CN111555101A - Device for generating laser pulse train with adjustable frequency chirp - Google Patents
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
- H01S3/0057—Temporal shaping, e.g. pulse compression, frequency chirping
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for generating a laser pulse train with adjustable frequency chirp, which comprises: the system comprises an initial laser widening unit, a chirp control unit and a laser beating unit; wherein: the initial laser widening unit comprises: a laser and a stretcher, wherein the stretcher comprises: the device comprises a first beam splitter, a first dispersion medium and a first reflection module; the chirp control unit includes: a second dispersion medium and a second reflection module; the laser beat frequency unit includes: a second beam splitter and a mirror. The terahertz radiation source with tunable center frequency and chirp in a large range can be effectively generated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrafast lasers, in particular to a device for generating a laser pulse train with adjustable frequency chirp.
Background
At present, terahertz waves have wide application prospects in multiple fields of physics, life science, material science, imaging technology, communication technology, national security and the like, and are generally concerned by domestic and foreign scientists.
Terahertz light sources with narrow bandwidths have been successfully applied to quantum materials to realize the ratiometric oscillation, which can convert the quantum materials from an initial state to an arbitrary final state in principle. The adiabatic fast channel technology utilizes the optical pulse with the frequency chirp characteristic (namely the instantaneous frequency coverage of the optical pulse at different longitudinal positions is far lower than the resonance frequency between two quantum states to be far higher than the resonance frequency) to carry out coherent control on a quantum system, so that the layout transfer efficiency and the stability between the quantum states can be greatly improved. The technology has been successful in the optical band, but is not applied to the terahertz band due to the lack of a corresponding terahertz radiation source.
The laser pulse train modulated longitudinally and periodically can be used for generating narrow-bandwidth terahertz radiation pulses, but the existing laser pulse accumulation scheme and the laser pulse beat frequency technical scheme can only generate uniform laser pulse trains with invariable instantaneous laser pulse modulation frequency, and the generated terahertz radiation source does not have the frequency chirp performance. In order to obtain a terahertz radiation source with frequency chirp characteristics, researchers propose to generate a terahertz radiation source with controllable chirp by performing beat frequency by using nonlinear chirped laser pulses. According to the scheme, the incidence angle of the laser pulse entering the laser pulse stretcher based on the grating pair is set, so that third-order dispersion introduced by the grating in the pulse stretcher is larger, and the nonlinear chirped laser pulse is obtained; the generated nonlinear chirped laser pulse is subjected to laser pulse beating to obtain a frequency-chirped laser pulse string, and then a corresponding radiation medium is excited to obtain a frequency-chirped controllable terahertz radiation source; and the adjustment of the frequency chirp is realized by controlling the angle. Because the angle of the laser pulse incident to the grating is large, the laser pulse can hardly pass through the grating-based laser pulse stretcher without obstruction, and the adjusting range of the terahertz radiation frequency chirp generated by the grating-based laser pulse stretcher is limited.
Therefore, how to effectively generate a terahertz radiation source with tunable center frequency and chirp in a large range is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a device for generating a frequency-chirp-adjustable laser pulse train, which can effectively generate a terahertz radiation source with a tunable center frequency and a tunable chirp-wide range.
The invention provides a device for generating a laser pulse train with adjustable frequency chirp, which comprises: the system comprises an initial laser widening unit, a chirp control unit and a laser beating unit; wherein: the initial laser widening unit includes: a laser and a stretcher, wherein the stretcher comprises: the device comprises a first beam splitter, a first dispersion medium and a first reflection module; the chirp control unit includes: a second dispersion medium and a second reflection module; the laser beat frequency unit includes: a second beam splitter and a reflector; wherein:
ultrashort femtosecond pulses generated by the laser enter the first dispersion medium after passing through the first beam splitter, and then form chirp broadening pulses through the first reflection module;
and after the chirped stretched pulses pass through the second beam splitter, two beams of chirped stretched pulses are formed, wherein one beam of chirped stretched pulses enters the second dispersive medium and then is reflected back to the second beam splitter through the second reflection module, the other beam of chirped stretched pulses is reflected back to the second beam splitter through the reflector, and the two beams of chirped stretched pulses returning to the second beam splitter are overlapped for beat frequency to generate a laser pulse string with adjustable frequency chirp.
Preferably, the first beam splitter is a transmission/reflection mirror.
