CN101610505A - Realization System of Next Generation All-IP Mobile Wireless Sensor Network Routing - Google Patents
Realization System of Next Generation All-IP Mobile Wireless Sensor Network Routing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了下一代全IP可移动无线传感器网络路由的实现系统,包括三类节点:网关节点、簇首节点及簇内节点,网关节点与簇首节点为全功能节点,它们的拓扑结构为树状结构,此树状结构构建成无线传感器网络的路由系统,簇内节点为部分功能节点,主要用于数据采集与数据处理,网关节点为固定节点,连接无线网络与IPv6网络。无线传感器网络由多个簇组成,每个簇包括一个簇首节点和多个簇内节点,簇内节点在簇首节点的一跳范围内,拓扑结构为星形,簇是下一代全IP无线传感器网络的移动单元,但簇内的簇首节点与簇内节点节点关系不发生变化。簇内节点直接将采集的数据发送至簇首节点,簇首节点通过所在的树状结构实现对数据的路由。
The present invention provides a next-generation all-IP mobile wireless sensor network routing implementation system, including three types of nodes: gateway nodes, cluster head nodes and intra-cluster nodes, gateway nodes and cluster head nodes are full-function nodes, and their topological structure is Tree structure, this tree structure is built into the routing system of the wireless sensor network, the nodes in the cluster are some functional nodes, mainly used for data collection and data processing, the gateway node is a fixed node, connecting the wireless network and the IPv6 network. The wireless sensor network is composed of multiple clusters, each cluster includes a cluster head node and multiple nodes in the cluster, the nodes in the cluster are within one hop of the cluster head node, the topology is star, and the cluster is the next generation of all-IP wireless The mobile unit of the sensor network, but the relationship between the cluster head node and the nodes in the cluster does not change. The nodes in the cluster directly send the collected data to the cluster head node, and the cluster head node realizes the routing of the data through the tree structure where it is located.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种网络路由的实现系统,尤其涉及的是一种下一代全IP可移动无线传感器网络(以下简称无线传感器网络)路由的实现系统,即与IPv6网络实现全IP通信互联的可移动无线传感器网络路由的实现系统。The present invention relates to a network routing implementation system, in particular to a next-generation all-IP mobile wireless sensor network (hereinafter referred to as wireless sensor network) routing implementation system, that is, a mobile network that realizes all-IP communication and interconnection with an IPv6 network. Implementation system of wireless sensor network routing.
背景技术 Background technique
随着下一代互联网(IPv6 Internet)的不断成熟和发展,无线传感器网络与下一代互联网实现全IP通信互联已成为未来发展的必然趋势。全IP互联方式具有以下优势:With the continuous maturity and development of the next-generation Internet (IPv6 Internet), the realization of all-IP communication interconnection between wireless sensor networks and the next-generation Internet has become an inevitable trend of future development. The all-IP interconnection method has the following advantages:
(1)IPv6是下一代互联网的协议标准,无线传感器网络采用IPv6协议实现与下一代互联网的全IP通信有助于推动无线传感器网络通信协议的标准化;(1) IPv6 is the protocol standard of the next-generation Internet, and the use of IPv6 protocol in wireless sensor networks to realize all-IP communication with the next-generation Internet will help promote the standardization of wireless sensor network communication protocols;
(2)IPv6的许多技术特点(如地址自动配置、移动性支持、安全性等)对大规模无线传感器网络的自组织管理提供了良好支持;(2) Many technical features of IPv6 (such as automatic address configuration, mobility support, security, etc.) provide good support for self-organizing management of large-scale wireless sensor networks;
(3)互联网的组网方式可以供无线传感器网络充分借鉴,使其成为无线传感器网络的一种合理拓展。(3) The networking mode of the Internet can be fully used for reference by wireless sensor networks, making it a reasonable expansion of wireless sensor networks.
但是目前实现无线传感器网络与下一代互联网的全IP通信互联关键技术还不成熟,主要表现在以下方面:However, the key technologies to realize the all-IP communication and interconnection of wireless sensor networks and the next generation Internet are not yet mature, mainly in the following aspects:
(1)地址自动配置:地址自动配置是IPv6的一个重要技术特色,可以在无人干预的情况下为每个接口配置相应的IPv6地址。这一点与无线传感器网络自组织、自配置的设计目标非常吻合。但是,现有的IPv6地址自动配置方式在无线传感器网络中还存在一些问题,例如有状态地址配置会带来大量的控制消息开销、根据MAC地址生成IPv6地址的无状态地址配置对传感器节点间的路由寻址未带来任何方便,因此针对下一代全IP无线传感器网络需要建立一种新的IPv6地址自动配置机制;(1) Address automatic configuration: Address automatic configuration is an important technical feature of IPv6, which can configure corresponding IPv6 addresses for each interface without human intervention. This is very consistent with the design goal of wireless sensor network self-organization and self-configuration. However, there are still some problems in the existing IPv6 address automatic configuration methods in wireless sensor networks, for example, stateful address configuration will bring a large amount of control message overhead, and the stateless address configuration of generating IPv6 addresses based on MAC addresses will affect the communication between sensor nodes. Routing addressing does not bring any convenience, so a new IPv6 address automatic configuration mechanism needs to be established for the next generation all-IP wireless sensor network;
(2)路由方案:无线传感器网络与IPv6网络不同,在IPv6网络中,路由器与普通节点之间有数据链路层连接,可以通过一跳到达,而无线传感器节点具有路由器与普通节点双重身份,节点之间没有数据链路层连接,因此在无线传感器网络中需要建立一种新的路由方式实现IPv6节点与传感器节点之间的通信。(2) Routing scheme: the wireless sensor network is different from the IPv6 network. In the IPv6 network, there is a data link layer connection between the router and the ordinary node, which can be reached by one hop, while the wireless sensor node has the dual identity of the router and the ordinary node. There is no data link layer connection between nodes, so a new routing method needs to be established in wireless sensor networks to realize communication between IPv6 nodes and sensor nodes.
(3)移动方案:针对可移动的无线传感器网络,由于它的IPv6地址会随着位置的变化而不断变化,这会中断正在进行的通信,因此需要引入一种新的通信机制以保证通信的连续性和稳定性。(3) Mobile solution: For mobile wireless sensor networks, since its IPv6 address will change with the location, this will interrupt the ongoing communication, so it is necessary to introduce a new communication mechanism to ensure communication. continuity and stability.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
发明目的:本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术的不足,提供一种下一代全IP可移动无线传感器网络的路由实现系统。Purpose of the invention: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a next-generation all-IP mobile wireless sensor network routing implementation system for the deficiencies of the prior art.
