 1-2cm spherical particles, and then cured for 24 hours to harden for later use.
所述的双层可渗透反应墙的宽度为污染物羽流宽度的1.3～1.5倍。The width of the double-layer permeable reaction wall is 1.3 to 1.5 times the width of the pollutant plume.
所述的双层可渗透反应墙的修复体系方法包括以下步骤：The method for repairing the double-layer permeable reactive wall comprises the following steps:
1)在预定位置挖出两条沟渠，两沟渠之间留有间距；1) Dig two ditches at the predetermined position, leaving a space between the two ditches;
2)还原反应墙与吸附反应墙的底端均深入到不透水层至少0.60～0.8m,顶端均需高于地下水最高水位0.4～0.5m；两墙的宽度取污染物羽流宽度的1.3～1.5倍，其中还原反应墙的厚度D可由公式D=vt计算，其中v为地下水平均流速,单位为cm/s，设计中采用最大流速值；t为修复污染物所需的反应时间,即污染物在反应墙的停留时间，单位为s，吸附反应墙的厚度与还原反应墙厚度接近即可；2) Both the bottom of the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall go deep into the impermeable layer by at least 0.60-0.8m, and the top must be 0.4-0.5m higher than the highest water level of the groundwater; 1.5 times, wherein the thickness D of the reduction reaction wall can be calculated by the formula D=vt, where v is the average flow velocity of groundwater, the unit is cm/s, and the maximum flow velocity value is used in the design; t is the reaction time required for the repair of pollutants, that is, pollution The residence time of the substance in the reaction wall, the unit is s, the thickness of the adsorption reaction wall is close to the thickness of the reduction reaction wall;
满足以上双渗透反应墙的宽度、深度、厚度的要求，制作铁质框，并将其安装在沟渠内；To meet the above requirements on the width, depth and thickness of the double permeable reaction wall, make an iron frame and install it in the ditch;
3)还原反应墙与吸附反应墙均需采用厚度为3～5mm高密度聚乙烯材料制备边长为1m的立方体填料箱,其中垂直于水流方向前后两墙面各布满半径为1cm的小孔64个；3) Both the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall need to use high-density polyethylene materials with a thickness of 3-5 mm to prepare a cubic stuffing box with a side length of 1 m, and the front and rear walls perpendicular to the direction of water flow are covered with small holes with a radius of 1 cm. 64;
4)将还原反应墙与吸附反应墙各自的球状填充颗粒分别填至相应的还原与吸附填料箱，将还原与吸附填料箱顺序放入相应的还原反应墙与吸附反应墙内；还原反应墙在前，吸附反应墙在后；还原反应墙与吸附反应墙之间的间距为2.5-5m。4) Fill the respective spherical filler particles of the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall into the corresponding reduction and adsorption packing boxes, and put the reduction and adsorption packing boxes into the corresponding reduction reaction wall and adsorption reaction wall in sequence; In front, the adsorption reaction wall is behind; the distance between the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall is 2.5-5m.
本发明提供的双层可渗透反应墙修复体系可用于修复铬污染的地下水，使用时污染水流首先通过还原反应墙，再通过吸附反应墙。当铬污染的地下水流经时，先经还原反应墙与零价铁粉发生还原反应，可使六价铬转化为三价铬。秸秆中的有机质可作为电子供体，促进六价铬的还原。吸附反应墙则通过生物质吸附剂具有巨大表面积、强力吸附剩余污染物，解决了还原剂被冲走、还原产物被稀释冲走、还原剂使用饱和而未达到六价铬的还原等问题。The double-layer permeable reaction wall restoration system provided by the invention can be used to restore chromium-polluted groundwater. During use, the polluted water flow first passes through the reduction reaction wall, and then passes through the adsorption reaction wall. When chromium-contaminated groundwater flows through, it first undergoes a reduction reaction with zero-valent iron powder through the reduction reaction wall, which can convert hexavalent chromium into trivalent chromium. Organic matter in straw can act as an electron donor to promote the reduction of hexavalent chromium. The adsorption reaction wall has a huge surface area and strong adsorption of residual pollutants through the biomass adsorbent, which solves the problems of the reducing agent being washed away, the reduced product being diluted and washed away, and the reducing agent being saturated but not reaching the reduction of hexavalent chromium.