Preferably, the first dispersion medium is a first grating pair.
Preferably, the second dispersion medium is a second grating pair.
Preferably, one surface of the transmission/reflection mirror facing the laser source is totally transmissive, and the other surface is totally reflective.
Preferably, the grating constant of the first grating pair is 1200mm-1The laser incidence angle is 57 degrees, and the grating pair spacing is 6 cm.
Preferably, the grating constant of the second grating pair is 300mm-1The laser incidence angle is 21 degrees, and the grating pair interval can be adjusted.
Preferably, the second beam splitter is a half-mirror with a ratio of T: R of 50% to 50%.
Preferably, the ultrashort femtosecond pulses are gaussian laser pulses at the fourier transform limit.
Preferably, the fourier transform limited gaussian laser pulse has a length of 40 fs.
In summary, the present invention discloses an apparatus for generating a laser pulse train with adjustable frequency chirp, which includes: the system comprises an initial laser widening unit, a chirp control unit and a laser beating unit; wherein: the initial laser widening unit comprises: a laser and a stretcher, wherein the stretcher comprises: the device comprises a first beam splitter, a first dispersion medium and a first reflection module; the chirp control unit includes: a second dispersion medium and a second reflection module; the laser beat frequency unit includes: a second beam splitter and a reflector; wherein: ultrashort femtosecond pulses generated by a laser enter a first dispersion medium after passing through a first beam splitter, and then chirp broadening pulses are formed through a first reflection module; and after the chirped stretched pulse passes through the second beam splitter, two beams of chirped stretched pulses are formed, wherein one beam of chirped stretched pulse enters the second dispersive medium and is then reflected back to the second beam splitter through the second reflection module, the other beam of chirped stretched pulse is reflected back to the second beam splitter through the reflector, and the two beams of chirped stretched pulses returning to the second beam splitter are overlapped to carry out beat frequency, so that a laser pulse string with adjustable frequency chirp is generated. The terahertz radiation source with tunable center frequency and chirp in a large range can be effectively generated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for generating a laser pulse train with tunable frequency chirp according to the present invention;
FIG. 2(a) is a graph showing the distribution of normalized laser intensity and intensity modulation frequency at different time intervals according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 2(b) is a graph showing the distribution of normalized laser intensity and intensity modulation frequency at different time intervals according to the disclosure;
FIG. 2(c) is a graph showing normalized laser intensity and intensity modulation frequency distribution at different time intervals according to the disclosure;
FIG. 3(a) is a diagram illustrating the distribution of normalized laser intensity and intensity modulation frequency at different grating pair intervals according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 3(b) is a diagram illustrating normalized laser intensity and intensity modulation frequency distribution at different grating pair intervals according to the disclosure;
fig. 3(c) is a diagram illustrating the distribution of normalized laser intensity and intensity modulation frequency at different grating pair intervals according to the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an apparatus for generating a laser pulse train with adjustable frequency chirp disclosed by the present invention includes: the laser stretching device comprises an initial laser stretching unit 100, a chirp control unit 200 and a laser beat frequency unit 300; wherein: the initial laser widening unit 100 includes: laser 110 and stretcher 120, wherein stretcher 120 includes: a first beam splitter 121, a first dispersion medium 122, and a first reflection module 123; the chirp control unit 200 includes: a second dispersion medium 220 and a second reflection module 210; the laser beat unit 300 includes: a second beam splitter 310 and a mirror 320; wherein:
ultrashort femtosecond pulses generated by the laser 110 enter the first dispersion medium 122 after passing through the first beam splitter 121, and then form chirped stretched pulses through the first reflection module 123;
after the chirped stretched pulses pass through the second beam splitter 310, two chirped stretched pulses are formed, wherein one chirped stretched pulse enters the second dispersive medium 220, and then is reflected back to the second beam splitter 310 through the second reflection module 210, the other chirped stretched pulse is reflected back to the second beam splitter 310 through the reflection mirror 320, and the two chirped stretched pulses returning to the second beam splitter 310 are overlapped to perform beat frequency, so that a laser pulse train with adjustable frequency chirp is generated.
