CN103875664B - The disease-resistant protectant of strawberry - Google Patents
The disease-resistant protectant of strawberry Download PDFInfo
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- CN103875664B CN103875664B CN201410091363.0A CN201410091363A CN103875664B CN 103875664 B CN103875664 B CN 103875664B CN 201410091363 A CN201410091363 A CN 201410091363A CN 103875664 B CN103875664 B CN 103875664B
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- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the disease-resistant protectant of a kind of strawberry.The disease-resistant protectant of this strawberry comprises salicylic acid, solvent, surfactant, PH conditioning agent and water; the proportioning of each component is: the salicylic acid solution of 0.5 ~ 4.0mmol/L mixes with the surfactant of 0.5 ~ 1%; the PH regulating solution by KOH solution is 5.5 ~ 6.5; salicylic acid is pure for analyzing; generated through hydroxylating by benzoic acid or generated by side chain beta-oxidation by trans-cinnamic acid; solvent can use Tween 80 for surfactant described in neutral organic solvent, and PH conditioning agent is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.The advantage that the present invention has: with conventional vessel, preparation is simple, and salicylic acid is suitability for industrialized production, with low cost; Preparation is to crop, person poultry safety; Pathogen not easily produces resistance, and control efficiency is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of protectant, especially relate to the disease-resistant protectant of a kind of strawberry.
Background technology
Powdery mildew of strawberry and gray mold are that under the main fungal disease, particularly facility condition of two kinds in strawberry production, usually run into higher temp. and humidity, this two kinds of diseases easily occur planting strawberry.When powdery mildew of strawberry and gray mold occur serious, sick leaf rate is more than 30 ~ 45%, and diseased fruit rate, more than 30 ~ 50%, has had a strong impact on the output of strawberry, quality and economic benefit.The idea of production is shown in that disease is cured the disease often, curing the disease with medicine, pesticide dosage is large, and cost is high, and effect is undesirable, more seriously for the food security of strawberry brings hidden danger.
Salicylic acid (salicylicacid, SA) chemical name septichen is a kind of phenolic compound that vegetative kingdom extensively exists, and is the signal of interest molecule of Plant defense responses.In recent years, increasing research shows: salicylic acid has mediated complete stool acquired resistance (SAR) in plant corpus.The mechanism that salicylic acid improves disease resistance of plant has following two aspects: be the disease resistance being improved plant by the activity of regulatory enzyme on the one hand.On the other hand, the synthesis of Induced by Salicylic Acid pathogenesis-related proteins (PR-albumen), PR-albumen is plant is produced (or accumulation) one or more protein after pathogenic bacterial infection or some specific compound process.PR-albumen has anti-proteolysis enzyme viability, can resist infecting of pathogen, and plant can be made to produce systemic resistance.With exogenous salicylic acid as inducible factor, local to fungi, bacterium and virus disease and system resistant can be produced by the crop such as evoking tobacco, potato, cucumber and rice.Existing data has no report salicylic acid for preventing and treating the research of powdery mildew of strawberry and gray mold.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of environmental protection, there is inducing strawberry opposing powdery mildew, gray mold, and the disease-resistant protectant of the strawberry with certain bactericidal action.
The disease-resistant protectant of a kind of strawberry; it is characterized in that comprising salicylic acid, solvent, surfactant, PH conditioning agent and water; the proportioning of each component is: the salicylic acid solution of 0.5 ~ 4.0mmol/L mixes with the surfactant of 0.5 ~ 1%; the PH regulating solution by KOH solution is 5.5 ~ 6.5; salicylic acid is pure for analyzing; generated through hydroxylating by benzoic acid or generated by side chain beta-oxidation by trans-cinnamic acid; solvent is neutral organic solvent; surfactant can use Tween 80, and PH conditioning agent is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
Improve as one, it is characterized in that by disease-resistant for strawberry protectant with 0.5% ~ 1% emulsion dilute 10 times at the non-premorbid of strawberry, for the first time evenly spray in strawberry complete stool blade, contrast water, sprays once for later 5 ~ 8 days again.