技术方案:本发明公开了一种下一代全IP可移动无线传感器网络的路由实现系统,所述系统中,无线传感器网络是与IPv6网络实现全IP通信互联的无线传感器网络,它作为下一代Internet的末端网络存在,无线传感器网络中的每个传感器节点拥有全球唯一的IPv6地址,。IPv6网络节点通过IPv6 Internet以及无线传感器节点的IPv6地址实现彼此的全IP通信互联,传感器节点可以随意移动,外部网络节点通过Internet以及传感器节点的IPv6地址与此传感器节点进行通信,并确保通信的正确性和连续性。Technical solution: The present invention discloses a next-generation all-IP mobile wireless sensor network routing implementation system. In the system, the wireless sensor network is a wireless sensor network that realizes all-IP communication and interconnection with the IPv6 network. It serves as the next-generation Internet The terminal network exists, and each sensor node in the wireless sensor network has a globally unique IPv6 address. The IPv6 network nodes realize the full IP communication interconnection with each other through the IPv6 Internet and the IPv6 addresses of the wireless sensor nodes. The sensor nodes can move freely, and the external network nodes communicate with the sensor nodes through the Internet and the IPv6 addresses of the sensor nodes, and ensure the correctness of the communication. sex and continuity.
从功能角度划分,该系统包含两类节点:具有路由转发功能的节点(称作全功能节点)与不具有路由转发功能的节点(称作部分功能节点);From the perspective of function, the system includes two types of nodes: nodes with routing and forwarding functions (called full-function nodes) and nodes without routing and forwarding functions (called partial function nodes);
从系统结构划分,该系统设置三类节点:网关节点、簇首节点及簇内节点;网关节点与簇首节点为全功能节点,它们的拓扑结构为树状结构,此树状结构构建成无线传感器网络的路由系统;簇内节点为部分功能节点,主要用于数据采集与数据处理;网关节点用于连接无线传感器网络与IPv6网络;In terms of system structure, the system sets three types of nodes: gateway node, cluster head node and intra-cluster node; gateway node and cluster head node are full-function nodes, and their topology is a tree structure. This tree structure is constructed into a wireless The routing system of the sensor network; the nodes in the cluster are some functional nodes, mainly used for data collection and data processing; the gateway node is used to connect the wireless sensor network and the IPv6 network;
无线传感器网络由多个簇组成,每个簇包括一个簇首节点和多个簇内节点,簇内节点在簇首节点的一跳范围内,拓扑结构为星形;The wireless sensor network is composed of multiple clusters, each cluster includes a cluster head node and multiple cluster nodes, the nodes in the cluster are within one hop of the cluster head node, and the topology is star-shaped;
该系统的网关节点为固定节点;The gateway node of the system is a fixed node;
该系统的移动单元为簇,即簇作为一个单元可以随意移动,且簇内的簇首节点与簇内节点的关系稳定,即其对应关系不发生变化。The mobile unit of the system is the cluster, that is, the cluster can move freely as a unit, and the relationship between the cluster head node and the nodes in the cluster is stable, that is, the corresponding relationship does not change.
本发明所述系统中,所述无线传感器网络通过n(n≥1)个网关节点实现与IPv6网络全IP通信互联;当n≥2时,网关节点之间通过IPv6网络进行多播通信。In the system of the present invention, the wireless sensor network realizes full IP communication interconnection with the IPv6 network through n (n≥1) gateway nodes; when n≥2, the gateway nodes perform multicast communication through the IPv6 network.
本发明所述系统中,整个无线传感器网络被n(n≥1)个网关节点划分为n(n≥1)个树状结构,每个树状结构中有且只有一个网关节点且网关节点为树状结构的根节点,每个网关节点具有一个ID,它唯一地标识网关节点与以此网关节点为根节点的树状结构。In the system of the present invention, the entire wireless sensor network is divided into n (n ≥ 1) tree structures by n (n ≥ 1) gateway nodes, each tree structure has and only has one gateway node and the gateway node is The root node of the tree structure, each gateway node has an ID, which uniquely identifies the gateway node and the tree structure with the gateway node as the root node.
本发明所述系统中,簇首节点通过加入距离(距离度量单位为跳数)自己最近的网关节点所在的树状结构实现IPv6地址自动配置,同时记录下所在树状结构的父节点。在获取IPv6地址之后,簇首节点与其一跳范围内的部分功能节点即簇内节点共同构建成一个簇。簇内节点直接将数据发送至簇首节点,簇首节点通过所在的树状结构实现对数据的路由。In the system of the present invention, the cluster head node realizes the automatic configuration of the IPv6 address by adding the tree structure where the gateway node with the closest distance (distance measurement unit is the number of hops) is located, and records the parent node of the tree structure at the same time. After obtaining the IPv6 address, the cluster head node and some functional nodes within one hop range, that is, the nodes in the cluster, construct a cluster together. The nodes in the cluster directly send the data to the cluster head node, and the cluster head node realizes the routing of the data through the tree structure where it is located.
本发明所述系统中,网关节点、簇首节点及簇内节点的IPv6地址由两个部分组成,第一部分是全局路由前缀,一个传感器网络中所有传感器节点的IPv6地址的全局路由前缀都相同;第二部分为传感器节点ID,又分为网关节点ID、簇首ID以及簇内节点ID三个组成部分,其中网关节点ID唯一地标识以此网关节点为根节点的树状结构,一个树状结构中所有簇首节点和簇内节点IPv6地址的网关节点ID都相同;簇首ID唯一地标识一个簇,一个簇中的所有簇内节点的簇首ID都相同;簇内节点ID唯一地标识一个簇内节点。网关节点与簇首节点IPv6地址的簇内节点ID为0。网关节点ID、簇首ID及簇内节点ID由传感器节点原始ID号组成,在一个无线传感器网络中,传感器节点的原始ID号具有唯一性。In the system of the present invention, the IPv6 address of the gateway node, the cluster head node and the node in the cluster is composed of two parts, the first part is a global routing prefix, and the global routing prefixes of the IPv6 addresses of all sensor nodes in a sensor network are all the same; The second part is the sensor node ID, which is divided into three parts: gateway node ID, cluster head ID and intra-cluster node ID. The gateway node ID uniquely identifies the tree structure with the gateway node as the root node. A tree structure The gateway node IDs of all cluster head nodes and nodes in the cluster IPv6 address are the same in the structure; the cluster head ID uniquely identifies a cluster, and the cluster head IDs of all cluster nodes in a cluster are the same; the cluster head ID uniquely identifies A cluster node. The cluster node ID of gateway node and cluster head node IPv6 address is 0. The gateway node ID, the cluster head ID and the node ID in the cluster are composed of the original ID numbers of the sensor nodes. In a wireless sensor network, the original ID numbers of the sensor nodes are unique.
