CN103872568B - Eliminate the chirped pulse chirped amplification system of high-order dispersion - Google Patents
Eliminate the chirped pulse chirped amplification system of high-order dispersion Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of chirped pulse chirped amplification system for eliminating high-order dispersion, including femtosecond pulse oscillation source, main grating stretcher, main amplifier and main gratings compressor, its main feature is that the system further includes auxiliary stretcher, auxiliary compressor reducer, preamplifier, the first speculum and the second speculum.In the present invention, pulse chirped is separated with system material dispersion compensation so that the residual high-order dispersion of the light pulse of final output reduces several orders of magnitude, it could even be possible to fully erased.The phase spectrum of output laser pulse is flat, can obtain the pulse width of nearly transform limit, the superpower ultrashort pulse amplification of support 15fs or less width, and promotes the contrast before output laser main pulse at picosecond position.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser science field, more particularly to a kind of chirped pulse time domain broadening compression for eliminating high-order dispersion
Amplification system.
Background technology
Ultra-short intense laser science is with the development of ultra-short intense laser, the interaction of ultra-short intense laser and substance, with
And the leading basic research in cross discipline and related high-tech sector is research object, is important science frontier field.
The base that wherein can be ultra-short intense laser scientific domain research with the miniaturization ultrashort and ultrahigh laser system of output high-power pulse
This equipment.Here " superpower ultrashort " refers to that the time width of laser pulse is extremely narrow（Generally less than 200 femtoseconds, femtosecond i.e. 10- 15S, abbreviation fs）, peak power is high（More than 1 terawatt (TW), i.e., 1012W, abbreviation TW）.The time width of ultrashort pulse is by spectrum
Restriction, spectrum is wider, and the pulse width being likely to be breached in pulse compression theory is narrower, but in practice can by it is uneven swash
The influence of light phase spectrum, cannot achieve desired compression.
Ultrashort and ultrahigh laser system uses chirped pulse amplification（Chirped Pulse Amplification, are abbreviated as
CPA）For basic fundamental route.Titanium sapphire laser system of the typical scenario as used CPA technologies：Femtosecond laser oscillation source directly produces
The weaker ultrashort pulse of raw intensity, is first fed in grating stretcher, and strong chirp is introduced by grating, and the burst length is wide
Degree thus be broadened million times, become nanosecond（Nanosecond i.e. 10-9S, abbreviation ns）The long pulse of magnitude.Such long pulse is in titanium treasured
In stone gain media, energy amplification is obtained；Gratings compressor is finally utilized, the chirp in laser pulse is eliminated, makes nanosecond long pulse
Punching is by compression and back femtosecond ultrashort pulse, the final output for realizing ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulse.The laser pulse has wide spectrum
The fourier transform limit of characteristic, spectrum determines the most narrow pulse width that compression is likely to be breached.
Ultra-short intense laser system output laser pulse has very high-energy, and the optical device for be easy to causeing system itself is broken
It is bad.So usually requiring that compressor reducer uses reflecting element, the simpler structure the better, loss is the smaller the better.Simplest structure is not
The gratings compressor being excessively made of two pairs of parallel grating mirrors can generate negative dispersion.In addition to having outside the Pass with the wavelength of light itself, bear
Dispersion measure additionally depends on the incisure density of grating, laser light incident angle and parallel grating spacing.In CPA systems, laser pulse tool
There are tens nanometers of wide spectrum bandwidth, dispersion spectrum to can be analyzed to single order, second order, three ranks and the higher order color of central wavelength
It dissipates.Wherein, 1st order chromatic dispersion represents the bulk velocity of laser pulse, unrelated with the problem of research；Three, fourth-order dispersion amount and second order color
The ratio for dissipating amount is only related with laser light incident angle；And when laser light incident angle determines, second-order dispersion amount is only related with grating space.
The grating stretcher of CPA systems, essence are to utilize 1:1 optical imaging system of looking in the distance forms a picture grating,
And object light grid and as parallel to each other between grating and " negative " distance.The dispersion equation of gratings compressor can be used in ideal exhibition completely
On wide device, grating space is only become negative value by required change.That is in theory, the dispersion of ideal stretcher and pressure
Antithesis, mutual dispersion fidelity compensation may be implemented in contracting device.