Improve as one, the disease-resistant protectant application process of strawberry also includes following steps:
(1) nursery: August or the first tenday period of a month in September start to heel in seedling, after seedling survives, how long and filter out sturdy seedling and transplant new root has 1 cun;
(2) in mid-September or early October, degree/day is for three days on end more than 20 DEG C, and transplant field on the ground, transplanted for 6 thousand to 7 ten thousand strain strong sprouts for every mu, the spacing in the rows in described strong sprout is 13-15 centimetre, and every day sprinkled water once to described strong sprout in 8 a.m., 12 noon and at 4 in afternoon;
(3) seedling grows two leaves and wholeheartedly sets about peelling off Lao Ye after surviving;
(4) first time topdresses, by disease-resistant for strawberry protectant with 0.5% ~ 1% emulsion dilute 10 times at the non-premorbid of strawberry, for the first time evenly spray in strawberry complete stool blade, contrast water, sprays once for later 5 ~ 8 days again.
(5) until seedling grow two leaves wholeheartedly after again set about peelling off Lao Ye, five times repeatedly;
(6) strawberry is after the flowers are in blossom, in booth, put into honeybee.
Said method is a kind of workable, more rational strawberry cultivation method of method, and it can realize the batch production of strawberry cultivating, specialization and scale, the yield and quality of raising strawberry, the economic benefit of increase strawberry cultivating.
The advantage that the disease-resistant protectant of this strawberry has: with conventional vessel, preparation is simple, and salicylic acid is suitability for industrialized production, with low cost; Preparation is to crop, person poultry safety; Pathogen not easily produces resistance, and control efficiency is good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is powdery mildew of strawberry disease index table of comparisons when spraying the disease-resistant protectant of strawberry 2 times in the present invention and do not spray strawberry disease-resistant protectant.
Fig. 2 sprays the disease-resistant protectant of strawberry once to change parallel tables with the disease index of twice in the present invention.
Embodiment
Compound method example 1
(1) 0.069g salicylic acid 5ml ethanol is dissolved, be made into salicylic acid ethanolic solution.(2) get 5g Tween 80 and add the emulsion 100mL that 95g water is made into 5%.(3) 5.61gKOH is dissolved in 100ml distilled water makes 1mol/LPH conditioning agent.(4) stir the solution of step (1) while slowly add the emulsion of step (2), be settled to 1000mL with running water, and regulate pH value to be 5.5 ~ 6.5 with step (3) solution, mixing, obtains preparation 1.
Compound method example 2
(1) 0.138g salicylic acid 5ml ethanol is dissolved, be made into salicylic acid ethanolic solution.(2) get 5g Tween 80 and add the emulsion 100mL that 95g water is made into 5%.(3) 5.61gKOH is dissolved in 100ml distilled water makes 1mol/LPH conditioning agent.(4) solution of step (1) is stirred while slowly add the emulsion of step (2).(3) 5.61gKOH is dissolved in 100ml distilled water makes 1mol/LPH conditioning agent.(4) stir the solution of step (1) while slowly add the emulsion of step (2), be settled to 1000mL with running water, and regulate pH value to be 5.5 ~ 6.5 with step (3) solution, mixing, obtains preparation 2.
Compound method example 3
(1) 0.276g salicylic acid 5ml ethanol is dissolved, be made into salicylic acid ethanolic solution.(2) get 5g Tween 80 and add the emulsion 100mL that 95g water is made into 5%.(3) 5.61gKOH is dissolved in 100ml distilled water makes 1mol/LPH conditioning agent.(4) stir the solution of step (1) while slowly add the emulsion of step (2), be settled to 1000mL with running water, and regulate pH value to be 5.5 ~ 6.5 with step (3) solution, mixing, obtains preparation 3.
Compound method example 4
(1) 0.552g salicylic acid 5ml ethanol is dissolved, be made into salicylic acid ethanolic solution.(2) get 5g Tween 80 and add the emulsion 100mL that 95g water is made into 5%.(3) 5.61gKOH is dissolved in 100ml distilled water makes 1mol/LPH conditioning agent.(4) stir the solution of step (1) while slowly add the emulsion of step (2), be settled to 1000mL with running water, and regulate pH value to be 5.5 ~ 6.5 with step (3) solution, mixing, obtains preparation 4.