本发明的优点：通过还原反应墙与吸附反应墙形成的双层可渗透反应墙系统，可实现地下水中铬污染的经济、高效去除。The invention has the advantages that the double-layer permeable reaction wall system formed by the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall can realize economical and efficient removal of chromium pollution in groundwater.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做详细描述。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
一种修复铬污染地下水的双层可渗透反应墙系统，由还原反应墙与吸附反应墙构成，还原反应墙在前，吸附反应墙在后，还原反应墙与吸附反应墙之间的间距为3m，还原反应墙与吸附反应墙的底端均深入到不透水层0.6m,顶端均需高于地下水最高水位0.4m。A double-layer permeable reaction wall system for repairing chromium-contaminated groundwater. It is composed of a reduction reaction wall and an adsorption reaction wall. The reduction reaction wall is in front, and the adsorption reaction wall is behind. The distance between the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall is 3m , the bottom of the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall are both deep into the impermeable layer 0.6m, and the top must be 0.4m higher than the highest water level of the groundwater.
所述的还原反应墙的反应墙填料粒径1cm，填充介质为有零价铁粉、秸秆、改性蛭石和硅酸盐，四者重量百分比为5%：15%：10%：70%；零价铁粉、秸秆、改性蛭石和硅酸盐的混合物的pH值为8.15；改性蛭石成分重量百分比为：SiO238%、Al2O311%、Fe2O39%、MgO22%、TiO26%、K2O6%、CaO8%，改性蛭石粒径范围为0.55～1.45mm；秸秆颗粒粒径为13～33mm；硅酸盐为硅酸盐水泥（标号325）。The particle size of the reaction wall filler in the reduction reaction wall is 1cm, and the filling medium is zero-valent iron powder, straw, modified vermiculite and silicate, and the weight percentage of the four is 5%: 15%: 10%: 70%; The pH value of the mixture of zero-valent iron powder, straw, modified vermiculite and silicate is 8.15; the weight percentage of modified vermiculite is: SiO 2 38%, Al 2 O 3 11%, Fe 2 O 3 9%, MgO22%, TiO2 6%, K2O6 %, CaO8%, modified vermiculite particle size range is 0.55 ~ 1.45mm; straw particle size is 13 ~ 33mm; silicate is portland cement (label 325) .
所述的吸附反应墙的填充介质为生物质吸附材料和硅酸盐，二者重量百分比为30%：70%；生物质吸附材料为果壳，生物质吸附材料颗粒粒径为40～50mm，硅酸盐为硅酸盐水泥(标号325)。The filling medium of the adsorption reaction wall is biomass adsorption material and silicate, and the weight percentage of the two is 30%:70%; the biomass adsorption material is fruit shell, and the particle size of the biomass adsorption material is 40-50mm. Portland is Portland cement (designation 325).
所述的还原反应墙填料制备方法，包括以下步骤：The preparation method of the reduction reaction wall filler comprises the following steps:
1）将粒度为1.05～1.35mm的蛭石用弱酸弱碱溶液在80℃条件下进行2次离子交换、洗涤后，放置于烘箱中在80℃条件下干燥3.5小时，通入保护气氮气在管式炉200℃条件下焙烧2.5小时，其中蛭石与弱酸弱碱的混合比例为体积比1:11；得到物料1；1) The vermiculite with a particle size of 1.05-1.35mm was ion-exchanged and washed twice with a weak acid and weak base solution at 80°C, and then placed in an oven to dry at 80°C for 3.5 hours, and the protective gas nitrogen was passed in Roasting in a tube furnace at 200°C for 2.5 hours, wherein the mixing ratio of vermiculite to weak acid and weak base is 1:11 by volume; obtain material 1;
2)向物料1中加入零价铁粉、秸秆粉继续混合均匀，得到物料2；2) Add zero-valent iron powder and straw powder to material 1 and continue mixing evenly to obtain material 2;
3)将所得物料2在搅拌下喷洒清水和硅酸盐水泥，充分混匀，得到物料3；3) The obtained material 2 is sprayed with clear water and Portland cement under stirring, and fully mixed to obtain material 3;
4)将所得物料3用挤压造粒机制成1cm球状颗粒，得物料4；4) The obtained material 3 is made into 1 cm spherical particles with an extrusion granulator to obtain material 4;
5)将物料4徐养护24小时，使其硬化备用；5) Curing the material for 24 hours to make it harden for later use;
零价铁粉、秸秆、改性蛭石和硅酸盐，四者重量百分比为5%：15%：10%：70%。Zero-valent iron powder, straw, modified vermiculite and silicate, the weight percentages of the four are 5%: 15%: 10%: 70%.
