CN103228020A - Mobile ad-hoc network routing system and method based on intelligent water drop - Google Patents
Mobile ad-hoc network routing system and method based on intelligent water drop Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mobile ad-hoc network routing system and method based on an intelligent water drop, wherein the intelligent water drop is introduced into a mobile ad-hoc network route so as to well process frequent changes of height dynamic features and network topology structure of a network. The mobile ad-hoc network routing system comprises a route list design module, a route discovery module, a loop elimination module and a route maintenance module (see Figure). The route list design module is responsible for designing the core data structure of a router, comprising a series of route information items, and moreover, each item generally comprises a destination node address, a next hop node address required to be transmitted and used for reaching the destination node and other link state information for assisting route selection. The route discovery module establishes an initial route list among source nodes, target nodes and all midway relay nodes of data transmission. The loop elimination module is responsible for eliminating loops. The route maintenance module is responsible for selecting the optimal transmission route.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the wireless sensor network field, especially intelligent water droplet has been referred in the routing issue of mobile ad hoc network.
Background technology
No matter traditional network is wired network or wireless network, and the infrastructure that all needs to lay in advance just can communicate, such as gateway or router.But under some special situations, can not provide the network infrastructure that sets up in advance, but still network service be had higher requirement, such as the battlefield communication environment, disaster relief environment or the like.At these special applied environments, the notion that people have proposed mobile ad hoc network satisfies the communication requirement under these conditions.Mobile ad hoc network has been inherited the feature of general meaning wireless network, and has the characteristics of a lot of self uniqueness.Need not cable between the node and can transmit data, and share same media; The casual network that mobile ad hoc network as required, dynamically is made up of radio node; Self-control and infrastructureless.Mobile ad hoc network does not rely on any network facilities that has existed, and need not unified management.Each node moves with distributed ad hoc mode, and each node produces data independently, and independently carries out route; Multi-hop route, mobile ad hoc network need not special router device, and each node all has routing function, and transmit the data from other nodes, can mutual data transmission thereby make in the network-wide basis between any two nodes; Mobility, each node can with other node communications in move.Mobile ad hoc network is made up of the node that constantly moves, and network topology has dynamic characteristic natively, has also just caused the communication environment between the node to continue to change.In sum, mobile ad hoc network has been broken away from the restriction of network infrastructure, makes that network can be created and add to radio node arbitrarily fast in a lot of application scenarioss.
But under the mobile ad hoc network environment, traditional Routing Protocol can not be obtained good effect mostly, needs to propose the new Routing Protocol at the mobile ad hoc network environment.The main purpose of mobile ad hoc network Routing Protocol is to set up route correctly, efficiently between two nodes, and the information that makes can reliably be transmitted between this is to node fast.The process of setting up of route should be the least possible the extra flow expense of introducing and to the consumption of bandwidth.Existingly design at the static network environment based on distance vector with based on the Routing Protocol of Link State, thereby be not suitable for tackling the fast-changing network topology structure of mobile ad hoc network, then cause performance decrease, comprise that routing convergence speed is slow, communication throughput is low, may produce network loop behind some node failure.New Routing Protocol needs specially for the mobile ad hoc network environment designs, and adapting to its ambulant needs, and reduces the consumption of bandwidth and energy as far as possible.
Suppose that intelligent water droplet flows, and flows to certain terminal point from starting point in the middle of certain environment.And in this environment, may more than one from path that starting point is reached home.Here said environment also needs the problem that solves in the middle of the i.e. practice, can be divided into two classes.The situation that first terminal point is known.In this case, the solution of problem need be found the optimal path of reaching home from starting point according to certain standard (normally distance).In the another kind of problem, the position of terminal point is ignorant in advance.In this class problem, deal with problems and to find the position of terminal point optimum exactly according to the condition that defines in the middle of cost or the other problems.
Current are continuous flow in natural actual environment.And in abstract intelligent water droplet environment, water droplet is according to discrete step motion.Water droplet moves to next position j from current location i, and the increment definition of its velocity amplitude is Δ velocity (IWD).Described according to preamble, this speed increment be with from position i to path the j of position on the earth amount relevant.Particularly, and the earth amount soil that the increment Delta velocity of intelligent water droplet speed (IWD) is non-linear on being inversely proportional to from position i to path the j of position (i, j).