本发明所述系统中,采用链路层进行路由,链路层地址设置为传感器节点IPv6地址的传感器节点ID。树状结构中的节点(包括网关节点与簇首节点)保存一个临时路由表,路由表项包括三个域,目的节点域、下一跳域和生存时间域。目的节点域记录目的节点的传感器节点ID,下一跳域记录到达目的节点的下一跳的传感器节点ID,生存时间域记录此临时路由表项的生存时间,此时间根据机器时钟自动衰减,当生存时间为0时,簇首节点将此表项从路由表中删除,生存时间的设定值根据传感器节点的存储空间及传感器节点的数量来确定。因为传感器节点数目庞大且资源有限,且簇的频繁移动会导致路由的频繁变化,因此该系统采用按需路由的策略,路由表项的生存时间只用于一次路由操作。In the system of the present invention, the link layer is used for routing, and the address of the link layer is set as the sensor node ID of the sensor node IPv6 address. The nodes in the tree structure (including the gateway node and the cluster head node) save a temporary routing table, and the routing table item includes three fields, the destination node field, the next hop field and the lifetime field. The destination node field records the sensor node ID of the destination node, the next hop field records the sensor node ID of the next hop to the destination node, and the survival time field records the survival time of this temporary routing entry. This time is automatically decayed according to the machine clock. When When the survival time is 0, the cluster head node deletes this entry from the routing table, and the setting value of the survival time is determined according to the storage space of the sensor nodes and the number of sensor nodes. Because of the large number of sensor nodes and limited resources, and the frequent movement of clusters will lead to frequent changes in routing, the system adopts the strategy of on-demand routing, and the survival time of routing entries is only used for one routing operation.
本发明所述系统中,网关节点保存两个记录表,一个记录表用来记录在本树状结构内获取家乡地址的簇首节点信息,包括家乡地址、转交地址所在树状结构的网关节点地址以及家乡地址到达网关节点的距离参数值;另一个记录表用来记录在本树状结构获取转交地址的簇首节点信息,包括簇首节点的家乡地址、在本树状结构中获取的转交地址以及转交地址到达网关节点的距离参数值。In the system of the present invention, the gateway node keeps two record tables, and one record table is used to record the information of the cluster head node obtaining the home address in the tree structure, including the address of the gateway node in the tree structure where the home address and the care-of address are located and the distance parameter value from the home address to the gateway node; another record table is used to record the information of the cluster head node that obtains the care-of address in this tree structure, including the home address of the cluster head node and the care-of address obtained in this tree structure And the parameter value of the distance from the care-of address to the gateway node.
本发明所述系统中,当簇首节点获取家乡地址或者由于其他原因(例如父节点位置移动或者失效、或者自身位置的移动等)重新回到最初获取家乡地址的树状结构中后,它会向所在树状结构的网关节点进行家乡地址注册操作。如果簇首节点由于自身移动重新回到获取家乡地址的树状结构,那么网关节点还要向簇首节点最后获取转交地址所在树状结构的网关节点进行注销操作。如果簇首节点获取新的转交地址,那么它会向当前所在树状结构的网关节点进行转交地址注册。In the system of the present invention, when the cluster head node obtains the home address or due to other reasons (for example, the position of the parent node moves or fails, or the movement of its own position, etc.) and returns to the tree structure that originally obtained the home address, it will Register the home address with the gateway node in the tree structure. If the cluster-head node returns to the tree structure where the home address is obtained due to its own movement, the gateway node also needs to perform a logout operation to the gateway node in the tree structure where the cluster-head node finally obtains the care-of address. If the cluster head node obtains a new care-of address, it will register the care-of address with the gateway node in the current tree structure.
本发明所述系统中,网关节点通过路由查询消息建立到达目的簇内节点的路由路径,在路由查询消息覆盖范围内的簇首节点收到此消息后,簇首节点通过查看路由查询消息的源地址判断此路由查询消息是否为簇首节点的父节点所发送,如果不是,则丢弃此消息,否则簇首节点继续判断自己距离当前所在树状结构的网关节点的距离值是否等于目的簇首节点当前地址距离网关节点的距离值,如果大于,则丢弃此消息,如果小于,则继续广播此消息,如果等于,簇首节点继续判断其家乡地址的网关ID与簇首ID是否与目的簇内节点地址的网关ID与簇首ID相同,如果不相同,则放弃此消息,如果相同,簇首节点则在簇内广播簇内节点的簇内节点ID,如果簇内节点检测到自己的簇内节点ID与簇内节点的簇内节点ID相同,即说明此成员为簇内节点,那么此簇内节点向网关节点G单播返回一个路由响应消息。簇内节点返回的路由响应消息的返回路径为:簇内节点首先将路由响应消息发送给它所在簇的簇首节点,簇首节点接收到此消息之后,将此消息发送给簇首节点所在簇树的父节点F,簇首节点的父节点F首先查看临时路由表中是否已经存在簇内节点的路由表项,即目的节点ID为簇内节点的传感器节点ID,下一跳节点是簇首节点的传感器节点ID,如果存在,则重新设置生存时间,如果不存在,则建立一个临时路由表项,目的节点ID为簇内节点的传感器节点ID,下一跳节点ID为簇首节点的传感器节点ID,并设置生存时间,然后继续将此消息发送簇首节点的父节点F的父节点F’,簇首节点的父节点F的父节点F’接收到此消息后,重复上述操作(下一跳节点ID为F的传感器节点ID),最终路由响应消息到达网关节点,,至此,网关节点到达目的簇内节点的路由路径建立完成。本发明中簇树由簇首节点组成,簇由簇首和簇内节点组成。In the system of the present invention, the gateway node establishes the routing path to the node in the destination cluster through the routing query message. After the cluster head node within the coverage of the routing query message receives the message, the cluster head node checks the source Address to determine whether the route query message is sent by the parent node of the cluster head node, if not, discard the message, otherwise the cluster head node continues to judge whether the distance between itself and the gateway node of the current tree structure is equal to the destination cluster head node If the distance between the current address and the gateway node is greater than, the message will be discarded; if it is less than, the message will continue to be broadcast; if it is equal, the cluster head node will continue to judge whether the gateway ID and cluster head ID of its home address are consistent with the destination node in the cluster The gateway ID of the address is the same as the cluster head ID. If they are not the same, the message will be discarded. If they are the same, the cluster head node will broadcast the cluster node ID of the cluster node in the cluster. If the cluster node detects its own cluster node The ID is the same as the cluster node ID of the node in the cluster, which means that this member is a node in the cluster, and then the node in the cluster returns a routing response message to the gateway node G by unicast. The return path of the routing response message returned by the nodes in the cluster is as follows: the node in the cluster first sends the routing response message to the cluster head node of its cluster, and after receiving the message, the cluster head node sends the message to the cluster head node. The parent node F of the tree and the parent node F of the cluster head node first check whether the routing table entry of the node in the cluster already exists in the temporary routing table, that is, the destination node ID is the sensor node ID of the node in the cluster, and the next hop node is the cluster head The sensor node ID of the node, if it exists, reset the survival time, if it does not exist, create a temporary routing table entry, the destination node ID is the sensor node ID of the node in the cluster, and the next hop node ID is the sensor of the cluster head node Node ID, and set the survival time, then continue to send this message to the parent node F' of the parent node F of the cluster head node, after the parent node F' of the parent node F of the cluster head node receives this message, repeat the above operation (below One hop node ID is the sensor node ID of F), and finally the routing response message reaches the gateway node. So far, the routing path from the gateway node to the node in the destination cluster is established. In the present invention, the cluster tree is composed of cluster head nodes, and the cluster is composed of cluster heads and cluster internal nodes.
