CN103874159A - Wireless sensor network - Google Patents
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- CN103874159A CN103874159A CN201410117912.7A CN201410117912A CN103874159A CN 103874159 A CN103874159 A CN 103874159A CN 201410117912 A CN201410117912 A CN 201410117912A CN 103874159 A CN103874159 A CN 103874159A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless sensor network. A clustering topological structure is adopted, cluster head nodes are communicated in a point-to-point mode, the star topology is adopted inside clusters, and the cluster head nodes can obtain addresses of the nodes in the mode that a random address is generated and broadcast so as to determine the uniqueness of the address; in order to avoid collision of data packets, a CSMA/CA mechanism can be adopted, and the random back-off time is generated according to node address frame addition serial numbers; routing generation can be improved on the basis of the OSPF protocol, and the path metric is obtained in the mode that comprehensive calculation is carried out according to the bit error rate of each hop; the cluster head nodes can periodically broadcast hello packets to detect changes of the network topology and conduct corresponding processing in time according to the changes. The wireless sensor network is stable, expandable and low in power consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technology of Internet of things, particularly a kind of wireless sensor network.
Background technology
Along with the development of Industry Control and sensing technology, the application of various transducers and wireless control switch becomes more and more general.In the applied environment of intelligent building and Smart Home, need a large amount of transducers to gather temperature, humidity, state and the switch control information in each corner of building, also need the information of these transducer collections and user's various command to send to corresponding receiving terminal simultaneously.For fear of in indoor too much wiring, the information that these transducers gather all need to send with wireless form, to save building cost, alleviates the workload of finishing, and improves the degree of freedom of room layout.
Along with the development of scientific and technological level and the quickening of social informatization, people's work, life and information, the relation of communication are day by day tight.Informationized society, in changing people life style and work habit, has also proposed challenge to traditional living space, and people are more and more higher to the requirement of domestic environment, to Household intelligent device also more and more favor.Early oneself resting space of a physics just of home room, safety, intelligence, convenience, comfortable home environment especially, in this environment, people's body and mind can be discharged.Given this, people wish to have one take house as platform, have both building, network service, information household appliances, equipment automatization, that collecting system, structure, service, management are integrated is efficient, comfortable, the living environment of safety, facility, environmental protection, and the concept of Smart Home is also arisen at the historic moment.
Wireless sensor network is the network that the small node that is integrated with transducer, data processing unit and communication module of random distribution consists of the mode of self-organizing, by means of the heat in various informative sensor measurement place surrounding enviroment built-in in node, infrared, sonar, radar and seismic signal, comprise numerous our the interested material phenomenons of size, speed and the direction etc. of temperature, humidity, noise, luminous intensity, pressure, soil constituent, mobile object thereby survey.On communication mode, can adopt the various ways such as wired, wireless, infrared and light, but it is generally acknowledged that the most applicable sensor network of short-range wireless, low-power communication technology uses, and for clarity, is generally called wireless sensor network.
Wireless sensor networking technology is applied to intelligent domestic system, can reduces in Smart Home transducer and equipment and install the complexity of configuration, how installation personnel can very simple just association installs the various device of configuration Smart Home.User is in using intelligent domestic system, if equipment breaks down or somewhere testing environment changes, this group network system all can be found and be notified, and can reduce like this user's workload, strengthens user and experiences.If user need to increase new equipment in the wireless sensor network system of Smart Home, can be simply at the position starting device of wanting to install, such operation has very easy characteristic.
, all need to avoid by CSMA/CA(Carrier Sense Multiple Access/collision sending when packet at node) process after, just can send.CSMA/CA originates from the contention type agreement that the ALOHA network of Hawaii, America university exploitation adopts, and improves, and makes it to have the Utilizing Rate higher than ALOHA agreement.
CSMA/CA is a kind of distributed medium access-control protocol, the send and receive of determination data frame independently of each node in net.Each node, before sending Frame, first will carry out carrier sense, while only having medium idle, just allows to send frame.At this moment, if plural node listens to the medium free time and sends frame simultaneously, can produce conflict phenomenon, this makes the frame sending all become invalid frame, sends and counts out immediately.Whether each node must have the ability to detect at any time conflict and occur, once clash, should stop sending, in order to avoid bandwidth is wasted because transmitting invalid frame, and then after random delay a period of time, then contention medium again, retransmit and send frame.
