CN103878196B - A kind of homogeneous high Strengthening and Toughening magnesium alloy cup-shape member rotary squeezing method - Google Patents
A kind of homogeneous high Strengthening and Toughening magnesium alloy cup-shape member rotary squeezing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of homogeneous high Strengthening and Toughening magnesium alloy cup-shape member rotary squeezing method, step: (1), bar material baiting; (2), homogenising heat treatment; (3), by rotary squeezing mould all heat, rotary squeezing mould mainly comprises rotary squeezing cup-shape member drift, female die for forming; Drift is connected with bringing the upper rotary table of the hydraulic press of rotary table, and the conical surface of that end head that drift contacts with extrusion billet is provided with non-communication type groove; The mold cavity bottoms plane of female die for forming offers groove; Finish graphitic lubricant is sprayed to drift work strip and non-communication type groove, die cavity and blank; Extruding blank is loaded in die cavity; (4), on hydraulic press rotary table axially-movable simultaneously and pivoting blank loaded, drift carries out floating-protruding-floating-protruding filling continuously in drift pivoting movement to the metal clamp-oned in non-communication type groove; (5), extrusion is processed to form magnesium alloy cup-shape member.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Metal Forming technique and forming technique field, specifically a kind of technology for magnesium alloy materials extrusion molding and modification, a kind of particularly shaping of magnesium alloy cup-shape member and the rotary squeezing method of Strengthening and Toughening.
Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly in the fields such as Aero-Space, defence and military, communications and transportation, in the urgent need to adopting high tough lightweight member to realize lightweight, wherein cup-shape member is one of representational version of most.Magnesium alloy density little (for 2/3 of aluminium, 1/2 of titanium), it is the lightest structural metallic materials, there is the advantages such as good specific strength, specific stiffness, heat-conductivity conducting, electromagnetic wave shielding, damping shock absorption, be widely used in the fields such as Aero-Space, communications and transportation, defence and military.Magnesium alloy cast product mechanical property is low, can not meet the requirement of load-carrying member; Plastic Forming significantly can improve the mechanical property of magnesium alloy component, has become domestic and international study hotspot.Magnesium alloy is that Patterns for Close-Packed Hexagonal Crystal structure, plasticity are poor, is shaped easy to crack, and the magnesium alloy cup-shape member of classical inverse extrusion molding, the tensile strength difference about 30% of circumferential and axial.Add the high-strength heat-resistant magnesium alloy of rare earth element, owing to having good high-temperature behavior, in Aero-Space, defence and military field, there is better application prospect; But due to component segregation be mingled with serious, more conventional magnesium alloy plasticity is poorer, is shaped more easy to crack, the cup-shape member of classical inverse extrusion molding each more obvious to strength difference.Pressure twisting strain technique comes from late 1950s the former Russian scholar to the transformation of smooth anvil upsetting defective workmanship---to axial linear movement compound rotary motion around axis of upper flat anvil, harmful friction is become useful shear action, and rub when solving Upsetting the adverse effect brought.The high pressure torsion of current production application is a kind of special circumstances of pressure twisting strain technique, belongs to sever Plastic Deformation, can prepare block super fine crystal material.Its preparation technology is: deformable body bears the pressure effect of about several thousand MPa between concora crush head and die, and concora crush head or die rotate simultaneously, and deformable body is also subject to strong shearing force effect, thus obtains very large plastometric set.Material grains can be refined to micro-nano magnitude by severe plastic deformation that the Combined Loading mode of this high pressure and torsion produces effectively, obtains the material without loose hole, avoids the harmful effect that residual porosity produces material.At present, successfully develop the shaping hydraulic machine of up/down worktable rotary both at home and abroad, but utilize the pressure of these hydraulic presses to turn round forming technology, be generally used for the flat thin workpiece of the less circle of preparation size, the part that the definite shape that cannot be shaped requires, application has some limitations in the industrial production.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is shaping for magnesium alloy cup-shape member and Strengthening and Toughening, a kind of homogeneous high Strengthening and Toughening magnesium alloy cup-shape member rotary squeezing method is proposed, the method can effectively improve magnesium alloy formability, improve formed parts comprehensive mechanical property, overcome conventional extruded be shaped magnesium alloy cup-shape member respectively to the shortcoming that strength difference is large.
