CN103879557A - Refrigerating system for reducing flammability of airplane fuel tank and manufacturing method of refrigerating system for reducing flammability of airplane fuel tank - Google Patents
Refrigerating system for reducing flammability of airplane fuel tank and manufacturing method of refrigerating system for reducing flammability of airplane fuel tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN103879557A CN103879557A CN201410111840.5A CN201410111840A CN103879557A CN 103879557 A CN103879557 A CN 103879557A CN 201410111840 A CN201410111840 A CN 201410111840A CN 103879557 A CN103879557 A CN 103879557A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a refrigerating system for reducing the flammability of an airplane fuel tank and a manufacturing method of the refrigerating system for reducing the flammability of the airplane fuel tank. The flammability of the civil airplane fuel tank can be reduced by controllably reducing the fuel temperature. In a refrigerating fluid passage, the refrigerating system is sequentially connected with a compressor, a condenser, a fluid storage pot, a throttle valve and an evaporator in the flowing direction of refrigerating fluid, the compressor is connected with the condenser through a first pipe, the condenser is connected with the fluid storage pot through a second pipe, the throttle valve is connected with the evaporator through a third pipe, the evaporator is connected with the compressor through a third pipe and located inside the airplane fuel tank, the compressor, the condenser, the fluid storage pot and the throttle valve are located outside the airplane fuel tank, an oil temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a fuel diffuser are further arranged inside the airplane fuel tank, the oil temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of fuel inside the airplane fuel tank, the pressure sensor is used for monitoring the real-time fuel pressure, and the fuel diffuser is used for enabling the fuel to conduct continuous convection to enable the temperature of the fuel to be even.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flammable refrigeration system and refrigerating method thereof that reduces aircraft fuel tank, more particularly, relate to a kind of flammable refrigeration system and refrigerating method thereof that reduces civil aircraft fuel tank.
Background technology
Aircraft fuel tank, as the storage element of Aviation Fuel, is an important component part of aircraft body.For civil aircraft, according to airworthiness requirement, the design of aircraft fuel tank must meet the explosion-proof function of fuel tank, must meet the regulation of the 25.981st article of seaworthiness clause.Therefore, no matter be from functional perspective, or from safety perspective, ensure that the safety of aircraft fuel tank has vital function and significance.
For newly-designed civil aircraft, generally meet up-to-date clause requirement by three kinds of modes abroad, target fuel tank is installed airborne inerting system, target fuel tank is not loaded fuel oil, ventilates cooling to target fuel tank.
Maker generally adopts the first scheme, and for example, Boeing 787, Boeing-737 NG, A320, A350, ERJ-190, CRJ, C919 etc. are in-service or grinding aircraft.First scheme, target fuel tank is not loaded to fuel oil and in the large-scale space trucks such as such as A380, adopt.The third scheme, target fuel tank ventilate cooling be to be mainly used in some old types.
As being installed to airborne inerting system, target fuel tank reduces flammable method, the main points of its scheme are by providing nitrogen-rich gas to fuel tank, make within the oxygen concentration of fuel tank pasta top maintains the safety value that airworthiness requirement specify, to cause fuel tank to prevent any ignition source from occurring and explode.
But this method has following deficiency:
A. inerting system principle is comparatively complicated, and constituent elements is many, and critical component is changed frequent, and comparatively expensive, has to a certain degree increased the operation cost of fleet;
B. inerting system reaches explosion-proof object by inflated with nitrogen, and fuel tank blow and vent system influence each other larger, design and Comparison of Management complexity;
C. inerting system is as the emerging system of civil aircraft, and technology is not overripened, has many uncertainty and risks when application.
In addition, reach and meet clause requirement by target fuel tank not being loaded to fuel oil, it is generally the way that superjumbo plane is taked, its Applicable scope is quite limited, and generally do not adopt, this is because this method is wasted huge space, in other middle-size and small-size aircraft, cannot be suitable for, and this method is also unfavorable for the management of aircraft counterweight and economy simultaneously.
