CN103867625B - Rope type self-reset shape memory alloy seismic isolation and seismic reduction support - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rope-type self-resetting shape-memory alloy shock-absorbing and shock-absorbing support, which belongs to the technical field of building structures and mechanical engineering. On the basis of the original structure, a transverse anti-seismic cylinder (1) and a transverse anti-seismic slideway ( 2), connecting rod (3), vertical anti-seismic cylinder (4), vertical anti-seismic piston (5), common bias spring (6), horizontal anti-seismic alloy wire rope (7), vertical anti-seismic alloy wire rope ( 9) and fixed column (13). The invention not only has the self-resetting ability in the vertical direction, but also has the self-resetting ability in the horizontal direction, and the reasonable combination of the two can improve the energy dissipation stability of the multi-directional shock isolation and shock absorption of the support, and achieve multiple At the same time, the invention has a wide range of uses, and can be used alone as a tension-compression damper or a shear damper, and has broad market prospects.

Description

A rope-type self-resetting shape memory alloy shock-isolation and shock-absorbing support

technical field

The invention relates to a shock-isolation and shock-absorbing support, in particular to a rope-type self-resetting shape-memory alloy shock-isolation and shock-absorbing support, which belongs to the technical fields of building structures and mechanical engineering.

Background technique

In recent years, shock-isolation and shock-absorbing bearings have been widely used in various important symbolic structural fields such as construction, machinery, aerospace, transportation, and sports equipment. The materials and design technologies selected for such high-performance bearings and manufacturing processes are critical.

For vibration-isolation and shock-absorbing bearings, the forms adopted at home and abroad can be divided into two categories: rubber bearings and sliding vibration-isolation bearings. Among them, the natural interlayer rubber bearing has a large vertical stiffness, and the vertical deformation is small when bearing the weight of the building. The damping of the interlayer rubber bearing is very small and does not have sufficient energy dissipation capacity, so it is generally used in combination with other dampers or energy dissipation equipment in structural use. Although the lead core isolation rubber bearing with better development prospects has a relatively ideal vertical stiffness and has a certain ability to consume earthquake energy, its safety, durability and long-term stability need to be improved, especially after the earthquake. The structural reset ability is very poor; the sliding seismic isolation bearing can effectively limit the transmission of seismic energy to the upper part and the feedback to the lower part through relative sliding motion and friction energy consumption. This method is reliable in force, and the construction is not difficult. The problem of rust prevention and damage replacement of parts, but its biggest shortcoming is that an additional reset mechanism is required, otherwise the structure cannot be reset after the earthquake.

It can be seen from the above that, as an important parameter of seismic isolation and shock absorbing bearings, the strength of its damping energy dissipation characteristics and recoverable deformation capacity has always been a difficult point in the field of earthquake resistance of engineering structures. At the same time, some existing bearings in engineering are in There are some limitations in the application: such as aging and durability issues, long-term work reliability, renewal and replacement issues after strong earthquakes, and failure to restore after strong earthquakes, etc. Therefore, the lead core vibration-isolation rubber bearing Or use new materials to reinforce the rear support, natural interlayer vibration-isolation rubber bearing, simple ordinary metal bearing and sliding bearing and other traditional vibration-isolation and vibration-absorbing methods are difficult to achieve multi-directional intelligent self-resetting vibration-isolation and vibration control .

The Chinese patent "Hybrid Shape Memory Alloy Damper" announced on July 11, 2007 (patent number: ZL200620200532.0, announcement number: CN2921137Y), the Chinese patent "Self-resetting superelastic shape memory" announced on February 27, 2008 Alloy damper' (patent number: ZL200720011605.6, announcement number: CN201027352Y), the Chinese patent "multi-dimensional superelastic shape memory alloy damper" announced on April 23, 2008 (patent number: ZL200720011607.5, announcement number: CN201050121Y ), the Chinese patent "Shape Memory Alloy Self-resetting Deformation Energy Dissipating Damper" published on February 24, 2010 (patent number: ZL200910011327.8, publication number: CN101654935AY), and the Chinese patent " The new materials used in dampers such as "multi-directional six-round cylindrical shape memory alloy damper" (application number: 201110318312.3, publication number: CN102505768A) are shape memory alloys,