The working principle of the device for generating the laser pulse train with adjustable frequency chirp disclosed by the embodiment is as follows: when a terahertz radiation source with tunable center frequency and chirp wide range needs to be generated, firstly, ultrashort femtosecond pulses generated by a laser 110 in an initial laser broadening unit 100 pass through a first beam splitter 121 in a broadening device 120 and then enter a first dispersion medium 122, then chirp broadening pulses are formed through a first reflection module 123, the chirp broadening pulses transmitted back by the first reflection module 123 are sent to a second beam splitter 310 by the first beam splitter 121, the chirp broadening pulses are split by the second beam splitter 310 to form two beams of chirp broadening pulses, wherein one beam of chirp broadening pulses enters a second dispersion medium 220 and then is reflected back to the second beam splitter 310 through a second reflection module 210, the other beam of chirp broadening pulses is reflected back to the second beam splitter 310 through a reflection mirror 320, and the two beams of chirp broadening pulses returning to the second beam splitter 310 are overlapped for beat frequency, and generating the laser pulse train with adjustable frequency chirp.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, the laser emits a gaussian laser pulse with fourier transform limit, and the electric field can be expressed as:
wherein σ0Is the laser pulse width, omega0The central angular frequency. When the laser pulse enters the stretcher, it will be subjected to frequency-dependent phase modulation, and taylor expansion can be performed to obtain:
ignoring the higher order terms, the pulse after the stretcher will form a linear frequency chirp, and the pulse width will be stretched to σ1It can be expressed as:
wherein,
is the chirp parameter. The pulse after the stretcher is divided into two beams by a second beam splitter, wherein one beam enters a chirp control unit, and the obtained laser pulse electric field can be expressed as:
when in use
In this case, the central modulation frequency and the chirp rate of the laser pulse train formed after modulation can be expressed as:
from this, it can be seen that continuous adjustment of the center frequency can be achieved by controlling the time delay τ formed by the mirrors; at the same time, the space D of the grating pair in the chirp control unit is controlled to realize
Thereby realizing continuous control of the chirp rate of the burst modulation frequency.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, the first beam splitter may be a transmission/reflection mirror.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, the first dispersion medium may be a first grating pair composed of two parallel gratings.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, the grating constant of the first grating pair may be 1200mm-1The laser incidence angle may be 57 °, and the grating pair spacing may be 6 cm.
Specifically, in the above-described embodiment, the second dispersion medium may be a second grating pair composed of two parallel gratings.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, the grating constant of the second grating pair may be 300mm-1The laser incidence angle can be 21 degrees, and the grating pair interval can be adjusted.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, one surface of the transmission/reflection mirror facing the laser light source is totally transmissive, and the other surface is totally reflective.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, the second beam splitter may be a half mirror with T: R being 50% and 50%.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, the ultra-short femtosecond pulse is a gaussian laser pulse at the fourier transform limit.
Specifically, in the above-described embodiment, the length of the gaussian laser pulse of the fourier transform limit is 40 fs.
To further illustrate the technical effects of the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description is made with specific test results:
fig. 2(a) is a graph showing the distribution of laser intensity and intensity modulation frequency in time when the time interval τ obtained by the mirror is 1ps when the second grating pair interval D in the chirp control unit is 44 mm; wherein: the length of an initial laser pulse generated by a laser is 40 fs; the grating constant of the first grating pair is 1200mm-1The laser incidence angle is 57 degrees, and the grating pair interval is 6 cm; the grating constant of the second grating pair is 300mm-1Laser, laserThe light incidence angle was 21 °.
Fig. 2(b) shows the distribution of the laser intensity and the intensity modulation frequency in time when the time interval τ obtained by the mirror is 2ps when the second grating pair interval D in the chirp control unit is 44 mm; wherein: the length of an initial laser pulse generated by a laser is 40 fs; the grating constant of the first grating pair is 1200mm-1The laser incidence angle is 57 degrees, and the grating pair interval is 6 cm; the grating constant of the second grating pair is 300mm-1The laser incidence angle was 21 °.
Fig. 2(c) shows the distribution of the laser intensity and the intensity modulation frequency in time when the time interval τ obtained by the mirror is 3ps when the second grating pair interval D in the chirp control unit is 44 mm; wherein: the length of an initial laser pulse generated by a laser is 40 fs; the grating constant of the first grating pair is 1200mm-1The laser incidence angle is 57 degrees, and the grating pair interval is 6 cm; the grating constant of the second grating pair is 300mm-1The laser incidence angle was 21 °.