本发明所述系统中,簇首节点定时查询父节点的工作状态,如果簇首节点在规定时间内没有接收到父节点的响应消息,那么它会认为父节点处于非正常工作状态(如电量耗尽或者少于一定阈值,或者彼此发生移动导致无法通信等),簇首节点会将其转交地址设置为0,并重新加入一个树状结构获取IPv6地址,如果新获取的IPv6地址为家乡地址,即原来的家乡地址的全局路由前缀及网关ID与新获取的IPv6地址的全局路由前缀及网关节点ID都相同,那么簇首节点进行家乡地址注册操作,否则簇首节点将新获取的IPv6地址作为转交地址并进行转交地址注册操作。In the system of the present invention, the cluster head node regularly inquires about the working state of the parent node, if the cluster head node does not receive the response message from the parent node within the specified time, it will consider that the parent node is in an abnormal working state (such as power consumption or less than a certain threshold, or the movement between each other leads to inability to communicate, etc.), the cluster head node will set its care-of address to 0, and re-join a tree structure to obtain an IPv6 address. If the newly obtained IPv6 address is a home address, That is, the global routing prefix and gateway ID of the original home address are the same as the global routing prefix and gateway node ID of the newly obtained IPv6 address, then the cluster head node performs the home address registration operation, otherwise the cluster head node uses the newly obtained IPv6 address as The care-of address and register the care-of address.
有益效果:本发明提供了下一代全IP可移动无线传感器网络路由的实现系统,在所述系统中,无线传感器网络是与IPv6网络实现全IP通信互联的无线传感器网络,它作为下一代Internet的末端网络存在,无线传感器网络中的每个传感器节点拥有全球唯一的IPv6地址,IPv6网络节点通过IPv6 Internet以及无线传感器节点的IPv6地址实现彼此的全IP通信互联,传感器节点可以随意移动,外部网络节点通过Internet以及传感器节点的IPv6地址与此传感器节点进行通信,并确保通信的正确性和连续性。Beneficial effects: the present invention provides a next-generation all-IP mobile wireless sensor network routing implementation system. In the system, the wireless sensor network is a wireless sensor network that realizes all-IP communication and interconnection with the IPv6 network. It serves as the next-generation Internet The terminal network exists, and each sensor node in the wireless sensor network has a globally unique IPv6 address. The IPv6 network nodes realize all-IP communication interconnection with each other through the IPv6 Internet and the IPv6 address of the wireless sensor node. The sensor nodes can move freely, and the external network nodes Communicate with the sensor node through the Internet and the IPv6 address of the sensor node, and ensure the correctness and continuity of communication.
附图说明 Description of drawings
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做更进一步的具体说明,本发明的上述和/或其他方面的优点将会变得更加清楚。The advantages of the above and/or other aspects of the present invention will become clearer as the present invention will be further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
图1为本发明所述的下一代全IP可移动传感器节点网络拓扑结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the next-generation all-IP mobile sensor node network topology according to the present invention.
图2为本发明所述的下一代全IP可移动传感器节点IPv6地址示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the IPv6 address of the next-generation all-IP mobile sensor node according to the present invention.
图3为本发明所述的网关节点与簇首节点形成树状结构的流程示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of forming a tree structure between a gateway node and a cluster head node according to the present invention.
图4为本发明所述的簇内节点获取IPv6地址的流程示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of a node in a cluster obtaining an IPv6 address according to the present invention.
图5为本发明所述的簇首节点注册流程示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the cluster head node registration process according to the present invention.
图6为本发明所述的路由表项格式示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the format of the routing table entry according to the present invention.
图7a和图7b为本发明所述的下一代全IP可移动传感器节点路由流程示意图。Fig. 7a and Fig. 7b are schematic diagrams of the routing flow of the next-generation all-IP mobile sensor node according to the present invention.
图8为本发明所述的下一代全IP可移动传感器网络移动检测流程示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a flow detection process of a next-generation all-IP mobile sensor network according to the present invention.
具体实施方式: Detailed ways:
本发明提供了下一代全IP可移动无线传感器网络路由的实现系统,在所述系统中,无线传感器网络是与IPv6网络实现全IP通信互联的无线传感器网络,它作为下一代Internet的末端网络存在,无线传感器网络中的每个传感器节点拥有全球唯一的IPv6地址,IPv6网络节点通过IPv6 Internet以及无线传感器节点的IPv6地址实现彼此的全IP通信互联,传感器节点可以随意移动,外部网络节点通过Internet以及传感器节点的IPv6地址与此传感器节点进行通信,并确保通信的正确性和连续性。The invention provides a next-generation all-IP mobile wireless sensor network routing implementation system. In the system, the wireless sensor network is a wireless sensor network that realizes all-IP communication and interconnection with the IPv6 network, and it exists as a terminal network of the next-generation Internet. , each sensor node in the wireless sensor network has a globally unique IPv6 address. IPv6 network nodes realize all-IP communication interconnection with each other through the IPv6 Internet and the IPv6 address of the wireless sensor node. The IPv6 address of the sensor node communicates with the sensor node and ensures the correctness and continuity of communication.
图1所示的是下一代全IP可移动传感器节点网络拓扑结构示意图,从功能角度划分,本发明包含两类节点:具有路由转发功能的节点(称作全功能节点)与不具有路由转发功能的节点(称作部分功能节点)。从系统结构划分,本发明设置了三类节点:网关节点1、簇首节点2及簇内节点节点3,其中,网关节点1与簇首节点2为全功能节点,它们的拓扑结构为树状结构,此树状结构构建成无线传感器网络的路由系统,簇内节点2节点为部分功能节点,主要用于数据采集与数据处理,网关节点1为固定节点,连接无线网络与IPv6网络。无线传感器网络由多个簇组成,每个簇包括一个簇首节点1和多个簇内节点2,簇内节点在簇首节点的一跳范围内,拓扑结构为星形,簇是下一代全IP无线传感器网络的移动单元,即簇作为一个单元可以随意移动,但是簇内的簇首节点与簇内节点节点关系不发生变化。簇内节点直接将采集的数据发送至簇首节点,簇首节点通过所在的树状结构实现对数据的路由。What Fig. 1 shows is the schematic diagram of next-generation all-IP mobile sensor node network topology, from the functional point of view, the present invention comprises two types of nodes: the node with routing and forwarding function (called full-featured node) and the node without routing and forwarding function nodes (called partial function nodes). From the division of system structure, the present invention sets three types of nodes:
图2所示的是下一代全IP可移动传感器节点IPv6地址示意图,网关节点、簇首节点及簇内节点的IPv6地址由两个部分组成,第一部分是80比特的全局路由前缀,一个下一代全IP无线传感器网络中所有传感器节点的IPv6地址的全局路由前缀都相同;第二部分为48比特的传感器节点ID,它又分为16比特的网关节点ID、16比特的簇首ID以及16比特的簇内节点ID三个组成部分,其中网关节点ID唯一地标识以此网关节点为根节点的树状结构,一个树状结构中所有簇首节点(包括簇内节点)的网关节点ID都相同;簇首ID唯一地标识一个簇,一个簇的所有簇内节点节点的簇首ID都相同;簇内节点ID唯一地标识一个簇内节点。网关节点与簇首节点IPv6地址中的传感器节点ID的簇内节点ID为0。网关节点ID、簇首ID及簇内节点ID由传感器节点原始ID号组成,在一个无线传感器网络中,传感器节点的原始ID号具有唯一性。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the IPv6 address of the next-generation all-IP mobile sensor node. The IPv6 address of the gateway node, the cluster head node, and the nodes in the cluster consists of two parts. The first part is an 80-bit global routing prefix, a next-generation The global routing prefix of the IPv6 address of all sensor nodes in the all-IP wireless sensor network is the same; the second part is the 48-bit sensor node ID, which is divided into a 16-bit gateway node ID, a 16-bit cluster head ID and a 16-bit The cluster node ID has three components, where the gateway node ID uniquely identifies the tree structure with the gateway node as the root node, and the gateway node IDs of all cluster head nodes (including cluster nodes) in a tree structure are the same ; The cluster head ID uniquely identifies a cluster, and the cluster head IDs of all nodes in a cluster are the same; the ID of a node in a cluster uniquely identifies a node in a cluster. The node ID in the cluster of the sensor node ID in the IPv6 address of the gateway node and the cluster head node is 0. The gateway node ID, the cluster head ID and the node ID in the cluster are composed of the original ID numbers of the sensor nodes. In a wireless sensor network, the original ID numbers of the sensor nodes are unique.