CSMA/CA mainly comprises following main points: carrier sense---whether sending node, before sending information frame, must intercept media in idle condition; Multiple access---there are two kinds of implications, both represented multiple nodes access medium simultaneously, also represent that the information frame that a node sends can be received by multiple node.
In networking process, on the basis of traditional open shortest path agreement (Open Shortest Path First is called for short OSPF) agreement, improve.OSPF is an Interior Gateway Protocol (Interior Gateway Protocol, be called for short IGP), in the interior decision-making route of single autonomous system (Autonomous System is called for short AS).
OSPF can not only calculate two shortest paths between network node, and can calculate communication cost.Can come equalization charges and performance according to the network user's requirement, to select corresponding route.In an autonomous system, can mark off several regions, shortest path is calculated according to the topological structure of oneself in each region, and this has reduced the workload of OSPF route implementing; OSPF belongs to dynamic self-adapted protocol, changes and can promptly make a response for topology of networks, adjusts accordingly, and the short convergence phase is provided, and makes routing table stabilisation as early as possible.Each router is safeguarded identical, a complete total network links slip condition database, this database is very huge, while seeking footpath, this router, take oneself as root, is constructed shortest path tree, and then according to shortest path structure routing table, router exchanges each other, and preserve the link information of whole network, thus the topological structure of the whole network grasped, and the independent route of calculating.
OSPF has defined 5 kinds of grouping: Hello groupings and has been connected for setting up with safeguarding; The network topology database of database description grouping initialization router; After certain partial information in discovery database had lost efficacy, router sends Link State request grouping, and request neighbor node provides lastest imformation; Router initiatively broadcasts the LSD of oneself with link state update packet or Link State request grouping is responded; Agreement itself will provide affirmation mechanism, and Link State acknowledgment packet is that link state update packet is confirmed.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of wireless sensor network, low in energy consumption, reliable and stable.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, wireless sensor network provided by the invention, it is the topological structure of sub-clustering, node is divided into two kinds of cluster head node, leaf nodes, every cluster is made up of a cluster head node, one or more leaf node, in bunch, adopt the star topology centered by cluster head node, between cluster head node, adopt point-to-point topology to connect.
Preferably, cluster head node is global function node, and leaf node is global function node or weak functional node;
Global function node is the network node that adopts power transmission line power supply;
Weak functional node is the network node that adopts solar energy or self power generation mode to power.
Preferably, described cluster head node, the random generation network address is also loaded into address claim data packet broadcast to whole network, if have the response of receiving address conflict packet within the setting response time, redistribute the network address, otherwise cluster head node is just with this random Hui Weiqi network address, the network address producing;
Described cluster head node, if the network address in the address claim data bag receiving with and oneself network address collision, just produce an address conflict packet and be broadcast to whole network.
Preferably, described cluster head node, the address claim data packet broadcast jumping figure of transmission is less than set point.
Preferably, whether between cluster head node, and it is idle and send message between node in single bunch, all to adopt CSMA/CA mode to detect channel;
In the time of CSMA/CA, node is sent out the number of frames of packet random back time before based on node address and packet and is calculated.
Preferably, the circular that node is sent out the random back time before packet is, input using the number of frames of node address and packet as M sequencer, the bit that equals node address from the sequence number of output, get 6 back off time unit numbers that comprise as the random back time.
Preferably, the upper layer network being made up of cluster head node is to generate routing table based on ospf protocol, cluster head node is periodically broadcasted hello bag, and neighbours' cluster head node of this cluster head node all can produce one and reply bag after receiving hello bag, to state existing of this cluster head node; One cluster head node, after finding that its neighbours' cluster head node changes, produces corresponding packet and is broadcast among whole network according to the situation of change of neighbours' cluster head node.