At present, in order to avoid the limitations in the application of this type of support, one of the solutions is to find new materials for redesign. The Chinese patent "A kind of vibration damping device for engineering structures" published on April 14, 2010 Nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy" (patent number: ZL200910036260, announcement number: CN101693964, the new material used in the technical proposal is a nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy, which has a simple structure and remarkable shock resistance, but its scope of application is narrow and its cost is too high. Gao; the Chinese patent "Intelligent shock-isolation and shock-absorbing nickel-titanium alloy support for large-span space structure (grid frame)" announced on March 20, 2013 (patent number: ZL201210562576, announcement number: CN102979181), the device The material used is also a nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy, which only has the self-resetting ability in the vertical direction, so it cannot achieve multi-directional shock isolation and shock absorption, and the use is relatively single, and there is no wide market.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a rope-type self-resetting shape memory alloy shock-absorbing support, which has a simple structure and has self-resetting capability in the vertical direction as well as self-resetting in the lateral direction. ability, and the reasonable combination of the two improves the energy dissipation stability of the multi-directional shock isolation and shock absorption of the support, and at the same time achieves multi-directional shock isolation and shock absorption; and has a wide range of uses, it can be used alone as a tensile and compressive damper , and can be used alone as a shear damper.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a rope-type self-resetting shape memory alloy shock-absorbing support, which includes a vertical anti-vibration cylinder, a vertical anti-vibration piston and a common bias spring. The bottom is welded with a mounting flange, and the vertical anti-seismic piston and ordinary bias spring are arranged in the vertical anti-seismic cylinder;

On the basis of the above structure, the structure adds a horizontal anti-seismic cylinder, a horizontal anti-seismic slideway, a connecting rod, a horizontal anti-seismic alloy wire rope, a vertical anti-seismic alloy wire rope and a fixed column;

Among them, the horizontal anti-seismic slideway is cup-shaped, with a fixed column installed in the center, a circular baffle plate welded above the fixed column, a horizontal anti-seismic cylinder sleeve on the outside of the fixed column, and a connecting flange welded above the horizontal anti-seismic cylinder. The inner diameter of the connecting flange is smaller than the diameter of the circular baffle. At the same time, the transverse anti-seismic cylinder and the fixed column are connected by multiple transverse anti-seismic alloy wire ropes. The transverse anti-seismic alloy wire ropes are evenly arranged along the outer diameter of the fixed column. One end of the wire rope is fixed on the fixed column through the movable chuck, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder through the fixed chuck;

The connecting rod is welded to the bottom of the horizontal anti-seismic slideway, and passes through the round hole on the vertical anti-seismic cylinder to connect with the vertical anti-seismic piston. The upper and lower sides of the vertical anti-seismic piston are connected to the vertical The upper and lower cylinder heads of the anti-seismic cylinder are connected. There are multiple vertical anti-seismic alloy wire ropes, which are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the vertical anti-seismic cylinder. One end of each vertical anti-seismic alloy wire rope is fixed on the vertical One side of the anti-seismic piston, and the other end is connected to one side of the cylinder head with a fixed chuck; one end of the common bias spring is set at the lower end of the vertical anti-seismic piston, and the other end is set at the inner bottom surface of the vertical anti-seismic cylinder.

Further, there are three transverse anti-seismic alloy wire ropes, which are evenly arranged along the outer diameter circumference of the fixed column.

Further, five transverse anti-seismic alloy wire ropes are arranged evenly along the outer diameter circumference of the fixed column.

Further, there are four transverse anti-seismic alloy wire ropes, which are evenly arranged along the outer diameter circumference of the fixed column.