To achieve these goals, technique scheme is taked to be:
A kind of homogeneous high Strengthening and Toughening magnesium alloy cup-shape member rotary squeezing method, step:
(1), bar material baiting, blanking diameter is less than magnesium alloy cup-shape member;
(2), homogenising heat treatment, formed blank;
(3), be shaped preparation: rotary squeezing mould is all heated to magnesium alloy bar forming temperature more than 30 DEG C, installation fixes into rotary squeezing mould, and rotary squeezing mould comprises rotary squeezing cup-shape member drift, female die for forming, lower bolster, lower bolster, push rod; Described drift is connected with bringing the upper rotary table of the hydraulic press of rotary table, drift is " work " shaped rotary part, that end head that drift contacts with extrusion billet is cone, conical surface is provided with the non-communication type groove of one fixed width and the degree of depth, and the border circular areas in conical surface centre is not slotted; The mold cavity bottoms plane of female die for forming offers " ten " font groove, through hole is offered in the middle of the mold cavity bottoms plane of female die for forming, described female die for forming, lower bolster are fixed on from top to bottom on lower bolster and form entirety, female die for forming is connected with lower bolster, lower bolster, the middle part of lower bolster and lower bolster is provided with the push-rod hole communicated with the through hole of the bottom of die cavity, described push rod is "T"-shaped, and large diameter "T"-shaped head is placed in through hole, and minor diameter shaft is placed in push-rod hole; Finish graphitic lubricant is sprayed to the die cavity of drift work strip and non-communication type groove, female die for forming and blank; Extruding loaded in the die cavity of female die for forming with magnesium alloy blank, drift realizes axially-movable and the pivoting movement of drift by upper rotary table, and lower bolster is fixed on the lower table of hydraulic press;
(4), forming process: rotary table first downward axially-movable one segment distance on hydraulic press, drift is clamp-oned in blank, on hydraulic press, rotary table moves downward until the non-communication type groove major part of drift is by filled with metal, then, on hydraulic press, rotary table simultaneously axially-movable and pivoting loads blank, drift carries out floating-protruding-floating-protruding filling continuously in drift pivoting movement to the metal clamp-oned in non-communication type groove, form just blank, after extrusion molding completes, on hydraulic press, rotary table stops the rotation and upwards rectilinear motion, drive drift to move up to depart from extrusion, by the liftout tank of hydraulic press to the effect of push rod, the extrusion of extrusion molding is ejected from female die for forming,
(5), extrusion is finally processed to form magnesium alloy cup-shape member.
The external diameter of described magnesium alloy cup-shape member is D, internal diameter is d, the metal flow subregion of extrusion when rotary extrusion forming before the processing of magnesium alloy cup-shape member comprises deformed area, rigid region, cylinder Upsetting district, Deformed ring district, wall of cup is deformed area, the cup end is rigid region, be cylinder Upsetting district bottom cup chamber at the cup end, the junction of the cup end and wall of cup is Deformed ring district, for ensureing the deformation uniformity in short transverse, ratio of height to diameter h/d≤0.2, cylinder Upsetting district below drift, namely
the Rational structure parameter of magnesium alloy cup-shape member is
On described hydraulic press, rotary table loads blank with the axially-movable speed of 2 ~ 10mm/s and 2 ~ 5r/min speed that pivots simultaneously.
A kind of homogeneous high Strengthening and Toughening magnesium alloy cup-shape member rotary squeezing method of the present invention, compared with the classical inverse extrusion molding of magnesium alloy cup-shape member, has substantial technical characterstic and significant effect is:
(1) improve the crystallized ability of magnesium alloy materials: magnesium alloy inductile material, even if be at high temperature shaped, also very easily ftracture.This extrusion forming method effectively improves the inside hydrostatic pressure of extrusion, can improve the plasticity of magnesium alloy materials by high degree.Comparatively classical inverse crimp, extrusion interior point equivalent plastic strain value can increase substantially.
(2) high compact texture is obtained, thinning microstructure Be very effective, reduce extrusion performance anisotropy: rotary extrusion forming method of the present invention effectively improves the inside hydrostatic pressure of extrusion, larger shear strain amount is created by changing magnesium alloy materials internal stress strain regime, can the internal void of seam extrusion of high degree, the inner as-cast structure of breaking deformation body, crystal grain thinning tissue to submicron order even nanometer scale, formation there is the aplitic texture of big angle crystal boundary, significantly strengthen the working hardening effect of magnesium alloy materials.This extrusion forming method can ensure the even tissue of extrusion, reduces extrusion performance anisotropy.