In addition, by the cooling fuel oil comb. that reduces that target fuel tank is ventilated, generally use at old type.This method is by introducing a certain amount of extraneous natural air, and the target of flowing through fuel tank (central wing) part outside wall surface, ensures that fuel oil temperature decreases.
But in the past very not strict to Combined Combustion Index requirement in seaworthiness clause the 25.981st regulation, therefore, by the cooling clause requirement that can meet of ventilating.But, according to the requirement of up-to-date clause, on ground or the comb. of take off/ramp-up period should be less than 3%,, show after deliberation meanwhile, cooling by natural ventilation merely, cannot meet the comb. requirement of up-to-date clause, therefore,, for newly-designed aircraft, do not have type to adopt the method to reduce fuel oil comb. in fuel tank.
Therefore, how to design one and can reduce fuel oil temperature by control, reduce the flammable refrigeration system of civil aircraft fuel tank and refrigerating method thereof and just become technical matters urgently to be resolved hurrily thereby can reach.
Summary of the invention
The present invention does for solving the problems of the technologies described above, it is a kind of for reducing the flammable refrigeration system of aircraft fuel tank and refrigerating method thereof that its object is to provide, it can reduce fuel oil temperature by control, to ensure that in Aircraft Targets fuel tank, fuel oil temperature is reduced in flammability limit, reduce civil aircraft fuel tank comb. thereby can reach.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, of the present invention for reducing the flammable refrigeration system of aircraft fuel tank in refrigerant passage, flow direction along refrigerant is connected with compressor in turn, condenser, fluid reservoir, flow regulating valve and evaporator, between described compressor and described condenser, be connected by the first pipeline, between described condenser and described storage tank, be connected by the second pipeline, between described flow regulating valve and described evaporator, and be connected by the 3rd pipeline between described evaporator and described compressor, described evaporator is positioned at described aircraft fuel tank inside, described compressor, described condenser, described fluid reservoir and described flow regulating valve are positioned at the outside of described aircraft fuel tank, also be provided with the oil temperature sensor for the fuel oil temperature in fuel tank is monitored in described aircraft fuel tank inside, for pressure sensor that real-time fuel flow pressure is monitored and for making the continuous convection current of fuel oil make the fuel oil diffuser of the equalizing temperature of fuel oil.
The refrigeration system of a second aspect of the present invention is on the basis of the refrigeration system of a first aspect of the present invention, it is characterized in that, be provided with in described aircraft fuel tank inside apart from the different multiple oil temperature sensors of distance of the described evaporator of described aircraft fuel tank, so that the fuel oil temperature at diverse location place is monitored.
The refrigeration system of a third aspect of the present invention is on the basis of the refrigeration system of a first aspect of the present invention, it is characterized in that, is provided with the cooling mechanism for promoting the refrigerant cools mobile in described refrigerant passage near described condenser.
The refrigeration system of a fourth aspect of the present invention is on the basis of the refrigeration system of a third aspect of the present invention, it is characterized in that, described cooling mechanism is extraneous ram air or cooling fan.
The refrigeration system of a fifth aspect of the present invention is on the basis of the refrigeration system of a third aspect of the present invention, it is characterized in that, described refrigeration system also comprises system control unit, and this system control unit is connected with described compressor, described cooling mechanism, described flow regulating valve, described pressure sensor, described oil temperature sensor, described fuel oil diffuser.
The refrigeration system of a sixth aspect of the present invention is on the basis of the refrigeration system of a first aspect of the present invention, it is characterized in that, described the first pipeline is pressure duct, and described the second pipeline is middle pressure pipe road, and described the 3rd pipeline is low pressure line.
According to formation described above, utilize oil temperature sensor (far and near 2 points), pressure sensor, fuel oil diffuser and system control unit, can be to controllably reducing aircraft fuel tank fuel oil temperature, and then reduce fuel oil comb..
In addition, the equipment cost using in refrigeration system of the present invention is low, simple to operate, therefore, can improve practicality and the operation ease of refrigeration system.