Here use symbol ∝
NLRepresent non-linear proportional relation.Provide a kind of possible expression formula below, wherein the speed of intelligent water droplet Δ vel
LWDRepresent that (t) it is earth amount soil (i, j) the function of position i on path between the j of position.
Formula (2)
The a here
v, b
v, c
vWith α all be the user select greater than 0 parameter.
In addition, owing to moved part earth in the middle of the path of link position i and position j, the earth amount soil (IWD) that carries in the intelligent water droplet also increases accordingly.The earth amount that increases in earth amount that reduces in the middle of the path and the intelligent water droplet equates.
Δ soil (IWD)=Δ soil (i, j) formula (3)
Be inversely proportional to water droplet moves to the required cost of the next position j from current location i time time (i, j and the increment of earth is non-linear; IWD).
A kind of possible analytical expression provides below.Time (i, j wherein; Vel
IWD) be that intelligent water droplet is with speed v el
IWDMove to the time that position j needs from position i.The increment of the entrained earth of intelligent in this course water droplet is:
Here a
s, b
s, c
sWith θ all be parameter greater than 0, define voluntarily by the user.
The intelligence water droplet moves to the time that position j moves by position i and can be calculated by the uniform rectilinear motion model in the physics.Therefore, the traveling time of intelligent water droplet is proportional to position i to the distance between the j of position, is inversely proportional to the translational speed of water droplet.
Wherein (i j) is the distance of position i between the j of position, ∝ to d
LThe relation of representing linear direct ratio.Provide a kind of possible Analytical Expression form below, can calculate intelligent water droplet from position i with vel
IWDMove to the needed time of position j.
Here do not have direct use location i to position j (i j), and has been to use the more local heuristic function HUD (Heuristic Undesirability) of broad sense apart from d.(i j) has characterized intelligent water droplet refusal moves to position j from position i degree to HUD.And one of distance factor that to be water droplet refusal move, when position i was far away with position j distance, moving of water droplet was comparatively difficult; And when position i and position j close together, water droplet can move more easily, therefore in fact d (i j) is HUD (i, particularization situation j).The value of HUD can provide reference for the selection of the next position for intelligent water droplet, has represented the condition of optimizing foundation in the optimization problem of reality.
To the path of position j, taken away a certain amount of earth at position i by moving of intelligent water droplet.With soil (i, j) the remaining earth amount in the middle of the delegated path, the earth amount that loses in it and the path, promptly Δ soil (i j) is directly proportional:
Soil (i, j) ∝
LΔ soil (i, j) formula (8)
Earth amount in the middle of from position i to j path, position is upgraded by the earth amount of being taken away by intelligent water droplet, and a kind of possible analytical expression is:
Soil (i, j)=ρ
0Soil (i, j)-ρ
nΔ soil (i, j) formula (9)
ρ in this expression formula
0And ρ
nNormally the user select less than 1 positive number.Generally make ρ
0And ρ
nMeet the following conditions:
ρ
0=1-ρ
nFormula (10)
And the earth amount soil that carries in the intelligent water droplet
IWDUpgrade according to following relation:
Soil
IWD=soil
IWD+ Δ soil (IWD) formula (11)
Another behavioral mechanism of intelligence water droplet is when running into many feasible paths, can be more prone to select less path of earth amount rather than the more path of earth amount.For realizing the mechanism of this Path selection, introduced equally distributed Path selection probability here.For a plurality of the next positions that intelligent water droplet may be selected, each position is selected with certain probability.With p (i, j; IWD) the intelligent water droplet of representative is selected the probability of j as the next position when the i of position, and the central earth amount in it and path is inversely proportional to.
P (i, j; IWD) ∝
LSoil (i, j) formula (12)
Few more in position i earth amount on the path between the j of position, then j possible more quilt in position is selected as next step position of moving at the intelligent water droplet of position i.A kind of analytical expression of possible next step location probability of calculating is as follows:
Wherein f be with the path in the relevant function of earth amount:
Constant ε wherein
sBe very little positive number, be used for preventing that the denominator of function f from being 0.Function g is used for guaranteeing that the path earth amount with between position i and the position j is converted to positive number, and its expression formula is:
Wherein function m in is used for obtaining the minimum value of the path earth amount between current location and all possible next position.