(3) manufacturing process of high performance magnesium alloy cup-shape member is shortened: the plastic strain of classical inverse extrusion molding is limited, the working hardening effect do not reached.So before classical inverse extrusion molding, multi-pass cylinder upsetting (sometimes also needing then to pull out) base must be passed through and obtain larger plastic deformation.And extrusion forming method of the present invention, do not need jumping-up or pulling base, directly utilize axial compressive force and tangential shear while effect just can obtain great plastic strain, this contributes to break down dendritic tissue and fragmentation impurity, significantly strengthens the working hardening effect of magnesium alloy materials.
Compared with a kind of homogeneous high Strengthening and Toughening magnesium alloy cup-shape member rotary squeezing method of the present invention is twisted into shape (high pressure torsion) with pressure, there is substantial technical characterstic and significant effect is:
(1) can the blank of extrusion molding arbitrary height: breach pressure be twisted into shape (high pressure torsion) can only for the preparation of the limitation of the less flat thin workpiece of size.
(2) can obtain larger shearing strain quantity, working hardening effect is more outstanding: pressure be twisted into shape (high pressure torsion) be between pressured head and blank active friction to obtain shearing strain quantity.And extrusion forming method of the present invention, the active friction of end face that not only drift contacts with extrusion can produce detrusion, and floating-protruding-floating-protruding filling continuously of the metal clamp-oned in the non-communication type groove of drift carrying out in the pivoting movement of drift, deformed area metal can be made to produce larger detrusion, and crystal grain thinning, break down dendritic tissue and impurity ability are stronger.For magnesium alloy high-performance cup-shape member, extrusion forming method of the present invention does not need jumping-up (pulling) base, and manufacturing process is shorter.
(3) loading demands of deformable body axis can be reduced, improve service life of equipment: want to obtain the working hardening effect same with the present invention, pressure is twisted into shape (high pressure torsion) backward extrusion cup-shape member must by means of active friction larger between pressure head and blank, under identical lubricating condition, the loading demands that pressure is twisted into shape (high pressure torsion) backward extrusion cup-shape member axis is higher.Coupling axially-movable and the hydraulic press upper table pivoted, if axial load is excessive, inherently accelerate the wearing and tearing of thrust bearing part, reduce the service life of equipment.
The present invention is that magnesium alloy cup-shape member provides a kind of short route, high performance manufacture method, also provides reference for preparing the brilliant material of magnesium alloy ultra-fine.Along with the raising of the lightweight level of new-type weapon and equipment and the lifting day by day of war skill index (speed, reliability, bearing capacity etc.), demand for the little magnesium alloy high-performance cup-shape member of performance anisotropy is increasing, and application prospect of the present invention will be become better and better.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the magnesium alloy cup-shape member sectional view after extrusion molding of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the magnesium alloy cup-shape member top view after extrusion molding of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the magnesium alloy cup-shape member upward view after extrusion molding of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the crimp metal flow subregion schematic diagram of extrusion of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the assembly drawing of mould of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is mould of the present invention " one " font groove drift stereogram;
Fig. 7 is mould of the present invention " one " font groove drift sectional view;
Fig. 8 is mould of the present invention " one " font groove drift upward view (in Fig. 7 A to);
Fig. 9 is mould of the present invention " one " font groove drift right view (in Fig. 7 B to);
Figure 10 is mould of the present invention " ten " font groove drift schematic diagram;
Figure 11 is mould of the present invention " bifurcation " font groove drift schematic diagram;
Figure 12 is the female die for forming sectional view of mould of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the female die for forming top view (in Figure 12 C to) of mould of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the working state figure one of mould of the present invention;
Figure 15 is the working state figure two of mould of the present invention;
Figure 16 is the working state figure three of mould of the present invention;
Figure 17 is the working state figure four of mould of the present invention;
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, the present invention is further described.
The present invention illustrates a kind of rotary squeezing mould and method of homogeneous high Strengthening and Toughening magnesium alloy cup-shape member by specific embodiment.