Preferably, the routing table between cluster head node adopts dijkstra algorithm to produce;
Cluster head node, the path that is the path metric value minimum take source node to destination node is optimal path; The path metric value in one path, is to decide according to the jumping figure in this path and RSSI, tries to achieve the error rate of each jumping in this path by RSSI, and the computational methods of the path metric value in the path that jumping figure is N are:
N is positive integer, and i is 1 to N integer, P
ifor the error rate that the i of this paths jumps, P
totelfor the path metric value in this path;
Node, when needs transmit packet, is determined the optimal path of destination node according to the routing table of oneself, by optimal path, data packet transmission is gone out, and completes the multi-hop transmission of packet by the mode of relay.
Wireless sensor network of the present invention, employing be the topological structure of sub-clustering, what between cluster head node and cluster head node, adopt is point-to-point communication mode, and bunch in be adopt Star topology; Its cluster head node can obtain the address of oneself to confirm this mode of uniqueness of address by producing a random address broadcast; For avoiding the collision of packet, can adopt the mechanism of CSMA/CA, and add number of frames according to node address and produce the random back time; The generation of route can improve on the basis of ospf protocol, and the mode that wherein path metric employing carrys out COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING according to the error rate of each jumping obtains; Between cluster head node, can wrap the variation of detection network topology and make in time respective handling according to this variation by periodic broadcast hello, wireless sensor network of the present invention, is a kind of stable and can expand and wireless sensor network low in energy consumption.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in technical scheme of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing that will use required for the present invention is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is wireless sensor network one embodiment topological structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that wireless sensor network one embodiment cluster head node of the present invention obtains the random network address schematic diagram that produces;
Fig. 3 is that wireless sensor network one embodiment node of the present invention obtains random back time diagram;
Fig. 4 is that wireless sensor network one embodiment cluster head node of the present invention generates routing table schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is wireless sensor network one embodiment packet relay transmission schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is wireless sensor network one embodiment optimal route selection schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the present invention is carried out to clear, complete description, obviously, described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, all other embodiment that those of ordinary skills obtain under the prerequisite of not making creative work, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment mono-
Wireless sensor network, it is the topological structure of sub-clustering, node is divided into two kinds of cluster head node, leaf nodes, every cluster is made up of a cluster head node, one or more leaf node, in bunch, adopt the star topology centered by cluster head node, between cluster head node, adopt point-to-point topology to connect.
As shown in Figure 1, comprise four bunches among wireless sensor network, the topological structure of entirety is divided into two-layer: four cluster head node 1,9,15,21 composition upper layer networks; The child node composition lower floor network of each bunch.Between each cluster head node 1,9,15,21 nodes, just form a point-to-point topological structure, between them, can communicate by letter mutually.The cluster head node 1 of cluster and leaf node 2, 3, 4, 5 composition be a star topology, four leaf nodes 2 in this bunch, 3, 4, between 5, can not communicate by letter mutually, only can communicate by letter mutually with the cluster head node 1 of this bunch, simultaneously due to these four leaf nodes 2, 3, 4, the 5th, control in this cluster head node 1 bunch in, so these four leaf nodes can only be communicated by letter with this cluster head node 1, and can not with other cluster head node switching information, the data of all leaf nodes are delivered to another bunch from one bunch and must just can complete through the relaying of cluster head node.
Preferably, cluster head node is global function node, and leaf node is global function node or weak functional node; Global function node is the network node that adopts power transmission line power supply, energy abundance; Weak functional node is the network node that adopts solar energy or self power generation mode to power.
The wireless sensor network of embodiment mono-, entirety networking adopts hierarchical topology structure, it is a kind of topological structure of sub-clustering, can not direct communication between leaf node, they only with this bunch in cluster head node switching information, and direct communication mutually between cluster head node, the organic assembling of this two-tier network can complete the stable accurately transmission of the data that transducer collects.The wireless sensor network of embodiment mono-, the leaf node of lower floor has formed multiple star topologies centered by the cluster head node on each upper strata, cluster head node can all adopt global function node, leaf node can adopt global function node or weak functional node, can make full use of like this advantage of the cluster head node power transmission line power supply on upper strata, the energy consumption that can greatly reduce the leaf node of lower floor simultaneously, extends its life cycle.