Compound method example 5
(1) 0.069g salicylic acid 5ml ethanol is dissolved, be made into salicylic acid ethanolic solution.(2) get 10g Tween 80 and add the emulsion 100mL that 99g water is made into 1%.(3) 5.61gKOH is dissolved in 100ml distilled water makes 1mol/LPH conditioning agent.(4) stir the solution of step (1) while slowly add the emulsion of step (2), be settled to 1000mL with running water, and regulate pH value to be 5.5 ~ 6.5 with step (3) solution, mixing, obtains preparation 5.
Compound method example 6
(1) 0.138g salicylic acid 5ml ethanol is dissolved, be made into salicylic acid ethanolic solution.(2) get 10g Tween 80 and add the emulsion 100mL that 99g water is made into 1%.(3) 5.61gKOH is dissolved in 100ml distilled water makes 1mol/LPH conditioning agent.(4) stir the solution of step (1) while slowly add the emulsion of step (2), be settled to 1000mL with running water, and regulate pH value to be 5.5 ~ 6.5 with step (3) solution, mixing, obtains preparation 6.
Compound method example 7
(1) 0.276g salicylic acid 5ml ethanol is dissolved, be made into salicylic acid ethanolic solution.(2) get 10g Tween 80 and add the emulsion 100mL that 99g water is made into 1%.。(3) 5.61gKOH is dissolved in 100ml distilled water makes 1mol/LPH conditioning agent.(4) stir the solution of step (1) while slowly add the emulsion of step (2), be settled to 1000mL with running water, and regulate pH value to be 5.5 ~ 6.5 with step (3) solution, mixing, obtains preparation 7.
Compound method example 8
(1) 0.552g salicylic acid 5ml ethanol is dissolved, be made into salicylic acid ethanolic solution.(2) get 10g Tween 80 and add the emulsion 100mL that 99g water is made into 1%.(3) 5.61gKOH is dissolved in 100ml distilled water makes 1mol/LPH conditioning agent.(4) stir the solution of step (1) while slowly add the emulsion of step (2), be settled to 1000mL with running water, and regulate pH value to be 5.5 ~ 6.5 with step (3) solution, mixing, obtains preparation 8.
The application process of solution:
(1) nursery: August or the first tenday period of a month in September start to heel in seedling, after seedling survives, how long and filter out sturdy seedling and transplant new root has 1 cun;
(2) in mid-September or early October, degree/day is for three days on end more than 20 DEG C, and transplant field on the ground, transplanted for 6 thousand to 7 ten thousand strain strong sprouts for every mu, the spacing in the rows in described strong sprout is 13-15 centimetre, and every day sprinkled water once to described strong sprout in 8 a.m., 12 noon and at 4 in afternoon;
(3) seedling grows two leaves and wholeheartedly sets about peelling off Lao Ye after surviving;
(4) first time topdresses, then agricultural chemicals is changed into above-mentioned preparation 1 ~ 8 with 0.5% ~ 1% emulsion dilute 10 times at the non-premorbid of strawberry, for the first time evenly spray in strawberry complete stool blade, contrast water, sprays once for later 5 ~ 8 days again.
(5) until seedling grow two leaves wholeheartedly after again set about peelling off Lao Ye, five times repeatedly;
(6) strawberry is after the flowers are in blossom, in booth, put into honeybee.
According to greenhouse strawberry planting technology main points; in strawberry susceptible disease period, by disease-resistant for strawberry protectant with 0.5% ~ 1% emulsion dilute 10 times at the non-premorbid of strawberry, first time evenly sprays in strawberry complete stool blade; contrast water, sprays once for later 5 ~ 8 days again.
Result of the test shows, after spraying the disease-resistant protectant of strawberry 2 times, powdery mildew of strawberry disease index is starkly lower than contrast (see figure 1).Find out that the effect spraying 2 times is better than spraying 1 time from control efficiency data.(see figure 2)
Carry out mensuration to the disease-resistant relevant enzymic activity of strawberry in addition to show: the specific activity contrast of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and phenylalnine ammonialyase (PAL) significantly improves.
Planting generation
General August or the first tenday period of a month in September start to heel in seedling, and after seedling survives, new root has 1 cun how long just can plant, and the time of plantation is mostly selected in mid-September or early October.
Seedling stage and overlay film management
Grow two leaves after seedling survives wholeheartedly just can set about peelling off Lao Ye, planting strawberry stripping leaf is a comparatively large order, one season strawberry to shell leaf 5 times, latter 2 times of year in year for 3 times.Start to shell leaf, first time topdresses and also starts, and preventing disease pest control also starts.