As shown in Fig. 5, Figure 14 ~ 17, a kind of rotary squeezing mould 2 of homogeneous high Strengthening and Toughening magnesium alloy cup-shape member, comprises rotary squeezing cup-shape member drift 22, female die for forming 23, lower bolster 27, lower bolster 28, push rod 29; As shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 9, described drift 22 is " work " shaped rotary part, that end head 221 that drift 22 contacts with extrusion billet 41 (as shown in Figure 5) is cone, conical surface has the non-communication type groove 222 (as shown in Fig. 5 ~ Figure 11) of " one " font of one fixed width and the degree of depth, " ten " font or " bifurcation " font, and the border circular areas of the certain diameter size in conical surface centre is not slotted (as shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Figure 10, Figure 11); As shown in Figure 12 ~ Figure 17, die cavity 231 base plane of female die for forming 23 offers roomy " ten " font groove 232, offers through hole 233 in the middle of die cavity 231 base plane of female die for forming 23; Described female die for forming 23, lower bolster 27 are fixed on from top to bottom on lower bolster 28 and form entirety, female die for forming 23 is connected with lower bolster 27, lower bolster 28 with pin 26 by trip bolt 25, the middle part of lower bolster 27 and lower bolster 28 is provided with the push-rod hole 234 communicated with the through hole 233 of the bottom of die cavity 231, described push rod 29 is "T"-shaped, large diameter "T"-shaped head 291 is placed in through hole 233, and minor diameter shaft 292 is placed in push-rod hole 234; Described drift 22, push-rod hole 234, through hole 233, die cavity 231 are positioned at same central axis; Described push rod 29 enters die cavity 231 in mode flexible back and forth or recedes into through hole 233 from die cavity 231 from through hole 233.
A kind of homogeneous high Strengthening and Toughening magnesium alloy cup-shape member rotary squeezing method, step:
(1), bar material baiting, blanking diameter is less than the outer diameter D 3mm ~ 5mm of magnesium alloy cup-shape member 1 (as shown in Figure 1);
(2), homogenising heat treatment, formed blank 40 (as shown in Figure 5);
(3), be shaped preparation: above-mentioned rotary squeezing mould 2 is all heated to magnesium alloy bar forming temperature more than 30 DEG C, installation fixes into rotary squeezing mould 2, drift 22 is connected (scheming depending on not going out) with bringing the upper rotary table of the hydraulic press of rotary table, finish graphitic lubricant is sprayed to the die cavity 231 of drift 22 work strip (in Fig. 9 m size) and non-communication type groove 222, female die for forming 23 and blank 40 (as shown in Figure 5); Extruding magnesium alloy blank 40 is loaded in the die cavity 231 of female die for forming 23, as shown in Figure 5, drift 22 realizes axially-movable and the pivoting movement of drift 22 by upper rotary table (figure is not depending on going out), and lower bolster 28 is fixed on (figure is not depending on going out) on the lower table of hydraulic press;
(4), forming process: as Fig. 5, shown in Figure 14, rotary table (figure is not depending on going out) first downward axially-movable one segment distance on hydraulic press, drift 22 is clamp-oned in blank 40, on hydraulic press, rotary table (figure is not depending on going out) moves downward until non-communication type groove 222 major part of drift 22 is by filled with metal, then, as shown in figure 15, on hydraulic press, rotary table (figure is not depending on going out) loads blank 40 with the axially-movable speed of 2 ~ 10mm/s and the 2 ~ 5r/min speed that pivots simultaneously, drift 22 carries out floating-protruding-floating-protruding filling continuously in drift 22 pivoting movement to the metal clamp-oned in non-communication type groove 222, form just blank 41, in this process, the speed of pivoting must with axially-movable speed Proper Match, be cut off to prevent the metal in the non-communication type groove 222 of drift 22 or form fold defect, after extrusion molding completes, rotary table on hydraulic press (figure is not depending on going out) stops the rotation and upwards rectilinear motion (as shown in figure 16), drive drift 22 to move up to depart from extrusion 42, as shown in figure 17, by liftout tank (figure is not depending on the going out) effect to push rod 29 of hydraulic press, the extrusion 42 of extrusion molding is ejected from female die for forming 23,
(5), extrusion 42 is finally processed to form magnesium alloy cup-shape member 1 (as shown in Figure 1).