In practical CPA systems, laser in system will pass through various optical elements, as laser amplification medium,
Nonlinear crystal, lens etc..These optical elements with material positive dispersion, can change the chirp value of transmission laser.Therefore right
For actual CPA systems, the parameter between stretcher and compressor reducer has difference.
In the prior art, femtosecond laser oscillation source 1 generates ultrashort pulse, is first fed in grating stretcher 2, width
As nanosecond（Nanosecond i.e. 10-9s）The long pulse of magnitude.Such long pulse passes through casacade multi-amplifier 3, obtains energy amplification；It puts
Gratings compressor 4 is passed through in pulse after big, makes nanosecond long pulse by compression and back femtosecond ultrashort pulse, finally realizes superpower ultrashort sharp
The output of light pulse, such as Fig. 3.Wherein, the dispersion compensation of CPA systems follows following methods：By adjusting the directional light of compressor reducer
Pitch is from can adjust second-order dispersion amount, to compensate the second-order dispersion of stretcher and system material；By adjusting the light of compressor reducer
Grid incidence angle, to compensate the third-order dispersion of stretcher and system material.
Under above-mentioned technical proposal, the dispersion of quadravalence even more high-order will be unable to be compensated.Remaining high-order dispersion amount is non-
Chang great is mainly provided by dispersion compressor reducer, and relative to it, the included high-order dispersion amount of system material can be ignored.Grating
The stretching capability of stretcher is bigger（Long pulse after broadening is wider）, then remaining high-order dispersion amount is bigger.High-order dispersion meeting
The attainable width of institute after light pulse is compressed is influenced, high-order dispersion amount is bigger, then the flat region of laser phase spectrum is narrower, after compression
Light pulse it is also wider.Fig. 2 is computer Simulation calculation as a result, wherein initial light pulse has Gaussian, original width
15fs, the full width at half maximum of spectrum are 60nm, two, third-order dispersion 0.Such as Fig. 2 a, if residual fourth-order dispersion is 106fs4, then phase
Position spectrum flat region（Less than 1 radian）Width is 50nm, the Gaussian pulse of full width at half maximum about 60nm（Corresponding 15fs pulsewidths）It can only
It is compressed to 49fs；Such as Fig. 2 b, when remaining fourth-order dispersion amount is 105fs4When, phase spectrum flat region（Less than 1 radian）Width is
80nm, pulsewidth can be compressed to 28fs.In practice, the ultra-short intense laser system residual dispersion of big energy is usually more than
105fs4, wide spectrum, which exports pulse, can only support the output of 30fs amounts pole.In order to improve the peak power of output laser pulse, have
Necessity eliminates high-order dispersion, or at least reduces to the acceptable degree of system.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of chirped pulse for eliminating high-order dispersion is provided
Time domain broadening compresses amplification system, with the flat region range of this expansion of laser light output impulse phase spectrum, and further decreases output
Pulse width improves laser peak power, so as to support the superpower ultrashort pulse of 15fs or less width to amplify；And due to
Phase spectrum it is flat, for increase CPA systems spectral bandwidth provide practical significance；In addition, it can also promote output main pulse
Picosecond position contrast, meet related physical experiment requirement.
Technical solution of the invention is as follows：
A kind of chirped pulse chirped amplification system for eliminating high-order dispersion, including femtosecond pulse oscillation source, key light grid
Stretcher, main amplifier and main gratings compressor, its main feature is that the system further includes auxiliary stretcher, auxiliary compressor reducer, preposition amplification
Device, the first speculum and the second speculum, the relative position relation of the component are as follows：
The femtosecond ultrashort pulse that femtosecond pulse oscillation source generates initially enters auxiliary grating stretcher, and broadens into short arteries and veins
Punching.Short pulse enters preamplifier, receives energy under the gain effect of preamplifier, realizes preliminary amplification.Tentatively put
Short pulse after big is partially compressed back hundred femtosecond pulses into auxiliary compressor reducer.Hundred femtosecond pulses are guided in the first speculum
It is lower to be broadened into main grating stretcher to long pulse, main amplifier is then entered under the guiding of the second speculum, in main amplification
Receive energy under the gain effect of device, realizes energy amplification.The amplified long pulse of energy enters main gratings compressor, is compressed
As the ultrashort pulse of femtosecond magnitude.