Embodiment bis-
Based on the wireless sensor network of embodiment mono-, described cluster head node, the random generation network address is also loaded into address claim data packet broadcast to whole network, if have the response of receiving address conflict packet within the setting response time, redistribute the network address, otherwise cluster head node is just with this random Hui Weiqi network address, the network address producing;
Described cluster head node, if the network address in the address claim data bag receiving with and oneself network address collision, just produce an address conflict packet and be broadcast to whole network.
Preferably, the address statement packet broadcast jumping figure that described cluster head node sends is less than set point.In this link of broadcast address statement bag, owing to there being the possibility of network storm, can be by taking the measure of the longest broadcast jumping figure of restriction, prevent that in broadcasting process, the transmission of packet between several nodes forms a closed loop, thereby cause network storm.
The wireless sensor network of embodiment mono-, due to cluster head node composition be point-to-point network, so on their upper stratas not a main controlled node come to distribute address for them.In order to make each cluster head node obtain a unique address of the whole network, what the wireless sensor network of embodiment bis-adopted is the mechanism that produces at random address broadcast.As shown in Figure 2, one cluster head node 1 is after adding network, produce a random address 23, this cluster head node 1 produces a packet and broadcasts away and wait for a setting response time according to this random address, another cluster head node 4 is found this cluster head node 1 and the network address collision of oneself, will produce an address conflict packet, be broadcast in network, this cluster head node 1 finds that within the setting response time conflict has occurred for another cluster head node 4 and the address of oneself, just regenerates a random address 21; If within the setting response time, this cluster head node 1 does not receive address conflict packet, mean that this random address does not clash, this cluster head node 1 will use this random address so, otherwise this cluster head node 1 still can continue to produce random address and be broadcast to whole network.
Embodiment tri-
Based on the wireless sensor network of embodiment bis-, between cluster head node, whether and it is idle and send message between the node of single bunch, all to adopt CSMA/CA (carrier sense multichannel detect/conflict avoid) mode to detect channel, in the time of CSMA/CA, node is sent out the number of frames of packet random back time before based on node address and packet and is calculated.
Preferably, the circular that node is sent out the random back time before packet is, input using the number of frames of node address and packet as M sequencer, the bit that equals node address from the sequence number of output, get 6 back off time unit numbers that comprise as the random back time.
As shown in Figure 3, a node 2 is about to send a packet, and before sending, this node 2 can be waited for a random back time t
waitthe address of this node 2 is 14, be shown 01110 with binary form, this node 2 is about to the packet sending, its number of frames is 7,111, these two values are stitched together as the input of 8 M sequencers, among M sequencer, input 01110111, wait for the output of M sequencer.In the time that M sequencer outputs to the 14th value, output valve is preserved, at this moment M sequencer output be 1, ensuing 5 output valves are preserved together, the value obtaining is 10010,18.The back off time unit of CSMA/CA is made as to t
unit, can obtain so random back time t
wait=t
unit* 18.This node 2 need to kept out of the way t
waitafterwards could supervisory channel whether idle, and whether determine whether sending packet according to channel idle.
The wireless sensor network of embodiment tri-, node adopts CSMA/CA mechanism to send packet, send in the process of packet at node, in order to reduce the collision of packet, back off time when every minor node sends packet is random, the generating mode of its random back time is relevant to the number of frames of node address and packet, because the uniqueness of node address and data packet frame sequence number, can promote to the full extent the randomness of back off time, can reduce significantly the probability that node bumps in the time sending packet, thereby improve the accuracy of Packet Generation, greatly reduce Packet Error Ratio with less Resources Consumption.
Embodiment tetra-
Based on the wireless sensor network of embodiment tri-, the upper layer network being made up of cluster head node is based on OSPF (Open Shortest Path First, open shortest path) protocol generation routing table, cluster head node is periodically broadcasted hello bag (hellopacket), neighbours' cluster head node of this cluster head node all can produce one and reply bag after receiving hello bag, to state existing of this cluster head node; One cluster head node, after finding that its neighbours' cluster head node changes, produces corresponding packet and is broadcast among whole network according to the situation of change of neighbours' cluster head node.