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Fig. 3, the external diameter of the magnesium alloy cup-shape member 1 that the present invention relates to is D, internal diameter is d, as shown in Figure 4, the metal flow subregion of extrusion 42 when rotary extrusion forming before magnesium alloy cup-shape member 1 processing comprises deformed area, rigid region, cylinder Upsetting district, Deformed ring district, wall of cup 11 is deformed area, the cup end 13 is rigid region, bottom cup chamber at the cup end 13,14 is cylinder Upsetting district, the cup end 13 is Deformed ring district with the junction 12 of wall of cup 11, for ensureing the deformation uniformity in short transverse, ratio of height to diameter h/d≤0.2, cylinder Upsetting district below drift 22, namely
the Rational structure parameter of visible homogeneous high Strengthening and Toughening magnesium alloy cup-shape member 1 involved in the present invention is
The drift 22 of the rotary squeezing mould 2 of magnesium alloy cup-shape member of the present invention, it contacts the non-communication type groove 222 (as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6) that end face processes one fixed width and the degree of depth with extruding blank 40.Non-communication type groove 222 shape can be designed to " one " font, " ten " font, or the non-communication type groove 222 of " bifurcation " font is (as Fig. 6, Fig. 8, shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11), process the groove 232 (as shown in Figure 5) of non-communication type groove 222 and female die for forming 23 with the use of, Main Function has following 5 points, (1) for being twisted into shape (as shown in figure 15) to the rotation pressure of extrusion 42, the ratio of height to diameter comparatively large (much larger than 0.2) of the blank 40 of rotary extrusion forming, end-face friction only by the head 221 of drift 22 is difficult to realize the continuous transmission of moment of torsion in blank 40 inside, drift 22 processes non-communication type groove 222, and with the groove 232 of female die for forming 23 with the use of, the continuous transmission of moment of torsion in larger ratio of height to diameter blank 40 inside can be realized, now more effectively can play the effect of shear stress, reduce axial deformation power, (2) make extrusion 42 be subject to larger torsional interaction, be conducive to the inside of displacement transfer to the cylindrical Upsetting district 14 of extrusion 42, thus improve extrusion 42 deformation uniformity axially, and for meeting the extrusion 42 of structural parameters d/D >=0.821, extrusion 42 deformation uniformity axially can improve further, (3) relative sliding between the end face that can reduce the end face edge metal of extrusion 42 and the head 221 of drift 22, be conducive to increasing the deflection of inside, cylindrical Upsetting district 14 especially h/2 cross section, reach better working hardening effect, and extrusion 42 deformation uniformity axially can be improved.(4) working hardening effect is more outstanding, clamp-on the continuous filling of metal in drift 22 pivoting movement (" floating-protruding-floating-protruding ... ") in the non-communication type groove 222 of drift 22, deformed area metal can be made to produce larger detrusion, crystal grain thinning, break down dendritic tissue and impurity ability are stronger, distortion Strengthening and Toughening Be very effective; (5) be conducive to the hydrostatic pressure of the cylinder deformed area metal strengthened below drift 22, the buy back policy occurred when adding high temperature large deformation, causes grain refinement and softening behavior, makes magnesium alloy have very high plasticity.
Non-communication type groove 222 shape of the drift 22 of the rotary squeezing mould 2 of magnesium alloy cup-shape member 1 of the present invention can be designed to " one " font (as shown in Figure 6), " ten " font (as shown in Figure 10), " bifurcation " font (as shown in figure 11), need not slot in the centre 223 of drift 22, when this is due to round shaft distorion, on cross section, the shear stress of arbitrfary point is directly proportional to the distance of this point to the center of circle; Shear stress apart from equidistant each point place, the center of circle is all equal, and the direction of shear stress is vertical with radius; Very little at the shear stress of cylinder axis part, corresponding shear stress role is also not obvious.
With external diameter 200mm, the cup shell of internal diameter 170mm is example, non-communication type groove 222 width b (as shown in Figure 8) about the value 10mm of drift 22, non-communication type groove 222 degree of depth h (as shown in Figure 9) about the value 10mm of drift 22, end face 221 cone angle a (as shown in Figure 9) of drift 22 is considered with providing the angle of large as far as possible horizontal Friction Shearing Stress from favourable with metal flow, span can be 1 ° ~ 3 °, under the prerequisite that end face 221 center fillet R (as shown in Figure 7) of drift 22 allows in structural design, should be taken large values (about R100mm) as far as possible, the non-communication type groove cone angle beta (as shown in Figure 9) of drift 22, get 30 ° ~ 40 °, to facilitate the continuous filling of metal in drift 22 pivoting movement realizing clamp-oning in the non-communication type groove 222 of drift 22, consider the filling of metal in non-communication type groove 222 and avoid the metal clamp-oned in the non-communication type groove 222 of drift 22 cut-off in the process of pivoting, the porch radius of corner r (as shown in Figure 9) of the non-communication type groove 222 of drift 22 gets about 10mm.