The femtosecond pulse oscillation source is that Ti∶Sapphire laser femtosecond Mode-locked laser device, dye laser or optical fiber mode locking swash
Light device etc..
The auxiliary stretcher is that grating stretcher, fiber stretcher and prism equity dispersion element are constituted, and is light arteries and veins
It purges with for relatively small chirp value, by Femtosecond Optical Pulses broadening to picosecond to hundred picosecond magnitudes.
The auxiliary compressor reducer is made of gratings compressor or fiber compressor or prism equity dispersion element, to mend
The dispersion caused by auxiliary stretcher and system all material is repaid, it can be in the feelings for not introducing main grating stretcher and main gratings compressor
Under condition, short pulse compression is broadened into back femtosecond magnitude ultrashort pulse in the end of main amplifier.
The preamplifier is to be based on laser medium, such as Ti∶Sapphire laser, laser amplification technique, can also be base
In nonlinear crystal, such as bbo crystal, optical parametric amplification.
Based on the main grating stretcher is using grating, the stretcher with big stretching capability.Key light grid exhibition
Wide device can be by optical pulse broadening to nanosecond order.
The main amplifier is to be based on laser medium, such as Ti∶Sapphire laser, laser amplification technique, can also be to be based on
Nonlinear crystal, such as bbo crystal optical parametric amplification.
Based on the main gratings compressor is using grating, the compressor reducer with big compressed capability.Key light grid voltage
Contracting device, can be by the limit of nanosecond order light pulse compression and back femtosecond magnitude to compensate the pulse chirp caused by main stretcher
Pulsewidth.
The present invention has following innovative point：
The present invention eliminates the chirped pulse chirped amplification system of high-order dispersion, innovatively uses two sets of chirpeds
Device：A set of main chirped device is only used for femtosecond ultra-short pulse-width expansion being nanosecond long pulse, and is put in pulsed laser energy
After the completion of big, by the compression and back femtosecond ultrashort pulse with high fidelity of nanosecond long pulse, material in the main not responsible system of chirped device
The compensation of dispersion；Another set of auxiliary chirped device is then mainly used for the compensation of material dispersion in system, in addition, needing pulse net
Change in the case of promoting contrast ration, it can also be used to nonlinear pulse purification techniques.
The present invention has the following technical effects：
The innovative characteristics of the pulse chirped of the present invention and the phase separation of system material dispersion compensation so that remaining high-order
Dispersion reduces several orders of magnitude, it could even be possible to fully erased.The laser pulse phase spectrum of CPA outputs is flat, can obtain close
The pulse width of transform limit, can support the ultrashort superpower pulse amplifying of 15fs or less width, and promote output laser master pulse
The contrast of picosecond position before punching.The ultrashort and ultrahigh laser system for applying the 30fs magnitudes output of the present invention, can be existing defeated
On the basis of output capacity, further increasing for output peak power is obtained.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the common structure schematic diagram of ultra-short intense laser amplification system
Fig. 2 is influence of the fourth-order dispersion to Laser pulse compression
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram for the chirped pulse chirped amplification system that the present invention eliminates high-order dispersion.
Specific implementation mode
Shown in Fig. 3, the specific embodiment of the chirped pulse chirped amplification system of high-order dispersion is eliminated for the present invention
Structural schematic diagram.As seen from the figure, the chirped pulse chirped amplification system that the present invention eliminates high-order dispersion includes femtosecond pulse
Oscillation source 5, auxiliary stretcher 6, preamplifier 7, auxiliary compressor reducer 8, the first speculum 9, main grating stretcher 10, the second speculum
11, main amplifier 12, main gratings compressor 13 are constituted.
The light pulse that wherein femtosecond pulse oscillation source 5 exports has the characteristics that pulse width is extremely narrow, spectral width is wider.