图3所示的是网关节点与簇首节点形成树状结构的流程示意图,网关节点和簇首节点保存一个记录它到达所在树状结构中网关节点的距离(距离单位为跳数)参数,网关节点的距离参数值为0,此外,由于簇具有移动性,因此簇首节点还需要记录家乡地址和转交地址,初始状态下,家乡地址与转交地址的值为0。簇首节点加入树状结构并获取IPv6地址的流程描述如下:What Fig. 3 shows is the schematic diagram of the process of forming a tree structure between the gateway node and the cluster head node. The distance parameter value of the node is 0. In addition, because the cluster has mobility, the cluster head node also needs to record the home address and the care-of address. In the initial state, the values of the home address and the care-of address are 0. The process of the cluster head node joining the tree structure and obtaining the IPv6 address is described as follows:
步骤301:簇首节点H广播加入树状结构的消息,同时设定一个时钟;Step 301: The cluster head node H broadcasts the message of joining the tree structure, and sets a clock at the same time;
步骤302:消息广播覆盖范围内的邻居簇首节点收到消息后,向簇首节点H返回一个响应消息,消息的内容是邻居簇首节点到达所在树状结构的网关节点的距离值以及当前的IPv6地址值;Step 302: After receiving the message, the neighbor cluster-head nodes within the coverage of the message broadcast return a response message to the cluster-head node H. The content of the message is the distance value of the neighbor cluster-head node to the gateway node in the tree structure and the current IPv6 address value;
步骤303:时钟到期之后,簇首节点H选择返回响应消息中距离参数值最小的簇首节点作为父节点F并记录下父节点F当前的传感器节点ID以及簇首节点H到达所在树状结构网关节点的距离值,即父节点F的距离值加1,同时从父节点F的IPv6地址中抽取出全局路由前缀及网关ID与自身的原始ID相结合,形成IPv6地址;Step 303: After the clock expires, the cluster head node H selects the cluster head node with the smallest distance parameter value in the response message as the parent node F and records the current sensor node ID of the parent node F and the tree structure where the cluster head node H arrives. The distance value of the gateway node, that is, the distance value of the parent node F plus 1, and at the same time extract the global routing prefix and gateway ID from the IPv6 address of the parent node F and combine it with its original ID to form an IPv6 address;
步骤304:簇首节点H判断获取的IPv6地址是否为家乡地址(即判断原来的家乡地址是否为0或者原来的家乡地址不为0但是新获取的IPv6地址的网关ID与原来的家乡地址的网关ID相同),如果是家乡地址,转到步骤306;Step 304: Cluster head node H judges whether the acquired IPv6 address is a home address (that is, judges whether the original home address is 0 or the original home address is not 0 but the gateway ID of the newly acquired IPv6 address is the same as the gateway ID of the original home address ID is the same), if it is the hometown address, go to step 306;
步骤305:簇首节点H向所在树状结构的网关节点对新获取的IPv6地址进行转交地址注册,转到步骤307;Step 305: The cluster-head node H registers the newly acquired IPv6 address with the gateway node in the tree structure, and proceeds to step 307;
步骤306:簇首节点H向所在树状结构的网关节点对新获取的IPv6地址进行家乡地址注册;Step 306: the cluster head node H registers the home address of the newly acquired IPv6 address with the gateway node in the tree structure;
步骤307:簇首节点H成功加入树状结构,并获取了IPv6地址,过程结束。Step 307: The cluster head node H successfully joins the tree structure and obtains an IPv6 address, and the process ends.
图4所示的是簇内节点获取IPv6地址的流程示意图,部分功能传感器节点获取簇内节点身份及IPv6地址的过程描述如下:Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the process of obtaining an IPv6 address by a node in a cluster. The process of obtaining the identity of a node in a cluster and an IPv6 address by a sensor node with some functions is described as follows:
步骤401:簇首节点H获取IPv6家乡地址后,它会定期广播自己的家乡地址以示自己的存在;Step 401: After the cluster-head node H obtains the IPv6 home address, it will periodically broadcast its own home address to show its existence;
步骤402:消息广播覆盖范围内的传感器节点收到消息后判断自己是否是全功能节点,如果是全功能节点(即全功能传感器节点),进行步骤404;如果不是全功能节点,即为部分功能节点(即部分功能传感器节点),进行步骤403;Step 402: After receiving the message, the sensor nodes within the coverage of the message broadcast judge whether they are full-function nodes. If they are full-function nodes (i.e. full-function sensor nodes), proceed to step 404; if they are not full-function nodes, they are partial-function nodes. node (i.e. part of the functional sensor node), proceed to step 403;
(我在上段中加了一些描述,请您看是否合适!)(I added some descriptions to the above paragraph, please see if it fits!)
步骤403:如果部分功能节点已经标识为簇内节点,那么进行步骤404,否则进行步骤405;Step 403: If some functional nodes have been identified as nodes in the cluster, then go to step 404, otherwise go to step 405;
步骤404:放弃此消息,转到步骤407;Step 404: abandon this message, go to step 407;
步骤405:部分功能节点将自己标记为簇内节点并记录下簇首节点H的家乡IPv6地址,提取簇首节点H的家乡地址的全局路由前缀、网关ID和簇首ID与自身的原始ID相结合,得到传感器节点的IPv6地址;Step 405: Some functional nodes mark themselves as intra-cluster nodes and record the home IPv6 address of the cluster head node H, and extract the global routing prefix, gateway ID and cluster head ID of the home address of the cluster head node H corresponding to their own original ID Combining to obtain the IPv6 address of the sensor node;
步骤406:至此,部分功能节点获取了IPv6地址并加入了簇;Step 406: So far, some functional nodes have obtained IPv6 addresses and joined the cluster;
步骤407:过程结束。Step 407: the process ends.
