CN103875661B - 一种团花绢螟性引诱剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种团花绢螟性引诱剂,其特征在于,该团花绢螟性引诱剂活性成分是由反-11-十六碳烯醛和反,反-10,12-十六碳烯醛组成,可将本发明的团花绢螟性引诱剂制成诱芯,单个诱芯所含有效成分为50-1000μg,将诱芯放入粘虫诱捕器中,可用于监测团花绢螟的田间发生动态,预测其危害程度,指导其它防治措施适时进行,并同时诱杀雄性团花绢螟,具有显著的生态效益和社会效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种团花绢螟性引诱剂。
背景技术
团花树Anthocephaluschinensis,又名黄梁木,常绿大乔木,生长十分迅速,其树干通直,叶片大而光亮,树姿挺拔秀丽,被专家公认为“奇迹树”,是良好的绿化树种之一。
团花绢螟DiaphaniaglauculalisGuenée,分布于广东,福建,云南等省份,该虫主要以幼虫危害叶片,幼虫取食表皮和叶肉组织,仅留叶脉,呈网状,形成半透明白色薄膜,经日照整片叶子呈焦灼状,危害严重时造成叶片大面积凋谢,严重影响团花树生长,是团花树最重要的害虫之一。
昆虫性信息素在害虫监测和防治中具有很大的应用潜力,越来越受到人们重视,目前有关团花绢螟的研究主要涉及生物学特性及危害规律等方面,没有关于其性信息素的研究报道。
为此,开展鉴定团花绢螟性信息素的研究,应用于该虫的无公害防治及预测预报,开发出新的防治技术,具有显著的生态、经济和社会效益。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种团花绢螟性信息素组合物,应用于该虫的测报和无害化防治。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为:一种团花绢螟性信息素组合物,其特征在于所述团花绢螟性信息素组合物是以反-11-十六碳烯醛和反,反-10,12-十六碳烯醛组成,其质量比范围10-2000μg∶10-2000μg。
将上述性信息素组合物用于制备成诱芯,即性信息素组合物溶解到有机溶剂中得到性信息素溶液,加入到释放载体中即得诱芯,单个诱芯所含有效成分为50-1000μg,所述溶液的溶剂为重蒸正己烷。
本发明的优点在于:首次发现并鉴定了团花绢螟性信息素,并得到优化的组合物配比:反-11-十六碳烯醛和反,反-10,12-十六碳烯醛按质量比10-2000μg:10-2000μg混合组成,运用该性信息素组合物能有效诱杀大量的团花绢螟雄蛾,应用于团花绢螟种群监测和防治,对团花绢螟的诱杀与测报具有重要的作用与意义。
本发明团花绢螟性引诱剂不论是用米作虫情预测测报,还是用诱捕法或干扰交配法直接防治团花绢螟,均有利于保护天敌,提高防治团花绢螟的效果,减少化学农药的用量,减轻污染,保护环境,具有显著的生态效益和社会效益。
附图说明
图1为提取物和标准化合物的总离子流图;
图2为提取物的气相色谱-触角电位分析图;
图3为提取物和标准化合物的质谱碎片图对比;
图4为性引诱剂的室内电生理学试验;
图5为性引诱剂的室内行为学试验。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
1、提取性信息素
取团花绢螟处女雌蛾,暗期处理约50分钟左右,观察雌蛾处于召唤状态时,切取雌蛾腺体。取处女雌蛾于冰箱冷冻3分钟,用眼科手术剪剪取腺体,后用昆虫针将性信息素腺体放入2ml色谱进样瓶(Agilent公司)中,使腺体完全浸泡在溶剂中,浸泡液在室温下静置60分钟,后用一次性注射器吸取浸泡液,通过有机过滤头过滤后,移于另一洁净色谱进样瓶中,氮吹仪浓缩,进气相-色谱联用仪进样分析。