For a certain specific optimization problem, need carry out modeling according to intelligent water droplet algorithm, problem itself is represented with the residing surrounding environment of intelligent water droplet, and the final convergence of a plurality of intelligent water droplet co-operation obtains optimum path, promptly is the needed optimal solution of optimization problem.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to utilize the method for intelligent water droplet, can handle the height dynamic characteristic of network and the variation that network topology structure often produces well in order to solve the mobile ad hoc network mobility.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Described mobile self-grouping network route system comprises the routing table design module, route discovery module, loop cancellation module, route maintenance module.Wherein, the routing table design module is responsible for designing the kernel data structure of router, a series of routing iinformation clauses and subclauses have been comprised, each clauses and subclauses generally include destination node the address, to arrive destination node and the next-hop node address of need transmitting, and the auxiliary link-state information of carrying out Route Selection of other.Route discovery module is to make up initial routing table in the middle of source node, destination node and all via nodes midway in transfer of data.The loop cancellation module is responsible for the existence of cancellation loop.Route maintenance module is responsible for selecting optimum transmission path.
Core of the present invention is in route discovery module and route maintenance module.
In route discovery module, we introduce a kind of extra packet, be called finder bag, be used between source node, destination node and via node between the two, transmitting setting up initial routing iinformation, and in the routing table of each node, upgrade corresponding HUD value.Finder's bag is divided into two classes: forward direction finder bag and reverse finder's bag.In the middle of wrapping, the finder comprised source node and the destination node information that to set up route.When the finder wraps current transmission direction is during to destination node, to be called forward direction finder bag from source node; Similarly, when the finder wrap current transmission direction be by destination node when source node transmits, be called reverse finder bag.To having set up a data path between the destination node, all set up or upgraded routing iinformation about source node and destination node by each network node on the path at source node for route finding process.In fact the routing iinformation that finally obtains of this process is two-way, has both comprised the routing iinformation from source node to the destination node direction, also comprises the routing iinformation from destination node to the source node direction.
In route maintenance module, we introduce a kind of extra packet, are called intelligent water droplet bag, are used for transmitting between network node and the path earth amount information of respective entries in the routing table of process node being upgraded.At first generate intelligent water droplet bag, its source node address is initialized as local address, the destination node address is initialized as the destination node address of link at source node.The value of the speed of water droplet and earth amount all is the static parameter that can select voluntarily, need be according to the size of network size, the different situations such as requirement of algorithm the convergence speed are carried out different selections, but should be consistent for these parameters in the intelligent water droplet bags different in the consolidated network.For parameter life cycle, need set according to the size of network size, when network size was big, life cycle also should be longer; When network size hour, the life cycle of water droplet is also shorter.After the static parameter in the intelligent water droplet bag is carried out initialization, this water droplet bag will constantly be forwarded to the destination node direction from source node.The node of receiving the water droplet bag at first reduces 1 with parameter life cycle of water droplet bag, if be reduced to 0 the life cycle of this moment, then the water droplet bag is abandoned by node.In the life cycle of intelligent water droplet bag scope, in its repeating process, the relevant parameter in the network node routing table of process is upgraded.
Description of drawings
For the present invention being understood easily and realizing that by describing with reference to the accompanying drawings, similar Reference numeral is meant same or intimate parts in all each views in the accompanying drawing now.These accompanying drawings and following detailed description are included in and form the part of specification together, with these embodiment of further signal and explain various principle and advantages, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a mobile ad hoc network route system module.
Fig. 2 is a route discovery module process schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is a network topological diagram.
Embodiment
Described mobile self-grouping network system comprises the routing table design module, route discovery module, loop cancellation module, route maintenance module.
In the routing table design module, utilize the node jumping figure to characterize two distances between the network node, if directly use the notion of the central HUD of traditional intelligence water droplet algorithm, because each network node all is 1 with the distance of neighbor node on every side, so the HUD value of all clauses and subclauses all will be 1 in the routing table of each network node, this has also just lost the meaning that local heuristic function exists.Therefore be defined as HUD the jumping figure distance between present node and the destination node here.If present node and destination node are adjacent and can directly carry out transfer of data, then the HUD value of respective entries is 1 in the routing table; If present node need could carry out transfer of data with destination node through another node, then the HUD value of respective entries is 2 in the present node routing table; By that analogy.On the other hand, because we have omitted radio signal strength when network modelling, the transmission packet loss, the network parameter that propagation delay time or the like is complicated, and only kept jumping figure between the network node apart from as the standard of weighing different path quality qualities, therefore the paths that have two or many arrival destination nodes when local node, and the HUD value in these paths (being jumping figure length) is not simultaneously, algorithm tends to select less path of HUD value rather than the bigger path of HUD value, also is that algorithm can guarantee to be preferred in the path of weak point with destination node jumping figure distance.