State in the use refrigeration system for reducing in the flammable refrigerating method of aircraft fuel tank, above-mentioned refrigerating method comprises: a. utilizes and is arranged on the liquid refrigerant that the compressor of above-mentioned aircraft fuel tank outside is High Temperature High Pressure by the refrigerant compression of gaseous state; B. the liquid refrigerant of above-mentioned High Temperature High Pressure is delivered to condenser; C. utilize cooling mechanism to make the liquid refrigerant heat radiation of above-mentioned High Temperature High Pressure, and become the liquid refrigerant of medium temperature and medium pressure; D. the liquid refrigerant of above-mentioned medium temperature and medium pressure enters the evaporator that is arranged on above-mentioned aircraft fuel tank inside via flow regulating valve, e. in the above-mentioned evaporator of above-mentioned aircraft fuel tank, the liquid refrigerant vaporization of above-mentioned medium temperature and medium pressure becomes the refrigerant of gaseous state, and absorb heat from above-mentioned aircraft fuel tank, f. utilize fuel oil diffuser, constantly carry out the convection current of fuel oil, make the fuel oil temperature uniformization in above-mentioned aircraft fuel tank; G. utilize pressure sensor to read real-time fuel flow pressure data, and automatically calculate fuel oil flash temperature by the system control unit that is arranged on above-mentioned aircraft fuel tank outside, and one or more oil temperature sensors of above-mentioned aircraft fuel tank inside are monitored; H., after the temperature in above-mentioned aircraft fuel tank is down to flammability limit, close above-mentioned refrigeration system by system control unit.
By formation described above, utilize above-mentioned refrigeration system and refrigerating method, owing to can automatically allowing system works to the fuel oil temperature of whole target fuel tank is reduced to below flammability limit, then automatic closing system, therefore, can reach and reduce flammable object.
In addition, along with civil aviaton constantly pays close attention to the key index such as economy, maintainability of overall aircraft, the present invention is an airplane design direction that has a prospect beyond doubt.
In addition, in aircraft field, external practice is by airborne nitrogen gas generating system is installed, reduce oxygen concentration in fuel tank and reduce Combined Combustion Index, but in the present invention, utilize controlled refrigeration system, fuel oil temperature in Aircraft Targets fuel tank is reduced in flammability limit, and then reach reduction civil aircraft fuel tank comb..
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that represents the flammable refrigeration system for reducing aircraft fuel tank of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below, with reference to Fig. 1, the flammable refrigeration system for reducing aircraft fuel tank of the present invention is described, wherein, Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that represents above-mentioned refrigeration system.
As shown in Figure 1, carry out in the refrigerant line of cooling refrigerant at the Aviation Fuel case to aircraft, be connected with successively compressor 200, condenser 300, fluid reservoir 400, flow regulating valve 500 and evaporator 100 along the flow direction of refrigerant.
Between compressor 200 and condenser 300, be connected by pressure duct P1, between condenser 300 and fluid reservoir 400, be connected by middle pressure pipe road P2, between flow regulating valve 500 and evaporator 100 and between evaporator 100 and compressor 200, be connected by low pressure line P3, P4.
Above-mentioned evaporator 100 is arranged in aircraft fuel tank (being the region that the symbol 10 in Fig. 1 surrounds).Above-mentioned compressor 200, condenser 300, fluid reservoir 400 and flow regulating valve 500 are all arranged on outside aircraft fuel tank.
In addition, in aircraft fuel tank, be also provided with near point oil temperature sensor TS1, pressure sensor PS, fuel oil diffuser D and far point oil temperature sensor TS2.
By being arranged on the compressor 200 outside aircraft fuel tank, the refrigerant of gaseous state (R410a) is compressed into the liquid refrigerant of High Temperature High Pressure, then deliver to the condenser 300 being arranged on outside aircraft fuel tank.In condenser 300, the liquid refrigerant of High Temperature High Pressure is by heat release, and becomes the liquid refrigerant of medium temperature and medium pressure.Now, also can utilize cooling mechanism 310 to lower the temperature.