In the present invention, which is used as seed source, can be Ti∶Sapphire laser femtosecond Mode-locked laser device, dye laser
The Mode-locked lasers device such as device, optical fiber mode locked laser.In the present embodiment, femtosecond pulse oscillation source 5 selects Ti∶Sapphire laser femtosecond
Mode-locked laser device, the centre wavelength 800nm of light pulse, spectral bandwidth 100nm, pulse width 10fs.
Wherein the characteristics of auxiliary stretcher 6, can be broadened Femtosecond Optical Pulses to picosecond to hundred picosecond magnitudes.In the present invention
In, can be that grating stretcher, fiber stretcher and prism equity dispersion element are constituted.In the present embodiment, auxiliary stretcher 6
Using grating stretcher, grating is 1200 lines/mm, 43 ° of optical pulse strikes angle, on centre wavelength diffraction light direction, image light
The total spacing 80cm of grid.The radius of concave mirror is 100cm, and the radius of convex mirror is 50cm, band logical 100nm.
Wherein the characteristics of preamplifier 7 is to provide preliminary amplification for pulse.Can be based on laser medium in the present invention,
Such as Ti∶Sapphire laser, laser amplification technique, can also be based on nonlinear crystal, such as bbo crystal, optically erasing skill
Art.In the present embodiment, preamplifier 7 uses titanium precious stone laser amplifying technique.
Wherein the characteristics of auxiliary compressor reducer 8 is the dispersion that can compensate for caused by auxiliary stretcher and system all material.At this
In invention, it can be made of gratings compressor or fiber compressor or prism equity dispersion element.In the present embodiment, auxiliary pressure
Contracting device 8 use gratings compressor, grating be 1200 lines/mm, about 45 ° of optical pulse strikes angle, on centre wavelength diffraction light direction,
The total spacing of parallel grating about 81cm.Band logical 100nm.
Wherein, the first speculum 9 and the characteristics of the second speculum 11 are that guiding light beam enters main stretcher.In the present embodiment
In, the first speculum 9 and the second speculum 11 all use silver mirror, can support the bandwidth of 100nm or more.
Wherein the characteristics of main grating stretcher 10 is that have big stretching capability, can measure optical pulse broadening to nanosecond
Grade.In the present embodiment, main grating stretcher 10 is adopted as 1400 lines/mm gratings, 50 ° of optical pulse strikes angle, in centre wavelength
On diffraction light direction, the total spacing 160cm of image grating..The radius of concave mirror is 120cm, and the radius of convex mirror is 60cm, band logical
100nm.2ns can be broadened
Wherein the characteristics of main amplifier 12 is to provide energy amplification for pulse.Can be based on laser medium in the present invention,
Such as Ti∶Sapphire laser, laser amplification technique, can also be based on nonlinear crystal, such as bbo crystal, optically erasing skill
Art.In the present embodiment, it is possible to which measuring amplifier 12 uses titanium precious stone laser amplifying technique.
Wherein the characteristics of main gratings compressor 13 is the compressor reducer with big compressed capability based on grating, can be with
The pulse chirp caused by main stretcher is compensated, by the extreme pulse widths of nanosecond order light pulse compression and back femtosecond magnitude.In this reality
It applies in example, it is 1480 lines/mm, 50 ° of optical pulse strikes angle, in centre wavelength diffraction that auxiliary compressor reducer 8, which uses gratings compressor, grating,
On light direction, parallel grating total spacing 160cm, band logical 100nm.
The course of work of the present embodiment is as follows：
（1）Femtosecond pulse oscillation source 5 generates 800nm wave bands, and single pulse width reaches the ultrashort mode locking pulse light of 10fs
Beam；
（2）The ultrashort pulsed beam enters auxiliary stretcher 6, and 20ps is arrived in broadening, and the short pulse after broadening enters preposition amplification
Device 7.Preamplifier 7 operates, and after energy is amplified to micro- joule of magnitude, light pulse enters auxiliary compressor reducer 8.
（3）Light pulse is directly entered main amplifier 12 after auxiliary compressor reducer 8.In main amplifier 12（It need not operate）Afterwards
Measure light impulse length.Using the result of the measurement as foundation, the incidence angle and grating space of auxiliary compressor reducer 8 are adjusted, pulse is reached
Width is most short, realizes system dispersion compensation.