所述的吸附反应墙填料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将粒度为40～50mm的生物质吸附材料和硅酸盐水泥(标号325)在搅拌下喷洒清水，生物质吸附材料和硅酸盐重量百分比为30%：70%，充分混匀，随后挤压造粒制成1cm球状颗粒，再养护24小时，使其硬化备用。The preparation method of the adsorption reaction wall filler includes the following steps: spraying the biomass adsorption material with a particle size of 40-50 mm and Portland cement (label 325) with clear water under stirring, and the biomass adsorption material and silicate weight The percentage is 30%: 70%, fully mixed, then extruded and granulated to make 1cm spherical granules, and then cured for 24 hours to harden for later use.
所述的双层可渗透反应墙的宽度为污染物羽流宽度的1.3倍。The width of the double-layer permeable reaction wall is 1.3 times the width of the pollutant plume.
所述的双层可渗透反应墙的修复体系方法包括以下步骤：The method for repairing the double-layer permeable reactive wall comprises the following steps:
1)在预定位置挖出两条沟渠，两沟渠之间留有间距；1) Dig two ditches at the predetermined position, leaving a space between the two ditches;
2)还原反应墙与吸附反应墙的底端均深入到不透水层0.7m,顶端均需高于地下水最高水位0.5m；两墙的宽度取污染物羽流宽度的1.3倍，其中还原反应墙的厚度D可由公式D=vt计算，其中v为地下水平均流速,单位为cm/s，设计中采用最大流速值；t为修复污染物所需的反应时间,即污染物在反应墙的停留时间，单位为s，吸附反应强的厚度要求不严格，与渗透还原反应墙厚度接近即可。2) Both the bottom of the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall are 0.7m deep into the impermeable layer, and the top must be 0.5m higher than the highest water level of the groundwater; the width of the two walls is 1.3 times the width of the pollutant plume, and the reduction reaction wall The thickness D can be calculated by the formula D=vt, where v is the average flow velocity of groundwater in cm/s, and the maximum flow velocity value is used in the design; t is the reaction time required to repair pollutants, that is, the residence time of pollutants in the reaction wall , the unit is s, the thickness of the strong adsorption reaction is not strictly required, and it only needs to be close to the thickness of the osmotic reduction reaction wall.
满足以上双渗透反应墙的宽度、深度、厚度的要求，制作铁质框，并将其安装在沟渠内；To meet the above requirements on the width, depth and thickness of the double permeable reaction wall, make an iron frame and install it in the ditch;
3)还原反应墙与吸附反应墙均需采用厚度为5mm高密度聚乙烯材料制备边长为1m的立方体填料箱,其中垂直于水流方向前后两墙面各布满半径为1cm的小孔64个；3) Both the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall need to use high-density polyethylene material with a thickness of 5 mm to prepare a cubic stuffing box with a side length of 1 m, and the front and rear walls perpendicular to the direction of water flow are covered with 64 small holes with a radius of 1 cm. ;
4)将还原反应墙与吸附反应墙各自的球状填充颗粒分别填至相应的还原与吸附填料箱，将还原与吸附填料箱顺序放入相应的还原反应墙与吸附反应墙内；还原反应墙在前，吸附反应墙在后；还原反应墙与吸附反应墙之间的间距为3m。4) Fill the respective spherical filler particles of the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall into the corresponding reduction and adsorption packing boxes, and put the reduction and adsorption packing boxes into the corresponding reduction reaction wall and adsorption reaction wall in sequence; In front, the adsorption reaction wall is behind; the distance between the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall is 3m.
该实施例的有益效果：通过在场地内双层渗透反应墙前后布设的监测井监测地下水中铬污染物浓度。结果表明：整个系统运行220天后，铬污染物平均浓度由原来的143.5mg/L，降为15.3mg/L，去除率为89.4％。Beneficial effects of this embodiment: monitor the concentration of chromium pollutants in groundwater through the monitoring wells arranged before and after the double-layer permeable reaction wall in the site. The results showed that after the whole system operated for 220 days, the average concentration of chromium pollutants decreased from 143.5mg/L to 15.3mg/L, and the removal rate was 89.4%.