As shown in Figure 4, hello of cluster head node 1 periodic broadcast wraps him around, around him, there is cluster head node 2,3,4,5, these cluster head nodes around can be to a reply after receiving hello bag, is used for to cluster head node 1 this cluster head of statement node also around cluster head node 1.At the first moment t
1 cluster head node 3 had lost efficacy, the hello that cluster head node 3 just can not send to cluster head node 1 so wraps with any reply, cluster head node 1, after finding not receive the packet that comes from cluster head node 3, will think that it is lost, and cluster head node 1 produces packet the broadcast of respective type.At the second moment t
2there is a new cluster head node 7 to join cluster head node 1 around, cluster head node 1 can additionally be received the reply that comes from cluster head node 7 after sending hello bag, cluster head node 1 will think that cluster head node 7 has been increased among network so, and it can produce a corresponding packet and be broadcast among whole network.Adopt Hello mechanism, cluster head node just can maintain the relation of itself and neighbours' cluster head node, and the variation that detects network topology is to process accordingly.
The wireless sensor network of embodiment tetra-, adopts follow-on OSPF(ospf between cluster head node) agreement produces routing table, keeps contacting between neighbours' cluster head node.When certain neighbours' cluster head node failure of a cluster head node or when having new neighbours' cluster head node to add, this cluster head node just can be found the loss of this neighbours' cluster head node or adding of new neighbours' cluster head node by the mechanism of hello, and produce corresponding packet and be broadcast among whole network according to the situation of change of cluster head node, the cluster head node of whole like this network will be made corresponding processing according to new cluster head node topology structure, to guarantee synchronous between each cluster head node, guarantee reliability and the extensibility of network.The wireless sensor network of embodiment tetra-, utilize periodic hello flow process, whole network has completed from part the synchronous of overall topology information, adjust the transmission cycle of hello bag and can control the sensitivity of network for change in topology reaction, because hello bag is smaller, so do not need to take very large networking resource for the monitoring of network topology change, compared to other method, this is the strategy that a kind of cost is very little.After discovering network topology changes, cluster head node only need to be broadcasted the specifying information of this variation, and do not need to broadcast the now topological state of the whole network, the length of packet can be very not long like this, be conducive to avoid packet in network to bump, can effectively reduce the probability that network gets congestion, guarantee the stable operation of wireless sensor network.
Embodiment five
Based on the wireless sensor network of embodiment tetra-, routing table between cluster head node adopts dijkstra(Di Jiesitela) algorithm produces;
Cluster head node, the path that is the path metric value minimum take source node to destination node is optimal path;
The path metric value in one path is according to the jumping figure in this path and RSSI(received signal strength indicator) decide, try to achieve the error rate of each jumping in this path by RSSI, the computational methods of the path metric value in the path that jumping figure is N are:
N is positive integer, and i is 1 to N integer, P
ifor the error rate that the i of this paths jumps, P
totelfor the path metric value in this path;
Node, when needs transmit packet, is determined the optimal path of destination node according to the routing table of oneself, by optimal path, data packet transmission is gone out, and completes the multi-hop transmission of packet by the mode of relay.
The upper layer network being made up of cluster head node is to generate routing table based on ospf protocol, node is when needs transmit packet, can find according to the routing table of oneself optimal path of destination node, data packet transmission is gone out, complete the multi-hop transmission of packet by the mode of relay, for completing the multi-hop transmission of node data bag.Because existing within one bunch, packet is transferred to the situation that another bunch need to transmit through the relay of middle cluster head node, as shown in Figure 5, the data of leaf node 3 will be transferred to cluster head node 17, the cluster head node of intermediate demand process is 1,6,9, and data have been passed through 4 jumpings and just arrived node 17.Arrive node 17 in order to allow the data of node 3 follow optimum path, need to have certain mechanism to produce this paths and can allow node on path know the existence of this paths.The wireless sensor network of embodiment tetra-adopts the method for follow-on ospf protocol to generate optimal path for this reason, in calculating optimal path, consider the value of jumping figure and the path metric in path, by obtaining the error rate of each jumping on path, try to achieve according to the correlation theory of probability that paths that total bit error rate is minimum and be optimal path.As shown in Figure 6, have two paths to be selected from node 1 to node 17, above a paths be made as path 1, the error rate of its each jumping is followed successively by 0.2,0.15,0.2; A paths is made as path 2 below, and the error rate of its each jumping is followed successively by 0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1.According to formula
can be in the hope of, the total bit error rate in path 1 is 0.456, the total bit error rate in path 2 is 0.3439.Although can find that the jumping figure in path 2 is 4, to have more one than the jumping figure in path 13, because the total bit error rate in path 2 will be lower than the total bit error rate in path 1, so optimal route selection is path 2, i.e. 1-4-6-9-17.