In route discovery module, to attempt to set up data at source node and be connected with destination node, when finding that still this locality the routing iinformation relevant with destination node, source node begins to carry out the process of route discovery.Source node generates finder's bag of forward direction, source node address wherein is initialized as the address of self, the destination node address is initialized as need set up data purpose of connecting node address, local address is recorded in the elapsed node address tabulation, and elapsed jumping figure is initialized as 1.Next source node is broadcasted away finder's bag to its neighbor node.And neighbor node receives that the finder can recursively make repeating process go on after wrapping, thereby makes the finder wrap in flood land forwarding in the whole network range.
Because it is that mode with inundation is transmitted that the finder wraps in the network,, for wrapping, the finder introduces the maximum notion of life cycle here in order to be unlikely in network, to produce broadcast storm.Be the jumping figure distance according to the network size definition maximum life cycle.When network size is bigger, when node was a lot, maximum life cycle was also bigger; If opposite network size is less, node seldom, also can be provided with lessly then maximum life cycle.Carried its elapsed jumping figure information in finder's bag, if this jumping figure information meets or exceeds maximum during life cycle, this finder wraps inefficacy.
After intermediate node receives that the finder wraps, at first compare the maximum life cycle with its elapsed jumping figure information and network definition, if the two equates or elapsed jumping figure during life cycle, abandons this finder's bag greater than maximum.If finder's bag did not lose efficacy, then carry out different operations with the relation of local address according to the difference and the destination node address of its type.
In the loop cancellation module, in the middle of wrapping with reverse finder, forward direction finder bag all comprised elapsed node listing, and this tabulation adopts the structure of storehouse to store.The finder wraps every through a network node, just this address of node is pressed in the node address tabulation storehouse, and other node addresss in the middle of the storehouse are searched for.If just stacked node address M occurred in storehouse, then with the whole pop-up a stack of the address element between the node M of twice appearance, and the address of the node M that once occurs before only keeping in the middle of the storehouse.There is not loop in the middle of the path that this aspect of just wrapping from the finder has guaranteed to write down.And the clauses and subclauses in the middle of each node route list by and only wrap in the route discovery stage and create by the finder, so the routing iinformation of record has also just been eliminated the existence of loop accordingly in the middle of the routing table of node.
In route maintenance module, we introduce a kind of extra packet in the route maintenance stage, are called intelligent water droplet bag, are used for transmitting between network node and the path earth amount information of respective entries in the routing table of process node being upgraded.At first generate intelligent water droplet bag, its source node address is initialized as local address, the destination node address is initialized as the destination node address of link at source node.The value of the speed of water droplet and earth amount all is the static parameter that can select voluntarily, need be according to the size of network size, the different situations such as requirement of algorithm the convergence speed are carried out different selections, but should be consistent for these parameters in the intelligent water droplet bags different in the consolidated network.For parameter life cycle, need set according to the size of network size, when network size was big, life cycle also should be longer; When network size hour, the life cycle of water droplet is also shorter.
After the static parameter in the intelligent water droplet bag is carried out initialization, this water droplet bag will constantly be forwarded to the destination node direction from source node.The node of receiving the water droplet bag at first reduces 1 with parameter life cycle of water droplet bag, if be reduced to 0 the life cycle of this moment, then the water droplet bag is abandoned by node.In the life cycle of intelligent water droplet bag scope, in its repeating process, the relevant parameter in the network node routing table of process is upgraded.When the water droplet bag is in node i, may exist mulitpath to arrive destination node, then will be according to the next-hop node j that selects the actual forwarding of water droplet bag with lower probability, next intelligent water droplet bag upgrades the velocity information of himself.At last intelligent water droplet bag is forwarded to node j from node i.Whole process is constantly carried out in the middle of network, thereby making on the data link relevant with destination node with current source node that the routing table of each node is all corresponding obtains renewal, and also can therefore benefit from other packets that current source node is sent to destination node, when transmitting, select more excellent path.
Claims (5)
1. mobile ad hoc network route system based on intelligent water droplet, route discovery module, loop cancellation module, route maintenance module.Wherein, the routing table design module is responsible for designing the kernel data structure of router, a series of routing iinformation clauses and subclauses have been comprised, each clauses and subclauses generally include destination node the address, to arrive destination node and the next-hop node address of need transmitting, and the auxiliary link-state information of carrying out Route Selection of other.Route discovery module is to make up initial routing table in the middle of source node, destination node and all via nodes midway in transfer of data.The loop cancellation module is responsible for the existence of cancellation loop.Route maintenance module is responsible for selecting optimum transmission path.