实施例2Example 2
一种修复铬污染地下水的双层可渗透反应墙系统，由还原反应墙与吸附反应墙构成，还原反应墙在前，吸附反应墙在后，还原反应墙与吸附反应墙之间的间距为4m，还原反应墙与吸附反应墙的底端分别深入到不透水层0.7m、0.8m,顶端分别高于地下水最高水位0.4m、0.5m。A double-layer permeable reaction wall system for repairing chromium-contaminated groundwater. It is composed of a reduction reaction wall and an adsorption reaction wall. The reduction reaction wall is in front, and the adsorption reaction wall is behind. The distance between the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall is 4m , the bottoms of the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall go deep into the impermeable layer by 0.7m and 0.8m respectively, and the tops are respectively 0.4m and 0.5m higher than the highest groundwater level.
所述的还原反应墙的反应墙填料粒径2cm，填充介质为有零价铁粉、秸秆、改性蛭石和硅酸盐，四者重量百分比为3%：20%：12%：65%；零价铁粉、秸秆、改性蛭石和硅酸盐的混合物的pH值为8.05；改性蛭石成分重量百分比为：SiO242%、Al2O314%、Fe2O39%、MgO11%、TiO22%、K2O3%、CaO19%，改性蛭石粒径范围为0.75～0.95mm；秸秆颗粒粒径为0.1～66mm；硅酸盐为硅酸盐水泥（标号325）。The particle size of the reaction wall filler in the reduction reaction wall is 2 cm, and the filling medium is zero-valent iron powder, straw, modified vermiculite and silicate, and the weight percentage of the four is 3%: 20%: 12%: 65%; The pH value of the mixture of zero-valent iron powder, straw, modified vermiculite and silicate is 8.05; the weight percentage of modified vermiculite is: SiO 2 42%, Al 2 O 3 14%, Fe 2 O 3 9%, MgO 11%, TiO 2 2%, K 2 O 3%, CaO 19%, the particle size range of modified vermiculite is 0.75~0.95mm; the particle size of straw particles is 0.1~66mm; the silicate is Portland cement (label 325) .
所述的吸附反应墙的填充介质为生物质吸附材料和硅酸盐，二者重量百分比为35%：65%；生物质吸附材料为秸秆，生物质吸附材料颗粒粒径为15～50mm，硅酸盐为硅酸盐水泥(标号325)。The filling medium of the adsorption reaction wall is biomass adsorption material and silicate, and the weight percentage of the two is 35%: 65%; the biomass adsorption material is straw, and the particle size of the biomass adsorption material is 15-50 mm, silicon The salt is Portland cement (designation 325).
所述的还原反应墙填料制备方法，包括以下步骤：The preparation method of the reduction reaction wall filler comprises the following steps:
1）将粒度为0.35～1.15mm的蛭石用弱酸弱碱溶液在95℃条件下进行3次离子交换、洗涤后，放置于烘箱中在80℃条件下干燥3小时，通入保护气氮气在管式炉200℃条件下焙烧2.75小时，其中蛭石与弱酸弱碱的混合比例为体积比1:20；得到物料1；1) The vermiculite with a particle size of 0.35 ~ 1.15mm is ion-exchanged and washed three times with a weak acid and weak base solution at 95°C, and then placed in an oven to dry at 80°C for 3 hours, and nitrogen is introduced into the protective gas. Roasting in a tube furnace at 200°C for 2.75 hours, wherein the mixing ratio of vermiculite to weak acid and weak base is 1:20 by volume; obtain material 1;
2)向物料1中加入零价铁粉、秸秆粉继续混合均匀，得到物料2；2) Add zero-valent iron powder and straw powder to material 1 and continue mixing evenly to obtain material 2;
3)将所得物料2在搅拌下喷洒清水和硅酸盐水泥，充分混匀，得到物料3；3) The obtained material 2 is sprayed with clear water and Portland cement under stirring, and fully mixed to obtain material 3;
4)将所得物料3用挤压造粒机制成2cm球状颗粒，得物料4；4) The obtained material 3 is made into 2 cm spherical particles with an extrusion granulator to obtain material 4;
5)将物料4徐养护24小时，使其硬化备用；5) Curing the material for 24 hours to make it harden for later use;
零价铁粉、秸秆、改性蛭石和硅酸盐，四者重量百分比为3%：20%：12%：65%。Zero-valent iron powder, straw, modified vermiculite and silicate, the weight percentages of the four are 3%: 20%: 12%: 65%.