The wireless sensor network of embodiment tetra-, can realize the multi-hop transmission of packet between different bunches at a distance, can guarantee to obtain the minimum route of the error rate.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a wireless sensor network, it is characterized in that, it is the topological structure of sub-clustering, node is divided into two kinds of cluster head node, leaf nodes, every cluster is made up of a cluster head node, one or more leaf node, in bunch, adopt the star topology centered by cluster head node, between cluster head node, adopt point-to-point topology to connect.
2. wireless sensor network according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Cluster head node is global function node, and leaf node is global function node or weak functional node;
Global function node is the network node that adopts power transmission line power supply;
Weak functional node is the network node that adopts solar energy or self power generation mode to power.
3. wireless sensor network according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described cluster head node, the random generation network address is also loaded into address claim data packet broadcast to whole network, if have the response of receiving address conflict packet within the setting response time, redistribute the network address, otherwise cluster head node is just with this random Hui Weiqi network address, the network address producing;
Described cluster head node, if the network address in the address claim data bag receiving with and oneself network address collision, just produce an address conflict packet and be broadcast to whole network.
4. wireless sensor network according to claim 3, is characterized in that,
Described cluster head node, the address claim data packet broadcast jumping figure of transmission is less than set point.
5. wireless sensor network according to claim 4, is characterized in that,
Whether between cluster head node, and it is idle and send message between node in single bunch, all to adopt CSMA/CA mode to detect channel;
In the time of CSMA/CA, node is sent out the number of frames of packet random back time before based on node address and packet and is calculated.
6. wireless sensor network according to claim 5, is characterized in that,
The circular that node is sent out the random back time before packet is, input using the number of frames of node address and packet as M sequencer, the bit that equals node address from the sequence number of output, get 6 back off time unit numbers that comprise as the random back time.
7. wireless sensor network according to claim 6, is characterized in that,
The upper layer network being made up of cluster head node is to generate routing table based on ospf protocol, cluster head node is periodically broadcasted hello bag, neighbours' cluster head node of this cluster head node all can produce one and reply bag after receiving hello bag, to state existing of this cluster head node; One cluster head node, after finding that its neighbours' cluster head node changes, produces corresponding packet and is broadcast among whole network according to the situation of change of neighbours' cluster head node.
8. wireless sensor network according to claim 7, is characterized in that,
Routing table between cluster head node adopts dijkstra algorithm to produce;
Cluster head node, the path that is the path metric value minimum take source node to destination node is optimal path; The path metric value in one path, is to decide according to the jumping figure in this path and RSSI, tries to achieve the error rate of each jumping in this path by RSSI, and the computational methods of the path metric value in the path that jumping figure is N are:
N is positive integer, and i is 1 to N integer, P
ifor the error rate that the i of this paths jumps, P
totelfor the path metric value in this path;
Node, when needs transmit packet, is determined the optimal path of destination node according to the routing table of oneself, by optimal path, data packet transmission is gone out, and completes the multi-hop transmission of packet by the mode of relay.
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| WO2020244471A1 (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2020-12-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | Processing method and apparatus based on link error code |
| CN112637861A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-09 | 北京理工大学 | Networking protocol for efficiently reducing route collision |
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| US10616403B2 (en) | 2015-06-18 | 2020-04-07 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Voice quality assessment method and apparatus |
| CN107566268A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-09 | 南京中兴软件有限责任公司 | The acquisition methods and device in Ethernet path |
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| WO2020244471A1 (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2020-12-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | Processing method and apparatus based on link error code |
| US11863303B2 (en) | 2019-06-03 | 2024-01-02 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Link bit error-based processing method and apparatus |
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