Further, six transverse anti-seismic alloy wire ropes are arranged evenly along the outer diameter circumference of the fixed column.

Further, the inner wall of the vertical anti-vibration cylinder and the installation position of the corresponding vertical anti-vibration piston are uniformly arranged with a plurality of raised directional smooth slideways along the circumference.

Further, it also includes a universal pulley, and there are multiple universal pulleys, which are evenly distributed and fixedly installed on the lowermost cross-section of the transverse anti-seismic cylinder.

Compared with the existing shock-proof and shock-absorbing bearings, the present invention designs a horizontal anti-seismic device and a vertical anti-seismic device in the support at the same time, and the transverse vibration wave in the support is transmitted from the fixed column to the horizontal anti-seismic device through a plurality of transverse anti-seismic alloy wire ropes. On the cylinder, during the reciprocating translational movement of the transverse anti-seismic cylinder, multiple transverse anti-seismic alloy wire ropes are stretched and retracted alternately, providing a large hysteretic energy consumption and restoring force; at the same time, the vertical shock wave will The vertical anti-seismic alloy wire rope is transmitted from the cylinder head of the vertical anti-seismic cylinder to the vertical anti-seismic piston, and the vertical anti-seismic piston is reciprocating and moving up and down, two sets of vertical anti-seismic alloy wire ropes and ordinary The bias springs are stretched and retracted alternately, so that the vertical anti-seismic alloy wire rope and the ordinary bias spring consume a large amount of vibration energy in the process of superelasticity and elastic deformation, accompanied by sufficient recovery force. In this way, multi-directional shock isolation and shock absorption are achieved, and while the original structure has the self-resetting ability in the vertical direction, it also has the self-resetting ability in the horizontal direction; at the same time, the shock-isolation and shock-absorbing support of this patent can be used in construction In the structure, it can also be used alone as a tensile and compressive damper, and can also be used alone as a shear damper, which has broad market prospects.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the A-A section in Figure 1:

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a transverse anti-seismic cylinder;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a lateral anti-seismic slideway;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a vertical anti-seismic piston;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a vertical anti-seismic cylinder;

Fig. 7 is the test data figure that the present invention carries out uniaxial tensile test on the universal testing machine platform;

Fig. 8 is the test data figure that the present invention carries out unidirectional torsion test on universal testing machine platform;

Fig. 9 is the test data figure that the present invention carries out the pull torsion combination test on the universal testing machine platform;

Fig. 10 is the graph between the strain of Nitinol wire tensile test and restoring force;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a multi-directional shock wave stress response situation where a common damper and the damper of the present invention are respectively installed at an anti-seismic support of a certain structure;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the displacement response of a multi-directional shock wave to a multi-directional shock wave when the ordinary damper and the damper of the present invention are respectively installed on the anti-seismic support of a certain structure.

In the figure: 1. Horizontal anti-seismic cylinder, 2. Horizontal anti-seismic slideway, 3. Connecting rod, 4. Vertical anti-seismic cylinder, 5. Vertical anti-seismic piston, 6. Ordinary bias spring, 7. Transverse anti-seismic alloy wire Rope, 8, vertical anti-seismic alloy wire rope, 9, universal pulley, 10, fixed chuck, 11, movable chuck, 12, directional smooth slideway, 13, fixed column, 14, fixed flange, 15, block plate.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

As shown in Figure 1, a rope-type self-resetting shape memory alloy shock-absorbing support includes a vertical anti-vibration cylinder 4, a vertical anti-vibration piston 5 and a common bias spring 6, as shown in Figure 6, the vertical The top of the anti-seismic cylinder 4 has a circular through hole, and the bottom is welded with a fixed flange 14. As shown in Figure 5, the vertical anti-seismic piston 5 is a original plate with a circle of circular through holes, and is set with the common bias spring 6. In the vertical anti-vibration cylinder 4;