图5所示的是簇首节点注册流程示意图,网关节点保存两个记录表,一个记录表用来记录在本树状结构内获取家乡地址的簇首节点信息,每项记录包括家乡地址、转交地址所在树状结构的网关节点地址以及家乡地址到达网关节点的距离参数值;另一个记录表用来记录在本树状结构获取转交地址的簇首节点信息,每项纪录包括簇首节点的家乡地址、在本树状结构中获取的转交地址以及转交地址到达网关节点的距离参数值。簇首节点获取新的IPv6地址时向所在树状结构网关节点进行新地址注册的过程为:Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the registration process of the cluster head node. The gateway node keeps two record tables. One record table is used to record the information of the cluster head node that obtains the home address in this tree structure. Each record includes home address, forwarding The address of the gateway node in the tree structure where the address is located and the distance parameter value from the home address to the gateway node; another record table is used to record the information of the cluster head node that obtains the care-of address in this tree structure, and each record includes the hometown of the cluster head node The address, the care-of address obtained in this tree structure, and the parameter value of the distance from the care-of address to the gateway node. When the cluster head node acquires a new IPv6 address, the process of registering the new address with the gateway node in the tree structure is as follows:
步骤501:簇首节点H获取了新的IPv6地址;Step 501: the cluster head node H obtains a new IPv6 address;
步骤502:簇首节点H判断新获取的IPv6地址是否为家乡地址,如果不是家乡地址,进行步骤503,否则进行步骤511;Step 502: the cluster head node H judges whether the newly acquired IPv6 address is a home address, if it is not a home address, go to step 503, otherwise go to step 511;
步骤503:簇首节点H向所在树状结构网关节点G’发送转交地址注册消息,消息包括簇首节点H的家乡地址、新获取的转交地址以及其距离网关节点G’的距离值;Step 503: The cluster head node H sends a care-of address registration message to the gateway node G' in the tree structure, the message includes the home address of the cluster head node H, the newly obtained care-of address and its distance from the gateway node G';
步骤504:网关节点G’收到转交地址注册消息后,查看记录在本树状结构内获取转交地址的簇首节点记录表是否存在簇首节点H的记录,如果存在,进行步骤506,否则进行步骤505;Step 504: After the gateway node G' receives the care-of address registration message, check whether there is a record of the cluster head node H in the cluster head node record table recorded in the tree structure to obtain the care-of address, if it exists, go to step 506, otherwise go to
步骤505:网关节点G’增加一条记录,记录信息包括簇首节点H的家乡地址、新获取的转交地址以及其距离网关节点的距离值,同时向簇首节点H获取家乡地址的树状结构的网关节点G转发此注册消息,转到步骤507;Step 505: The gateway node G' adds a record, the record information includes the home address of the cluster head node H, the newly obtained care-of address and its distance from the gateway node, and at the same time obtains the tree structure of the home address from the cluster head node H The gateway node G forwards the registration message and goes to step 507;
步骤506:网关节点G’用消息中的距离值更新簇首节点H的相关记录,转到步骤518;Step 506: The gateway node G' updates the relevant record of the cluster head node H with the distance value in the message, and turns to step 518;
步骤507:簇首节点H获取家乡地址的树状结构的网关节点G查看记录在本树状结构获取家乡地址的簇首节点记录表中簇首节点H对应的记录,判断转交地址所在树状结构的网关节点IPv6地址域是否为0,如果为0,转到步骤510,否则进行步骤508;Step 507: The gateway node G of the tree structure in which the cluster head node H obtains the home address checks the record corresponding to the cluster head node H in the cluster head node record table for obtaining the home address in the tree structure, and determines the tree structure in which the care-of address is located Whether the gateway node IPv6 address domain is 0, if it is 0, go to step 510, otherwise go to step 508;
步骤508:簇首节点H获取家乡地址的树状结构的网关节点G向记录中转交地址所在树状结构的网关节点G”发送一条注销消息,此消息包括簇首节点H的家乡地址;Step 508: The cluster-head node H acquires the gateway node G of the tree structure of the home address to send a logout message to the gateway node G" in the tree structure where the care-of address is located in the record, and this message includes the home address of the cluster-head node H;
步骤509:记录中转交地址域所在树状结构的网关节点G”接收到注销消息后,它将簇首节点H的记录从记录在本树状结构获取转交地址的簇首节点记录表中删除;Step 509: After the gateway node G" in the tree structure where the care-of address field is located in the record receives the logout message, it deletes the record of the cluster head node H from the cluster head node record table recorded in the tree structure to obtain the care-of address;
步骤510:簇首节点H获取家乡地址的树状结构的网关节点G用簇首节点H获取当前转交地址的树状结构的网关节点G’的IPv6地址更新记录中转交地址所在树状结构的网关节点地址域的值,同时将家乡地址距离网关节点的值设置为0,转到步骤518;Step 510: The cluster-head node H obtains the gateway node G of the tree structure of the home address, uses the cluster head node H to obtain the gateway node G' of the tree structure of the current care-of address, and updates the gateway node of the tree structure where the care-of address is located in the record. The value of the node address domain, and the value of the home address away from the gateway node is set to 0 at the same time, go to step 518;
步骤511:簇首节点H向所在树状结构的网关节点G发送家乡地址注册消息,消息包括簇首节点H新获取的家乡地址以及其距离网关节点的距离值;Step 511: The cluster head node H sends a home address registration message to the gateway node G in the tree structure, and the message includes the newly acquired home address of the cluster head node H and its distance from the gateway node;
步骤512:网关节点G收到注册消息后,查看记录在本树状结构内获取家乡地址的簇首节点记录表是否存在簇首节点H的记录,如果存在,进行步骤513,否则进行步骤514;Step 512: After the gateway node G receives the registration message, check whether there is a record of the cluster head node H in the cluster head node record table recorded in the tree structure to obtain the home address, if it exists, go to step 513, otherwise go to step 514;
步骤513:网关节点G用消息中的距离值更新簇首节点H的记录,转到步骤515;Step 513: The gateway node G updates the record of the cluster head node H with the distance value in the message, and goes to step 515;
步骤514:网关节点G增加一条记录并记录下簇首节点H的家乡地址及其距离参数值,转交地址所在树状结构的网关节点地址域设置为0,转到步骤518;Step 514: the gateway node G adds a record and records the home address of the cluster head node H and its distance parameter value, the gateway node address field of the tree structure where the care-of address is located is set to 0, and then go to step 518;
步骤515:网关节点G检测此记录中转交地址所在树状结构的网关节点IPv6地址域是否为0,如果不为0,转到步骤516,否则转到步骤518;Step 515: the gateway node G detects whether the gateway node IPv6 address field in the tree structure where the care-of address is located in this record is 0, if not 0, go to step 516, otherwise go to step 518;
步骤516:网关节点G向记录中转交地址所在树状结构的网关节点G’发送一条注销消息,消息包括簇首节点H的家乡地址,同时将此地址域设置为0;Step 516: the gateway node G sends a logout message to the gateway node G' in the tree structure where the care-of address is located in the record, the message includes the home address of the cluster head node H, and this address field is set to 0;
步骤517:记录中转交地址所在树状结构的网关节点G’接收到注销消息后,从记录在本树状结构获取转交地址的簇首节点记录表中删除簇首节点H的记录;Step 517: After receiving the logout message, the gateway node G' in the tree structure where the care-of address is located in the record deletes the record of the cluster head node H from the cluster head node record table recorded in the tree structure to obtain the care-of address;
步骤518:注册过程结束。Step 518: The registration process ends.