2. a kind of mobile ad hoc network route system as claimed in claim 1 based on intelligent water droplet, it is characterized in that: described routing table design module is responsible for designing the kernel data structure of router, a series of routing iinformation clauses and subclauses have been comprised, each clauses and subclauses generally include destination node the address, to arrive destination node and the next-hop node address of need transmitting, and the auxiliary link-state information of carrying out Route Selection of other.
3. a kind of mobile ad hoc network route system as claimed in claim 1 based on intelligent water droplet, it is characterized in that: described route discovery module is attempted to set up data with destination node at source node and is connected, but when finding that this locality the routing iinformation relevant with destination node, source node begins to carry out the process of route discovery.Source node generates finder's bag of forward direction, source node address wherein is initialized as the address of self, the destination node address is initialized as need set up data purpose of connecting node address, local address is recorded in the elapsed node address tabulation, and elapsed jumping figure is initialized as 1.Next source node is broadcasted away finder's bag to its neighbor node.And neighbor node receives that the finder can recursively make repeating process go on after wrapping, thereby makes the finder wrap in flood land forwarding in the whole network range.
4. a kind of mobile ad hoc network route system as claimed in claim 1 based on intelligent water droplet, it is characterized in that: described loop cancellation module, all comprised elapsed node listing in the middle of forward direction finder bag wraps with reverse finder, this tabulation adopts the structure of storehouse to store.The finder wraps every through a network node, just this address of node is pressed in the node address tabulation storehouse, and other node addresss in the middle of the storehouse are searched for.If just stacked node address M occurred in storehouse, then with the whole pop-up a stack of the address element between the node M of twice appearance, and the address of the node M that once occurs before only keeping in the middle of the storehouse.There is not loop in the middle of the path that this aspect of just wrapping from the finder has guaranteed to write down.And the clauses and subclauses in the middle of each node route list by and only wrap in the route discovery stage and create by the finder, so the routing iinformation of record has also just been eliminated the existence of loop accordingly in the middle of the routing table of node.
5. a kind of mobile ad hoc network route system as claimed in claim 1 based on intelligent water droplet, it is characterized in that: described route maintenance module, introduce a kind of extra packet, be called intelligent water droplet bag, be used between network node, transmitting and the path earth amount information of respective entries in the routing table of process node being upgraded.At first generate intelligent water droplet bag, its source node address is initialized as local address, the destination node address is initialized as the destination node address of link at source node.The value of the speed of water droplet and earth amount all is the static parameter that can select voluntarily, need be according to the size of network size, the different situations such as requirement of algorithm the convergence speed are carried out different selections, but should be consistent for these parameters in the intelligent water droplet bags different in the consolidated network.For parameter life cycle, need set according to the size of network size, when network size was big, life cycle also should be longer; When network size hour, the life cycle of water droplet is also shorter.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104243549A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-12-24 | 北京天公瑞丰科技有限公司 | Distribution automation communication method and device based on TG-Inwicos |
| CN104967546A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-10-07 | 重庆房慧科技有限公司 | High reliability dynamic ad hoc network construction method of multiple intelligent household devices |
| CN104967545A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-10-07 | 重庆房慧科技有限公司 | Dynamic ad hoc network construction method of multiple intelligent household devices |
| CN106374987A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2017-02-01 | 北京邮电大学 | Joint destination relay selection and antenna selection in full duplex relay network |
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- 2012-12-14 CN CN2012105437129A patent/CN103228020A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104243549A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-12-24 | 北京天公瑞丰科技有限公司 | Distribution automation communication method and device based on TG-Inwicos |
| CN104967546A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-10-07 | 重庆房慧科技有限公司 | High reliability dynamic ad hoc network construction method of multiple intelligent household devices |
| CN104967545A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-10-07 | 重庆房慧科技有限公司 | Dynamic ad hoc network construction method of multiple intelligent household devices |
| CN106374987A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2017-02-01 | 北京邮电大学 | Joint destination relay selection and antenna selection in full duplex relay network |
| CN106374987B (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2020-08-14 | 北京邮电大学 | Full-duplex relay combined target-relay-antenna selection method |
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