The liquid refrigerant of above-mentioned medium temperature and medium pressure flows into fluid reservoir 400 via middle pressure pipe road P2, and under the control of the system control unit 600 of peripheral hardware, enters in the evaporator 100 being arranged in aircraft fuel tank 10 via flow regulating valve 500.
Because the space of refrigerant in evaporator 100 increases, therefore, can make the pressure of refrigerant reduce, and then liquid refrigerant is vaporized.In addition, becoming the refrigerant of gaseous state itself from liquid refrigerants vaporize is exactly the process of a heat absorption, and therefore, this vaporization of refrigerant just can absorb a large amount of heats, and evaporator is turned cold.
In addition,, because evaporator 100 is arranged in aircraft fuel tank, therefore, correspondingly can make the temperature of fuel oil also reduce.
The refrigerant that becomes gaseous state after this process compresses by the compressor 200 being arranged on outside aircraft fuel tank again, realizes by this circulation of refrigerant in whole refrigerant loop.
In addition, for the temperature that makes fuel oil reduces equably, constantly carry out the convection current of fuel oil by the fuel oil diffuser D being arranged in aircraft fuel tank, so that the continuous blending of cold and hot fuel oil.
In addition, utilize pressure sensor PS to read real-time fuel flow pressure data, and automatically calculate fuel oil flash temperature (drawing fuel oil flammability limit) by the system control unit 600 of peripheral hardware, utilize near point oil temperature sensor TS1 and far point oil temperature sensor TS2 to monitor the fuel oil temperature in fuel tank simultaneously.
" near point " and " far point " of this indication be come with respect to the position of the evaporator 100 in fuel tank for temperature sensor fixed.
By formation described above, utilize above-mentioned refrigeration system and refrigerating method, owing to can automatically allowing system works to the fuel oil temperature of whole aircraft fuel tank is reduced to below flammability limit, then automatic closing system, therefore, can reach and reduce flammable object.
Those of ordinary skill in the art are easy to expect other advantage and amendment.Therefore, more wide in range upper at it, shown in the present invention is not limited to here and described detail and representative embodiment.Therefore, can under the prerequisite of spirit or scope that does not depart from the overall inventive concept limiting as appended claims and equivalent thereof, make amendment.
For example, in the present invention, be provided with near point oil temperature sensor TS1 and far point oil temperature sensor TS2 with temperature sensor with respect to the difference of the position of the evaporator 100 in fuel tank, but the present invention is not limited to this, bulk temperature in order to ensure fuel oil in fuel tank evenly, also can arrange apart from different more than three temperature sensor in position of the evaporator 100 in fuel tank.
In the present invention, cooling mechanism 310 is for example extraneous ram air or cooling fan, but can be also the cooling mechanism of other type of cooling.
In the present invention, refrigerant is R410a, but the present invention is not limited to this, can be also other refrigerant that is adapted at using in aircraft.
Claims (7)
1. for reducing the flammable refrigeration system of aircraft fuel tank, it is characterized in that,
In refrigerant passage, be connected with compressor, condenser, fluid reservoir, flow regulating valve and evaporator in turn along the flow direction of refrigerant,
Between described compressor and described condenser, be connected by the first pipeline,
Between described condenser and described fluid reservoir, be connected by the second pipeline,
Between described flow regulating valve and described evaporator and between described evaporator and described compressor, be connected by the 3rd pipeline,
Described evaporator is positioned at described aircraft fuel tank inside,
Described compressor, described condenser, described fluid reservoir and described flow regulating valve are positioned at the outside of described aircraft fuel tank,
Also be provided with oil temperature sensor for the fuel oil temperature in fuel tank is monitored in described aircraft fuel tank inside, for pressure sensor that real-time fuel flow pressure is monitored and for making the continuous convection current of fuel oil make the fuel oil diffuser of the equalizing temperature of fuel oil.
2. as claimed in claim 1ly it is characterized in that for reducing the flammable refrigeration system of aircraft fuel tank,
Be provided with in described aircraft fuel tank inside apart from the different multiple oil temperature sensors of distance of the described evaporator of described aircraft fuel tank, so that the fuel oil temperature at diverse location place is monitored.