On the basis of the above, it includes a horizontal anti-seismic cylinder 1, a horizontal anti-seismic slideway 2, a connecting rod 3, a vertical anti-seismic cylinder 4, a vertical anti-seismic piston 5, an ordinary bias spring 6, a horizontal anti-seismic alloy wire rope 7, a vertical Anti-seismic alloy wire rope 9 and fixed column 13;

Wherein, as shown in Fig. 4, the transverse anti-seismic slideway 2 is cup-shaped, and a fixed column 13 is installed in the center, and a circular baffle 15 is welded above the fixed column 13, and the transverse anti-seismic cylinder 1 is set on the outside of the fixed column 13, As shown in Figure 3, a connecting flange is welded above the transverse anti-seismic cylinder 1, the inner diameter of the connecting flange is smaller than the diameter of the circular baffle 15, and the transverse anti-seismic cylinder 1 and the fixed column 13 are connected by multiple transverse anti-seismic alloy wire ropes 7 , the transverse anti-seismic alloy wire rope 7 is evenly arranged along the outer diameter circumference of the fixed column 13, one end of each transverse anti-seismic alloy wire rope 7 is fixed on the fixed column 13 through the movable chuck 11, and the other end is connected to the cylinder barrel through the fixed chuck 10 at the inner cylinder wall;

The connecting rod 3 is welded to the bottom of the horizontal anti-seismic slideway 2, and passes through the round hole on the vertical anti-seismic cylinder 4 to connect with the vertical anti-seismic piston 5. The wire rope 8 is connected with the upper and lower cylinder heads of the vertical anti-seismic cylinder 4. There are multiple vertical anti-seismic alloy wire ropes 8, which are evenly distributed along the inner wall circumference of the vertical anti-seismic cylinder 4. Each vertical anti-seismic alloy wire rope One end of 8 is fixed on one side of the piston by movable chuck 11, and the other end is connected to one side of cylinder head by fixed chuck 10; In the bottom surface of the vertical anti-vibration cylinder 4.

As a further improvement of the present invention, three or five transverse anti-seismic alloy wire ropes 7 are arranged evenly along the circumference of the outer diameter of the fixed column 13 . In the above design, the connecting line between the transverse anti-seismic alloy wire rope 7 and the connection point of the fixed column 13 is a polygon with a base number side, thereby playing a stable role. Similarly, there are four transverse anti-seismic alloy wire ropes 7, or six. The symmetrical distribution of the transverse anti-seismic alloy wire ropes 7 also plays a stable role.

As a further improvement of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, the inner wall of the vertical anti-vibration cylinder 4 and the installation position of the corresponding vertical anti-vibration piston 5 are evenly arranged along the circumference of a plurality of raised directional smooth slideways 12, which limits the vertical The anti-seismic piston 5 rotates on a fixed axis in the vertical anti-vibration cylinder 4, so that the vertical anti-seismic piston 5 can only do reciprocating translational movement in the vertical anti-seismic cylinder 4 along the slideway direction, thereby enhancing the effect of shock absorption.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the device also includes a universal pulley 9. There are multiple universal pulleys 9, which are evenly distributed and fixedly installed on the lowermost cross section of the transverse anti-seismic cylinder 1, so as to ensure that the transverse anti-seismic cylinder Tube 1 makes reciprocating translational movement more smoothly.

During the working process, when vibration is received, the lateral vibration wave of the support is transmitted from the fixed column 13 to the horizontal anti-seismic cylinder 1 through a plurality of transverse anti-seismic alloy wire ropes 7. The horizontal anti-seismic alloy wire rope 7 is stretched and retracted alternately, which provides a large hysteretic energy consumption and restoring force; at the same time, the vertical shock wave will pass through the vertical anti-seismic alloy wire rope 8 from the vertical anti-seismic cylinder 4 The cylinder head is transmitted to the vertical anti-seismic piston 5, and the vertical anti-seismic piston 5 is in the reciprocating up and down translation motion, and the two groups of vertical anti-seismic alloy wire ropes 8 and ordinary bias springs 6 arranged symmetrically up and down are stretched and rotated alternately. The retraction deformation makes the vertical anti-seismic alloy wire rope 8 and the ordinary bias spring 6 consume a large amount of vibration energy during the process of superelasticity and elastic deformation, accompanied by sufficient recovery force,