The female die for forming 23 of the rotary squeezing mould 2 of magnesium alloy cup-shape member 1 of the present invention, the base plane of die cavity 231 offers " ten " font groove 232 (as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13) of the large degree of depth (20 ~ 30mm) of large width (40 ~ 80mm), prevent extrusion 42 from spinning in female die for forming 23 under the turning effort of drift 22, and the transmission of moment of torsion when being conducive to rotary extrusion forming suffered by blank.
The rotary squeezing method of a kind of homogeneous high Strengthening and Toughening magnesium alloy cup-shape member of the present invention, compared with the classical inverse extrusion molding of magnesium alloy cup-shape member 1, has substantial technical characterstic and significant effect is:
(1) improve the crystallized ability of magnesium alloy materials: magnesium alloy inductile material, even if be at high temperature shaped, also very easily ftracture.This extrusion forming method effectively improves the inside hydrostatic pressure of extrusion 42, can improve the plasticity of magnesium alloy materials by high degree.Comparatively classical inverse crimp, extrusion 42 interior point equivalent plastic strain value can increase substantially.
(2) high compact texture is obtained, thinning microstructure Be very effective, reduce extrusion 42 performance anisotropy: rotary extrusion forming method of the present invention effectively improves the inside hydrostatic pressure of extrusion 42, larger shear strain amount is created by changing magnesium alloy materials internal stress strain regime, can the internal void of seam extrusion 42 of high degree, the inner as-cast structure of breaking deformation body, crystal grain thinning tissue to submicron order even nanometer scale, formation there is the aplitic texture of big angle crystal boundary, significantly strengthen the working hardening effect of magnesium alloy materials.This extrusion forming method can ensure the even tissue of extrusion 42, reduces extrusion 42 performance anisotropy.
(3) manufacturing process of high performance magnesium alloy cup-shape member 1 is shortened: the plastic strain of classical inverse extrusion molding is limited, the working hardening effect do not reached.So before classical inverse extrusion molding, multi-pass cylinder upsetting (sometimes also needing then to pull out) base must be passed through and obtain larger plastic deformation.And extrusion forming method of the present invention, do not need jumping-up or pulling base, directly utilize axial compressive force and tangential shear while effect just can obtain great plastic strain, this contributes to break down dendritic tissue and fragmentation impurity, significantly strengthens the working hardening effect of magnesium alloy materials.
Compared with the rotary squeezing method of a kind of homogeneous high Strengthening and Toughening magnesium alloy cup-shape member of the present invention is twisted into shape (high pressure torsion) with pressure, there is substantial technical characterstic and significant effect is:
(1) can the blank of extrusion molding arbitrary height: breach pressure be twisted into shape (high pressure torsion) can only for the preparation of the limitation of the less flat thin workpiece of size.
(2) can obtain larger shearing strain quantity, working hardening effect is more outstanding: pressure be twisted into shape (high pressure torsion) be between pressured head and blank active friction to obtain shearing strain quantity.And extrusion forming method of the present invention, the active friction of end face that not only drift 22 contacts with extrusion 42 can produce detrusion, and the continuous filling of the metal clamp-oned in the non-communication type groove 222 of drift 22 in the pivoting movement of drift 22, deformed area metal can be made to produce larger detrusion, and crystal grain thinning, break down dendritic tissue and impurity ability are stronger.For magnesium alloy high-performance cup-shape member 1, extrusion forming method of the present invention does not need jumping-up (pulling) base, and manufacturing process is shorter.
(3) loading demands of deformable body axis can be reduced, improve service life of equipment: want to obtain the working hardening effect same with the present invention, pressure is twisted into shape (high pressure torsion) backward extrusion cup-shape member must by means of active friction larger between pressure head and blank, under identical lubricating condition, the loading demands that pressure is twisted into shape (high pressure torsion) backward extrusion cup-shape member axis is higher.Coupling axially-movable and the hydraulic press upper table pivoted, if axial load is excessive, inherently accelerate the wearing and tearing of thrust bearing part, reduce the service life of equipment.