图6所示的是路由表项格式示意图,本发明采用链路层进行路由,链路层地址设置为传感器节点IPv6地址的传感器节点ID。树状结构中的节点(包括网关节点与簇首节点)保存一个临时路由表,路由表项包括三个域,目的节点域、下一跳域和生存时间域,其中,目的节点域记录目的节点的传感器节点ID,下一跳域记录到达目的节点的下一跳的传感器节点ID,生存时间域记录此临时路由表项的生存时间,此时间根据机器时钟自动衰减,当生存时间为0时,簇首节点将此表项从路由表中删除,生存时间的设定值根据传感器节点的存储空间及传感器节点的数量来确定。因为传感器节点数目庞大且资源有限,且簇的频繁移动会导致路由的频繁变化,因此本发明采用按需路由的策略,路由表项的生存时间只用于一次路由操作。Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the format of the routing table entry. The present invention uses the link layer for routing, and the link layer address is set as the sensor node ID of the sensor node IPv6 address. The nodes in the tree structure (including the gateway node and the cluster head node) save a temporary routing table. The routing table item includes three domains, the destination node domain, the next hop domain and the lifetime domain. Among them, the destination node domain records the destination node The sensor node ID of the next hop field records the sensor node ID of the next hop to the destination node, and the survival time field records the survival time of this temporary routing entry. This time is automatically decayed according to the machine clock. When the survival time is 0, The cluster head node deletes this entry from the routing table, and the set value of the survival time is determined according to the storage space of the sensor nodes and the number of sensor nodes. Because the number of sensor nodes is huge and the resources are limited, and the frequent movement of clusters will lead to frequent changes in routing, the present invention adopts an on-demand routing strategy, and the survival time of routing table items is only used for one routing operation.
图7a和图7b所示的是下一代全IP可移动传感器节点路由流程示意图,IPv6网络节点获取簇内节点X采集数据的流程描述如下:Fig. 7a and Fig. 7b are schematic diagrams of the routing flow of next-generation all-IP mobile sensor nodes. The flow of IPv6 network nodes to obtain data collected by node X in the cluster is described as follows:
步骤701:IPv6网络节点N发送一条获取簇内节点X采集数据的服务请求数据包,此消息的目的地址为Addr;Step 701: IPv6 network node N sends a service request data packet to obtain data collected by node X in the cluster, and the destination address of this message is Addr;
步骤702:此数据包在IPv6网络中路由,最后到达与簇内节点X所在无线传感器网络连接的网关节点,它通过检查Addr的网关ID判断簇内节点X是否在本树状结构内,如果不在,那么进行多播,最后此请求数据包会到达簇内节点簇内节点X所在树状结构的网关节点G;Step 702: The data packet is routed in the IPv6 network, and finally arrives at the gateway node connected to the wireless sensor network where the node X in the cluster is located. It judges whether the node X in the cluster is in the tree structure by checking the gateway ID of Addr, if not , then multicast, and finally the request packet will reach the gateway node G in the tree structure where the node X in the cluster is located;
步骤703:网关节点G查看记录在本树中获取家乡地址的簇首节点记录表中簇内节点X所在簇的簇首节点H对应的记录,判断记录中转交地址所在树状结构的网关节点G’是否为0,如果为0,转到步骤704,否则进行步骤705;Step 703: The gateway node G checks the record corresponding to the cluster head node H of the cluster where the node X in the cluster is located in the record table of the cluster head node whose home address is obtained in the tree, and determines the gateway node G in the tree structure where the care-of address is located in the record 'Whether it is 0, if it is 0, go to step 704, otherwise go to step 705;
步骤704:网关节点G用簇内节点X的IPv6地址与簇内节点X所在簇簇首节点H的家乡地址的距离参数构建路由查询消息来查询到达簇内节点X的路由路径,并在树状结构上广播此消息,转到步骤707;Step 704: The gateway node G uses the distance parameter between the IPv6 address of the node X in the cluster and the home address of the cluster head node H where the node X is located to construct a routing query message to query the routing path to the node X in the cluster, and in the tree Structurally broadcast this message, go to step 707;
步骤705:网关节点G用隧道头部(源地址为网关节点G的IPv6地址,目的地址为网关节点G’的IPv6地址)封装服务请求数据包并将其转发到网关节点G’;Step 705: the gateway node G encapsulates the service request packet with the tunnel header (the source address is the IPv6 address of the gateway node G, and the destination address is the IPv6 address of the gateway node G') and forwards it to the gateway node G';
步骤706:网关节点G’收到服务请求消息之后,用簇内节点X的IPv6地址与所在簇簇首节点H的转交地址距离网关节点的距离参数构建路由查询消息来查询到达簇内节点X的路由路径,并在树状结构上广播此消息;Step 706: After the gateway node G' receives the service request message, it uses the IPv6 address of the node X in the cluster and the distance parameter between the care-of address of the cluster head node H and the gateway node to construct a routing query message to query the route to the node X in the cluster. routing path, and broadcast this message on the tree structure;
步骤707:在路由查询消息广播覆盖范围内的邻居簇首节点收到此消息后,邻居簇首节点通过查看路由查询消息的源地址判断此路由查询消息是否为其父节点所发送,如果是,进行步骤708,否则进行步骤711;Step 707: After the neighboring cluster-head nodes within the broadcasting coverage of the routing query message receive the message, the neighboring cluster-head nodes judge whether the routing query message is sent by their parent node by checking the source address of the routing query message, and if so, Go to step 708, otherwise go to step 711;
步骤708:邻居簇首节点判断它距离网关节点的距离值是否等于消息中的距离参数值,如果等于,进行步骤709,否则进行步骤710;Step 708: The neighboring cluster head node judges whether its distance from the gateway node is equal to the distance parameter value in the message, if so, proceed to step 709, otherwise proceed to step 710;
步骤709:邻居簇首节点判断其家乡地址的网关ID与簇首ID是否与簇内节点X的网关ID及簇首ID相同,如果相同,进行步骤713,否则进行步骤711;Step 709: The neighbor cluster head node judges whether the gateway ID and cluster head ID of its home address are the same as the gateway ID and cluster head ID of node X in the cluster, if they are the same, go to step 713, otherwise go to step 711;
步骤710:邻居簇首节点判断它距离网关节点的距离参数值是否大于消息中的距离参数值,如果大于,进行步骤711,否则进行步骤712;Step 710: The neighbor cluster head node judges whether the distance parameter value between it and the gateway node is greater than the distance parameter value in the message, if greater, proceed to step 711, otherwise proceed to step 712;
步骤711:丢弃此消息,处理过程结束。Step 711: The message is discarded, and the processing ends.