Overlay film period, too early temperature was higher general in mid or late November, can affect strawberry bud formation can suitably some seedlings are little late just can be earlier.Just can put honeybee in a suitable place to breed in canopy after under booth lid, a general booth puts one barrel of honeybee in a suitable place to breed.
Budding and manage flowering stage
Generally the strawberry of kind mid-September, the last ten-days period in October start to have buddingged with regard to there being the strawberry of minority, just more to early and middle ten days is bloomed November, therefore the last ten-days period in October or mid-November (before and after overlay film) to note especially preventing disease pest control at this moment temperature mostly the most easily form powdery mildew, two spotted spider mite and aphid in 20 several years and all can break out.
Be generally the flower can seeing white in early and middle ten days booth in November, but be not absolute.What bloom has very large relation with the temperature of weather sooner or later, and there is relation the time of planting with strawberry.
Strawberry second is with good conditionsi after the flowers are in blossom can set about flower and fruit thinning.At this moment can dredge the little Hua fruitlet of first, the bud of second flower can also be dredged.Flower thinning is better than fruit thinning, and the strawberry quality better after fruit thinning, does not have fruitlet and malformed fruit.
Management after the beginning of spring
Spring gos up due to temperature, and some disease insect pest also starts and white powder palindromia at this moment should be prevented also will to note preventing two spotted spider mite, thrips, because the output of strawberry concentrates on spring mostly, so the management after the beginning of spring is very important.Spray insecticide and must carry out after strawberry has been plucked, interval uses agricultural chemicals after a week.
Cultivation method of the present invention is simple, be applicable to extensive cultivation, process at the critical stage of Strawberry Growth, and in conjunction with scientific and rational fertilizer, the cultivation steps such as suitable planting density are comprehensively cultivated, and comprise nursery, field planting, cultivation management and extermination of disease and insect pest operation, and the output of strawberry can be made greatly to improve, quality be improved significantly, be suitable for the various kinds of strawberry.
Claims (1)
1. the method for powdery mildew prevented and treated by the disease-resistant protectant of strawberry, it is characterized in that: strawberry is disease-resistant protectantly consists of salicylic acid, solvent, surfactant, pH adjusting agent and water, the proportioning of each component is: the salicylic acid solution of 0.5 ~ 4.0mmol/L mixes according to volume ratio with the surfactant of 0.5 ~ 1%, the pH regulating solution by pH adjusting agent is 5.5 ~ 6.5, salicylic acid is pure for analyzing, generated through hydroxylating by benzoic acid or generated by side chain beta-oxidation by trans-cinnamic acid, solvent is neutral organic solvent, surfactant is Tween 80, pH adjusting agent is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, disease-resistant for strawberry protectant is replaced agricultural chemicals, by disease-resistant for strawberry protectant with 0.5% ~ 1% emulsion dilute 10 times at the non-premorbid of strawberry, evenly spray in strawberry complete stool blade for the first time, contrast water, sprays once for later 5 ~ 8 days again,
Also include following steps:
(1) nursery: August or the first tenday period of a month in September start to heel in seedling, after seedling survives, how long and filter out sturdy seedling and transplant new root has 1 cun;
(2) in mid-September or early October, degree/day is for three days on end more than 20 DEG C, and transplant field on the ground, transplanted for 6 thousand to 7 ten thousand strain strong sprouts for every mu, the spacing in the rows in described strong sprout is 13-15 centimetre, and every day sprinkled water once to described strong sprout in 8 a.m., 12 noon and at 4 in afternoon;
(3) seedling grows two leaves and wholeheartedly sets about peelling off Lao Ye after surviving;
(4) first time topdresses, and then uses strawberry preserve agent according to the disease-resistant protectant application process of described strawberry;
(5) until seedling grow two leaves wholeheartedly after again set about peelling off Lao Ye, five times repeatedly;
(6) strawberry is after the flowers are in blossom, in booth, put into honeybee.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101703075A (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2010-05-12 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Botanical plant-protecting agent and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101703075A (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2010-05-12 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Botanical plant-protecting agent and preparation method thereof |
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| Title |
|---|
| 水杨酸对草莓炭疽病响应基因FaNBS20表达的影响;张庆雨等;《园艺学报》;20140116;第41卷(第1期);第53-62页 * |
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