The present invention is that magnesium alloy cup-shape member 1 provides a kind of short route, high performance manufacture method, also provides reference for preparing the brilliant material of magnesium alloy ultra-fine.Along with the raising of the lightweight level of new-type weapon and equipment and the lifting day by day of war skill index (speed, reliability, bearing capacity etc.), demand for the little magnesium alloy high-performance cup-shape member of performance anisotropy is increasing, and application prospect of the present invention will be become better and better.
Claims (3)
1. a homogeneous high Strengthening and Toughening magnesium alloy cup-shape member rotary squeezing method, is characterized in that: step:
(1), bar material baiting, blanking diameter is less than magnesium alloy cup-shape member;
(2), homogenising heat treatment, formed blank;
(3), be shaped preparation: rotary squeezing mould is all heated to magnesium alloy bar forming temperature more than 30 DEG C, installation fixes into rotary squeezing mould, and rotary squeezing mould comprises rotary squeezing cup-shape member drift, female die for forming, lower bolster, lower bolster, push rod; Described drift is connected with bringing the upper rotary table of the hydraulic press of rotary table, drift is " work " shaped rotary part, that end head that drift contacts with extrusion billet is cone, conical surface is provided with the non-communication type groove of one fixed width and the degree of depth, and the border circular areas in conical surface centre is not slotted; The mold cavity bottoms plane of female die for forming offers " ten " font groove, through hole is offered in the middle of the mold cavity bottoms plane of female die for forming, described female die for forming, lower bolster are fixed on from top to bottom on lower bolster and form entirety, female die for forming is connected with lower bolster, lower bolster, the middle part of lower bolster and lower bolster is provided with the push-rod hole communicated with the through hole of the bottom of die cavity, described push rod is "T"-shaped, and large diameter "T"-shaped head is placed in through hole, and minor diameter shaft is placed in push-rod hole; Finish graphitic lubricant is sprayed to the die cavity of drift work strip and non-communication type groove, female die for forming and blank; Extruding loaded in the die cavity of female die for forming with magnesium alloy blank, drift realizes axially-movable and the pivoting movement of drift by upper rotary table, and lower bolster is fixed on the lower table of hydraulic press;
(4), forming process: rotary table first downward axially-movable one segment distance on hydraulic press, drift is clamp-oned in blank, on hydraulic press, rotary table moves downward until the non-communication type groove major part of drift is by filled with metal, then, on hydraulic press, rotary table simultaneously axially-movable and pivoting loads blank, drift carries out floating-protruding-floating-protruding filling continuously in drift pivoting movement to the metal clamp-oned in non-communication type groove, form just blank, after extrusion molding completes, on hydraulic press, rotary table stops the rotation and upwards rectilinear motion, drive drift to move up to depart from extrusion, by the liftout tank of hydraulic press to the effect of push rod, the extrusion of extrusion molding is ejected from female die for forming,
(5), extrusion is finally processed to form magnesium alloy cup-shape member.
2. a kind of homogeneous high Strengthening and Toughening magnesium alloy cup-shape member rotary squeezing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the external diameter of described magnesium alloy cup-shape member is D, internal diameter is d, the metal flow subregion of extrusion when rotary extrusion forming before the processing of magnesium alloy cup-shape member comprises deformed area, rigid region, cylinder Upsetting district, Deformed ring district, wall of cup is deformed area, the cup end is rigid region, be cylinder Upsetting district bottom cup chamber at the cup end, the junction of the cup end and wall of cup is Deformed ring district, for ensureing the deformation uniformity in short transverse, ratio of height to diameter h/d≤0.2, cylinder Upsetting district below drift, namely
the Rational structure parameter of magnesium alloy cup-shape member is
3. a kind of homogeneous high Strengthening and Toughening magnesium alloy cup-shape member rotary squeezing method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: on described hydraulic press, rotary table loads blank with the axially-movable speed of 2 ~ 10mm/s and 2 ~ 5r/min speed that pivots simultaneously.
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| CN107206446A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2017-09-26 | 王正平 | Precision is squeezed and is cut into machine |
| CN104943228A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-09-30 | 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 | Secondary table structure of punching machine |
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