Fig. 3(a) shows the distribution of laser intensity and laser intensity modulation frequency in time when the time interval τ of two chirped stretched pulses is 3ps and the second grating pair interval D is 0mm, where the center frequencies are both: 3.0THz, covering the frequency range: the chirp is avoided, and the initial laser pulse length generated by the laser is 40 fs; the grating constant of the first grating pair is 1200mm-1The laser incidence angle is 57 degrees, and the grating pair interval is 6 cm; the grating constant of the second grating pair is 300mm-1The laser incidence angle was 21 °.
Fig. 3(b) shows the distribution of laser intensity and laser intensity modulation frequency in time when the time interval τ of two chirped stretched pulses is 3ps and the second grating pair interval D is 44mm, where the center frequencies are both: 3.0THz, covering the frequency range: 2.2-3.6THz, and the length of the initial laser pulse generated by the laser is 40 fs; the grating constant of the first grating pair is 1200mm-1The laser incidence angle is 57 degrees, and the grating pair interval is 6 cm; the grating constant of the second grating pair is 300mm-1The laser incidence angle was 21 °.
FIG. 3(c) shows the time interval τ of two chirped stretched pulses being 3psAnd when the second grating pair interval D is 96mm, the laser intensity and the laser intensity modulation frequency are distributed in time, wherein the center frequencies are both: 3.0THz, covering the frequency range: 1.2-4.5THz, and the length of the initial laser pulse generated by the laser is 40 fs; the grating constant of the first grating pair is 1200mm-1The laser incidence angle is 57 degrees, and the grating pair interval is 6 cm; the grating constant of the second grating pair is 300mm-1The laser incidence angle was 21 °.
The laser pulse train formed by the invention can directly excite a radiation medium (such as a photoconductive antenna) to generate a corresponding terahertz radiation source; the laser pulse train can also be used for modulating electron beams generated in various accelerator devices, and a corresponding high-power terahertz radiation source is obtained through mechanisms such as synchrotron radiation and the like; in addition, the terahertz radiation source can also be applied to a terahertz radiation source based on the laser plasma principle.
In conclusion, the invention realizes the generation of the laser pulse train with adjustable frequency chirp, the central frequency and the chirp quantity can be continuously adjusted in a large range, the optical path is simple, the transmission of the laser pulse is not influenced, the application range of the generated laser pulse train is wide, and the laser pulse train can be used for the generation of terahertz radiation sources in the fields of optics, accelerators and the like.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for generating a frequency chirp tunable laser pulse train, comprising: the system comprises an initial laser widening unit, a chirp control unit and a laser beating unit; wherein: the initial laser widening unit includes: a laser and a stretcher, wherein the stretcher comprises: the device comprises a first beam splitter, a first dispersion medium and a first reflection module; the chirp control unit includes: a second dispersion medium and a second reflection module; the laser beat frequency unit includes: a second beam splitter and a reflector; wherein:
ultrashort femtosecond pulses generated by the laser enter the first dispersion medium after passing through the first beam splitter, and then form chirp broadening pulses through the first reflection module;
and after the chirped stretched pulses pass through the second beam splitter, two beams of chirped stretched pulses are formed, wherein one beam of chirped stretched pulses enters the second dispersive medium and then is reflected back to the second beam splitter through the second reflection module, the other beam of chirped stretched pulses is reflected back to the second beam splitter through the reflector, and the two beams of chirped stretched pulses returning to the second beam splitter are overlapped for beat frequency to generate a laser pulse string with adjustable frequency chirp.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first beam splitter is a transmission/reflection mirror.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first dispersive medium is a first grating pair.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the second dispersive medium is a second grating pair.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the transmission/reflection mirror is totally transmissive on one side and totally reflective on the other side.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the grating constant of the first grating pair is 1200mm-1The laser incidence angle is 57 degrees, and the grating pair spacing is 6 cm.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the grating constant of the second grating pair is 300mm-1The laser incidence angle is 21 degrees, and the grating pair interval can be adjusted.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the second beam splitter is a half mirror with T: R: 50% and 50% half mirror.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the ultrashort femtosecond pulses are gaussian laser pulses at fourier transform limit.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the fourier transform limited gaussian laser pulse has a length of 40 fs.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN117578164A (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-02-20 | 清华大学 | Laser tuning method and system based on plasma |
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Application publication date: 20200818 |