Experiment 1:

Install the above-mentioned rope-type self-resetting shape memory alloy shock-absorbing support on the universal testing machine, and perform three types of simple loading and unloading tests: one is the unidirectional tension and compression test, the test data (as shown in Figure 7); The second is the unidirectional shear test, the test data (as shown in Figure 8); the third is the tensile-shear combination test, the test data (as shown in Figure 9). Figures 7-9 show the relation curves between the external load and the displacement of the support of the present invention under loading and unloading conditions. It can be seen from Figures 7 to 9 that due to the influence of loading and unloading cyclic loads, the external force-displacement curve of the support obviously presents a typical hysteresis closed curve (hysteresis loop), but the curve is under loading/unloading The process did not show an obvious (stress) stress plateau. The reason is that only a small part of the alloy wire in the support has undergone a martensitic transformation, while most of the material is still in a state of elastic deformation. Nevertheless, the alloy wire also obviously exhibits good energy dissipation characteristics, has excellent energy dissipation hysteresis loop and high recovery (or recovery) ability, and the hysteresis loop increases with the increase of external load. Figure 10 is the curve between the strain and the recovery force of the tensile test of the nickel-titanium alloy wire. The recovery force of the alloy wire can reach more than 620Mpa after an appropriate amount of stretching. When the strain of the alloy wire reaches about 10%, the alloy wire It can produce a restoring force of about 680Mpa, which shows that this type of bearing has a strong self-resetting ability.

Experiment 2:

The above-mentioned rope-type self-resetting shape memory alloy shock-absorbing and shock-absorbing bearing is installed on the anti-seismic support of a certain structure, and the effect of shock-isolation and shock-absorbing is very good. Figure 11 shows the general seismic support. At the seismic support of a certain structure, the displacement and stress response of a multi-directional shock wave can be seen from the obtained data. There are two reasons: one is that the self-restoring ability of ordinary seismic bearings is very poor, and the other is that the damping and energy dissipation capabilities are weak; Figure 12 illustrates the response of the support to multi-directional shock waves after the alloy shock-isolating and shock-absorbing bearing of the present invention is installed. It can be seen that the energy dissipation effect of this support is very good, and the durability and stability of shock absorption and shock absorption are high. Due to the superelastic effect of horizontal and vertical alloy wire ropes, The deformation of the alloy wire rope within the deformation range will recover when the support vibrates back to the equilibrium position. This process also dissipates the mechanical energy caused by the engineering components during use, and the shock absorption effect is good.