2、性信息素鉴定
气相色谱-质谱联用分析条件:团花绢螟处女雌蛾性信息素腺体提取物鉴定在7890A-5975CGC-MS(Agilent公司)上进行,色谱柱为DB-5(30m×250μm×0.25μm),无分流进样,进样量1μl,升温程序:起始温度50℃,保持2分钟,升温每分钟10℃,上升到270℃,保持10分钟,全扫描采集,通过与标准化合物的保留时间和质谱图作对比,确定待测成分。
3、提取物气相色谱-触角电位分析
取团花绢螟雄成虫,用眼科手术剪将其触角剪下,并用刀片切除触角端部约0.5mm,然后用导电胶将触角连接在金属电极上,并将金属电极插入EAG探头中。分析样品的色谱柱为DB-5(30m×250μm×0.25μm),出口端接Y型分流器(5181-3397,Agilent),这样气相色谱柱分离的气体成分被分为均匀的两部分,一部分进入FID氢火焰离子检测器,另一部分与清洁气体混合进入触角(EAD),记录的信号经刺激放大器(CS-55)连接到直流交流放大器(IDAC-2),再连接到计算机经GC-EAD软件同步记录,确定待测成分。
Agilent7820A气相色谱检测器为FID氢火焰离子检测器,载气为He,不分流进样,进样量为1μl,升温程序:起始温度50℃,保持2分钟,升温每分钟10℃,上升到270℃,保持10分钟。
4、室内电生理学试验
不同比例构成的性信息素溶液在室内进行触角电位试验,化合物反,反-10,12-十六碳烯醛和反-11-十六碳烯醛按9∶1,8∶2,7∶3,6∶4,5∶5比例配置,对照组为重蒸正己烷,不含性信息素组分。
5、制作诱芯
采用有机硅胶诱芯,每个诱芯加入10μl配好的反-11-十六碳烯醛、反,反-10,12-十六碳烯醛混合溶液和两者中的一种,溶剂为重蒸正己烷。
6、室内行为学试验
将触角电位筛选出来的最佳比例的组分,与性信息素单体对照进行行为学试验(四臂嗅觉仪),对照组为空白硅胶诱芯,只滴加重蒸正己烷,不含性信息素组分。
结果和分析
1、性信息素的化学结构鉴定
团花绢螟腺体提取物和标准化合物的气相-色谱联用分析(图1),提取物和标准化合物的质谱碎片图对比(图2),结果表明团花绢螟的性信息素组分为反-11-十六碳烯醛和反,反-10,12-十六碳烯醛。
2、性信息素的活性组分筛选
团花绢螟腺体提取物对雄虫触角的气相色谱-触角电位分析,筛选出引起触角反应的2个化合物(图3),2个化合物的相对出峰时间和气相色谱保持一致,进一步表明团花绢螟的性信息素组分为反-11-十六碳烯醛和反,反-10,12-十六碳烯醛。
3、人工合成性信息素的触角电位试验
触角电位试验表明:性信息素组分的不同比例对团花绢螟的反应存在差异,不同比例组分均能引起雄虫触角的反应,活性组分显著高于对照组,但活性组分5:5可以引起显著的反应,6:4次之(图4)。
4、人工合成性信息素的行为学试验
室内行为学试验表明:二者混合组分(5:5)有显著的引诱活性,明显强于单体的引诱活性(图5),空白对对照组无引诱活性。
结论
截止目前,国内外并没有报道团花绢螟的性信息素,本发明首次发现并报道了团花绢螟的性信息素组分。
Claims (3)
1.一种团花绢螟性引诱剂,其特征在于:反-11-十六碳烯醛和反,反-10,12-十六碳烯醛的质量比例为5∶5。
2.根据权利要求1所述的团花绢螟性引诱剂,其特征在于:将性引诱剂制成有机硅胶诱芯,单个诱芯所含有效成分为50-1000μg,溶解性引诱剂的溶剂为重蒸正己烷。
3.根据权利要求2所述的团花绢螟性引诱剂,其特征在于:使用剂量为50-1000μg/10μl的反-11-十六碳烯醛和反,反-10,12-十六碳烯醛的性引诱剂。
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