3. as claimed in claim 1ly it is characterized in that for reducing the flammable refrigeration system of aircraft fuel tank,
Near described condenser, be provided with the cooling mechanism for promoting the refrigerant cools mobile in described refrigerant passage.
4. as claimed in claim 3ly it is characterized in that for reducing the flammable refrigeration system of aircraft fuel tank,
Described cooling mechanism is extraneous ram air or cooling fan.
5. as claimed in claim 3ly it is characterized in that for reducing the flammable refrigeration system of aircraft fuel tank,
Described refrigeration system also comprises system control unit, and this system control unit is connected with described compressor, described cooling mechanism, described flow regulating valve, described pressure sensor, described oil temperature sensor, described fuel oil diffuser.
6. as claimed in claim 1ly it is characterized in that for reducing the flammable refrigeration system of aircraft fuel tank,
Described the first pipeline is pressure duct,
Described the second pipeline is middle pressure pipe road,
Described the 3rd pipeline is low pressure line.
7. for reducing the flammable refrigerating method of aircraft fuel tank, its right to use requires the refrigeration system described in 1, it is characterized in that, described refrigerating method comprises:
A. utilization is arranged on the liquid refrigerant that the compressor of described aircraft fuel tank outside is High Temperature High Pressure by the refrigerant compression of gaseous state;
B. the liquid refrigerant of described High Temperature High Pressure is delivered to condenser;
C. utilize cooling mechanism to make the liquid refrigerant heat radiation of described High Temperature High Pressure, and become the liquid refrigerant of medium temperature and medium pressure;
D. the liquid refrigerant of described medium temperature and medium pressure enters the evaporator that is arranged on described aircraft fuel tank inside via flow regulating valve,
E. in the described evaporator of described aircraft fuel tank, the liquid refrigerant vaporization of described medium temperature and medium pressure becomes the refrigerant of gaseous state, and absorbs heat from described aircraft fuel tank,
F. utilize fuel oil diffuser, constantly carry out the convection current of fuel oil, make the fuel oil temperature uniformization in described aircraft fuel tank;
G. utilize pressure sensor to read real-time fuel flow pressure data, and automatically calculate fuel oil flash temperature by the system control unit that is arranged on described aircraft fuel tank outside, and one or more oil temperature sensors of described aircraft fuel tank inside are monitored;
H., after the temperature in described aircraft fuel tank is down to flammability limit, close described refrigeration system by system control unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410111840.5A CN103879557A (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2014-03-24 | Refrigerating system for reducing flammability of airplane fuel tank and manufacturing method of refrigerating system for reducing flammability of airplane fuel tank |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410111840.5A CN103879557A (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2014-03-24 | Refrigerating system for reducing flammability of airplane fuel tank and manufacturing method of refrigerating system for reducing flammability of airplane fuel tank |
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| CN103879557A true CN103879557A (en) | 2014-06-25 |
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| CN201410111840.5A Pending CN103879557A (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2014-03-24 | Refrigerating system for reducing flammability of airplane fuel tank and manufacturing method of refrigerating system for reducing flammability of airplane fuel tank |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104176262A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2014-12-03 | 北京航空航天大学 | Pressure-maintaining oil tank of aircraft |
| CN111086645A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-05-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | Device for reducing combustibility of oil tank by using ring control cold system and working method |
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| DE2849286A1 (en) * | 1978-11-14 | 1980-05-29 | Bruno Kuemmerle | Machine tool cooling system - has separate refrigeration vaporiser for lubricant, hydraulic oil and coolant |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104176262A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2014-12-03 | 北京航空航天大学 | Pressure-maintaining oil tank of aircraft |
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| CN111086645A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-05-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | Device for reducing combustibility of oil tank by using ring control cold system and working method |
| CN111086645B (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-04-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Device for reducing combustibility of oil tank by using ring control cold system and working method |
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Application publication date: 20140625 |