After comparing Fig. 11, it can be revealed that under the action of multi-directional shock waves, the maximum displacement and stress response extreme values of the ordinary bearing support are respectively 15.0cm and 80Mpa, while the maximum displacement and stress response of the bearing support of the present invention are installed The stress response extremes are only 3.5cm and 25Mpa respectively, which are about one-third of the former. Comparing the response curves of the two at the same time, it can be seen that the displacement response curve of the ordinary support is farther away from the equilibrium position (support displacement is zero) fluctuations occur on the basis of a certain displacement, and the displacement and stress change between adjacent times is relatively large, while the fluctuation of the displacement response curve at the position where the bearing support of the present invention is installed changes around the position of balance (the bearing displacement is zero) , which shows that the support has strong automatic recovery ability, and at the same time, the fluctuation of displacement and stress changes very little, that is, the change of displacement and stress between adjacent times is small, which delays and reduces the damage of shock waves. This further shows that the use of nickel-titanium materials The superelastic effect, high damping characteristics and structural design features can suppress the response of the structure under multi-directional shock waves to a large extent. To sum up, the performance of the bearing can be greatly improved and improved by using the new material shape memory alloy for structural redesign.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of cable type Self-resetting marmem earthquake isolation bearing, including vertical antidetonation cylinder barrel（4）, vertical antidetonation lives Plug（5）With common bias spring（6）, vertical antidetonation cylinder barrel（4）Top has manhole, and bottom welding has mounting flange （14）, described vertical antidetonation piston（5）With common bias spring（6）It is arranged on vertical antidetonation cylinder barrel（4）In；Its feature exists In also including Horizontal Seismic cylinder barrel（1）, Horizontal Seismic slideway（2）, connecting rod（3）, Horizontal Seismic alloy cord（7）, vertically resist Shake alloy cord（8）And vertical columns（13）；Wherein, described Horizontal Seismic slideway（2）For bowl cover shape, center is provided with Vertical columns（13）, vertical columns（13）Top is welded with circular baffle plate（15）, described Horizontal Seismic cylinder barrel（1）It is enclosed within fixation Column（13）Outside, Horizontal Seismic cylinder barrel（1）Top is welded with adpting flange, and adpting flange internal diameter is less than circular baffle plate（15）'s Diameter, Horizontal Seismic cylinder barrel（1）With vertical columns（13）By many Horizontal Seismic alloy cords（7）Connect, Horizontal Seismic closes Spun gold rope（7）Along vertical columns（13）Outside diameter hoop is evenly arranged, every Horizontal Seismic alloy cord（7）One end pass through activity Chuck（11）It is fixed on vertical columns（13）On, the other end passes through fixed chuck（10）It is connected at the inner tube wall of cylinder barrel；Described Connecting rod（3）It is welded on Horizontal Seismic slideway（2）Bottom, and pass through vertical antidetonation cylinder barrel（4）On the manhole opened with perpendicular To antidetonation piston（5）Connect, described vertical antidetonation piston（5）One group of vertical antidetonation alloy cord is passed through in upside（8）With vertical Antidetonation cylinder barrel（4）Upper cylinder cover be connected, vertical antidetonation piston（5）One group of vertical antidetonation alloy cord is passed through in downside（8）With vertical Antidetonation cylinder barrel（4）Lower cylinder cap be connected, described vertical antidetonation alloy cord（8）Many of setting, along vertical antidetonation cylinder barrel（4） Inwall circumference uniform distribution, each vertical antidetonation alloy cord（8）One end pass through active chuck（11）It is fixed on the side of piston, Other end fixed chuck（10）It is connected to the side of cylinder barrel cylinder cap；Common bias spring（6）One end is arranged on vertical antidetonation and lives Plug（5）Lower end, the other end is arranged on vertical antidetonation cylinder barrel（4）Inner bottom surface；Described vertical antidetonation cylinder barrel（4）Inwall, correspondence Vertical antidetonation piston（5）Circumferentially place is evenly arranged the raised smooth slideway of orientation to installed position（12）, also include universal cunning Wheel（9）, it is fixedly mounted on Horizontal Seismic cylinder barrel（1）Bottom cross section on.

2. a kind of cable type Self-resetting marmem earthquake isolation bearing according to claim 1, its feature exists In described Horizontal Seismic alloy cord（7）Setting three, along vertical columns（13）Outside diameter hoop is evenly arranged.

3. a kind of cable type Self-resetting marmem earthquake isolation bearing according to claim 1, its feature exists In described Horizontal Seismic alloy cord（7）Setting five, along vertical columns（13）Outside diameter hoop is evenly arranged.

4. a kind of cable type Self-resetting marmem earthquake isolation bearing according to claim 1, its feature exists In described Horizontal Seismic alloy cord（7）Setting four, along vertical columns（13）Outside diameter hoop is evenly arranged.

5. a kind of cable type Self-resetting marmem earthquake isolation bearing according to claim 1, its feature exists In described Horizontal Seismic alloy cord（7）The setting six roots of sensation, along vertical columns（13）Outside diameter hoop is evenly arranged.