（4）By in the light path before the first speculum 9 insertion main amplifier 12, light beam is guided into main grating stretcher 10.
Under the action of grating stretcher 10, pulse is broadened to 2ns.The Long Pulse LASER of 2ns leads back master by the second speculum 11 and puts
Big device 12.
（5）Main amplifier 12 operates, and the energy of light pulse is amplified to>Energy more than erg-ten.
（6）Amplified pulse enters main compressor reducer 13.Light impulse length is measured after main compressor reducer 13.With the measurement
As a result it is foundation, adjusts the incidence angle and grating space of main compressor reducer 13, it is most short to reach pulse width, realizes main stretcher dispersion
Compensation.
Such device can obtain the pulse width output of nearly transform limit, can generate by meticulously debugging
15fs superpower ultrashort light pulses below.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of chirped pulse chirped amplification system for eliminating high-order dispersion, including femtosecond pulse oscillation source, key light grid exhibition
Wide device, main amplifier and main gratings compressor, it is characterised in that the system further includes auxiliary stretcher, auxiliary compressor reducer, preposition amplification
Device, the first speculum and the second speculum, the relative position relation of the component are as follows：
The femtosecond ultrashort pulse that femtosecond pulse oscillation source generates through the described auxiliary stretcher broadening at short pulse, the short pulse into
Enter the tentatively amplified short pulse of preamplifier and is partially compressed back hundred femtosecond arteries and veins into the auxiliary compressor reducer
Punching, which broadens into the main grating stretcher to long pulse under the guiding of the first speculum, second
Enter the main amplifier under the guiding of speculum and realizes that energy amplification, the amplified long pulse of the energy enter the master
Gratings compressor is compacted into the ultrashort pulse of femtosecond magnitude；
The short pulse refers to picosecond to the light pulse of hundred picosecond magnitudes, and the long pulse is the light pulse of nanosecond order,
The compensation of material dispersion in the main grating stretcher and the not responsible system of main gratings compressor；The auxiliary stretcher and auxiliary
Compensation of the compressor reducer for material dispersion in system.
2. the chirped pulse chirped amplification system according to claim 1 for eliminating high-order dispersion, it is characterised in that institute
The femtosecond pulse oscillation source stated is Ti∶Sapphire laser femtosecond Mode-locked laser device, dye laser or optical fiber mode locked laser.
3. the chirped pulse chirped amplification system according to claim 1 for eliminating high-order dispersion, it is characterised in that institute
The auxiliary compressor reducer stated is made of dispersion element gratings compressor or fiber compressor or prism.
4. the chirped pulse chirped amplification system according to claim 1 for eliminating high-order dispersion, it is characterised in that institute
The preamplifier and main amplifier stated are the laser amplifier based on laser medium, or the optical parameter based on nonlinear crystal
Amplifier.
5. the chirped pulse chirped amplification system according to claim 1 for eliminating high-order dispersion, it is characterised in that institute
Based on the main gratings compressor stated is using grating, the compressor reducer with big compressed capability.
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| CN104868346A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-26 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Imaging device and ultra-short pulse sequence generation method |
| CN105428984A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-23 | 上海交通大学 | Quasi-parametric chirped pulse amplifier |
| FR3061366B1 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2019-04-05 | Thales | AMPLIFIER CHAIN WITH FREQUENCY DERIVATIVE AND MULTIPLE OUTPUTS |
| CN106972341B (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2019-02-26 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | The grating stretching compressibility of stretcher built-in optical plate |
| CN111509549B (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-07-06 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | High-peak power femtosecond laser negative/positive chirp pulse cascade amplification system |
| CN111555101A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-08-18 | 中国科学技术大学 | Device for generating laser pulse train with adjustable frequency chirp |
| CN111934176A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-13 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | Few-cycle-magnitude high-energy femtosecond pulse generation device and application |
| CN114389133A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-04-22 | 广东利元亨智能装备股份有限公司 | Chirp pulse amplification method, laser processing apparatus, and storage medium |
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