所述的吸附反应墙填料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将粒度为15～50mm的生物质吸附材料和硅酸盐水泥(标号325)在搅拌下喷洒清水，生物质吸附材料和硅酸盐重量百分比为35%：65%，充分混匀，随后挤压造粒制成2cm球状颗粒，再养护24小时，使其硬化备用。The preparation method of the adsorption reaction wall filler includes the following steps: spraying the biomass adsorption material with a particle size of 15 to 50 mm and Portland cement (label 325) with clear water under stirring, and the biomass adsorption material and silicate weight The percentage is 35%: 65%, fully mixed, then extruded and granulated to make 2cm spherical particles, and then cured for 24 hours to harden for later use.
所述的双层可渗透反应墙的宽度为污染物羽流宽度的1.5倍。The width of the double-layer permeable reaction wall is 1.5 times the width of the pollutant plume.
所述的双层可渗透反应墙的修复体系方法包括以下步骤：The method for repairing the double-layer permeable reactive wall comprises the following steps:
1)在预定位置挖出两条沟渠，两沟渠之间留有间距；1) Dig two ditches at the predetermined position, leaving a space between the two ditches;
2)还原反应墙与吸附反应墙的底端分别深入到不透水层0.7m、0.8m,顶端分别高于地下水最高水位0.4m、0.5m，两墙的宽度取污染物羽流宽度的1.5倍，其中还原反应墙的厚度D可由公式D=vt计算，其中v为地下水平均流速,单位为cm/s，设计中采用最大流速值；t为修复污染物所需的反应时间,即污染物在反应墙的停留时间，单位为s，吸附反应强的厚度要求不严格，与还原反应墙厚度接近即可。2) The bottom ends of the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall go deep into the impermeable layer by 0.7m and 0.8m respectively, and the tops are respectively 0.4m and 0.5m higher than the highest water level of the groundwater. The width of the two walls is 1.5 times the width of the pollutant plume , where the thickness D of the reduction reaction wall can be calculated by the formula D=vt, where v is the average flow velocity of groundwater in cm/s, and the maximum flow velocity is used in the design; t is the reaction time required for the restoration of pollutants, that is, the pollutants The residence time of the reaction wall, the unit is s, the thickness requirement of strong adsorption reaction is not strict, and the thickness close to the reduction reaction wall is sufficient.
满足以上双渗透反应墙的宽度、深度、厚度的要求，制作铁质框，并将其安装在沟渠内；To meet the above requirements on the width, depth and thickness of the double permeable reaction wall, make an iron frame and install it in the ditch;
3)还原反应墙与吸附反应墙均需采用厚度为4mm高密度聚乙烯材料制备边长为1m的立方体填料箱,其中垂直于水流方向前后两墙面各布满半径为1cm的小孔64个；3) Both the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall need to use high-density polyethylene material with a thickness of 4 mm to prepare a cubic stuffing box with a side length of 1 m, and the front and rear walls perpendicular to the direction of water flow are covered with 64 small holes with a radius of 1 cm. ;
4)将还原反应墙与吸附反应墙各自的球状填充颗粒分别填至相应的还原与吸附填料箱，将还原与吸附填料箱顺序放入相应的还原反应墙与吸附反应内；还原反应墙在前，吸附反应墙在后；还原反应墙与吸附反应墙之间的间距为5m。4) Fill the respective spherical filler particles of the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall into the corresponding reduction and adsorption packing boxes, and put the reduction and adsorption packing boxes into the corresponding reduction reaction wall and adsorption reaction in sequence; the reduction reaction wall is first , the adsorption reaction wall is behind; the distance between the reduction reaction wall and the adsorption reaction wall is 5m.
该实施例的有益效果：The beneficial effect of this embodiment:
通过在场地内双层渗透反应墙前后布设的监测井监测地下水中铬污染物浓度。结果表明：整个系统运行200天后，铬污染物平均浓度由原来的122.5mg/L，降为27.5mg/L，去除率为77.6％。The concentration of chromium pollutants in groundwater is monitored through the monitoring wells arranged before and after the double-layer permeable reaction wall in the site. The results showed that after the whole system operated for 200 days, the average concentration of chromium pollutants decreased from 122.5mg/L to 27.5mg/L, and the removal rate was 77.6%.
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