步骤712:邻居簇首节点用自己当前地址更新查询消息中的源地址域,然后在树状结构中继续广播此路由查询消息,转到步骤707;Step 712: The neighbor cluster head node updates the source address field in the query message with its own current address, then continues to broadcast the routing query message in the tree structure, and turns to step 707;
步骤713:如果簇内节点X所在簇的簇首节点H获取家乡地址所在树状结构的网关节点G中记录在本树中获取家乡地址的簇首节点记录表中对应簇首节点H的记录中的转交地址所在树状结构的网关节点G’不为0,那么簇内节点X向网关节点G’单播返回一个路由响应消息,否则向网关节点G单播返回一个路由响应消息。以下相同Step 713: If the cluster head node H of the cluster where the node X in the cluster is located obtains the home address and records it in the gateway node G of the tree structure where the home address is obtained, record it in the record corresponding to the cluster head node H in the cluster head node record table for obtaining the home address in this tree If the gateway node G' in the tree structure where the care-of address is located is not 0, then the node X in the cluster returns a routing response message to the gateway node G' by unicast, otherwise it returns a routing response message to the gateway node G by unicast. Same as below
步骤714:簇内节点X首先将路由响应消息发送给它所在簇的簇首节点H,簇首节点H接收到此消息之后,将此消息发送给它所在簇树的父节点;Step 714: The node X in the cluster first sends the routing response message to the cluster head node H of its cluster, and after receiving the message, the cluster head node H sends the message to the parent node of the cluster tree where it is located;
步骤715:父节点查看临时路由表中是否已经存在簇内节点X的路由表项,即目的节点ID为簇内节点X的传感器节点ID的路由表项,如果存在,进行步骤716,否则进行步骤717;Step 715: The parent node checks whether there is already a routing entry of the node X in the cluster in the temporary routing table, that is, the routing entry whose destination node ID is the sensor node ID of the node X in the cluster, if it exists, go to step 716, otherwise go to step 717;
步骤716:父节点重新设置簇内节点X路由表项的生存时间,转到步骤718;Step 716: the parent node resets the time-to-live of the node X routing table entry in the cluster, and goes to step 718;
步骤717:父节点建立一个临时路由表项,目的节点ID为簇内节点X的传感器节点ID,下一跳节点为发送路由响应消息的簇首节点的传感器节点ID;Step 717: the parent node creates a temporary routing entry, the destination node ID is the sensor node ID of node X in the cluster, and the next hop node is the sensor node ID of the cluster head node that sends the routing response message;
步骤718:父节点是否为网关节点G或者网关节点G′,如果是,进行步骤720,否则进行步骤719;Step 718: Whether the parent node is a gateway node G or a gateway node G', if yes, go to step 720, otherwise go to step 719;
步骤719:父节点将此路由响应消息继续发送给它的父节点,转到步骤715;Step 719: the parent node continues to send the routing response message to its parent node, and go to step 715;
步骤720:网关节点G或者网关节点G′到达簇内节点X的路由建立结束,网关节点G或者网关节点G′按照此路由将服务请求消息发送给目的簇内节点X,目的簇内节点X将服务响应数据包按照原路径返回给网关节点G或者网关节点G′,由网关节点G或者网关节点G′将服务响应数据包发送到IPv6网络上,最后到达IPv6网络节点N;Step 720: The gateway node G or gateway node G' reaches the node X in the cluster to establish the route, and the gateway node G or gateway G' sends the service request message to the target node X in the cluster according to the route, and the target node X in the cluster will The service response data packet is returned to the gateway node G or the gateway node G' according to the original path, and the service response data packet is sent to the IPv6 network by the gateway node G or the gateway node G', and finally reaches the IPv6 network node N;
步骤721:处理过程结束。Step 721: the process ends.
图8所示的是下一代全IP可移动传感器网络移动检测流程示意图,簇首节点H检测自己或者父节点的位置是否移动的过程如下:Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the next-generation all-IP mobile sensor network mobile detection process. The process of detecting whether the cluster head node H detects itself or the position of the parent node is as follows:
步骤801:簇首节点H定期向父节点发送查询消息查看父节点的工作状态;Step 801: The cluster head node H periodically sends query messages to the parent node to check the working status of the parent node;
步骤802:簇首节点H在规定时间内如果没有接收到父节点的响应消息,那么进行步骤803,否则进行步骤807;Step 802: If the cluster head node H does not receive the response message from the parent node within the specified time, then go to step 803, otherwise go to step 807;
步骤803:簇首节点H认为父节点处于非正常工作状态,将转交地址设置为0,重新加入一个树状结构获取IPv6地址;Step 803: The cluster head node H thinks that the parent node is not working normally, sets the care-of address to 0, and re-joins a tree structure to obtain an IPv6 address;
步骤804:如果簇首节点H新获取的IPv6地址为家乡地址,则进行步骤805,否则进行步骤806;Step 804: If the newly acquired IPv6 address of the cluster head node H is the home address, then proceed to step 805, otherwise proceed to step 806;
步骤805:簇首节点H向所在树状结构的网关节点进行家乡地址注册操作,转到步骤807;Step 805: The cluster head node H registers the home address with the gateway node in the tree structure, and goes to step 807;
步骤806:簇首节点H向所在树状结构的网关节点进行转交地址注册操作,Step 806: The cluster head node H registers the care-of address with the gateway node in the tree structure,
步骤807:过程结束。Step 807: the process ends.
综上所述,本发明实现了全IP无线传感器网络的网络移动,此项技术可以应用于国防、医疗及农业等领域,例如,针对一个农场(一个下一代全IP可移动无线传感器网络),农场饲养了多种群居的牲畜,它们的移动是以群为基本单位的(一个簇)。为了查看这些牲畜的生存状态,在它们身上安装了一些部分功能传感器节点(簇内节点)用以采集相关参数,而在牲畜群中领头的牲畜身上安装全功能传感器节点(即簇首),这样,当牲畜群进行移动时,外界饲养(研究)人员仍然可以通过Internet访问传感器节点以获取这些牲畜当前的生存状态参数。In summary, the present invention has realized the network movement of all-IP wireless sensor network, and this technology can be applied to fields such as national defense, medical treatment and agriculture, for example, for a farm (a next-generation all-IP mobile wireless sensor network), Many kinds of herd animals are kept on the farm, and their movement is based on the group (a cluster). In order to check the living status of these livestock, some sensor nodes with partial functions (intra-cluster nodes) are installed on them to collect relevant parameters, and full-function sensor nodes (i.e., cluster heads) are installed on the leading livestock in the herd, so that , when the herd of livestock is moving, external breeding (research) personnel can still access the sensor nodes through the Internet to obtain the current living state parameters of these livestock.
本发明提供了一种下一代全IP可移动无线传感器网络路由的实现系统的思路及方法,具体实现该技术方案的方法和途径很多,以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。本实施例中未明确的各组成部份均可用现有技术加以实现。The present invention provides an idea and method for implementing a next-generation all-IP mobile wireless sensor network routing system. There are many methods and approaches for implementing this technical solution. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that For those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. All components that are not specified in this embodiment can be realized by existing technologies.
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